See ** in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "None"
},
"expansion": "Zsym",
"name": "mul-symbol/script"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "mul",
"10": "",
"2": "symbol",
"3": "",
"4": "",
"5": "or",
"6": "",
"7": "or",
"8": "",
"9": "or",
"cat2": "",
"f1lang": "en",
"f1nolink": "",
"f2lang": "en",
"f2nolink": "",
"f3lang": "en",
"f3nolink": "",
"f4lang": "en",
"f4nolink": "",
"head": "**",
"head2": "",
"head3": "",
"head4": "",
"image": "",
"nolinkhead": "",
"sc": "Zsym",
"sort": ""
},
"expansion": "**",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"head": "**"
},
"expansion": "**",
"name": "mul-symbol"
}
],
"lang": "Translingual",
"lang_code": "mul",
"pos": "symbol",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "mul",
"name": "Linguistics",
"orig": "mul:Linguistics",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "42 42 16",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "38 38 25",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "40 28 33",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Translingual entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "37 37 27",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Translingual terms with non-redundant manual script codes",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"coordinate_terms": [
{
"word": "*"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
66,
68
]
],
"text": "Compare the following sentences:",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"When used before a term:",
"Indicates that a term or phrase is more grammatically incorrect (or otherwise ill-formed) than another incorrect formation which has already been marked with *."
],
"id": "en-**-mul-symbol-mul:ill_formed",
"links": [
[
"linguistics",
"linguistics"
],
[
"linguistics",
"linguistics"
],
[
"term",
"term#English"
],
[
"phrase",
"phrase#English"
],
[
"more",
"more#English"
],
[
"grammatically",
"grammatically#English"
],
[
"incorrect",
"incorrect#English"
],
[
"ill-formed",
"ill-formed#English"
],
[
"formation",
"formation#English"
],
[
"*",
"*#Translingual"
]
],
"qualifier": "descriptive linguistics",
"raw_glosses": [
"(linguistics) When used before a term:",
"(descriptive linguistics) Indicates that a term or phrase is more grammatically incorrect (or otherwise ill-formed) than another incorrect formation which has already been marked with *."
],
"senseid": [
"mul:ill-formed"
],
"topics": [
"human-sciences",
"linguistics",
"sciences"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "mul",
"name": "Linguistics",
"orig": "mul:Linguistics",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "42 42 16",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "38 38 25",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "40 28 33",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Translingual entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "37 37 27",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Translingual terms with non-redundant manual script codes",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"coordinate_terms": [
{
"word": "*"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
146,
148
],
[
156,
158
]
],
"text": "Hebrew תָּמָר (tamár, “date”) must have been borrowed from Aramaic תְּמָרָא (təmārā, “date”), because the expected Hebrew reflex would have been **שָׁמָר (**shamár).",
"type": "example"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
72,
74
],
[
83,
85
]
],
"ref": "2025, Cid Swanenvleugel, The Pre-Roman Elements of the Sardinian Lexicon, page 261:",
"text": "The fact that -e only occurs in bètte and -i only in bítti (rather than **bétti or **bítte), makes it look like the paragogic vowel that regularly develops in Sardinian after word-final consonants.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"When used before a term:",
"Indicates that the term has been invented for the sake of argument, and is not assumed to have been real."
],
"id": "en-**-mul-symbol-mul:invented",
"links": [
[
"linguistics",
"linguistics"
],
[
"linguistics",
"linguistics"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(linguistics) When used before a term:",
"(historical linguistics) Indicates that the term has been invented for the sake of argument, and is not assumed to have been real."
],
"senseid": [
"mul:invented"
],
"tags": [
"historical"
],
"topics": [
"human-sciences",
"linguistics",
"sciences"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "mul",
"name": "Programming",
"orig": "mul:Programming",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "42 42 16",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "38 38 25",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "40 28 33",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Translingual entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "37 37 27",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Translingual terms with non-redundant manual script codes",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
1,
3
]
],
"text": "n**2 = n² = n × n",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Exponentiation."
],
"id": "en-**-mul-symbol-~geEcYOM",
"links": [
[
"programming",
"programming#Noun"
],
[
"Exponentiation",
"exponentiation#English"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(programming) Exponentiation."
],
"topics": [
"computing",
"engineering",
"mathematics",
"natural-sciences",
"physical-sciences",
"programming",
"sciences"
]
}
],
"word": "**"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Translingual entries with incorrect language header",
"Translingual lemmas",
"Translingual symbols",
"Translingual terms spelled with *",
"Translingual terms with non-redundant manual script codes"
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "None"
},
"expansion": "Zsym",
"name": "mul-symbol/script"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "mul",
"10": "",
"2": "symbol",
"3": "",
"4": "",
"5": "or",
"6": "",
"7": "or",
"8": "",
"9": "or",
"cat2": "",
"f1lang": "en",
"f1nolink": "",
"f2lang": "en",
"f2nolink": "",
"f3lang": "en",
"f3nolink": "",
"f4lang": "en",
"f4nolink": "",
"head": "**",
"head2": "",
"head3": "",
"head4": "",
"image": "",
"nolinkhead": "",
"sc": "Zsym",
"sort": ""
},
"expansion": "**",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"head": "**"
},
"expansion": "**",
"name": "mul-symbol"
}
],
"lang": "Translingual",
"lang_code": "mul",
"pos": "symbol",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Translingual terms with usage examples",
"mul:Linguistics"
],
"coordinate_terms": [
{
"word": "*"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
66,
68
]
],
"text": "Compare the following sentences:",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"When used before a term:",
"Indicates that a term or phrase is more grammatically incorrect (or otherwise ill-formed) than another incorrect formation which has already been marked with *."
],
"links": [
[
"linguistics",
"linguistics"
],
[
"linguistics",
"linguistics"
],
[
"term",
"term#English"
],
[
"phrase",
"phrase#English"
],
[
"more",
"more#English"
],
[
"grammatically",
"grammatically#English"
],
[
"incorrect",
"incorrect#English"
],
[
"ill-formed",
"ill-formed#English"
],
[
"formation",
"formation#English"
],
[
"*",
"*#Translingual"
]
],
"qualifier": "descriptive linguistics",
"raw_glosses": [
"(linguistics) When used before a term:",
"(descriptive linguistics) Indicates that a term or phrase is more grammatically incorrect (or otherwise ill-formed) than another incorrect formation which has already been marked with *."
],
"senseid": [
"mul:ill-formed"
],
"topics": [
"human-sciences",
"linguistics",
"sciences"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations",
"Translingual terms with historical senses",
"Translingual terms with usage examples",
"mul:Linguistics"
],
"coordinate_terms": [
{
"word": "*"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
146,
148
],
[
156,
158
]
],
"text": "Hebrew תָּמָר (tamár, “date”) must have been borrowed from Aramaic תְּמָרָא (təmārā, “date”), because the expected Hebrew reflex would have been **שָׁמָר (**shamár).",
"type": "example"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
72,
74
],
[
83,
85
]
],
"ref": "2025, Cid Swanenvleugel, The Pre-Roman Elements of the Sardinian Lexicon, page 261:",
"text": "The fact that -e only occurs in bètte and -i only in bítti (rather than **bétti or **bítte), makes it look like the paragogic vowel that regularly develops in Sardinian after word-final consonants.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"When used before a term:",
"Indicates that the term has been invented for the sake of argument, and is not assumed to have been real."
],
"links": [
[
"linguistics",
"linguistics"
],
[
"linguistics",
"linguistics"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(linguistics) When used before a term:",
"(historical linguistics) Indicates that the term has been invented for the sake of argument, and is not assumed to have been real."
],
"senseid": [
"mul:invented"
],
"tags": [
"historical"
],
"topics": [
"human-sciences",
"linguistics",
"sciences"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Translingual terms with usage examples",
"mul:Programming"
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
1,
3
]
],
"text": "n**2 = n² = n × n",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Exponentiation."
],
"links": [
[
"programming",
"programming#Noun"
],
[
"Exponentiation",
"exponentiation#English"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(programming) Exponentiation."
],
"topics": [
"computing",
"engineering",
"mathematics",
"natural-sciences",
"physical-sciences",
"programming",
"sciences"
]
}
],
"word": "**"
}
Download raw JSONL data for ** meaning in Translingual (3.8kB)
{
"called_from": "parser/304",
"msg": "HTML tag <i> not properly closed",
"path": [
"**"
],
"section": "Translingual",
"subsection": "symbol",
"title": "**",
"trace": "started on line 1, detected on line 1"
}
{
"called_from": "parser/1336",
"msg": "no corresponding start tag found for </i>",
"path": [
"**"
],
"section": "Translingual",
"subsection": "symbol",
"title": "**",
"trace": ""
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Translingual dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2026-09-16 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2026-09-02 using wiktextract (d6fca27 and 65e1673). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.