See du in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cy",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*dʰewbʰ-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cy",
"2": "cel-bry-pro",
"3": "*duβ"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Brythonic *duβ",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cy",
"2": "cel-pro",
"3": "*dubus"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Celtic *dubus",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cy",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*dʰewbʰ-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *dʰewbʰ-",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Brythonic *duβ, from Proto-Celtic *dubus, from Proto-Indo-European *dʰewbʰ-.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "du",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "duon",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "dued",
"tags": [
"equative"
]
},
{
"form": "duach",
"tags": [
"comparative"
]
},
{
"form": "duaf",
"tags": [
"superlative"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "cy-mut",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "du",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "ddu",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"soft"
]
},
{
"form": "nu",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ach",
"pl": "duon"
},
"expansion": "du (feminine singular du, plural duon, equative dued, comparative duach, superlative duaf)",
"name": "cy-adj"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "cy-mut"
}
],
"lang": "Welsh",
"lang_code": "cy",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 68 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Welsh entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"derived": [
{
"english": "black and white; piebald",
"word": "du a gwyn"
},
{
"english": "black hole",
"word": "twll du"
},
{
"english": "to swear black is white",
"word": "tyngu'r du yn wyn"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "He has a black mustache",
"text": "Mae ganddo fo fwstash du.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"black"
],
"id": "en-du-cy-adj-wAbH46sU",
"links": [
[
"black",
"black"
]
],
"related": [
{
"word": "düwch"
},
{
"word": "gwyn"
},
{
"word": "llwyd"
},
{
"word": "coch"
},
{
"word": "rhudd"
},
{
"word": "oren"
},
{
"word": "melyngoch"
},
{
"word": "brown"
},
{
"word": "melyn"
},
{
"word": "melynwyn"
},
{
"word": "melynwyrdd"
},
{
"word": "gwyrdd"
},
{
"word": "gwyrddlas"
},
{
"word": "glaswyrdd"
},
{
"word": "asur"
},
{
"word": "gwynlas"
},
{
"word": "glas"
},
{
"word": "fioled"
},
{
"word": "rhuddlas"
},
{
"word": "indigo"
},
{
"word": "majenta"
},
{
"word": "porffor"
},
{
"word": "pinc"
},
{
"word": "rhuddwyn"
}
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/dɨː/",
"tags": [
"North-Wales"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/diː/",
"tags": [
"South-Wales"
]
},
{
"homophone": "dŷ"
},
{
"homophone": "stripped-by-parse_pron_post_template_fn stripped-by-parse_pron_post_template_fn"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɨː"
}
],
"word": "du"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 68 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"derived": [
{
"english": "black and white; piebald",
"word": "du a gwyn"
},
{
"english": "black hole",
"word": "twll du"
},
{
"english": "to swear black is white",
"word": "tyngu'r du yn wyn"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cy",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*dʰewbʰ-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cy",
"2": "cel-bry-pro",
"3": "*duβ"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Brythonic *duβ",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cy",
"2": "cel-pro",
"3": "*dubus"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Celtic *dubus",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cy",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*dʰewbʰ-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *dʰewbʰ-",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Brythonic *duβ, from Proto-Celtic *dubus, from Proto-Indo-European *dʰewbʰ-.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "du",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "duon",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "dued",
"tags": [
"equative"
]
},
{
"form": "duach",
"tags": [
"comparative"
]
},
{
"form": "duaf",
"tags": [
"superlative"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "cy-mut",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "du",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "ddu",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"soft"
]
},
{
"form": "nu",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ach",
"pl": "duon"
},
"expansion": "du (feminine singular du, plural duon, equative dued, comparative duach, superlative duaf)",
"name": "cy-adj"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "cy-mut"
}
],
"lang": "Welsh",
"lang_code": "cy",
"pos": "adj",
"related": [
{
"word": "düwch"
},
{
"word": "gwyn"
},
{
"word": "llwyd"
},
{
"word": "coch"
},
{
"word": "rhudd"
},
{
"word": "oren"
},
{
"word": "melyngoch"
},
{
"word": "brown"
},
{
"word": "melyn"
},
{
"word": "melynwyn"
},
{
"word": "melynwyrdd"
},
{
"word": "gwyrdd"
},
{
"word": "gwyrddlas"
},
{
"word": "glaswyrdd"
},
{
"word": "asur"
},
{
"word": "gwynlas"
},
{
"word": "glas"
},
{
"word": "fioled"
},
{
"word": "rhuddlas"
},
{
"word": "indigo"
},
{
"word": "majenta"
},
{
"word": "porffor"
},
{
"word": "pinc"
},
{
"word": "rhuddwyn"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 68 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Rhymes:Welsh/ɨː",
"Rhymes:Welsh/ɨː/1 syllable",
"Welsh adjectives",
"Welsh entries with incorrect language header",
"Welsh lemmas",
"Welsh terms derived from Proto-Brythonic",
"Welsh terms derived from Proto-Celtic",
"Welsh terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Welsh terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *dʰewbʰ-",
"Welsh terms inherited from Proto-Brythonic",
"Welsh terms inherited from Proto-Celtic",
"Welsh terms with homophones",
"Welsh terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "He has a black mustache",
"text": "Mae ganddo fo fwstash du.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"black"
],
"links": [
[
"black",
"black"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/dɨː/",
"tags": [
"North-Wales"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/diː/",
"tags": [
"South-Wales"
]
},
{
"homophone": "dŷ"
},
{
"homophone": "stripped-by-parse_pron_post_template_fn stripped-by-parse_pron_post_template_fn"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɨː"
}
],
"word": "du"
}
Download raw JSONL data for du meaning in Welsh (3.1kB)
{
"called_from": "form_descriptions/1089",
"msg": "suspicious unhandled suffix in Welsh: 'twll du', originally 'twll du'",
"path": [
"du"
],
"section": "Welsh",
"subsection": "adjective",
"title": "du",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/2457",
"msg": "rejected heuristic header: table cell identified as header and given candidate status, BUT the cleaned text is not in LANGUAGES_WITH_CELLS_AS_HEADERS[Welsh]; cleaned text: nu",
"path": [
"du"
],
"section": "Welsh",
"subsection": "adjective",
"title": "du",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/865",
"msg": "inflection table: IF WITHOUT ELSE EVALS False: du/Welsh 'radical' base_tags=set()",
"path": [
"du"
],
"section": "Welsh",
"subsection": "adjective",
"title": "du",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/865",
"msg": "inflection table: IF WITHOUT ELSE EVALS False: du/Welsh 'nasal' base_tags={'error-unrecognized-form', 'soft'}",
"path": [
"du"
],
"section": "Welsh",
"subsection": "adjective",
"title": "du",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/865",
"msg": "inflection table: IF WITHOUT ELSE EVALS False: du/Welsh 'aspirate' base_tags={'error-unrecognized-form', 'soft'}",
"path": [
"du"
],
"section": "Welsh",
"subsection": "adjective",
"title": "du",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "wiktionary/179/20240425uppercase_tags",
"msg": "du/Welsh/adj: invalid uppercase tag North-Wales not in or uppercase_tags: {\"categories\": [\"Pages with 68 entries\", \"Pages with entries\"], \"derived\": [{\"english\": \"black and white; piebald\", \"word\": \"du a gwyn\"}, {\"english\": \"black hole\", \"word\": \"twll du\"}, {\"english\": \"to swear black is white\", \"word\": \"tyngu'r du yn wyn\"}], \"etymology_templates\": [{\"args\": {\"1\": \"cy\", \"2\": \"ine-pro\", \"3\": \"*dʰewbʰ-\"}, \"expansion\": \"\", \"name\": \"root\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"cy\", \"2\": \"cel-bry-pro\", \"3\": \"*duβ\"}, \"expansion\": \"Proto-Brythonic *duβ\", \"name\": \"inh\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"cy\", \"2\": \"cel-pro\", \"3\": \"*dubus\"}, \"expansion\": \"Proto-Celtic *dubus\", \"name\": \"inh\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"cy\", \"2\": \"ine-pro\", \"3\": \"*dʰewbʰ-\"}, \"expansion\": \"Proto-Indo-European *dʰewbʰ-\", \"name\": \"der\"}], \"etymology_text\": \"From Proto-Brythonic *duβ, from Proto-Celtic *dubus, from Proto-Indo-European *dʰewbʰ-.\", \"forms\": [{\"form\": \"du\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\", \"singular\"]}, {\"form\": \"duon\", \"tags\": [\"plural\"]}, {\"form\": \"dued\", \"tags\": [\"equative\"]}, {\"form\": \"duach\", \"tags\": [\"comparative\"]}, {\"form\": \"duaf\", \"tags\": [\"superlative\"]}, {\"form\": \"no-table-tags\", \"source\": \"mutation\", \"tags\": [\"table-tags\"]}, {\"form\": \"cy-mut\", \"source\": \"mutation\", \"tags\": [\"inflection-template\"]}, {\"form\": \"du\", \"source\": \"mutation\", \"tags\": [\"error-unrecognized-form\"]}, {\"form\": \"ddu\", \"source\": \"mutation\", \"tags\": [\"soft\"]}, {\"form\": \"nu\", \"source\": \"mutation\", \"tags\": [\"error-unrecognized-form\"]}], \"head_templates\": [{\"args\": {\"1\": \"ach\", \"pl\": \"duon\"}, \"expansion\": \"du (feminine singular du, plural duon, equative dued, comparative duach, superlative duaf)\", \"name\": \"cy-adj\"}], \"inflection_templates\": [{\"args\": {}, \"name\": \"cy-mut\"}], \"lang\": \"Welsh\", \"lang_code\": \"cy\", \"pos\": \"adj\", \"related\": [{\"word\": \"düwch\"}, {\"word\": \"gwyn\"}, {\"word\": \"llwyd\"}, {\"word\": \"coch\"}, {\"word\": \"rhudd\"}, {\"word\": \"oren\"}, {\"word\": \"melyngoch\"}, {\"word\": \"brown\"}, {\"word\": \"melyn\"}, {\"word\": \"melynwyn\"}, {\"word\": \"melynwyrdd\"}, {\"word\": \"gwyrdd\"}, {\"word\": \"gwyrddlas\"}, {\"word\": \"glaswyrdd\"}, {\"word\": \"asur\"}, {\"word\": \"gwynlas\"}, {\"word\": \"glas\"}, {\"word\": \"fioled\"}, {\"word\": \"rhuddlas\"}, {\"word\": \"indigo\"}, {\"word\": \"majenta\"}, {\"word\": \"porffor\"}, {\"word\": \"pinc\"}, {\"word\": \"rhuddwyn\"}], \"senses\": [{\"categories\": [\"Pages with 68 entries\", \"Pages with entries\", \"Rhymes:Welsh/ɨː\", \"Rhymes:Welsh/ɨː/1 syllable\", \"Welsh adjectives\", \"Welsh entries with incorrect language header\", \"Welsh lemmas\", \"Welsh terms derived from Proto-Brythonic\", \"Welsh terms derived from Proto-Celtic\", \"Welsh terms derived from Proto-Indo-European\", \"Welsh terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *dʰewbʰ-\", \"Welsh terms inherited from Proto-Brythonic\", \"Welsh terms inherited from Proto-Celtic\", \"Welsh terms with homophones\", \"Welsh terms with usage examples\"], \"examples\": [{\"english\": \"He has a black mustache\", \"text\": \"Mae ganddo fo fwstash du.\", \"type\": \"example\"}], \"glosses\": [\"black\"], \"links\": [[\"black\", \"black\"]]}], \"sounds\": [{\"ipa\": \"/dɨː/\", \"tags\": [\"North-Wales\"]}, {\"ipa\": \"/diː/\", \"tags\": [\"South-Wales\"]}, {\"homophone\": \"dŷ\"}, {\"homophone\": \"stripped-by-parse_pron_post_template_fn stripped-by-parse_pron_post_template_fn\"}, {\"rhymes\": \"-ɨː\"}], \"word\": \"du\"}",
"path": [],
"section": "Welsh",
"subsection": "adj",
"title": "du",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "wiktionary/179/20240425uppercase_tags",
"msg": "du/Welsh/adj: invalid uppercase tag South-Wales not in or uppercase_tags: {\"categories\": [\"Pages with 68 entries\", \"Pages with entries\"], \"derived\": [{\"english\": \"black and white; piebald\", \"word\": \"du a gwyn\"}, {\"english\": \"black hole\", \"word\": \"twll du\"}, {\"english\": \"to swear black is white\", \"word\": \"tyngu'r du yn wyn\"}], \"etymology_templates\": [{\"args\": {\"1\": \"cy\", \"2\": \"ine-pro\", \"3\": \"*dʰewbʰ-\"}, \"expansion\": \"\", \"name\": \"root\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"cy\", \"2\": \"cel-bry-pro\", \"3\": \"*duβ\"}, \"expansion\": \"Proto-Brythonic *duβ\", \"name\": \"inh\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"cy\", \"2\": \"cel-pro\", \"3\": \"*dubus\"}, \"expansion\": \"Proto-Celtic *dubus\", \"name\": \"inh\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"cy\", \"2\": \"ine-pro\", \"3\": \"*dʰewbʰ-\"}, \"expansion\": \"Proto-Indo-European *dʰewbʰ-\", \"name\": \"der\"}], \"etymology_text\": \"From Proto-Brythonic *duβ, from Proto-Celtic *dubus, from Proto-Indo-European *dʰewbʰ-.\", \"forms\": [{\"form\": \"du\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\", \"singular\"]}, {\"form\": \"duon\", \"tags\": [\"plural\"]}, {\"form\": \"dued\", \"tags\": [\"equative\"]}, {\"form\": \"duach\", \"tags\": [\"comparative\"]}, {\"form\": \"duaf\", \"tags\": [\"superlative\"]}, {\"form\": \"no-table-tags\", \"source\": \"mutation\", \"tags\": [\"table-tags\"]}, {\"form\": \"cy-mut\", \"source\": \"mutation\", \"tags\": [\"inflection-template\"]}, {\"form\": \"du\", \"source\": \"mutation\", \"tags\": [\"error-unrecognized-form\"]}, {\"form\": \"ddu\", \"source\": \"mutation\", \"tags\": [\"soft\"]}, {\"form\": \"nu\", \"source\": \"mutation\", \"tags\": [\"error-unrecognized-form\"]}], \"head_templates\": [{\"args\": {\"1\": \"ach\", \"pl\": \"duon\"}, \"expansion\": \"du (feminine singular du, plural duon, equative dued, comparative duach, superlative duaf)\", \"name\": \"cy-adj\"}], \"inflection_templates\": [{\"args\": {}, \"name\": \"cy-mut\"}], \"lang\": \"Welsh\", \"lang_code\": \"cy\", \"pos\": \"adj\", \"related\": [{\"word\": \"düwch\"}, {\"word\": \"gwyn\"}, {\"word\": \"llwyd\"}, {\"word\": \"coch\"}, {\"word\": \"rhudd\"}, {\"word\": \"oren\"}, {\"word\": \"melyngoch\"}, {\"word\": \"brown\"}, {\"word\": \"melyn\"}, {\"word\": \"melynwyn\"}, {\"word\": \"melynwyrdd\"}, {\"word\": \"gwyrdd\"}, {\"word\": \"gwyrddlas\"}, {\"word\": \"glaswyrdd\"}, {\"word\": \"asur\"}, {\"word\": \"gwynlas\"}, {\"word\": \"glas\"}, {\"word\": \"fioled\"}, {\"word\": \"rhuddlas\"}, {\"word\": \"indigo\"}, {\"word\": \"majenta\"}, {\"word\": \"porffor\"}, {\"word\": \"pinc\"}, {\"word\": \"rhuddwyn\"}], \"senses\": [{\"categories\": [\"Pages with 68 entries\", \"Pages with entries\", \"Rhymes:Welsh/ɨː\", \"Rhymes:Welsh/ɨː/1 syllable\", \"Welsh adjectives\", \"Welsh entries with incorrect language header\", \"Welsh lemmas\", \"Welsh terms derived from Proto-Brythonic\", \"Welsh terms derived from Proto-Celtic\", \"Welsh terms derived from Proto-Indo-European\", \"Welsh terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *dʰewbʰ-\", \"Welsh terms inherited from Proto-Brythonic\", \"Welsh terms inherited from Proto-Celtic\", \"Welsh terms with homophones\", \"Welsh terms with usage examples\"], \"examples\": [{\"english\": \"He has a black mustache\", \"text\": \"Mae ganddo fo fwstash du.\", \"type\": \"example\"}], \"glosses\": [\"black\"], \"links\": [[\"black\", \"black\"]]}], \"sounds\": [{\"ipa\": \"/dɨː/\", \"tags\": [\"North-Wales\"]}, {\"ipa\": \"/diː/\", \"tags\": [\"South-Wales\"]}, {\"homophone\": \"dŷ\"}, {\"homophone\": \"stripped-by-parse_pron_post_template_fn stripped-by-parse_pron_post_template_fn\"}, {\"rhymes\": \"-ɨː\"}], \"word\": \"du\"}",
"path": [],
"section": "Welsh",
"subsection": "adj",
"title": "du",
"trace": ""
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Welsh dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-12-21 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-12-04 using wiktextract (d8cb2f3 and 4e554ae). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.