See -leş in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"etymology_links": [
[
"-le",
"-le#Turkish"
],
[
"*-iĺč",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Turkic/-iĺč"
],
[
"ـش",
"ش#Old_Anatolian_Turkish"
],
[
"ـش",
"ـش#Ottoman_Turkish"
],
[
"-ş",
"-iş#Turkish:_reciprocal"
],
[
"-le",
"-le#Turkish"
],
[
"-ş",
"-iş#Turkish:_reciprocal"
]
],
"etymology_number": "1",
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "tr",
"2": ":af",
"3": "-le<pos:verbalizing suffix>",
"4": "-iş<pos:reciprocal suffix><alt:-ş><id:reciprocal>",
"text": "+",
"tree": "1"
},
"expansion": "Etymology tree\nTurkish -le\nProto-Turkic *-iĺč\nOld Anatolian Turkish ـش (-iş)\nOttoman Turkish ـش (-iş)\nTurkish -ş\nTurkish -leş\n[Appendix:Glossary#inherited|Inherited]] from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Old Anatolian Turkish\", \"term\" : \"ـش\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"lang\" : \"trk-oat\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Ottoman Turkish\", \"term\" : \"ـش\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"lang\" : \"ota\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Turkish\", \"term\" : \"-iş\", \"lang\" : \"tr\", \"pos\" : \"reciprocal suffix\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Turkish\", \"term\" : \"-leş\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"tr\" }\" data-lang=\"tr\" data-title=\"-leş\">\nFrom -le (verbalizing suffix) + -ş (reciprocal suffix).",
"name": "ety"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "tr",
"2": ":af",
"3": "-le<pos:verbalizing suffix>",
"4": "-iş<pos:reciprocal suffix><alt:-ş><id:reciprocal>",
"text": "+",
"tree": "1"
},
"expansion": "Etymology tree\nTurkish -le\nProto-Turkic *-iĺč\nOld Anatolian Turkish ـش (-iş)\nOttoman Turkish ـش (-iş)\nTurkish -ş\nTurkish -leş\nFrom -le (verbalizing suffix) + -ş (reciprocal suffix).",
"name": "ety"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Etymology tree\nTurkish -le\nProto-Turkic *-iĺč\nOld Anatolian Turkish ـش (-iş)\nOttoman Turkish ـش (-iş)\nTurkish -ş\nTurkish -leş\nFrom -le (verbalizing suffix) + -ş (reciprocal suffix).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "Floating Div",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "tr-suffix-forms",
"source": "Floating Div",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "-laş",
"source": "Floating Div",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "-leş",
"source": "Floating Div",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "tr",
"2": "suffix"
},
"expansion": "-leş",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Turkish",
"lang_code": "tr",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "49 51",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages using catfix",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "49 51",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages using etymon with no ID",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "56 44",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "69 31",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "68 32",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with etymology trees",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "74 26",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with etymon",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "72 28",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Turkish entries referencing ambiguous etymons",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "65 35",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Turkish entries with etymology texts",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "65 35",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Turkish entries with etymology trees",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "76 24",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Turkish entries with etymon",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "63 37",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Turkish entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Turkish terms suffixed with -iş (reciprocal)",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "58 42",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Turkish terms suffixed with -iş (reflexive)",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "53 47",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Turkish terms suffixed with -le",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "haber (“news”) + -leş → haberleşmek (“to communicate, to get news from one another”)"
},
{
"text": "mahkeme (“court”) + -leş → mahkemeleşmek (“to sue one another, to litigate”)"
},
{
"text": "karşı (“across”) + -leş → karşılaşmak (“to encounter, to run into, to come across one another”)"
},
{
"text": "mesaj (“message, text”) + -leş → mesajlaşmak (“to text one another”)"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Suffix forming reciprocal verbs from nouns."
],
"id": "en--leş-tr-suffix-tr:reciprocal",
"senseid": [
"tr:reciprocal"
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈ-leʃ/"
}
],
"word": "-leş"
}
{
"etymology_links": [
[
"-le",
"-le#Turkish"
],
[
"*-iĺč",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Turkic/-iĺč"
],
[
"ـش",
"ش#Old_Anatolian_Turkish"
],
[
"ـش",
"ـش#Ottoman_Turkish"
],
[
"-ş",
"-iş#Turkish:_reflexive"
],
[
"-le",
"-le#Turkish"
],
[
"-ş",
"-iş#Turkish:_reflexive"
]
],
"etymology_number": "2",
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "tr",
"2": ":af",
"3": "-le<pos:verbalizing suffix>",
"4": "-iş<pos:reflexive suffix><alt:-ş><id:reflexive>",
"text": "+",
"tree": "1"
},
"expansion": "Etymology tree\nTurkish -le\nProto-Turkic *-iĺč\nOld Anatolian Turkish ـش (-iş)\nOttoman Turkish ـش (-iş)\nTurkish -ş\nTurkish -leş\n[Appendix:Glossary#inherited|Inherited]] from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Old Anatolian Turkish\", \"term\" : \"ـش\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"lang\" : \"trk-oat\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Ottoman Turkish\", \"term\" : \"ـش\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"lang\" : \"ota\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Turkish\", \"term\" : \"-iş\", \"lang\" : \"tr\", \"pos\" : \"reflexive suffix\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Turkish\", \"term\" : \"-leş\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"tr\" }\" data-lang=\"tr\" data-title=\"-leş\">\nFrom -le (verbalizing suffix) + -ş (reflexive suffix).",
"name": "ety"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "tr",
"2": ":af",
"3": "-le<pos:verbalizing suffix>",
"4": "-iş<pos:reflexive suffix><alt:-ş><id:reflexive>",
"text": "+",
"tree": "1"
},
"expansion": "Etymology tree\nTurkish -le\nProto-Turkic *-iĺč\nOld Anatolian Turkish ـش (-iş)\nOttoman Turkish ـش (-iş)\nTurkish -ş\nTurkish -leş\nFrom -le (verbalizing suffix) + -ş (reflexive suffix).",
"name": "ety"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Etymology tree\nTurkish -le\nProto-Turkic *-iĺč\nOld Anatolian Turkish ـش (-iş)\nOttoman Turkish ـش (-iş)\nTurkish -ş\nTurkish -leş\nFrom -le (verbalizing suffix) + -ş (reflexive suffix).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "Floating Div",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "tr-suffix-forms",
"source": "Floating Div",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "-laş",
"source": "Floating Div",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "-leş",
"source": "Floating Div",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "tr",
"2": "suffix"
},
"expansion": "-leş",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Turkish",
"lang_code": "tr",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "49 51",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages using catfix",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "49 51",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages using etymon with no ID",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "53 47",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Turkish terms suffixed with -le",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "yer (“place”) + -leş → yerleşmek (“to settle down”)"
},
{
"text": "gen (“wide”) + -leş → genleşmek (“to expand”)"
},
{
"text": "bir (“one”) + -leş → birleşmek (“to unite”)"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Suffix forming verbs meaning \"to become\" from adjectives or nouns."
],
"id": "en--leş-tr-suffix-tr:become",
"links": [
[
"become",
"become#English"
]
],
"senseid": [
"tr:become"
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈ-leʃ/"
}
],
"word": "-leş"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages using catfix",
"Pages using etymon with no ID",
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Pages with etymology trees",
"Pages with etymon",
"Turkish entries referencing ambiguous etymons",
"Turkish entries with etymology texts",
"Turkish entries with etymology trees",
"Turkish entries with etymon",
"Turkish entries with incorrect language header",
"Turkish lemmas",
"Turkish suffixes",
"Turkish terms suffixed with -iş (reciprocal)",
"Turkish terms suffixed with -iş (reflexive)",
"Turkish terms suffixed with -le",
"Turkish terms with IPA pronunciation"
],
"etymology_links": [
[
"-le",
"-le#Turkish"
],
[
"*-iĺč",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Turkic/-iĺč"
],
[
"ـش",
"ش#Old_Anatolian_Turkish"
],
[
"ـش",
"ـش#Ottoman_Turkish"
],
[
"-ş",
"-iş#Turkish:_reciprocal"
],
[
"-le",
"-le#Turkish"
],
[
"-ş",
"-iş#Turkish:_reciprocal"
]
],
"etymology_number": "1",
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "tr",
"2": ":af",
"3": "-le<pos:verbalizing suffix>",
"4": "-iş<pos:reciprocal suffix><alt:-ş><id:reciprocal>",
"text": "+",
"tree": "1"
},
"expansion": "Etymology tree\nTurkish -le\nProto-Turkic *-iĺč\nOld Anatolian Turkish ـش (-iş)\nOttoman Turkish ـش (-iş)\nTurkish -ş\nTurkish -leş\n[Appendix:Glossary#inherited|Inherited]] from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Old Anatolian Turkish\", \"term\" : \"ـش\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"lang\" : \"trk-oat\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Ottoman Turkish\", \"term\" : \"ـش\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"lang\" : \"ota\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Turkish\", \"term\" : \"-iş\", \"lang\" : \"tr\", \"pos\" : \"reciprocal suffix\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Turkish\", \"term\" : \"-leş\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"tr\" }\" data-lang=\"tr\" data-title=\"-leş\">\nFrom -le (verbalizing suffix) + -ş (reciprocal suffix).",
"name": "ety"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "tr",
"2": ":af",
"3": "-le<pos:verbalizing suffix>",
"4": "-iş<pos:reciprocal suffix><alt:-ş><id:reciprocal>",
"text": "+",
"tree": "1"
},
"expansion": "Etymology tree\nTurkish -le\nProto-Turkic *-iĺč\nOld Anatolian Turkish ـش (-iş)\nOttoman Turkish ـش (-iş)\nTurkish -ş\nTurkish -leş\nFrom -le (verbalizing suffix) + -ş (reciprocal suffix).",
"name": "ety"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Etymology tree\nTurkish -le\nProto-Turkic *-iĺč\nOld Anatolian Turkish ـش (-iş)\nOttoman Turkish ـش (-iş)\nTurkish -ş\nTurkish -leş\nFrom -le (verbalizing suffix) + -ş (reciprocal suffix).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "Floating Div",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "tr-suffix-forms",
"source": "Floating Div",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "-laş",
"source": "Floating Div",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "-leş",
"source": "Floating Div",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "tr",
"2": "suffix"
},
"expansion": "-leş",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Turkish",
"lang_code": "tr",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "haber (“news”) + -leş → haberleşmek (“to communicate, to get news from one another”)"
},
{
"text": "mahkeme (“court”) + -leş → mahkemeleşmek (“to sue one another, to litigate”)"
},
{
"text": "karşı (“across”) + -leş → karşılaşmak (“to encounter, to run into, to come across one another”)"
},
{
"text": "mesaj (“message, text”) + -leş → mesajlaşmak (“to text one another”)"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Suffix forming reciprocal verbs from nouns."
],
"senseid": [
"tr:reciprocal"
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈ-leʃ/"
}
],
"word": "-leş"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages using catfix",
"Pages using etymon with no ID",
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Pages with etymology trees",
"Pages with etymon",
"Turkish entries referencing ambiguous etymons",
"Turkish entries with etymology texts",
"Turkish entries with etymology trees",
"Turkish entries with etymon",
"Turkish entries with incorrect language header",
"Turkish lemmas",
"Turkish suffixes",
"Turkish terms suffixed with -iş (reflexive)",
"Turkish terms suffixed with -le",
"Turkish terms with IPA pronunciation"
],
"etymology_links": [
[
"-le",
"-le#Turkish"
],
[
"*-iĺč",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Turkic/-iĺč"
],
[
"ـش",
"ش#Old_Anatolian_Turkish"
],
[
"ـش",
"ـش#Ottoman_Turkish"
],
[
"-ş",
"-iş#Turkish:_reflexive"
],
[
"-le",
"-le#Turkish"
],
[
"-ş",
"-iş#Turkish:_reflexive"
]
],
"etymology_number": "2",
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "tr",
"2": ":af",
"3": "-le<pos:verbalizing suffix>",
"4": "-iş<pos:reflexive suffix><alt:-ş><id:reflexive>",
"text": "+",
"tree": "1"
},
"expansion": "Etymology tree\nTurkish -le\nProto-Turkic *-iĺč\nOld Anatolian Turkish ـش (-iş)\nOttoman Turkish ـش (-iş)\nTurkish -ş\nTurkish -leş\n[Appendix:Glossary#inherited|Inherited]] from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Old Anatolian Turkish\", \"term\" : \"ـش\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"lang\" : \"trk-oat\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Ottoman Turkish\", \"term\" : \"ـش\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"lang\" : \"ota\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Turkish\", \"term\" : \"-iş\", \"lang\" : \"tr\", \"pos\" : \"reflexive suffix\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Turkish\", \"term\" : \"-leş\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"tr\" }\" data-lang=\"tr\" data-title=\"-leş\">\nFrom -le (verbalizing suffix) + -ş (reflexive suffix).",
"name": "ety"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "tr",
"2": ":af",
"3": "-le<pos:verbalizing suffix>",
"4": "-iş<pos:reflexive suffix><alt:-ş><id:reflexive>",
"text": "+",
"tree": "1"
},
"expansion": "Etymology tree\nTurkish -le\nProto-Turkic *-iĺč\nOld Anatolian Turkish ـش (-iş)\nOttoman Turkish ـش (-iş)\nTurkish -ş\nTurkish -leş\nFrom -le (verbalizing suffix) + -ş (reflexive suffix).",
"name": "ety"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Etymology tree\nTurkish -le\nProto-Turkic *-iĺč\nOld Anatolian Turkish ـش (-iş)\nOttoman Turkish ـش (-iş)\nTurkish -ş\nTurkish -leş\nFrom -le (verbalizing suffix) + -ş (reflexive suffix).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "Floating Div",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "tr-suffix-forms",
"source": "Floating Div",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "-laş",
"source": "Floating Div",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "-leş",
"source": "Floating Div",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "tr",
"2": "suffix"
},
"expansion": "-leş",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Turkish",
"lang_code": "tr",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "yer (“place”) + -leş → yerleşmek (“to settle down”)"
},
{
"text": "gen (“wide”) + -leş → genleşmek (“to expand”)"
},
{
"text": "bir (“one”) + -leş → birleşmek (“to unite”)"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Suffix forming verbs meaning \"to become\" from adjectives or nouns."
],
"links": [
[
"become",
"become#English"
]
],
"senseid": [
"tr:become"
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈ-leʃ/"
}
],
"word": "-leş"
}
Download raw JSONL data for -leş meaning in Turkish (7.2kB)
{
"called_from": "inflection/735",
"msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: 'a / ı / o / u'",
"path": [
"-leş"
],
"section": "Turkish",
"subsection": "suffix",
"title": "-leş",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/735",
"msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: 'e / i / ö / ü'",
"path": [
"-leş"
],
"section": "Turkish",
"subsection": "suffix",
"title": "-leş",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/735",
"msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: 'a / ı / o / u'",
"path": [
"-leş"
],
"section": "Turkish",
"subsection": "suffix",
"title": "-leş",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/735",
"msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: 'e / i / ö / ü'",
"path": [
"-leş"
],
"section": "Turkish",
"subsection": "suffix",
"title": "-leş",
"trace": ""
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Turkish dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2026-10-21 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2026-10-01 using wiktextract (c1bb342 and 6f96ddf). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.