See кум in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "uk",
"2": "sla-pro",
"3": "*kumъ"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Slavic *kumъ",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "*kuma",
"gloss": "godmother",
"nocap": "1",
"nocat": "1"
},
"expansion": "back-formation from *kuma (“godmother”)",
"name": "back-form"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "uk",
"2": "VL.",
"3": "*cómmater"
},
"expansion": "Vulgar Latin *cómmater",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "uk",
"2": "la",
"3": "compater",
"gloss": "godfather"
},
"expansion": "Latin compater (“godfather”)",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Slavic *kumъ, back-formation from *kuma (“godmother”) (whence also кума́ (kumá)), from Balkan Vulgar Latin *cómmater, from Latin compater (“godfather”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "kum",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "ку́ма",
"tags": [
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "ку́ми",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ку́мів",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "кума́",
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
},
{
"form": "кумі́вський",
"tags": [
"adjective",
"relational"
]
},
{
"form": "ку́мів",
"tags": [
"adjective",
"relational"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "uk-ndecl",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "кум",
"roman": "kum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ку́ми",
"roman": "kúmy",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ку́ма",
"roman": "kúma",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ку́мів",
"roman": "kúmiv",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ку́мові",
"roman": "kúmovi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ку́му",
"roman": "kúmu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ку́мам",
"roman": "kúmam",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ку́ма",
"roman": "kúma",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ку́мів",
"roman": "kúmiv",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ку́мом",
"roman": "kúmom",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ку́мами",
"roman": "kúmamy",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ку́мові",
"roman": "kúmovi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ку́мі",
"roman": "kúmi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ку́мах",
"roman": "kúmax",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ку́ме",
"roman": "kúme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "ку́ми",
"roman": "kúmy",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "кум<pr>",
"adj": "кумі́вський",
"adj2": "ку́мів",
"f": "кума́"
},
"expansion": "кум • (kum) m pers (genitive ку́ма, nominative plural ку́ми, genitive plural ку́мів, feminine кума́, relational adjective кумі́вський or ку́мів)",
"name": "uk-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "кум<pr>"
},
"name": "uk-ndecl"
}
],
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"lang_code": "uk",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"roman": "kumívstvo",
"word": "кумі́вство"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"roman": "xreščéna máty",
"word": "хреще́на ма́ти"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"roman": "xreščéna dočká",
"word": "хреще́на дочка́"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"roman": "xreščényj bátʹko",
"word": "хреще́ний ба́тько"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"roman": "xreščényj syn",
"word": "хреще́ний син"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "27 19 25 29",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Ukrainian nouns with accent pattern a",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "52 9 11 9 10 9",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "uk",
"name": "Christianity",
"orig": "uk:Christianity",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"godfather of one's child"
],
"id": "en-кум-uk-noun-l2mqY~i2",
"links": [
[
"godfather",
"godfather"
],
[
"of",
"of"
],
[
"child",
"child"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "27 19 25 29",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Ukrainian nouns with accent pattern a",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"father of one's godchild"
],
"id": "en-кум-uk-noun-A10toZwZ",
"links": [
[
"father",
"father"
],
[
"of",
"of"
],
[
"godchild",
"godchild"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "8 3 63 12 8 7",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Ukrainian entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "27 19 25 29",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Ukrainian nouns with accent pattern a",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "5 4 73 6 6 6",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Ukrainian terms of address",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "10 14 58 6 6 6",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "uk",
"name": "Male family members",
"orig": "uk:Male family members",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "12 0 86 0 1 1",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "uk",
"name": "Male people",
"orig": "uk:Male people",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"man, fellow (form of address to a middle-aged or elderly man)"
],
"id": "en-кум-uk-noun-~ksJMRJZ",
"links": [
[
"man",
"man"
],
[
"fellow",
"fellow"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(colloquial) man, fellow (form of address to a middle-aged or elderly man)"
],
"tags": [
"colloquial"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "27 19 25 29",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Ukrainian nouns with accent pattern a",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "22 5 11 37 16 9",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "uk",
"name": "Wolves",
"orig": "uk:Wolves",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"used as an epithet for a wolf"
],
"id": "en-кум-uk-noun-BrpXlhU3",
"links": [
[
"epithet",
"epithet#English"
],
[
"wolf",
"wolf#English"
]
],
"qualifier": "folk poetic",
"raw_glosses": [
"(folk poetic) used as an epithet for a wolf"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[kum]"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"uk:кум"
],
"word": "кум"
}
{
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "uk"
},
"expansion": "Onomatopoeic",
"name": "onomatopoeic"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Onomatopoeic",
"forms": [
{
"form": "kum",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "кум-ку́м",
"roman": "kum-kúm",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "uk",
"2": "interjection"
},
"expansion": "кум • (kum)",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"lang_code": "uk",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "17 6 11 15 43 8",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "uk",
"name": "Animal sounds",
"orig": "uk:Animal sounds",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Ukrainian onomatopoeias",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"derived": [
{
"roman": "kúmkaty",
"word": "ку́мкати"
}
],
"glosses": [
"sound of a frog, ribbit"
],
"id": "en-кум-uk-noun-Gp0~HF7C",
"links": [
[
"ribbit",
"ribbit"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[kum]"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"uk:кум"
],
"word": "кум"
}
{
"etymology_number": 3,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.",
"name": "nonlemma"
}
],
"etymology_text": "See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "kum",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "uk",
"2": "noun form",
"g": "f-pr-p"
},
"expansion": "кум • (kum) f pers pl",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"lang_code": "uk",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"form_of": [
{
"extra": "kumá",
"word": "кума́"
}
],
"glosses": [
"genitive/accusative plural of кума́ (kumá)"
],
"id": "en-кум-uk-noun-mIASmSxY",
"links": [
[
"кума́",
"кума#Ukrainian"
]
],
"tags": [
"accusative",
"form-of",
"genitive",
"plural"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[kum]"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"uk:кум"
],
"word": "кум"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 10 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Ukrainian entries with incorrect language header",
"Ukrainian hard masculine-form accent-a nouns",
"Ukrainian hard masculine-form nouns",
"Ukrainian lemmas",
"Ukrainian masculine nouns",
"Ukrainian non-lemma forms",
"Ukrainian noun forms",
"Ukrainian nouns",
"Ukrainian nouns with accent pattern a",
"Ukrainian personal nouns",
"Ukrainian terms derived from Latin",
"Ukrainian terms derived from Proto-Slavic",
"Ukrainian terms derived from Vulgar Latin",
"Ukrainian terms inherited from Proto-Slavic",
"Ukrainian terms of address",
"Ukrainian terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Ukrainian terms with redundant head parameter",
"uk:Animal sounds",
"uk:Christianity",
"uk:Male family members",
"uk:Male people",
"uk:Wolves"
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "uk",
"2": "sla-pro",
"3": "*kumъ"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Slavic *kumъ",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "*kuma",
"gloss": "godmother",
"nocap": "1",
"nocat": "1"
},
"expansion": "back-formation from *kuma (“godmother”)",
"name": "back-form"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "uk",
"2": "VL.",
"3": "*cómmater"
},
"expansion": "Vulgar Latin *cómmater",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "uk",
"2": "la",
"3": "compater",
"gloss": "godfather"
},
"expansion": "Latin compater (“godfather”)",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Slavic *kumъ, back-formation from *kuma (“godmother”) (whence also кума́ (kumá)), from Balkan Vulgar Latin *cómmater, from Latin compater (“godfather”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "kum",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "ку́ма",
"tags": [
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "ку́ми",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ку́мів",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "кума́",
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
},
{
"form": "кумі́вський",
"tags": [
"adjective",
"relational"
]
},
{
"form": "ку́мів",
"tags": [
"adjective",
"relational"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "uk-ndecl",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "кум",
"roman": "kum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ку́ми",
"roman": "kúmy",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ку́ма",
"roman": "kúma",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ку́мів",
"roman": "kúmiv",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ку́мові",
"roman": "kúmovi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ку́му",
"roman": "kúmu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ку́мам",
"roman": "kúmam",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ку́ма",
"roman": "kúma",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ку́мів",
"roman": "kúmiv",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ку́мом",
"roman": "kúmom",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ку́мами",
"roman": "kúmamy",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ку́мові",
"roman": "kúmovi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ку́мі",
"roman": "kúmi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ку́мах",
"roman": "kúmax",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ку́ме",
"roman": "kúme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "ку́ми",
"roman": "kúmy",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "кум<pr>",
"adj": "кумі́вський",
"adj2": "ку́мів",
"f": "кума́"
},
"expansion": "кум • (kum) m pers (genitive ку́ма, nominative plural ку́ми, genitive plural ку́мів, feminine кума́, relational adjective кумі́вський or ку́мів)",
"name": "uk-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "кум<pr>"
},
"name": "uk-ndecl"
}
],
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"lang_code": "uk",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"roman": "kumívstvo",
"word": "кумі́вство"
},
{
"roman": "xreščéna máty",
"word": "хреще́на ма́ти"
},
{
"roman": "xreščéna dočká",
"word": "хреще́на дочка́"
},
{
"roman": "xreščényj bátʹko",
"word": "хреще́ний ба́тько"
},
{
"roman": "xreščényj syn",
"word": "хреще́ний син"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"godfather of one's child"
],
"links": [
[
"godfather",
"godfather"
],
[
"of",
"of"
],
[
"child",
"child"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"father of one's godchild"
],
"links": [
[
"father",
"father"
],
[
"of",
"of"
],
[
"godchild",
"godchild"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Ukrainian colloquialisms"
],
"glosses": [
"man, fellow (form of address to a middle-aged or elderly man)"
],
"links": [
[
"man",
"man"
],
[
"fellow",
"fellow"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(colloquial) man, fellow (form of address to a middle-aged or elderly man)"
],
"tags": [
"colloquial"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Ukrainian folk poetic terms",
"Ukrainian poetic terms"
],
"glosses": [
"used as an epithet for a wolf"
],
"links": [
[
"epithet",
"epithet#English"
],
[
"wolf",
"wolf#English"
]
],
"qualifier": "folk poetic",
"raw_glosses": [
"(folk poetic) used as an epithet for a wolf"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[kum]"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"uk:кум"
],
"word": "кум"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 10 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Ukrainian entries with incorrect language header",
"Ukrainian interjections",
"Ukrainian lemmas",
"Ukrainian non-lemma forms",
"Ukrainian noun forms",
"Ukrainian onomatopoeias",
"Ukrainian terms of address",
"Ukrainian terms with IPA pronunciation",
"uk:Animal sounds",
"uk:Christianity",
"uk:Male family members",
"uk:Male people",
"uk:Wolves"
],
"derived": [
{
"roman": "kúmkaty",
"word": "ку́мкати"
}
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "uk"
},
"expansion": "Onomatopoeic",
"name": "onomatopoeic"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Onomatopoeic",
"forms": [
{
"form": "kum",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "кум-ку́м",
"roman": "kum-kúm",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "uk",
"2": "interjection"
},
"expansion": "кум • (kum)",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"lang_code": "uk",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"sound of a frog, ribbit"
],
"links": [
[
"ribbit",
"ribbit"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[kum]"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"uk:кум"
],
"word": "кум"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 10 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Ukrainian entries with incorrect language header",
"Ukrainian non-lemma forms",
"Ukrainian noun forms",
"Ukrainian terms of address",
"Ukrainian terms with IPA pronunciation",
"uk:Animal sounds",
"uk:Christianity",
"uk:Male family members",
"uk:Male people",
"uk:Wolves"
],
"etymology_number": 3,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.",
"name": "nonlemma"
}
],
"etymology_text": "See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "kum",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "uk",
"2": "noun form",
"g": "f-pr-p"
},
"expansion": "кум • (kum) f pers pl",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"lang_code": "uk",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"form_of": [
{
"extra": "kumá",
"word": "кума́"
}
],
"glosses": [
"genitive/accusative plural of кума́ (kumá)"
],
"links": [
[
"кума́",
"кума#Ukrainian"
]
],
"tags": [
"accusative",
"form-of",
"genitive",
"plural"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[kum]"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"uk:кум"
],
"word": "кум"
}
Download raw JSONL data for кум meaning in Ukrainian (7.5kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Ukrainian dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-06-13 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-06-01 using wiktextract (9c82c1c and f1c2b61). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.