"gona" meaning in Tumbuka

See gona in All languages combined, or Wiktionary

Verb

Forms: -gona [canonical], kugona [infinitive]
Etymology: Inherited from Proto-Bantu *-gòna (“to sleep, to lie down - zone N”). Etymology templates: {{glossary|Inherited}} Inherited, {{inh|tum|bnt-pro|*-gòna||to sleep, to lie down - zone N|g=|g2=|g3=|id=|lit=|nocat=|pos=|sc=|sort=|tr=|ts=}} Proto-Bantu *-gòna (“to sleep, to lie down - zone N”), {{inh+|tum|bnt-pro|*-gòna||to sleep, to lie down - zone N}} Inherited from Proto-Bantu *-gòna (“to sleep, to lie down - zone N”) Head templates: {{head|tum|verb|infinitive|kugona|head=-gona}} -gona (infinitive kugona), {{tum-verb|kugona}} -gona (infinitive kugona)
  1. to lie down
    Sense id: en-gona-tum-verb-K7h4AUpm Categories (other): Tumbuka entries with incorrect language header Disambiguation of Tumbuka entries with incorrect language header: 50 50
  2. to lie down
    (by extension) to sleep
    Tags: broadly
    Sense id: en-gona-tum-verb-A5XCrSRy Categories (other): Tumbuka entries with incorrect language header, Sleep Disambiguation of Tumbuka entries with incorrect language header: 50 50 Disambiguation of Sleep: 1 99
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Derived forms: -goneka (english: to lay down), -goneska (english: to cause to sleep), -gona pasi (english: to lie down), -gona tulo (english: to be asleep), -gona citutu (english: to sleep without fire in the hut)

Inflected forms

{
  "derived": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "english": "to lay down",
      "word": "-goneka"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "english": "to cause to sleep",
      "word": "-goneska"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "english": "to lie down",
      "word": "-gona pasi"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "english": "to be asleep",
      "word": "-gona tulo"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "english": "to sleep without fire in the hut",
      "word": "-gona citutu"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "Inherited"
      },
      "expansion": "Inherited",
      "name": "glossary"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "tum",
        "2": "bnt-pro",
        "3": "*-gòna",
        "4": "",
        "5": "to sleep, to lie down - zone N",
        "g": "",
        "g2": "",
        "g3": "",
        "id": "",
        "lit": "",
        "nocat": "",
        "pos": "",
        "sc": "",
        "sort": "",
        "tr": "",
        "ts": ""
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Bantu *-gòna (“to sleep, to lie down - zone N”)",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "tum",
        "2": "bnt-pro",
        "3": "*-gòna",
        "4": "",
        "5": "to sleep, to lie down - zone N"
      },
      "expansion": "Inherited from Proto-Bantu *-gòna (“to sleep, to lie down - zone N”)",
      "name": "inh+"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Inherited from Proto-Bantu *-gòna (“to sleep, to lie down - zone N”).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "-gona",
      "tags": [
        "canonical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kugona",
      "tags": [
        "infinitive"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "tum",
        "2": "verb",
        "3": "infinitive",
        "4": "kugona",
        "head": "-gona"
      },
      "expansion": "-gona (infinitive kugona)",
      "name": "head"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "kugona"
      },
      "expansion": "-gona (infinitive kugona)",
      "name": "tum-verb"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Tumbuka",
  "lang_code": "tum",
  "pos": "verb",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "50 50",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Tumbuka entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "to lie down"
      ],
      "id": "en-gona-tum-verb-K7h4AUpm",
      "links": [
        [
          "lie down",
          "lie down"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "50 50",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Tumbuka entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "1 99",
          "kind": "other",
          "langcode": "tum",
          "name": "Sleep",
          "orig": "tum:Sleep",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "to lie down",
        "to sleep"
      ],
      "id": "en-gona-tum-verb-A5XCrSRy",
      "links": [
        [
          "lie down",
          "lie down"
        ],
        [
          "sleep",
          "sleep"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "to lie down",
        "(by extension) to sleep"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "broadly"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "gona"
}
{
  "categories": [
    "Pages with 7 entries",
    "Pages with entries",
    "Tumbuka entries with incorrect language header",
    "Tumbuka lemmas",
    "Tumbuka terms derived from Proto-Bantu",
    "Tumbuka terms inherited from Proto-Bantu",
    "Tumbuka verbs",
    "tum:Sleep"
  ],
  "derived": [
    {
      "english": "to lay down",
      "word": "-goneka"
    },
    {
      "english": "to cause to sleep",
      "word": "-goneska"
    },
    {
      "english": "to lie down",
      "word": "-gona pasi"
    },
    {
      "english": "to be asleep",
      "word": "-gona tulo"
    },
    {
      "english": "to sleep without fire in the hut",
      "word": "-gona citutu"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "Inherited"
      },
      "expansion": "Inherited",
      "name": "glossary"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "tum",
        "2": "bnt-pro",
        "3": "*-gòna",
        "4": "",
        "5": "to sleep, to lie down - zone N",
        "g": "",
        "g2": "",
        "g3": "",
        "id": "",
        "lit": "",
        "nocat": "",
        "pos": "",
        "sc": "",
        "sort": "",
        "tr": "",
        "ts": ""
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Bantu *-gòna (“to sleep, to lie down - zone N”)",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "tum",
        "2": "bnt-pro",
        "3": "*-gòna",
        "4": "",
        "5": "to sleep, to lie down - zone N"
      },
      "expansion": "Inherited from Proto-Bantu *-gòna (“to sleep, to lie down - zone N”)",
      "name": "inh+"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Inherited from Proto-Bantu *-gòna (“to sleep, to lie down - zone N”).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "-gona",
      "tags": [
        "canonical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kugona",
      "tags": [
        "infinitive"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "tum",
        "2": "verb",
        "3": "infinitive",
        "4": "kugona",
        "head": "-gona"
      },
      "expansion": "-gona (infinitive kugona)",
      "name": "head"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "kugona"
      },
      "expansion": "-gona (infinitive kugona)",
      "name": "tum-verb"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Tumbuka",
  "lang_code": "tum",
  "pos": "verb",
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "to lie down"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "lie down",
          "lie down"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "to lie down",
        "to sleep"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "lie down",
          "lie down"
        ],
        [
          "sleep",
          "sleep"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "to lie down",
        "(by extension) to sleep"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "broadly"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "gona"
}

Download raw JSONL data for gona meaning in Tumbuka (1.9kB)


This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Tumbuka dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-08-04 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-08-02 using wiktextract (a681f8a and 3c020d2). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.