See croen in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"english": "goose bumps",
"word": "croen gŵydd"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"english": "made of skin; thick-skinned",
"word": "croeniog"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cy",
"2": "owl",
"3": "groen"
},
"expansion": "Old Welsh groen",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cy",
"2": "cel-bry-pro",
"3": "*krʉn"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Brythonic *krʉn",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cy",
"2": "cel-pro",
"3": "*kroknom"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Celtic *kroknom",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "kw",
"2": "kroghen"
},
"expansion": "Cornish kroghen",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "br",
"2": "kroc'hen"
},
"expansion": "Breton kroc'hen",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sga",
"2": "croiccenn"
},
"expansion": "Old Irish croiccenn",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cy",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*(s)ker-",
"4": "",
"5": "cut off"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *(s)ker- (“cut off”)",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Old Welsh groen, from Proto-Brythonic *krʉn, from Proto-Celtic *kroknom, syncope of *krokkenom (compare Cornish kroghen, Breton kroc'hen, Old Irish croiccenn), of unknown origin. Perhaps ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *(s)ker- (“cut off”), although this gave corwg and ysgaru.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "crwyn",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "cy-mut",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "croen",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"mutation",
"mutation-radical"
]
},
{
"form": "groen",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"mutation",
"mutation-soft"
]
},
{
"form": "nghroen",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"mutation",
"mutation-nasal"
]
},
{
"form": "chroen",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"mutation",
"mutation-aspirate"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "m",
"2": "-",
"pl2": "crwyn"
},
"expansion": "croen m (usually uncountable, plural crwyn)",
"name": "cy-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "cy-mut"
}
],
"lang": "Welsh",
"lang_code": "cy",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "cy",
"name": "Anatomy",
"orig": "cy:Anatomy",
"parents": [
"Biology",
"Medicine",
"Sciences",
"Healthcare",
"All topics",
"Health",
"Fundamental",
"Body"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "56 4 40",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Welsh entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"skin"
],
"id": "en-croen-cy-noun-KgBw0BS8",
"links": [
[
"anatomy",
"anatomy"
],
[
"skin",
"skin"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(anatomy) skin"
],
"tags": [
"masculine",
"uncountable",
"usually"
],
"topics": [
"anatomy",
"medicine",
"sciences"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"hide, pelt"
],
"id": "en-croen-cy-noun-Z3wyyC2c",
"links": [
[
"hide",
"hide"
],
[
"pelt",
"pelt"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine",
"uncountable",
"usually"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"rind, peel"
],
"id": "en-croen-cy-noun-ZJJPIS0p",
"links": [
[
"rind",
"rind"
],
[
"peel",
"peel"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine",
"uncountable",
"usually"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/kroːɨ̯n/",
"tags": [
"North-Wales"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/krɔi̯n/",
"tags": [
"South-Wales",
"colloquial",
"standard"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/kroːn/",
"tags": [
"South-Wales",
"colloquial"
]
},
{
"audio": "Cy-croen.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/a/ac/Cy-croen.ogg/Cy-croen.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/ac/Cy-croen.ogg"
},
{
"rhymes": "-oːɨ̯n"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Brill Publishers"
],
"word": "croen"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 3 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Rhymes:Welsh/oːɨ̯n",
"Rhymes:Welsh/oːɨ̯n/1 syllable",
"Welsh countable nouns",
"Welsh entries with incorrect language header",
"Welsh lemmas",
"Welsh masculine nouns",
"Welsh nouns",
"Welsh terms derived from Old Welsh",
"Welsh terms derived from Proto-Brythonic",
"Welsh terms derived from Proto-Celtic",
"Welsh terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Welsh terms inherited from Old Welsh",
"Welsh terms inherited from Proto-Brythonic",
"Welsh terms inherited from Proto-Celtic",
"Welsh uncountable nouns"
],
"derived": [
{
"english": "goose bumps",
"word": "croen gŵydd"
},
{
"english": "made of skin; thick-skinned",
"word": "croeniog"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cy",
"2": "owl",
"3": "groen"
},
"expansion": "Old Welsh groen",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cy",
"2": "cel-bry-pro",
"3": "*krʉn"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Brythonic *krʉn",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cy",
"2": "cel-pro",
"3": "*kroknom"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Celtic *kroknom",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "kw",
"2": "kroghen"
},
"expansion": "Cornish kroghen",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "br",
"2": "kroc'hen"
},
"expansion": "Breton kroc'hen",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sga",
"2": "croiccenn"
},
"expansion": "Old Irish croiccenn",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cy",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*(s)ker-",
"4": "",
"5": "cut off"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *(s)ker- (“cut off”)",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Old Welsh groen, from Proto-Brythonic *krʉn, from Proto-Celtic *kroknom, syncope of *krokkenom (compare Cornish kroghen, Breton kroc'hen, Old Irish croiccenn), of unknown origin. Perhaps ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *(s)ker- (“cut off”), although this gave corwg and ysgaru.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "crwyn",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "cy-mut",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "croen",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"mutation",
"mutation-radical"
]
},
{
"form": "groen",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"mutation",
"mutation-soft"
]
},
{
"form": "nghroen",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"mutation",
"mutation-nasal"
]
},
{
"form": "chroen",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"mutation",
"mutation-aspirate"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "m",
"2": "-",
"pl2": "crwyn"
},
"expansion": "croen m (usually uncountable, plural crwyn)",
"name": "cy-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "cy-mut"
}
],
"lang": "Welsh",
"lang_code": "cy",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"cy:Anatomy"
],
"glosses": [
"skin"
],
"links": [
[
"anatomy",
"anatomy"
],
[
"skin",
"skin"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(anatomy) skin"
],
"tags": [
"masculine",
"uncountable",
"usually"
],
"topics": [
"anatomy",
"medicine",
"sciences"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"hide, pelt"
],
"links": [
[
"hide",
"hide"
],
[
"pelt",
"pelt"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine",
"uncountable",
"usually"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"rind, peel"
],
"links": [
[
"rind",
"rind"
],
[
"peel",
"peel"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine",
"uncountable",
"usually"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/kroːɨ̯n/",
"tags": [
"North-Wales"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/krɔi̯n/",
"tags": [
"South-Wales",
"colloquial",
"standard"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/kroːn/",
"tags": [
"South-Wales",
"colloquial"
]
},
{
"audio": "Cy-croen.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/a/ac/Cy-croen.ogg/Cy-croen.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/ac/Cy-croen.ogg"
},
{
"rhymes": "-oːɨ̯n"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Brill Publishers"
],
"word": "croen"
}
Download raw JSONL data for croen meaning in Welsh (3.5kB)
{
"called_from": "inflection/2522",
"msg": "rejected heuristic header: table cell identified as header based on style, BUT the cleaned text is not in LANGUAGES_WITH_CELLS_AS_HEADERS[Welsh]; cleaned text: groen, style: padding-bottom:4px;////NodeKind.TABLE_CELL",
"path": [
"croen"
],
"section": "Welsh",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "croen",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/2522",
"msg": "rejected heuristic header: table cell identified as header based on style, BUT the cleaned text is not in LANGUAGES_WITH_CELLS_AS_HEADERS[Welsh]; cleaned text: nghroen, style: padding-bottom:4px;////NodeKind.TABLE_CELL",
"path": [
"croen"
],
"section": "Welsh",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "croen",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/2522",
"msg": "rejected heuristic header: table cell identified as header based on style, BUT the cleaned text is not in LANGUAGES_WITH_CELLS_AS_HEADERS[Welsh]; cleaned text: chroen, style: padding-bottom:4px;////NodeKind.TABLE_CELL",
"path": [
"croen"
],
"section": "Welsh",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "croen",
"trace": ""
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Welsh dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-11-06 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-10-02 using wiktextract (fbeafe8 and 7f03c9b). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.