See brwyn in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cy",
"2": "wlm",
"3": "brwyn"
},
"expansion": "Middle Welsh brwyn",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cy",
"2": "cel-pro",
"3": "*brugnos"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Celtic *brugnos",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ga",
"2": "brón"
},
"expansion": "Irish brón",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle Welsh brwyn, from Proto-Celtic *brugnos. Cognate with Irish brón.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "m",
"2": "-"
},
"expansion": "brwyn m (uncountable)",
"name": "cy-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Welsh",
"lang_code": "cy",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "86 14",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "cy",
"name": "Sadness",
"orig": "cy:Sadness",
"parents": [
"Emotions",
"Mind",
"Human",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"sorrow, sadness"
],
"id": "en-brwyn-cy-noun-lfKSyBsM",
"links": [
[
"sorrow",
"sorrow"
],
[
"sadness",
"sadness"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine",
"uncountable"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/bruːɨ̯n/",
"tags": [
"North-Wales"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/brʊi̯n/",
"tags": [
"South-Wales"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-ʊɨ̯n"
}
],
"word": "brwyn"
}
{
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cy",
"2": "cel-pro",
"3": "*brīnika",
"4": "",
"5": "stick"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Celtic *brīnika (“stick”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cy",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*bʰrugh-no-",
"t": "twig"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *bʰrugh-no- (“twig”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "brogne"
},
"expansion": "Old English brogne",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "brush"
},
"expansion": "English brush",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Celtic *brīnika (“stick”), from Proto-Indo-European *bʰrugh-no- (“twig”), see also Old English brogne, perhaps related to the root of English brush.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "brwynen",
"tags": [
"singulative"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "cy-mut",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "brwyn",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "frwyn",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"soft"
]
},
{
"form": "mrwyn",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cy",
"2": "noun",
"3": "singulative",
"4": "brwynen",
"g": "f-p"
},
"expansion": "brwyn f pl (singulative brwynen)",
"name": "head"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "cy-mut"
}
],
"lang": "Welsh",
"lang_code": "cy",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "9 91",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "7 93",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "6 94",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Welsh entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "10 90",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Welsh pluralia tantum",
"parents": [
"Pluralia tantum",
"Nouns",
"Lemmas"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "26 74",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "cy",
"name": "Materials",
"orig": "cy:Materials",
"parents": [
"Manufacturing",
"Human activity",
"Human behaviour",
"Human",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "5 95",
"kind": "lifeform",
"langcode": "cy",
"name": "Rushes",
"orig": "cy:Rushes",
"parents": [
"Commelinids",
"Water plants",
"Plants",
"Lifeforms",
"All topics",
"Life",
"Fundamental",
"Nature"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"derived": [
{
"english": "rushlight",
"word": "cannwyll frwyn"
}
],
"glosses": [
"rushes (plants of the genus Juncus; their stems used as a material)"
],
"id": "en-brwyn-cy-noun-vwV3CeKi",
"links": [
[
"rush",
"rush"
],
[
"Juncus",
"Juncus#Translingual"
]
],
"tags": [
"feminine",
"plural"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/bruːɨ̯n/",
"tags": [
"North-Wales"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/brʊi̯n/",
"tags": [
"South-Wales"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-ʊɨ̯n"
}
],
"word": "brwyn"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Rhymes:Welsh/ʊɨ̯n",
"Rhymes:Welsh/ʊɨ̯n/1 syllable",
"Welsh entries with incorrect language header",
"Welsh feminine nouns",
"Welsh lemmas",
"Welsh masculine nouns",
"Welsh nouns",
"Welsh pluralia tantum",
"Welsh terms derived from Middle Welsh",
"Welsh terms derived from Proto-Celtic",
"Welsh terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Welsh terms inherited from Middle Welsh",
"Welsh terms inherited from Proto-Celtic",
"Welsh uncountable nouns",
"cy:Materials",
"cy:Rushes",
"cy:Sadness"
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cy",
"2": "wlm",
"3": "brwyn"
},
"expansion": "Middle Welsh brwyn",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cy",
"2": "cel-pro",
"3": "*brugnos"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Celtic *brugnos",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ga",
"2": "brón"
},
"expansion": "Irish brón",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle Welsh brwyn, from Proto-Celtic *brugnos. Cognate with Irish brón.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "m",
"2": "-"
},
"expansion": "brwyn m (uncountable)",
"name": "cy-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Welsh",
"lang_code": "cy",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"sorrow, sadness"
],
"links": [
[
"sorrow",
"sorrow"
],
[
"sadness",
"sadness"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine",
"uncountable"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/bruːɨ̯n/",
"tags": [
"North-Wales"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/brʊi̯n/",
"tags": [
"South-Wales"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-ʊɨ̯n"
}
],
"word": "brwyn"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Rhymes:Welsh/ʊɨ̯n",
"Rhymes:Welsh/ʊɨ̯n/1 syllable",
"Welsh entries with incorrect language header",
"Welsh feminine nouns",
"Welsh lemmas",
"Welsh nouns",
"Welsh pluralia tantum",
"Welsh terms derived from Proto-Celtic",
"Welsh terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Welsh terms inherited from Proto-Celtic",
"cy:Materials",
"cy:Rushes",
"cy:Sadness"
],
"derived": [
{
"english": "rushlight",
"word": "cannwyll frwyn"
}
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cy",
"2": "cel-pro",
"3": "*brīnika",
"4": "",
"5": "stick"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Celtic *brīnika (“stick”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cy",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*bʰrugh-no-",
"t": "twig"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *bʰrugh-no- (“twig”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "brogne"
},
"expansion": "Old English brogne",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "brush"
},
"expansion": "English brush",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Celtic *brīnika (“stick”), from Proto-Indo-European *bʰrugh-no- (“twig”), see also Old English brogne, perhaps related to the root of English brush.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "brwynen",
"tags": [
"singulative"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "cy-mut",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "brwyn",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "frwyn",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"soft"
]
},
{
"form": "mrwyn",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cy",
"2": "noun",
"3": "singulative",
"4": "brwynen",
"g": "f-p"
},
"expansion": "brwyn f pl (singulative brwynen)",
"name": "head"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "cy-mut"
}
],
"lang": "Welsh",
"lang_code": "cy",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"rushes (plants of the genus Juncus; their stems used as a material)"
],
"links": [
[
"rush",
"rush"
],
[
"Juncus",
"Juncus#Translingual"
]
],
"tags": [
"feminine",
"plural"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/bruːɨ̯n/",
"tags": [
"North-Wales"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/brʊi̯n/",
"tags": [
"South-Wales"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-ʊɨ̯n"
}
],
"word": "brwyn"
}
Download raw JSONL data for brwyn meaning in Welsh (3.6kB)
{
"called_from": "inflection/865",
"msg": "inflection table: IF WITHOUT ELSE EVALS False: brwyn/Welsh 'radical' base_tags=set()",
"path": [
"brwyn"
],
"section": "Welsh",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "brwyn",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/865",
"msg": "inflection table: IF WITHOUT ELSE EVALS False: brwyn/Welsh 'nasal' base_tags={'error-unrecognized-form', 'soft'}",
"path": [
"brwyn"
],
"section": "Welsh",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "brwyn",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/865",
"msg": "inflection table: IF WITHOUT ELSE EVALS False: brwyn/Welsh 'aspirate' base_tags={'error-unrecognized-form', 'soft'}",
"path": [
"brwyn"
],
"section": "Welsh",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "brwyn",
"trace": ""
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Welsh dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-02-15 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-02-02 using wiktextract (ca09fec and c40eb85). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.