"a-" meaning in Xhosa

See a- in All languages combined, or Wiktionary

Prefix

Forms: wa- [medial]
Etymology: From Proto-Bantu *gá-. Etymology templates: {{inh|xh|bnt-pro|*gá-}} Proto-Bantu *gá- Head templates: {{head|xh|prefix|medial|wa-|cat2=subject concords}} a- (medial wa-)
  1. they; class 6 subject concord. Tags: morpheme
    Sense id: en-a--xh-prefix-puFBbSU3 Categories (other): Xhosa subject concords
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Etymology number: 1

Prefix

Etymology: From Proto-Bantu *gáá-. Etymology templates: {{inh|xh|bnt-pro|*gáá-}} Proto-Bantu *gáá- Head templates: {{head|xh|prefix|cat2=possessive concords}} a-
  1. of; class 6 possessive concord. Tags: morpheme
    Sense id: en-a--xh-prefix-V-xRapxK Categories (other): Xhosa possessive concords
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Etymology number: 2

Prefix

Head templates: {{head|xh|prefix|cat2=relative concords}} a-
  1. Class 6 relative concord. Tags: morpheme
    Sense id: en-a--xh-prefix-HfprQnPg Categories (other): Xhosa relative concords
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Etymology number: 3

Prefix

Etymology: From Proto-Bantu *nkà-. Etymology templates: {{inh|xh|bnt-pro|*nkà-}} Proto-Bantu *nkà- Head templates: {{head|xh|prefix}} a-
  1. not Tags: morpheme
    Sense id: en-a--xh-prefix-JUu5e1fx Categories (other): Xhosa entries with incorrect language header Disambiguation of Xhosa entries with incorrect language header: 15 12 13 60
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Etymology number: 4
{
  "etymology_number": 1,
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "xh",
        "2": "bnt-pro",
        "3": "*gá-"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Bantu *gá-",
      "name": "inh"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Proto-Bantu *gá-.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "wa-",
      "tags": [
        "medial"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "xh",
        "2": "prefix",
        "3": "medial",
        "4": "wa-",
        "cat2": "subject concords"
      },
      "expansion": "a- (medial wa-)",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Xhosa",
  "lang_code": "xh",
  "pos": "prefix",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Xhosa subject concords",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "they; class 6 subject concord."
      ],
      "id": "en-a--xh-prefix-puFBbSU3",
      "links": [
        [
          "they",
          "they"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "morpheme"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "a-"
}

{
  "etymology_number": 2,
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "xh",
        "2": "bnt-pro",
        "3": "*gáá-"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Bantu *gáá-",
      "name": "inh"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Proto-Bantu *gáá-.",
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "xh",
        "2": "prefix",
        "cat2": "possessive concords"
      },
      "expansion": "a-",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Xhosa",
  "lang_code": "xh",
  "pos": "prefix",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Xhosa possessive concords",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "of; class 6 possessive concord."
      ],
      "id": "en-a--xh-prefix-V-xRapxK",
      "links": [
        [
          "of",
          "of"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "morpheme"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "a-"
}

{
  "etymology_number": 3,
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "xh",
        "2": "prefix",
        "cat2": "relative concords"
      },
      "expansion": "a-",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Xhosa",
  "lang_code": "xh",
  "pos": "prefix",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Xhosa relative concords",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Class 6 relative concord."
      ],
      "id": "en-a--xh-prefix-HfprQnPg",
      "tags": [
        "morpheme"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "a-"
}

{
  "etymology_number": 4,
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "xh",
        "2": "bnt-pro",
        "3": "*nkà-"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Bantu *nkà-",
      "name": "inh"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Proto-Bantu *nkà-.",
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "xh",
        "2": "prefix"
      },
      "expansion": "a-",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Xhosa",
  "lang_code": "xh",
  "pos": "prefix",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "15 12 13 60",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Xhosa entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "not"
      ],
      "id": "en-a--xh-prefix-JUu5e1fx",
      "links": [
        [
          "not",
          "not"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "morpheme"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "a-"
}
{
  "categories": [
    "Pages with 55 entries",
    "Pages with entries",
    "Xhosa entries with incorrect language header",
    "Xhosa lemmas",
    "Xhosa prefixes",
    "Xhosa subject concords",
    "Xhosa terms derived from Proto-Bantu",
    "Xhosa terms inherited from Proto-Bantu"
  ],
  "etymology_number": 1,
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "xh",
        "2": "bnt-pro",
        "3": "*gá-"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Bantu *gá-",
      "name": "inh"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Proto-Bantu *gá-.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "wa-",
      "tags": [
        "medial"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "xh",
        "2": "prefix",
        "3": "medial",
        "4": "wa-",
        "cat2": "subject concords"
      },
      "expansion": "a- (medial wa-)",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Xhosa",
  "lang_code": "xh",
  "pos": "prefix",
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "they; class 6 subject concord."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "they",
          "they"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "morpheme"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "a-"
}

{
  "categories": [
    "Pages with 55 entries",
    "Pages with entries",
    "Xhosa entries with incorrect language header",
    "Xhosa lemmas",
    "Xhosa possessive concords",
    "Xhosa prefixes",
    "Xhosa terms derived from Proto-Bantu",
    "Xhosa terms inherited from Proto-Bantu"
  ],
  "etymology_number": 2,
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "xh",
        "2": "bnt-pro",
        "3": "*gáá-"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Bantu *gáá-",
      "name": "inh"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Proto-Bantu *gáá-.",
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "xh",
        "2": "prefix",
        "cat2": "possessive concords"
      },
      "expansion": "a-",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Xhosa",
  "lang_code": "xh",
  "pos": "prefix",
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "of; class 6 possessive concord."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "of",
          "of"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "morpheme"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "a-"
}

{
  "categories": [
    "Pages with 55 entries",
    "Pages with entries",
    "Xhosa entries with incorrect language header",
    "Xhosa lemmas",
    "Xhosa prefixes",
    "Xhosa relative concords",
    "Xhosa terms derived from Proto-Bantu",
    "Xhosa terms inherited from Proto-Bantu"
  ],
  "etymology_number": 3,
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "xh",
        "2": "prefix",
        "cat2": "relative concords"
      },
      "expansion": "a-",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Xhosa",
  "lang_code": "xh",
  "pos": "prefix",
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "Class 6 relative concord."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "morpheme"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "a-"
}

{
  "categories": [
    "Pages with 55 entries",
    "Pages with entries",
    "Xhosa entries with incorrect language header",
    "Xhosa lemmas",
    "Xhosa prefixes",
    "Xhosa terms derived from Proto-Bantu",
    "Xhosa terms inherited from Proto-Bantu"
  ],
  "etymology_number": 4,
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "xh",
        "2": "bnt-pro",
        "3": "*nkà-"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Bantu *nkà-",
      "name": "inh"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Proto-Bantu *nkà-.",
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "xh",
        "2": "prefix"
      },
      "expansion": "a-",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Xhosa",
  "lang_code": "xh",
  "pos": "prefix",
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "not"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "not",
          "not"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "morpheme"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "a-"
}

Download raw JSONL data for a- meaning in Xhosa (2.7kB)


This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Xhosa dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-06-05 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-06-01 using wiktextract (5ee713e and f1c2b61). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.