croen in Welsh

IPA: /kroːɨ̯n/ [North-Wales], /krɔi̯n/ [South-Wales, colloquial, standard], /kroːn/ [South-Wales, colloquial] Audio: Cy-croen.ogg

Forms: crwyn [plural], no-table-tags [table-tags], croen [error-unrecognized-form], groen [soft], nghroen [error-unrecognized-form], chroen [error-unrecognized-form] [Show additional information ▼] [Hide additional information ▲]

Rhymes: -oːɨ̯n Etymology: From Old Welsh groen, from Proto-Brythonic *krʉn, from Proto-Celtic *kroknom, syncope of *krokkenom (compare Cornish kroghen, Breton kroc'hen, Old Irish croiccenn), of unknown origin. Perhaps ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *(s)ker- (“cut off”), although this gave corwg and ysgaru. Etymology templates: {{inh|cy|owl|groen}} Old Welsh groen, {{inh|cy|cel-bry-pro|*krʉn}} Proto-Brythonic *krʉn, {{inh|cy|cel-pro|*kroknom}} Proto-Celtic *kroknom, {{cog|kw|kroghen}} Cornish kroghen, {{cog|br|kroc'hen}} Breton kroc'hen, {{cog|sga|croiccenn}} Old Irish croiccenn, {{der|cy|ine-pro|*(s)ker-||cut off}} Proto-Indo-European *(s)ker- (“cut off”) Head templates: {{cy-noun|m|-|pl2=crwyn}} croen m (usually uncountable, plural crwyn) Inflection templates: {{cy-mut}}

Inflected forms

[Show JSON for postprocessed kaikki.org data shown on this page ▼] [Hide JSON for postprocessed kaikki.org data shown on this page ▲]

{
  "derived": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "english": "epicarp",
      "word": "argroen"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "english": "goose bumps",
      "word": "croen gŵydd"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "english": "made of skin; thick-skinned",
      "word": "croeniog"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "english": "made of skin, cutaneous",
      "word": "croenaidd"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "english": "epidermis",
      "word": "uwchgroen"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "cy",
        "2": "owl",
        "3": "groen"
      },
      "expansion": "Old Welsh groen",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "cy",
        "2": "cel-bry-pro",
        "3": "*krʉn"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Brythonic *krʉn",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "cy",
        "2": "cel-pro",
        "3": "*kroknom"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Celtic *kroknom",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "kw",
        "2": "kroghen"
      },
      "expansion": "Cornish kroghen",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "br",
        "2": "kroc'hen"
      },
      "expansion": "Breton kroc'hen",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sga",
        "2": "croiccenn"
      },
      "expansion": "Old Irish croiccenn",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "cy",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*(s)ker-",
        "4": "",
        "5": "cut off"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *(s)ker- (“cut off”)",
      "name": "der"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Old Welsh groen, from Proto-Brythonic *krʉn, from Proto-Celtic *kroknom, syncope of *krokkenom (compare Cornish kroghen, Breton kroc'hen, Old Irish croiccenn), of unknown origin. Perhaps ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *(s)ker- (“cut off”), although this gave corwg and ysgaru.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "crwyn",
      "tags": [
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "mutation",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "cy-mut",
      "source": "mutation",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "croen",
      "source": "mutation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "groen",
      "source": "mutation",
      "tags": [
        "soft"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "nghroen",
      "source": "mutation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "chroen",
      "source": "mutation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "m",
        "2": "-",
        "pl2": "crwyn"
      },
      "expansion": "croen m (usually uncountable, plural crwyn)",
      "name": "cy-noun"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
      "name": "cy-mut"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Welsh",
  "lang_code": "cy",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "topical",
          "langcode": "cy",
          "name": "Anatomy",
          "orig": "cy:Anatomy",
          "parents": [
            "Biology",
            "Medicine",
            "Sciences",
            "Healthcare",
            "All topics",
            "Health",
            "Fundamental",
            "Body"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "59 4 37",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Welsh entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "skin"
      ],
      "id": "en-croen-cy-noun-KgBw0BS8",
      "links": [
        [
          "anatomy",
          "anatomy"
        ],
        [
          "skin",
          "skin"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(anatomy) skin"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "uncountable",
        "usually"
      ],
      "topics": [
        "anatomy",
        "medicine",
        "sciences"
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "hide, pelt"
      ],
      "id": "en-croen-cy-noun-Z3wyyC2c",
      "links": [
        [
          "hide",
          "hide"
        ],
        [
          "pelt",
          "pelt"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "uncountable",
        "usually"
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "rind, peel"
      ],
      "id": "en-croen-cy-noun-ZJJPIS0p",
      "links": [
        [
          "rind",
          "rind"
        ],
        [
          "peel",
          "peel"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "uncountable",
        "usually"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/kroːɨ̯n/",
      "tags": [
        "North-Wales"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/krɔi̯n/",
      "tags": [
        "South-Wales",
        "colloquial",
        "standard"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/kroːn/",
      "tags": [
        "South-Wales",
        "colloquial"
      ]
    },
    {
      "audio": "Cy-croen.ogg",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/a/ac/Cy-croen.ogg/Cy-croen.ogg.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/ac/Cy-croen.ogg"
    },
    {
      "rhymes": "-oːɨ̯n"
    }
  ],
  "wikipedia": [
    "Brill Publishers"
  ],
  "word": "croen"
}

[Show JSON for raw wiktextract data ▼] [Hide JSON for raw wiktextract data ▲]

{
  "categories": [
    "Pages with 3 entries",
    "Pages with entries",
    "Rhymes:Welsh/oːɨ̯n",
    "Rhymes:Welsh/oːɨ̯n/1 syllable",
    "Welsh countable nouns",
    "Welsh entries with incorrect language header",
    "Welsh lemmas",
    "Welsh masculine nouns",
    "Welsh nouns",
    "Welsh terms derived from Old Welsh",
    "Welsh terms derived from Proto-Brythonic",
    "Welsh terms derived from Proto-Celtic",
    "Welsh terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
    "Welsh terms inherited from Old Welsh",
    "Welsh terms inherited from Proto-Brythonic",
    "Welsh terms inherited from Proto-Celtic",
    "Welsh uncountable nouns"
  ],
  "derived": [
    {
      "english": "epicarp",
      "word": "argroen"
    },
    {
      "english": "goose bumps",
      "word": "croen gŵydd"
    },
    {
      "english": "made of skin; thick-skinned",
      "word": "croeniog"
    },
    {
      "english": "made of skin, cutaneous",
      "word": "croenaidd"
    },
    {
      "english": "epidermis",
      "word": "uwchgroen"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "cy",
        "2": "owl",
        "3": "groen"
      },
      "expansion": "Old Welsh groen",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "cy",
        "2": "cel-bry-pro",
        "3": "*krʉn"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Brythonic *krʉn",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "cy",
        "2": "cel-pro",
        "3": "*kroknom"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Celtic *kroknom",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "kw",
        "2": "kroghen"
      },
      "expansion": "Cornish kroghen",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "br",
        "2": "kroc'hen"
      },
      "expansion": "Breton kroc'hen",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sga",
        "2": "croiccenn"
      },
      "expansion": "Old Irish croiccenn",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "cy",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*(s)ker-",
        "4": "",
        "5": "cut off"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *(s)ker- (“cut off”)",
      "name": "der"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Old Welsh groen, from Proto-Brythonic *krʉn, from Proto-Celtic *kroknom, syncope of *krokkenom (compare Cornish kroghen, Breton kroc'hen, Old Irish croiccenn), of unknown origin. Perhaps ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *(s)ker- (“cut off”), although this gave corwg and ysgaru.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "crwyn",
      "tags": [
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "mutation",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "cy-mut",
      "source": "mutation",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "croen",
      "source": "mutation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "groen",
      "source": "mutation",
      "tags": [
        "soft"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "nghroen",
      "source": "mutation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "chroen",
      "source": "mutation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "m",
        "2": "-",
        "pl2": "crwyn"
      },
      "expansion": "croen m (usually uncountable, plural crwyn)",
      "name": "cy-noun"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
      "name": "cy-mut"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Welsh",
  "lang_code": "cy",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "cy:Anatomy"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "skin"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "anatomy",
          "anatomy"
        ],
        [
          "skin",
          "skin"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(anatomy) skin"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "uncountable",
        "usually"
      ],
      "topics": [
        "anatomy",
        "medicine",
        "sciences"
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "hide, pelt"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "hide",
          "hide"
        ],
        [
          "pelt",
          "pelt"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "uncountable",
        "usually"
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "rind, peel"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "rind",
          "rind"
        ],
        [
          "peel",
          "peel"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "uncountable",
        "usually"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/kroːɨ̯n/",
      "tags": [
        "North-Wales"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/krɔi̯n/",
      "tags": [
        "South-Wales",
        "colloquial",
        "standard"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/kroːn/",
      "tags": [
        "South-Wales",
        "colloquial"
      ]
    },
    {
      "audio": "Cy-croen.ogg",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/a/ac/Cy-croen.ogg/Cy-croen.ogg.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/ac/Cy-croen.ogg"
    },
    {
      "rhymes": "-oːɨ̯n"
    }
  ],
  "wikipedia": [
    "Brill Publishers"
  ],
  "word": "croen"
}

[Show JSON error data ▼] [Hide JSON error data ▲]

{
  "called_from": "inflection/865",
  "msg": "inflection table: IF WITHOUT ELSE EVALS False: croen/Welsh 'radical' base_tags=set()",
  "path": [
    "croen"
  ],
  "section": "Welsh",
  "subsection": "noun",
  "title": "croen",
  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "inflection/865",
  "msg": "inflection table: IF WITHOUT ELSE EVALS False: croen/Welsh 'nasal' base_tags={'soft', 'error-unrecognized-form'}",
  "path": [
    "croen"
  ],
  "section": "Welsh",
  "subsection": "noun",
  "title": "croen",
  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "inflection/865",
  "msg": "inflection table: IF WITHOUT ELSE EVALS False: croen/Welsh 'aspirate' base_tags={'soft', 'error-unrecognized-form'}",
  "path": [
    "croen"
  ],
  "section": "Welsh",
  "subsection": "noun",
  "title": "croen",
  "trace": ""
}

This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Welsh dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-03-01 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-02-21 using wiktextract (7c21d10 and f2e72e5). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.

"croen" meaning in Welsh

Noun

Inflected forms