See Gerardia in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
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"expansion": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *ǵʰey-\nProto-Indo-European *ǵʰeys-\nProto-Indo-European *-os\nProto-Indo-European *-ós\nProto-Indo-European *-ós\nProto-Indo-European *ǵʰoysós\nProto-Germanic *gaizaz\nProto-West Germanic *gaiʀ\nProto-Indo-European *kret-der.?\nProto-Germanic *harduz\nProto-Indo-European *-yos\nProto-Indo-European *-yós\nProto-Germanic *-jaz\nProto-West Germanic *-ī\nProto-West Germanic *hard(ī)\nFrankish *Gaiʀahardbor.\nOld French Gerartder.\nMiddle English Gerard\nEnglish Gerard\nProto-Indo-European *-(i)yós\nProto-Italic *-ijos\nProto-Italic *-ios\nOld Latin -ios\nLatin -ius\nLatin -ia\nTranslingual Gerardia\n[Appendix:Glossary#derived_terms|Derived]] from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"name\", \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"bor.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Borrowed from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"drive\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*ǵʰey-\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"keyword\" : \"from\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*ǵʰeys-\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" }, { \"id\" : \"o-grade\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"thematic\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-os\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" }, { \"id\" : \"possessive\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-ós\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-ós\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*ǵʰoysós\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Germanic\", \"term\" : \"*gaizaz\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"gem-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-West Germanic\", \"term\" : \"*gaiʀ\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"gmw-pro\" }, { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"der.\", \"is_uncertain\" : true, \"keyword_label\" : \"Derived from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"strong\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*kret-\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"derived\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Germanic\", \"term\" : \"*harduz\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"gem-pro\" }, { \"id\" : \"adjective\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"-ed\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-yos\", \"status\" : \"missing\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" }, { \"children\" : [ ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-yós\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Germanic\", \"term\" : \"*-jaz\", \"lang\" : \"gem-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-West Germanic\", \"term\" : \"*-ī\", \"lang\" : \"gmw-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-West Germanic\", \"term\" : \"*hard(ī)\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"gmw-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"keyword\" : \"from\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Frankish\", \"term\" : \"*Gaiʀahard\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"frk\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"bor\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Old French\", \"term\" : \"Gerart\", \"lang\" : \"fro\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"derived\" } ], \"status\" : \"inline\", \"lang_name\" : \"Middle English\", \"term\" : \"Gerard\", \"lang\" : \"enm\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"English\", \"term\" : \"Gerard\", \"lang\" : \"en\" }, { \"id\" : \"abstract noun\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"suffix forming adjectives\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"suffix forming adjectives\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"adjective suffix\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"alt\" : \"*-ijos\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Italic\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"is_duplicate\" : true, \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : { \"1\" : \"ine-pro\", \"id\" : \"suffix\", \"pos\" : \"suffix\" }, \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-yós\", \"alt\" : \"*-(i)yós\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang\" : \"itc-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"keyword\" : \"from\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Italic\", \"term\" : \"*-ios\", \"lang\" : \"itc-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Old Latin\", \"term\" : \"-ios\", \"lang\" : \"itc-ola\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"keyword\" : \"from\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"-ius\", \"lang\" : \"la\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"keyword\" : \"from\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"-ia\", \"lang\" : \"la\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Translingual\", \"term\" : \"Gerardia\", \"lang\" : \"mul\" }\" data-id=\"botany\" data-lang=\"mul\" data-title=\"Gerardia\" id=\"Translingual:_botany\">\nFrom English Gerard + Latin -ia.",
"name": "etymon"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "1",
"2": "n",
"3": "N"
},
"expansion": "n",
"name": "yesno"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "English herbalist",
"2": "",
"3": "",
"4": "",
"5": ""
},
"expansion": "English herbalist",
"name": "named-after/list"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "|",
"name": "!"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "mul-tax",
"2": "John Gerard"
},
"expansion": "John Gerard",
"name": "lang"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "mul-tax",
"2": "John Gerard",
"born": "1545",
"died": "1612",
"nocap": "1",
"occ": "English herbalist",
"wplink": "John Gerard"
},
"expansion": "named after English herbalist John Gerard (1545–1612)",
"name": "named-after"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *ǵʰey-\nProto-Indo-European *ǵʰeys-\nProto-Indo-European *-os\nProto-Indo-European *-ós\nProto-Indo-European *-ós\nProto-Indo-European *ǵʰoysós\nProto-Germanic *gaizaz\nProto-West Germanic *gaiʀ\nProto-Indo-European *kret-der.?\nProto-Germanic *harduz\nProto-Indo-European *-yos\nProto-Indo-European *-yós\nProto-Germanic *-jaz\nProto-West Germanic *-ī\nProto-West Germanic *hard(ī)\nFrankish *Gaiʀahardbor.\nOld French Gerartder.\nMiddle English Gerard\nEnglish Gerard\nProto-Indo-European *-(i)yós\nProto-Italic *-ijos\nProto-Italic *-ios\nOld Latin -ios\nLatin -ius\nLatin -ia\nTranslingual Gerardia\nFrom English Gerard + Latin -ia. The botanical genera are named after English herbalist John Gerard (1545–1612).",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "mul",
"2": "proper noun",
"3": "",
"4": "",
"g": "f",
"g2": "",
"head": "Gerardia",
"nogendercat": "1"
},
"expansion": "Gerardia f",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Translingual",
"lang_code": "mul",
"pos": "name",
"senses": [
{
"attestations": [
{
"date": "1753-1836",
"references": []
}
],
"categories": [
"Translingual terms with obsolete senses",
"mul:Botany",
"mul:Taxonomic names (genus)"
],
"glosses": [
"Several taxonomic genera:",
"A taxonomic genus within the family Acanthaceae – a type of purple flower, see Stenandrium."
],
"links": [
[
"botany",
"botany"
],
[
"genus",
"genus#English"
],
[
"family",
"family#English"
],
[
"Acanthaceae",
"Acanthaceae#Translingual"
],
[
"Stenandrium",
"Stenandrium#Translingual"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(obsolete) Several taxonomic genera:",
"(botany) A taxonomic genus within the family Acanthaceae – a type of purple flower, see Stenandrium."
],
"tags": [
"feminine",
"obsolete"
],
"topics": [
"biology",
"botany",
"natural-sciences"
]
},
{
"attestations": [
{
"date": "1836-1956",
"references": []
}
],
"categories": [
"Translingual terms with obsolete senses",
"mul:Botany",
"mul:Taxonomic names (genus)"
],
"glosses": [
"Several taxonomic genera:",
"A taxonomic genus within the family Orobanchaceae – a type of purple flower, see Agalinis."
],
"links": [
[
"botany",
"botany"
],
[
"genus",
"genus#English"
],
[
"family",
"family#English"
],
[
"Orobanchaceae",
"Orobanchaceae#Translingual"
],
[
"Agalinis",
"Agalinis#Translingual"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(obsolete) Several taxonomic genera:",
"(botany) A taxonomic genus within the family Orobanchaceae – a type of purple flower, see Agalinis."
],
"tags": [
"feminine",
"obsolete"
],
"topics": [
"biology",
"botany",
"natural-sciences"
]
},
{
"attestations": [
{
"date": "1864",
"references": []
}
],
"categories": [
"Entries using missing taxonomic name (family)",
"Entries using missing taxonomic name (genus)",
"Translingual terms with obsolete senses",
"mul:Taxonomic names (genus)",
"mul:Zoology"
],
"glosses": [
"Several taxonomic genera:",
"A taxonomic genus within the family Parazoanthidae – a type of hexacoral, see Savalia."
],
"links": [
[
"zoology",
"zoology"
],
[
"genus",
"genus#English"
],
[
"family",
"family#English"
],
[
"Parazoanthidae",
"Wikispecies:Parazoanthidae"
],
[
"hexacoral",
"hexacoral"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(obsolete) Several taxonomic genera:",
"(zoology) A taxonomic genus within the family Parazoanthidae – a type of hexacoral, see Savalia."
],
"tags": [
"feminine",
"obsolete"
],
"topics": [
"biology",
"natural-sciences",
"zoology"
]
},
{
"attestations": [
{
"date": "1954-2015",
"references": []
}
],
"categories": [
"Entries using missing taxonomic name (genus)",
"Translingual terms with obsolete senses",
"mul:Taxonomic names (genus)",
"mul:Zoology"
],
"glosses": [
"Several taxonomic genera:",
"A taxonomic genus within the family Tenebrionidae – a type of darkling beetle, see Piccula."
],
"links": [
[
"zoology",
"zoology"
],
[
"genus",
"genus#English"
],
[
"family",
"family#English"
],
[
"Tenebrionidae",
"Tenebrionidae#Translingual"
],
[
"darkling beetle",
"darkling beetle"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(obsolete) Several taxonomic genera:",
"(zoology) A taxonomic genus within the family Tenebrionidae – a type of darkling beetle, see Piccula."
],
"tags": [
"feminine",
"obsolete"
],
"topics": [
"biology",
"natural-sciences",
"zoology"
]
}
],
"word": "Gerardia"
}
Download raw JSONL data for Gerardia meaning in Translingual (11.8kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Translingual dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2026-09-09 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2026-09-02 using wiktextract (ccec6f1 and 4deed51). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.