khắc nghiệt in Vietnamese

IPA: [xak̚˧˦ ŋiət̚˧˨ʔ] [Hà-Nội], [kʰak̚˦˧˥ ŋiək̚˨˩ʔ] [Huế], [xak̚˦˧˥ ŋiək̚˨˩ʔ] [Huế], [kʰak̚˦˥ ŋiək̚˨˩˨] (note: Saigon), [xak̚˦˥ ŋiək̚˨˩˨] (note: Saigon) [Show additional information ▼] [Hide additional information ▲]

Etymology: Sino-Vietnamese word from 刻 and 孽. Etymology templates: {{categorize|vi|Sino-Vietnamese words}}, {{vi-etym-sino|刻||孽}} Sino-Vietnamese word from 刻 and 孽 Head templates: {{head|vi|adjective|||||||head=|tr=}} khắc nghiệt, {{vi-adj}} khắc nghiệt

[Show JSON for post-processed kaikki.org data shown on this page ▼] [Hide JSON for post-processed kaikki.org data shown on this page ▲]

{
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "vi",
        "2": "Sino-Vietnamese words"
      },
      "expansion": "",
      "name": "categorize"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "刻",
        "2": "",
        "3": "孽"
      },
      "expansion": "Sino-Vietnamese word from 刻 and 孽",
      "name": "vi-etym-sino"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Sino-Vietnamese word from 刻 and 孽.",
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "vi",
        "2": "adjective",
        "3": "",
        "4": "",
        "5": "",
        "6": "",
        "7": "",
        "8": "",
        "head": "",
        "tr": ""
      },
      "expansion": "khắc nghiệt",
      "name": "head"
    },
    {
      "args": {},
      "expansion": "khắc nghiệt",
      "name": "vi-adj"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Vietnamese",
  "lang_code": "vi",
  "pos": "adj",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Sino-Vietnamese words",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Sino-Vietnamese words with uncreated Han etymology",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Vietnamese entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        }
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "the harsh winter at the Republic of Sakha",
          "text": "mùa đông khắc nghiệt ở Cộng hoà Sakha",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "harsh, inclement"
      ],
      "id": "en-khắc_nghiệt-vi-adj-7xWr4bjG",
      "links": [
        [
          "harsh",
          "harsh"
        ],
        [
          "inclement",
          "inclement"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "[xak̚˧˦ ŋiət̚˧˨ʔ]",
      "tags": [
        "Hà-Nội"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[kʰak̚˦˧˥ ŋiək̚˨˩ʔ]",
      "tags": [
        "Huế"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[xak̚˦˧˥ ŋiək̚˨˩ʔ]",
      "tags": [
        "Huế"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[kʰak̚˦˥ ŋiək̚˨˩˨]",
      "note": "Saigon"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[xak̚˦˥ ŋiək̚˨˩˨]",
      "note": "Saigon"
    }
  ],
  "word": "khắc nghiệt"
}

[Show JSON for raw wiktextract data ▼] [Hide JSON for raw wiktextract data ▲]

{
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "vi",
        "2": "Sino-Vietnamese words"
      },
      "expansion": "",
      "name": "categorize"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "刻",
        "2": "",
        "3": "孽"
      },
      "expansion": "Sino-Vietnamese word from 刻 and 孽",
      "name": "vi-etym-sino"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Sino-Vietnamese word from 刻 and 孽.",
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "vi",
        "2": "adjective",
        "3": "",
        "4": "",
        "5": "",
        "6": "",
        "7": "",
        "8": "",
        "head": "",
        "tr": ""
      },
      "expansion": "khắc nghiệt",
      "name": "head"
    },
    {
      "args": {},
      "expansion": "khắc nghiệt",
      "name": "vi-adj"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Vietnamese",
  "lang_code": "vi",
  "pos": "adj",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "Sino-Vietnamese words",
        "Sino-Vietnamese words with uncreated Han etymology",
        "Vietnamese adjectives",
        "Vietnamese entries with incorrect language header",
        "Vietnamese lemmas",
        "Vietnamese terms with IPA pronunciation",
        "Vietnamese terms with usage examples"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "the harsh winter at the Republic of Sakha",
          "text": "mùa đông khắc nghiệt ở Cộng hoà Sakha",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "harsh, inclement"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "harsh",
          "harsh"
        ],
        [
          "inclement",
          "inclement"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "[xak̚˧˦ ŋiət̚˧˨ʔ]",
      "tags": [
        "Hà-Nội"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[kʰak̚˦˧˥ ŋiək̚˨˩ʔ]",
      "tags": [
        "Huế"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[xak̚˦˧˥ ŋiək̚˨˩ʔ]",
      "tags": [
        "Huế"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[kʰak̚˦˥ ŋiək̚˨˩˨]",
      "note": "Saigon"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[xak̚˦˥ ŋiək̚˨˩˨]",
      "note": "Saigon"
    }
  ],
  "word": "khắc nghiệt"
}

This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Vietnamese dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-06-23 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-06-20 using wiktextract (1b9bfc5 and 0136956). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.

"khắc nghiệt" meaning in Vietnamese

Adjective