See Polygala in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "mul",
"2": "grc",
"3": "πολύς",
"4": "",
"5": "many, much"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek πολύς (polús, “many, much”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "mul",
"2": "grc",
"3": "γάλα",
"4": "",
"5": "milk"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek γάλα (gála, “milk”)",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Ancient Greek πολύς (polús, “many, much”) and Ancient Greek γάλα (gála, “milk”).",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "mul",
"2": "proper noun",
"3": "",
"4": "",
"g": "f",
"g2": "",
"head": "Polygala",
"nogendercat": "1"
},
"expansion": "Polygala f",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Translingual",
"lang_code": "mul",
"pos": "name",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Translingual entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "mul",
"name": "Fabales order plants",
"orig": "mul:Fabales order plants",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "mul",
"name": "Taxonomic names (genus)",
"orig": "mul:Taxonomic names (genus)",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A taxonomic genus within the family Polygalaceae – bitter herbs or shrubs having eight stamens and a two-celled ovary, including some called snakeroot, wintergreen, milkwort."
],
"hypernyms": [
{
"english": "superkingdom",
"sense": "genus",
"translation": "superkingdom",
"word": "Eukaryota"
},
{
"english": "kingdom",
"sense": "genus",
"translation": "kingdom",
"word": "Plantae"
},
{
"english": "subkingdom",
"sense": "genus",
"translation": "subkingdom",
"word": "Viridiplantae"
},
{
"english": "infrakingdom",
"sense": "genus",
"translation": "infrakingdom",
"word": "Streptophyta"
},
{
"english": "superphylum",
"sense": "genus",
"translation": "superphylum",
"word": "Embryophyta"
},
{
"english": "phylum",
"sense": "genus",
"translation": "phylum",
"word": "Tracheophyta"
},
{
"english": "subphylum",
"sense": "genus",
"translation": "subphylum",
"word": "Spermatophytina"
},
{
"sense": "genus",
"word": "angiosperms"
},
{
"sense": "genus",
"word": "eudicots"
},
{
"sense": "genus",
"word": "core eudicots"
},
{
"sense": "genus",
"word": "rosids"
},
{
"english": "clades",
"sense": "genus",
"translation": "clades",
"word": "fabids"
},
{
"english": "order",
"sense": "genus",
"translation": "order",
"word": "Fabales"
},
{
"english": "family",
"sense": "genus",
"translation": "family",
"word": "Polygalaceae"
},
{
"english": "tribe",
"sense": "genus",
"translation": "tribe",
"word": "Polygaleae"
}
],
"hyponyms": [
{
"english": "type species",
"sense": "genus",
"translation": "type species",
"word": "Polygala vulgaris"
}
],
"id": "en-Polygala-mul-name-Lg8yMxBE",
"links": [
[
"genus",
"genus#English"
],
[
"family",
"family#English"
],
[
"Polygalaceae",
"Polygalaceae#Translingual"
],
[
"bitter",
"bitter"
],
[
"herb",
"herb"
],
[
"shrub",
"shrub"
],
[
"stamen",
"stamen"
],
[
"two",
"two"
],
[
"celled",
"celled"
],
[
"ovary",
"ovary"
],
[
"snakeroot",
"snakeroot"
],
[
"wintergreen",
"wintergreen"
],
[
"milkwort",
"milkwort"
]
],
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
}
],
"word": "Polygala"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "mul",
"2": "grc",
"3": "πολύς",
"4": "",
"5": "many, much"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek πολύς (polús, “many, much”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "mul",
"2": "grc",
"3": "γάλα",
"4": "",
"5": "milk"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek γάλα (gála, “milk”)",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Ancient Greek πολύς (polús, “many, much”) and Ancient Greek γάλα (gála, “milk”).",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "mul",
"2": "proper noun",
"3": "",
"4": "",
"g": "f",
"g2": "",
"head": "Polygala",
"nogendercat": "1"
},
"expansion": "Polygala f",
"name": "head"
}
],
"hypernyms": [
{
"english": "superkingdom",
"sense": "genus",
"translation": "superkingdom",
"word": "Eukaryota"
},
{
"english": "kingdom",
"sense": "genus",
"translation": "kingdom",
"word": "Plantae"
},
{
"english": "subkingdom",
"sense": "genus",
"translation": "subkingdom",
"word": "Viridiplantae"
},
{
"english": "infrakingdom",
"sense": "genus",
"translation": "infrakingdom",
"word": "Streptophyta"
},
{
"english": "superphylum",
"sense": "genus",
"translation": "superphylum",
"word": "Embryophyta"
},
{
"english": "phylum",
"sense": "genus",
"translation": "phylum",
"word": "Tracheophyta"
},
{
"english": "subphylum",
"sense": "genus",
"translation": "subphylum",
"word": "Spermatophytina"
},
{
"sense": "genus",
"word": "angiosperms"
},
{
"sense": "genus",
"word": "eudicots"
},
{
"sense": "genus",
"word": "core eudicots"
},
{
"sense": "genus",
"word": "rosids"
},
{
"english": "clades",
"sense": "genus",
"translation": "clades",
"word": "fabids"
},
{
"english": "order",
"sense": "genus",
"translation": "order",
"word": "Fabales"
},
{
"english": "family",
"sense": "genus",
"translation": "family",
"word": "Polygalaceae"
},
{
"english": "tribe",
"sense": "genus",
"translation": "tribe",
"word": "Polygaleae"
}
],
"hyponyms": [
{
"english": "type species",
"sense": "genus",
"translation": "type species",
"word": "Polygala vulgaris"
}
],
"lang": "Translingual",
"lang_code": "mul",
"pos": "name",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Translingual entries with incorrect language header",
"Translingual lemmas",
"Translingual proper nouns",
"Translingual terms derived from Ancient Greek",
"mul:Fabales order plants",
"mul:Taxonomic names (genus)"
],
"glosses": [
"A taxonomic genus within the family Polygalaceae – bitter herbs or shrubs having eight stamens and a two-celled ovary, including some called snakeroot, wintergreen, milkwort."
],
"links": [
[
"genus",
"genus#English"
],
[
"family",
"family#English"
],
[
"Polygalaceae",
"Polygalaceae#Translingual"
],
[
"bitter",
"bitter"
],
[
"herb",
"herb"
],
[
"shrub",
"shrub"
],
[
"stamen",
"stamen"
],
[
"two",
"two"
],
[
"celled",
"celled"
],
[
"ovary",
"ovary"
],
[
"snakeroot",
"snakeroot"
],
[
"wintergreen",
"wintergreen"
],
[
"milkwort",
"milkwort"
]
],
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
}
],
"word": "Polygala"
}
Download raw JSONL data for Polygala meaning in Translingual (2.8kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Translingual dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-12-23 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-12-02 using wiktextract (6fdc867 and 9905b1f). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.