See บรรณาการ in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "th",
"2": "sa",
"3": "पर्णाकार",
"lit": "having the form of a leaf"
},
"expansion": "Sanskrit पर्णाकार (parṇākāra, literally “having the form of a leaf”)",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "th",
"2": "-"
},
"expansion": "Thai",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "th",
"2": "บรรณ",
"3": "อาการ"
},
"expansion": "บรรณ (ban) + อาการ (aa-gaan)",
"name": "com"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pi",
"2": "paṇṇākāra"
},
"expansion": "Pali paṇṇākāra",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "th",
"2": "ปัณณาการ"
},
"expansion": "Thai ปัณณาการ",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "km",
"2": "បណ្ណាការ"
},
"expansion": "Khmer បណ្ណាការ (bɑɑnnaakaa)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Sanskrit पर्णाकार (parṇākāra, literally “having the form of a leaf”), from पर्ण (parṇa, “leaf”) + आकार (ākāra, “form”); equivalent to Thai บรรณ (ban) + อาการ (aa-gaan). Compare Pali paṇṇākāra, from which Thai ปัณณาการ and Khmer បណ្ណាការ (bɑɑnnaakaa) are derived.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "ban-naa-gaan",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "บรรณาการ • (ban-naa-gaan)",
"name": "th-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Thai",
"lang_code": "th",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Thai entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "th",
"name": "Feudalism",
"orig": "th:Feudalism",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "บรรณา"
},
{
"roman": "rát-ban-naa-gaan",
"word": "รัฐบรรณาการ"
}
],
"glosses": [
"tribute, especially one paid by a vassal state to its overlord."
],
"id": "en-บรรณาการ-th-noun-yXXNJGE3",
"links": [
[
"เครื่อง",
"เครื่อง#Thai"
],
[
"ราช",
"ราช#Thai"
],
[
"tribute",
"tribute"
],
[
"especially",
"especially"
],
[
"one",
"one"
],
[
"paid",
"paid"
],
[
"vassal state",
"vassal state"
],
[
"overlord",
"overlord"
]
],
"qualifier": "if belonging to a royal person: ราช~",
"raw_glosses": [
"(เครื่อง~; if belonging to a royal person: ราช~, เครื่องราช~) tribute, especially one paid by a vassal state to its overlord."
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "บรรณา"
},
{
"roman": "sùai",
"word": "ส่วย"
}
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"other": "บรรณาการ",
"raw_tags": [
"Orthographic"
],
"roman": "ɓ r r ɳ ā k ā r"
},
{
"other": "บัน-นา-กาน",
"raw_tags": [
"Phonemic"
],
"roman": "ɓ ạ n – n ā – k ā n"
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"Paiboon"
],
"roman": "ban-naa-gaan",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"Royal Institute"
],
"roman": "ban-na-kan",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ban˧.naː˧.kaːn˧/"
}
],
"word": "บรรณาการ"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"word": "บรรณา"
},
{
"roman": "rát-ban-naa-gaan",
"word": "รัฐบรรณาการ"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "th",
"2": "sa",
"3": "पर्णाकार",
"lit": "having the form of a leaf"
},
"expansion": "Sanskrit पर्णाकार (parṇākāra, literally “having the form of a leaf”)",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "th",
"2": "-"
},
"expansion": "Thai",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "th",
"2": "บรรณ",
"3": "อาการ"
},
"expansion": "บรรณ (ban) + อาการ (aa-gaan)",
"name": "com"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pi",
"2": "paṇṇākāra"
},
"expansion": "Pali paṇṇākāra",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "th",
"2": "ปัณณาการ"
},
"expansion": "Thai ปัณณาการ",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "km",
"2": "បណ្ណាការ"
},
"expansion": "Khmer បណ្ណាការ (bɑɑnnaakaa)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Sanskrit पर्णाकार (parṇākāra, literally “having the form of a leaf”), from पर्ण (parṇa, “leaf”) + आकार (ākāra, “form”); equivalent to Thai บรรณ (ban) + อาการ (aa-gaan). Compare Pali paṇṇākāra, from which Thai ปัณณาการ and Khmer បណ្ណាការ (bɑɑnnaakaa) are derived.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "ban-naa-gaan",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "บรรณาการ • (ban-naa-gaan)",
"name": "th-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Thai",
"lang_code": "th",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Rhymes:Thai/aːn",
"Thai 3-syllable words",
"Thai compound terms",
"Thai entries with incorrect language header",
"Thai lemmas",
"Thai nouns",
"Thai terms borrowed from Sanskrit",
"Thai terms derived from Sanskrit",
"Thai terms spelled with รร",
"Thai terms with IPA pronunciation",
"th:Feudalism"
],
"glosses": [
"tribute, especially one paid by a vassal state to its overlord."
],
"links": [
[
"เครื่อง",
"เครื่อง#Thai"
],
[
"ราช",
"ราช#Thai"
],
[
"tribute",
"tribute"
],
[
"especially",
"especially"
],
[
"one",
"one"
],
[
"paid",
"paid"
],
[
"vassal state",
"vassal state"
],
[
"overlord",
"overlord"
]
],
"qualifier": "if belonging to a royal person: ราช~",
"raw_glosses": [
"(เครื่อง~; if belonging to a royal person: ราช~, เครื่องราช~) tribute, especially one paid by a vassal state to its overlord."
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"other": "บรรณาการ",
"raw_tags": [
"Orthographic"
],
"roman": "ɓ r r ɳ ā k ā r"
},
{
"other": "บัน-นา-กาน",
"raw_tags": [
"Phonemic"
],
"roman": "ɓ ạ n – n ā – k ā n"
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"Paiboon"
],
"roman": "ban-naa-gaan",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"Royal Institute"
],
"roman": "ban-na-kan",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ban˧.naː˧.kaːn˧/"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "บรรณา"
},
{
"roman": "sùai",
"word": "ส่วย"
}
],
"word": "บรรณาการ"
}
Download raw JSONL data for บรรณาการ meaning in Thai (3.0kB)
{
"called_from": "form_descriptions/1831",
"msg": "unrecognized sense qualifier: เครื่อง~; if belonging to a royal person: ราช~, เครื่องราช~",
"path": [
"บรรณาการ"
],
"section": "Thai",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "บรรณาการ",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "form_descriptions/1831",
"msg": "unrecognized sense qualifier: เครื่อง~; if belonging to a royal person: ราช~, เครื่องราช~",
"path": [
"บรรณาการ"
],
"section": "Thai",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "บรรณาการ",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "form_descriptions/1831",
"msg": "unrecognized sense qualifier: เครื่อง~; if belonging to a royal person: ราช~, เครื่องราช~",
"path": [
"บรรณาการ"
],
"section": "Thai",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "บรรณาการ",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "form_descriptions/1831",
"msg": "unrecognized sense qualifier: เครื่อง~; if belonging to a royal person: ราช~, เครื่องราช~",
"path": [
"บรรณาการ"
],
"section": "Thai",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "บรรณาการ",
"trace": ""
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Thai dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2026-03-25 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2026-03-03 using wiktextract (05c257f and 9d9a410). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.