"annwyd" meaning in Welsh

See annwyd in All languages combined, or Wiktionary

Noun

IPA: /ˈanʊɨ̯d/ [North-Wales], /ˈanʊi̯d/ [South-Wales] Forms: anwydau [plural], anwydydd [plural], anwydon [plural], anwydion [plural]
Etymology: From an- (“un-, not”) + an unattested *wyd (“heat, passion”), the latter component from Proto-Indo-European *weh₂t- (“excited, raging”), literally "not heated or passionate". Compare Sanskrit वात (vāta, “assailed”). An earlier theory by Emile Ernault suggested a compound of an- (“intensive prefix, in-”) + gwynt (“wind”), literally “wind on”, comparing to Sanskrit वात (vāta, “wind”); however, a rhyme in the Gwasgargerdd Fyrddin yn y Bedd (The Diffused Song of Merlin in the Grave) suggests that *anwoed was the original form of the term, making Ernault's etymology less conceivable, and leading to the first etymology given above. Cognate with Middle Cornish anwos, anwys, Middle Breton anuoet, anoued. Etymology templates: {{m|cy|an-|t=un-, not}} an- (“un-, not”), {{m|cy||*wyd|t=heat, passion}} *wyd (“heat, passion”), {{der|cy|ine-pro|*weh₂t-|t=excited, raging}} Proto-Indo-European *weh₂t- (“excited, raging”), {{cog|sa|वात|t=assailed}} Sanskrit वात (vāta, “assailed”), {{glossary|compound}} compound, {{com|cy|an-|gwynt||||||||alt1=|alt10=|alt2=|alt3=|alt4=|alt5=|alt6=|alt7=|alt8=|alt9=|g1=|g10=|g2=|g3=|g4=|g5=|g6=|g7=|g8=|g9=|id1=|id10=|id2=|id3=|id4=|id5=|id6=|id7=|id8=|id9=|lang1=|lang10=|lang2=|lang3=|lang4=|lang5=|lang6=|lang7=|lang8=|lang9=|lit=wind on|nocat=|pos=|pos1=|pos10=|pos2=|pos3=|pos4=|pos5=|pos6=|pos7=|pos8=|pos9=|t1=intensive prefix, in-|t10=|t2=wind|t3=|t4=|t5=|t6=|t7=|t8=|t9=|tr1=|tr10=|tr2=|tr3=|tr4=|tr5=|tr6=|tr7=|tr8=|tr9=}} an- (“intensive prefix, in-”) + gwynt (“wind”), literally “wind on”, {{com+|cy|an-|gwynt|lit=wind on|nocap=1|t1=intensive prefix, in-|t2=wind}} compound of an- (“intensive prefix, in-”) + gwynt (“wind”), literally “wind on”, {{ncog|sa|वात|t=wind}} Sanskrit वात (vāta, “wind”), {{m|cy||*anwoed}} *anwoed, {{cog|cnx|anwos}} Middle Cornish anwos, {{m|cnx|anwys}} anwys, {{cog|xbm|anuoet}} Middle Breton anuoet, {{m|xbm|anoued}} anoued Head templates: {{cy-noun|m|anwydau|pl2=anwydydd|pl3=anwydon|pl4=anwydion}} annwyd m (plural anwydau or anwydydd or anwydon or anwydion)
  1. cold (illness) Tags: masculine
    Sense id: en-annwyd-cy-noun-POiwE6zG
  2. coldness, chill Tags: masculine
    Sense id: en-annwyd-cy-noun-dLokv8nj Categories (other): Welsh entries with incorrect language header Disambiguation of Welsh entries with incorrect language header: 13 55 32
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Related terms: oerfel, oer
Etymology number: 1

Noun

IPA: /ˈanʊɨ̯d/ [North-Wales], /ˈanʊi̯d/ [South-Wales] Forms: anwydau [plural], no-table-tags [table-tags], annwyd [mutation, mutation-radical], hannwyd [mutation, prothesis-h]
Etymology: From Middle Welsh annwyt. Etymology templates: {{inh|cy|wlm|annwyt}} Middle Welsh annwyt Head templates: {{cy-noun|m|anwydau}} annwyd m (plural anwydau) Inflection templates: {{cy-mut}}
  1. nature, disposition Tags: masculine
    Sense id: en-annwyd-cy-noun-cq5xBaNs
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Etymology number: 2

Inflected forms

Alternative forms

Download JSON data for annwyd meaning in Welsh (5.6kB)

{
  "etymology_number": 1,
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "cy",
        "2": "an-",
        "t": "un-, not"
      },
      "expansion": "an- (“un-, not”)",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "cy",
        "2": "",
        "3": "*wyd",
        "t": "heat, passion"
      },
      "expansion": "*wyd (“heat, passion”)",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "cy",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*weh₂t-",
        "t": "excited, raging"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *weh₂t- (“excited, raging”)",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sa",
        "2": "वात",
        "t": "assailed"
      },
      "expansion": "Sanskrit वात (vāta, “assailed”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "compound"
      },
      "expansion": "compound",
      "name": "glossary"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "cy",
        "10": "",
        "2": "an-",
        "3": "gwynt",
        "4": "",
        "5": "",
        "6": "",
        "7": "",
        "8": "",
        "9": "",
        "alt1": "",
        "alt10": "",
        "alt2": "",
        "alt3": "",
        "alt4": "",
        "alt5": "",
        "alt6": "",
        "alt7": "",
        "alt8": "",
        "alt9": "",
        "g1": "",
        "g10": "",
        "g2": "",
        "g3": "",
        "g4": "",
        "g5": "",
        "g6": "",
        "g7": "",
        "g8": "",
        "g9": "",
        "id1": "",
        "id10": "",
        "id2": "",
        "id3": "",
        "id4": "",
        "id5": "",
        "id6": "",
        "id7": "",
        "id8": "",
        "id9": "",
        "lang1": "",
        "lang10": "",
        "lang2": "",
        "lang3": "",
        "lang4": "",
        "lang5": "",
        "lang6": "",
        "lang7": "",
        "lang8": "",
        "lang9": "",
        "lit": "wind on",
        "nocat": "",
        "pos": "",
        "pos1": "",
        "pos10": "",
        "pos2": "",
        "pos3": "",
        "pos4": "",
        "pos5": "",
        "pos6": "",
        "pos7": "",
        "pos8": "",
        "pos9": "",
        "t1": "intensive prefix, in-",
        "t10": "",
        "t2": "wind",
        "t3": "",
        "t4": "",
        "t5": "",
        "t6": "",
        "t7": "",
        "t8": "",
        "t9": "",
        "tr1": "",
        "tr10": "",
        "tr2": "",
        "tr3": "",
        "tr4": "",
        "tr5": "",
        "tr6": "",
        "tr7": "",
        "tr8": "",
        "tr9": ""
      },
      "expansion": "an- (“intensive prefix, in-”) + gwynt (“wind”), literally “wind on”",
      "name": "com"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "cy",
        "2": "an-",
        "3": "gwynt",
        "lit": "wind on",
        "nocap": "1",
        "t1": "intensive prefix, in-",
        "t2": "wind"
      },
      "expansion": "compound of an- (“intensive prefix, in-”) + gwynt (“wind”), literally “wind on”",
      "name": "com+"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sa",
        "2": "वात",
        "t": "wind"
      },
      "expansion": "Sanskrit वात (vāta, “wind”)",
      "name": "ncog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "cy",
        "2": "",
        "3": "*anwoed"
      },
      "expansion": "*anwoed",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "cnx",
        "2": "anwos"
      },
      "expansion": "Middle Cornish anwos",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "cnx",
        "2": "anwys"
      },
      "expansion": "anwys",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "xbm",
        "2": "anuoet"
      },
      "expansion": "Middle Breton anuoet",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "xbm",
        "2": "anoued"
      },
      "expansion": "anoued",
      "name": "m"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From an- (“un-, not”) + an unattested *wyd (“heat, passion”), the latter component from Proto-Indo-European *weh₂t- (“excited, raging”), literally \"not heated or passionate\". Compare Sanskrit वात (vāta, “assailed”).\nAn earlier theory by Emile Ernault suggested a compound of an- (“intensive prefix, in-”) + gwynt (“wind”), literally “wind on”, comparing to Sanskrit वात (vāta, “wind”); however, a rhyme in the Gwasgargerdd Fyrddin yn y Bedd (The Diffused Song of Merlin in the Grave) suggests that *anwoed was the original form of the term, making Ernault's etymology less conceivable, and leading to the first etymology given above.\nCognate with Middle Cornish anwos, anwys, Middle Breton anuoet, anoued.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "anwydau",
      "tags": [
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "anwydydd",
      "tags": [
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "anwydon",
      "tags": [
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "anwydion",
      "tags": [
        "plural"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "m",
        "2": "anwydau",
        "pl2": "anwydydd",
        "pl3": "anwydon",
        "pl4": "anwydion"
      },
      "expansion": "annwyd m (plural anwydau or anwydydd or anwydon or anwydion)",
      "name": "cy-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Welsh",
  "lang_code": "cy",
  "pos": "noun",
  "related": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "oerfel"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "oer"
    }
  ],
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "I have a cold. (literally, “There is a cold upon me.”)",
          "text": "Mae annwyd arna i.",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "cold (illness)"
      ],
      "id": "en-annwyd-cy-noun-POiwE6zG",
      "links": [
        [
          "cold",
          "cold"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "13 55 32",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Welsh entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "coldness, chill"
      ],
      "id": "en-annwyd-cy-noun-dLokv8nj",
      "links": [
        [
          "coldness",
          "coldness"
        ],
        [
          "chill",
          "chill"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈanʊɨ̯d/",
      "tags": [
        "North-Wales"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈanʊi̯d/",
      "tags": [
        "South-Wales"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "wikipedia": [
    "Gwenddydd#Early_Welsh_verse"
  ],
  "word": "annwyd"
}

{
  "etymology_number": 2,
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "cy",
        "2": "wlm",
        "3": "annwyt"
      },
      "expansion": "Middle Welsh annwyt",
      "name": "inh"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Middle Welsh annwyt.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "anwydau",
      "tags": [
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "mutation",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "cy-mut",
      "source": "mutation",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "annwyd",
      "source": "mutation",
      "tags": [
        "mutation",
        "mutation-radical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hannwyd",
      "source": "mutation",
      "tags": [
        "mutation",
        "prothesis-h"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "m",
        "2": "anwydau"
      },
      "expansion": "annwyd m (plural anwydau)",
      "name": "cy-noun"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
      "name": "cy-mut"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Welsh",
  "lang_code": "cy",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "nature, disposition"
      ],
      "id": "en-annwyd-cy-noun-cq5xBaNs",
      "links": [
        [
          "nature",
          "nature"
        ],
        [
          "disposition",
          "disposition"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈanʊɨ̯d/",
      "tags": [
        "North-Wales"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈanʊi̯d/",
      "tags": [
        "South-Wales"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "annwyd"
}

{
  "categories": [
    "Welsh compound terms",
    "Welsh countable nouns",
    "Welsh entries with incorrect language header",
    "Welsh lemmas",
    "Welsh masculine nouns",
    "Welsh nouns",
    "Welsh nouns with red links in their headword lines",
    "Welsh terms derived from Middle Welsh",
    "Welsh terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
    "Welsh terms inherited from Middle Welsh",
    "Welsh terms with IPA pronunciation"
  ],
  "etymology_number": 1,
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "cy",
        "2": "an-",
        "t": "un-, not"
      },
      "expansion": "an- (“un-, not”)",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "cy",
        "2": "",
        "3": "*wyd",
        "t": "heat, passion"
      },
      "expansion": "*wyd (“heat, passion”)",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "cy",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*weh₂t-",
        "t": "excited, raging"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *weh₂t- (“excited, raging”)",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sa",
        "2": "वात",
        "t": "assailed"
      },
      "expansion": "Sanskrit वात (vāta, “assailed”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "compound"
      },
      "expansion": "compound",
      "name": "glossary"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "cy",
        "10": "",
        "2": "an-",
        "3": "gwynt",
        "4": "",
        "5": "",
        "6": "",
        "7": "",
        "8": "",
        "9": "",
        "alt1": "",
        "alt10": "",
        "alt2": "",
        "alt3": "",
        "alt4": "",
        "alt5": "",
        "alt6": "",
        "alt7": "",
        "alt8": "",
        "alt9": "",
        "g1": "",
        "g10": "",
        "g2": "",
        "g3": "",
        "g4": "",
        "g5": "",
        "g6": "",
        "g7": "",
        "g8": "",
        "g9": "",
        "id1": "",
        "id10": "",
        "id2": "",
        "id3": "",
        "id4": "",
        "id5": "",
        "id6": "",
        "id7": "",
        "id8": "",
        "id9": "",
        "lang1": "",
        "lang10": "",
        "lang2": "",
        "lang3": "",
        "lang4": "",
        "lang5": "",
        "lang6": "",
        "lang7": "",
        "lang8": "",
        "lang9": "",
        "lit": "wind on",
        "nocat": "",
        "pos": "",
        "pos1": "",
        "pos10": "",
        "pos2": "",
        "pos3": "",
        "pos4": "",
        "pos5": "",
        "pos6": "",
        "pos7": "",
        "pos8": "",
        "pos9": "",
        "t1": "intensive prefix, in-",
        "t10": "",
        "t2": "wind",
        "t3": "",
        "t4": "",
        "t5": "",
        "t6": "",
        "t7": "",
        "t8": "",
        "t9": "",
        "tr1": "",
        "tr10": "",
        "tr2": "",
        "tr3": "",
        "tr4": "",
        "tr5": "",
        "tr6": "",
        "tr7": "",
        "tr8": "",
        "tr9": ""
      },
      "expansion": "an- (“intensive prefix, in-”) + gwynt (“wind”), literally “wind on”",
      "name": "com"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "cy",
        "2": "an-",
        "3": "gwynt",
        "lit": "wind on",
        "nocap": "1",
        "t1": "intensive prefix, in-",
        "t2": "wind"
      },
      "expansion": "compound of an- (“intensive prefix, in-”) + gwynt (“wind”), literally “wind on”",
      "name": "com+"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sa",
        "2": "वात",
        "t": "wind"
      },
      "expansion": "Sanskrit वात (vāta, “wind”)",
      "name": "ncog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "cy",
        "2": "",
        "3": "*anwoed"
      },
      "expansion": "*anwoed",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "cnx",
        "2": "anwos"
      },
      "expansion": "Middle Cornish anwos",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "cnx",
        "2": "anwys"
      },
      "expansion": "anwys",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "xbm",
        "2": "anuoet"
      },
      "expansion": "Middle Breton anuoet",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "xbm",
        "2": "anoued"
      },
      "expansion": "anoued",
      "name": "m"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From an- (“un-, not”) + an unattested *wyd (“heat, passion”), the latter component from Proto-Indo-European *weh₂t- (“excited, raging”), literally \"not heated or passionate\". Compare Sanskrit वात (vāta, “assailed”).\nAn earlier theory by Emile Ernault suggested a compound of an- (“intensive prefix, in-”) + gwynt (“wind”), literally “wind on”, comparing to Sanskrit वात (vāta, “wind”); however, a rhyme in the Gwasgargerdd Fyrddin yn y Bedd (The Diffused Song of Merlin in the Grave) suggests that *anwoed was the original form of the term, making Ernault's etymology less conceivable, and leading to the first etymology given above.\nCognate with Middle Cornish anwos, anwys, Middle Breton anuoet, anoued.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "anwydau",
      "tags": [
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "anwydydd",
      "tags": [
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "anwydon",
      "tags": [
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "anwydion",
      "tags": [
        "plural"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "m",
        "2": "anwydau",
        "pl2": "anwydydd",
        "pl3": "anwydon",
        "pl4": "anwydion"
      },
      "expansion": "annwyd m (plural anwydau or anwydydd or anwydon or anwydion)",
      "name": "cy-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Welsh",
  "lang_code": "cy",
  "pos": "noun",
  "related": [
    {
      "word": "oerfel"
    },
    {
      "word": "oer"
    }
  ],
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "Welsh terms with usage examples"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "I have a cold. (literally, “There is a cold upon me.”)",
          "text": "Mae annwyd arna i.",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "cold (illness)"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "cold",
          "cold"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "coldness, chill"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "coldness",
          "coldness"
        ],
        [
          "chill",
          "chill"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈanʊɨ̯d/",
      "tags": [
        "North-Wales"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈanʊi̯d/",
      "tags": [
        "South-Wales"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "wikipedia": [
    "Gwenddydd#Early_Welsh_verse"
  ],
  "word": "annwyd"
}

{
  "categories": [
    "Welsh countable nouns",
    "Welsh entries with incorrect language header",
    "Welsh lemmas",
    "Welsh masculine nouns",
    "Welsh nouns",
    "Welsh terms derived from Middle Welsh",
    "Welsh terms inherited from Middle Welsh",
    "Welsh terms with IPA pronunciation"
  ],
  "etymology_number": 2,
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "cy",
        "2": "wlm",
        "3": "annwyt"
      },
      "expansion": "Middle Welsh annwyt",
      "name": "inh"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Middle Welsh annwyt.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "anwydau",
      "tags": [
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "mutation",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "cy-mut",
      "source": "mutation",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "annwyd",
      "source": "mutation",
      "tags": [
        "mutation",
        "mutation-radical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hannwyd",
      "source": "mutation",
      "tags": [
        "mutation",
        "prothesis-h"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "m",
        "2": "anwydau"
      },
      "expansion": "annwyd m (plural anwydau)",
      "name": "cy-noun"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
      "name": "cy-mut"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Welsh",
  "lang_code": "cy",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "nature, disposition"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "nature",
          "nature"
        ],
        [
          "disposition",
          "disposition"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈanʊɨ̯d/",
      "tags": [
        "North-Wales"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈanʊi̯d/",
      "tags": [
        "South-Wales"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "annwyd"
}

This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Welsh dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-04-26 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-04-21 using wiktextract (93a6c53 and 21a9316). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.