"khắc nghiệt" meaning in Vietnamese

See khắc nghiệt in All languages combined, or Wiktionary

Adjective

IPA: [xak̚˧˦ ŋiət̚˧˨ʔ] [Hà-Nội], [kʰak̚˦˧˥ ŋiək̚˨˩ʔ] [Huế], [xak̚˦˧˥ ŋiək̚˨˩ʔ] [Huế], [kʰak̚˦˥ ŋiək̚˨˩˨] (note: Saigon), [xak̚˦˥ ŋiək̚˨˩˨] (note: Saigon)
Etymology: Sino-Vietnamese word from 刻 and 孽. Etymology templates: {{categorize|vi|Sino-Vietnamese words}}, {{vi-etym-sino|刻||孽}} Sino-Vietnamese word from 刻 and 孽 Head templates: {{head|vi|adjective|||||||head=|tr=}} khắc nghiệt, {{vi-adj}} khắc nghiệt
  1. harsh, inclement

Download JSON data for khắc nghiệt meaning in Vietnamese (1.6kB)

{
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "vi",
        "2": "Sino-Vietnamese words"
      },
      "expansion": "",
      "name": "categorize"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "刻",
        "2": "",
        "3": "孽"
      },
      "expansion": "Sino-Vietnamese word from 刻 and 孽",
      "name": "vi-etym-sino"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Sino-Vietnamese word from 刻 and 孽.",
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "vi",
        "2": "adjective",
        "3": "",
        "4": "",
        "5": "",
        "6": "",
        "7": "",
        "8": "",
        "head": "",
        "tr": ""
      },
      "expansion": "khắc nghiệt",
      "name": "head"
    },
    {
      "args": {},
      "expansion": "khắc nghiệt",
      "name": "vi-adj"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Vietnamese",
  "lang_code": "vi",
  "pos": "adj",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Sino-Vietnamese words",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Sino-Vietnamese words with uncreated Han etymology",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Vietnamese entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        }
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "the harsh winter at the Republic of Sakha",
          "text": "mùa đông khắc nghiệt ở Cộng hoà Sakha",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "harsh, inclement"
      ],
      "id": "en-khắc_nghiệt-vi-adj-7xWr4bjG",
      "links": [
        [
          "harsh",
          "harsh"
        ],
        [
          "inclement",
          "inclement"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "[xak̚˧˦ ŋiət̚˧˨ʔ]",
      "tags": [
        "Hà-Nội"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[kʰak̚˦˧˥ ŋiək̚˨˩ʔ]",
      "tags": [
        "Huế"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[xak̚˦˧˥ ŋiək̚˨˩ʔ]",
      "tags": [
        "Huế"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[kʰak̚˦˥ ŋiək̚˨˩˨]",
      "note": "Saigon"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[xak̚˦˥ ŋiək̚˨˩˨]",
      "note": "Saigon"
    }
  ],
  "word": "khắc nghiệt"
}
{
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "vi",
        "2": "Sino-Vietnamese words"
      },
      "expansion": "",
      "name": "categorize"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "刻",
        "2": "",
        "3": "孽"
      },
      "expansion": "Sino-Vietnamese word from 刻 and 孽",
      "name": "vi-etym-sino"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Sino-Vietnamese word from 刻 and 孽.",
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "vi",
        "2": "adjective",
        "3": "",
        "4": "",
        "5": "",
        "6": "",
        "7": "",
        "8": "",
        "head": "",
        "tr": ""
      },
      "expansion": "khắc nghiệt",
      "name": "head"
    },
    {
      "args": {},
      "expansion": "khắc nghiệt",
      "name": "vi-adj"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Vietnamese",
  "lang_code": "vi",
  "pos": "adj",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "IPA pronunciations with invalid IPA characters",
        "Sino-Vietnamese words",
        "Sino-Vietnamese words with uncreated Han etymology",
        "Vietnamese adjectives",
        "Vietnamese entries with incorrect language header",
        "Vietnamese lemmas",
        "Vietnamese terms with IPA pronunciation",
        "Vietnamese terms with usage examples"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "the harsh winter at the Republic of Sakha",
          "text": "mùa đông khắc nghiệt ở Cộng hoà Sakha",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "harsh, inclement"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "harsh",
          "harsh"
        ],
        [
          "inclement",
          "inclement"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "[xak̚˧˦ ŋiət̚˧˨ʔ]",
      "tags": [
        "Hà-Nội"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[kʰak̚˦˧˥ ŋiək̚˨˩ʔ]",
      "tags": [
        "Huế"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[xak̚˦˧˥ ŋiək̚˨˩ʔ]",
      "tags": [
        "Huế"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[kʰak̚˦˥ ŋiək̚˨˩˨]",
      "note": "Saigon"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[xak̚˦˥ ŋiək̚˨˩˨]",
      "note": "Saigon"
    }
  ],
  "word": "khắc nghiệt"
}
{
  "called_from": "parser/1336",
  "msg": "no corresponding start tag found for </span>",
  "path": [
    "khắc nghiệt"
  ],
  "section": "Vietnamese",
  "subsection": "",
  "title": "khắc nghiệt",
  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "parser/1336",
  "msg": "no corresponding start tag found for </span>",
  "path": [
    "khắc nghiệt"
  ],
  "section": "Vietnamese",
  "subsection": "",
  "title": "khắc nghiệt",
  "trace": ""
}

This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Vietnamese dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-06-19 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-06-06 using wiktextract (372f256 and 664a3bc). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.