See காப்பு in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "si",
"2": "කාප්පුව",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Sinhalese: කාප්පුව (kāppuwa)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Sinhalese: කාප්පුව (kāppuwa)"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ta",
"2": "கா",
"3": "-ப்பு",
"t1": "to guard, protect"
},
"expansion": "கா (kā, “to guard, protect”) + -ப்பு (-ppu)",
"name": "suffix"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From கா (kā, “to guard, protect”) + -ப்பு (-ppu).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "kāppu",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "ta-decl",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "காப்பு",
"roman": "kāppu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "காப்புகள்",
"roman": "kāppukaḷ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "காப்பே",
"roman": "kāppē",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "காப்புகளே",
"roman": "kāppukaḷē",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "காப்பை",
"roman": "kāppai",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "காப்புகளை",
"roman": "kāppukaḷai",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "காப்புக்கு",
"roman": "kāppukku",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "காப்புகளுக்கு",
"roman": "kāppukaḷukku",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "காப்புக்காக",
"roman": "kāppukkāka",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"benefactive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "காப்புகளுக்காக",
"roman": "kāppukaḷukkāka",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"benefactive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "காப்புடைய",
"roman": "kāppuṭaiya",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"genitive-i",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "காப்புகளுடைய",
"roman": "kāppukaḷuṭaiya",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"genitive-i",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "காப்பின்",
"roman": "kāppiṉ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"genitive-ii",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "காப்புகளின்",
"roman": "kāppukaḷiṉ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"genitive-ii",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "காப்பில்",
"roman": "kāppil",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"locative-i",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "காப்புகளில்",
"roman": "kāppukaḷil",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"locative-i",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "காப்பிடம்",
"roman": "kāppiṭam",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"locative-ii",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "காப்புகளிடம்",
"roman": "kāppukaḷiṭam",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"locative-ii",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "காப்போடு",
"roman": "kāppōṭu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"sociative",
"sociative-i"
]
},
{
"form": "காப்புகளோடு",
"roman": "kāppukaḷōṭu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"sociative",
"sociative-i"
]
},
{
"form": "காப்புடன்",
"roman": "kāppuṭaṉ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"sociative",
"sociative-ii"
]
},
{
"form": "காப்புகளுடன்",
"roman": "kāppukaḷuṭaṉ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"sociative",
"sociative-ii"
]
},
{
"form": "காப்பால்",
"roman": "kāppāl",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "காப்புகளால்",
"roman": "kāppukaḷāl",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "காப்பிலிருந்து",
"roman": "kāppiliruntu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "காப்புகளிலிருந்து",
"roman": "kāppukaḷiliruntu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "காப்பு • (kāppu)",
"name": "ta-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"type": "root"
},
"name": "ta-decl"
}
],
"lang": "Tamil",
"lang_code": "ta",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"watching, caution, vigilance, preservation, defence, guard, protection"
],
"id": "en-காப்பு-ta-noun-qmz47sNp",
"links": [
[
"watching",
"watching"
],
[
"caution",
"caution"
],
[
"vigilance",
"vigilance"
],
[
"preservation",
"preservation"
],
[
"defence",
"defence"
],
[
"guard",
"guard"
],
[
"protection",
"protection"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"a thing that which serves as a protective"
],
"id": "en-காப்பு-ta-noun-p4AZJsxo",
"links": [
[
"thing",
"thing"
],
[
"serves",
"serve"
],
[
"protective",
"protective"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"Synonym of காப்புநாண் (kāppunāṇ)"
],
"id": "en-காப்பு-ta-noun-0B3FoeCr",
"links": [
[
"காப்புநாண்",
"காப்புநாண்#Tamil"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"extra": "kāppunāṇ",
"tags": [
"synonym",
"synonym-of"
],
"word": "காப்புநாண்"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "4 2 2 11 15 2 3 4 1 2 4 1 1 1 12 1 4 15 1 12 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"a string or cord tied around medicinal plants with mantras either by way preserving them from injury, or by way of attenuating their pernicious effects before using them in medicine."
],
"id": "en-காப்பு-ta-noun-wzoZPUMS",
"links": [
[
"string",
"string"
],
[
"cord",
"cord"
],
[
"tied",
"tie"
],
[
"medicinal",
"medicinal"
],
[
"plants",
"plant"
],
[
"mantras",
"mantra"
],
[
"preserving",
"preserve"
],
[
"injury",
"injury"
],
[
"attenuating",
"attenuate"
],
[
"pernicious",
"pernicious"
],
[
"effects",
"effect"
],
[
"medicine",
"medicine"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "4 2 2 11 15 2 3 4 1 2 4 1 1 1 12 1 4 15 1 12 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"invocation of deities at the commencement of a poem to facilitate its successful completion"
],
"id": "en-காப்பு-ta-noun-19Bb44Vi",
"links": [
[
"invocation",
"invocation"
],
[
"deities",
"deity"
],
[
"commencement",
"commencement"
],
[
"poem",
"poem"
],
[
"facilitate",
"facilitate"
],
[
"completion",
"completion"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"Synonym of காப்புப்பருவம் (kāppupparuvam)"
],
"id": "en-காப்பு-ta-noun-DwahcowC",
"links": [
[
"காப்புப்பருவம்",
"காப்புப்பருவம்#Tamil"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"extra": "kāppupparuvam",
"tags": [
"synonym",
"synonym-of"
],
"word": "காப்புப்பருவம்"
}
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"sacred ashes, as an amulet"
],
"id": "en-காப்பு-ta-noun-jfe20FOo",
"links": [
[
"sacred",
"sacred"
],
[
"ashes",
"ash"
],
[
"amulet",
"amulet"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"bangle, bracelet, anklet"
],
"id": "en-காப்பு-ta-noun-~4yeHxvl",
"links": [
[
"bangle",
"bangle"
],
[
"bracelet",
"bracelet"
],
[
"anklet",
"anklet"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"fence, hedge"
],
"id": "en-காப்பு-ta-noun-pv79KKJ9",
"links": [
[
"fence",
"fence"
],
[
"hedge",
"hedge"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"surrounding wall, fortification"
],
"id": "en-காப்பு-ta-noun-1Egu906n",
"links": [
[
"surrounding",
"surround"
],
[
"wall",
"wall"
],
[
"fortification",
"fortification"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"a mound within a fort"
],
"id": "en-காப்பு-ta-noun-bIZ9DESx",
"links": [
[
"mound",
"mound"
],
[
"fort",
"fort"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"door"
],
"id": "en-காப்பு-ta-noun-JTTi3h3s",
"links": [
[
"door",
"door"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"a bolt of a door"
],
"id": "en-காப்பு-ta-noun-WD0OHbs8",
"links": [
[
"bolt",
"bolt"
],
[
"door",
"door"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"royal seal"
],
"id": "en-காப்பு-ta-noun-2dUeDKXq",
"links": [
[
"royal",
"royal"
],
[
"seal",
"seal"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "4 2 2 11 15 2 3 4 1 2 4 1 1 1 12 1 4 15 1 12 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"the running cord connecting the leaves of a cadjan manuscript"
],
"id": "en-காப்பு-ta-noun-LsJDbZ-i",
"links": [
[
"running",
"run"
],
[
"cord",
"cord"
],
[
"leaves",
"leave"
],
[
"cadjan",
"cadjan"
],
[
"manuscript",
"manuscript"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"a place of special protection"
],
"id": "en-காப்பு-ta-noun-64OSN1uv",
"links": [
[
"place",
"place"
],
[
"special",
"special"
],
[
"protection",
"protection"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"a village, as in a pastoral region"
],
"id": "en-காப்பு-ta-noun-MbAxUE3I",
"links": [
[
"village",
"village"
],
[
"pastoral",
"pastoral"
],
[
"region",
"region"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "4 2 2 11 15 2 3 4 1 2 4 1 1 1 12 1 4 15 1 12 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"guardian deities of the eight points of the compass"
],
"id": "en-காப்பு-ta-noun-g3GCLkxW",
"links": [
[
"guardian",
"guardian"
],
[
"deities",
"deity"
],
[
"eight",
"eight"
],
[
"points",
"point"
],
[
"compass",
"compass"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"prison"
],
"id": "en-காப்பு-ta-noun-TVkbdrcX",
"links": [
[
"prison",
"prison"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "4 2 2 11 15 2 3 4 1 2 4 1 1 1 12 1 4 15 1 12 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "2 1 1 11 12 1 2 3 1 2 2 1 1 1 12 1 2 13 1 29 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "4 1 2 9 13 2 2 7 0 1 3 0 0 0 9 0 7 12 0 23 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Tamil entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "5 2 11 6 8 11 3 5 1 2 4 1 1 1 7 1 4 9 1 15 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Tamil terms suffixed with -ப்பு",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "5 2 3 7 11 3 3 10 1 2 4 1 1 1 7 1 7 11 1 18 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Tamil terms with redundant script codes",
"parents": [
"Terms with redundant script codes",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"sandals"
],
"id": "en-காப்பு-ta-noun-W-rCfOaR",
"links": [
[
"sandals",
"sandal"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"objects of enjoyment by a king"
],
"id": "en-காப்பு-ta-noun-8TwQXpRR",
"links": [
[
"objects",
"objects"
],
[
"enjoyment",
"enjoyment"
],
[
"king",
"king"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/kaːpːʊ/"
},
{
"ipa": "[kaːpːɯ]"
}
],
"word": "காப்பு"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Tamil entries with incorrect language header",
"Tamil lemmas",
"Tamil nouns",
"Tamil terms suffixed with -ப்பு",
"Tamil terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Tamil terms with redundant script codes"
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "si",
"2": "කාප්පුව",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Sinhalese: කාප්පුව (kāppuwa)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Sinhalese: කාප්පුව (kāppuwa)"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ta",
"2": "கா",
"3": "-ப்பு",
"t1": "to guard, protect"
},
"expansion": "கா (kā, “to guard, protect”) + -ப்பு (-ppu)",
"name": "suffix"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From கா (kā, “to guard, protect”) + -ப்பு (-ppu).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "kāppu",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "ta-decl",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "காப்பு",
"roman": "kāppu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "காப்புகள்",
"roman": "kāppukaḷ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "காப்பே",
"roman": "kāppē",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "காப்புகளே",
"roman": "kāppukaḷē",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "காப்பை",
"roman": "kāppai",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "காப்புகளை",
"roman": "kāppukaḷai",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "காப்புக்கு",
"roman": "kāppukku",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "காப்புகளுக்கு",
"roman": "kāppukaḷukku",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "காப்புக்காக",
"roman": "kāppukkāka",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"benefactive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "காப்புகளுக்காக",
"roman": "kāppukaḷukkāka",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"benefactive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "காப்புடைய",
"roman": "kāppuṭaiya",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"genitive-i",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "காப்புகளுடைய",
"roman": "kāppukaḷuṭaiya",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"genitive-i",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "காப்பின்",
"roman": "kāppiṉ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"genitive-ii",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "காப்புகளின்",
"roman": "kāppukaḷiṉ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"genitive-ii",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "காப்பில்",
"roman": "kāppil",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"locative-i",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "காப்புகளில்",
"roman": "kāppukaḷil",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"locative-i",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "காப்பிடம்",
"roman": "kāppiṭam",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"locative-ii",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "காப்புகளிடம்",
"roman": "kāppukaḷiṭam",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"locative-ii",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "காப்போடு",
"roman": "kāppōṭu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"sociative",
"sociative-i"
]
},
{
"form": "காப்புகளோடு",
"roman": "kāppukaḷōṭu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"sociative",
"sociative-i"
]
},
{
"form": "காப்புடன்",
"roman": "kāppuṭaṉ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"sociative",
"sociative-ii"
]
},
{
"form": "காப்புகளுடன்",
"roman": "kāppukaḷuṭaṉ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"sociative",
"sociative-ii"
]
},
{
"form": "காப்பால்",
"roman": "kāppāl",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "காப்புகளால்",
"roman": "kāppukaḷāl",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "காப்பிலிருந்து",
"roman": "kāppiliruntu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "காப்புகளிலிருந்து",
"roman": "kāppukaḷiliruntu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "காப்பு • (kāppu)",
"name": "ta-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"type": "root"
},
"name": "ta-decl"
}
],
"lang": "Tamil",
"lang_code": "ta",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"watching, caution, vigilance, preservation, defence, guard, protection"
],
"links": [
[
"watching",
"watching"
],
[
"caution",
"caution"
],
[
"vigilance",
"vigilance"
],
[
"preservation",
"preservation"
],
[
"defence",
"defence"
],
[
"guard",
"guard"
],
[
"protection",
"protection"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"a thing that which serves as a protective"
],
"links": [
[
"thing",
"thing"
],
[
"serves",
"serve"
],
[
"protective",
"protective"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"Synonym of காப்புநாண் (kāppunāṇ)"
],
"links": [
[
"காப்புநாண்",
"காப்புநாண்#Tamil"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"extra": "kāppunāṇ",
"tags": [
"synonym",
"synonym-of"
],
"word": "காப்புநாண்"
}
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"a string or cord tied around medicinal plants with mantras either by way preserving them from injury, or by way of attenuating their pernicious effects before using them in medicine."
],
"links": [
[
"string",
"string"
],
[
"cord",
"cord"
],
[
"tied",
"tie"
],
[
"medicinal",
"medicinal"
],
[
"plants",
"plant"
],
[
"mantras",
"mantra"
],
[
"preserving",
"preserve"
],
[
"injury",
"injury"
],
[
"attenuating",
"attenuate"
],
[
"pernicious",
"pernicious"
],
[
"effects",
"effect"
],
[
"medicine",
"medicine"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"invocation of deities at the commencement of a poem to facilitate its successful completion"
],
"links": [
[
"invocation",
"invocation"
],
[
"deities",
"deity"
],
[
"commencement",
"commencement"
],
[
"poem",
"poem"
],
[
"facilitate",
"facilitate"
],
[
"completion",
"completion"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"Synonym of காப்புப்பருவம் (kāppupparuvam)"
],
"links": [
[
"காப்புப்பருவம்",
"காப்புப்பருவம்#Tamil"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"extra": "kāppupparuvam",
"tags": [
"synonym",
"synonym-of"
],
"word": "காப்புப்பருவம்"
}
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"sacred ashes, as an amulet"
],
"links": [
[
"sacred",
"sacred"
],
[
"ashes",
"ash"
],
[
"amulet",
"amulet"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"bangle, bracelet, anklet"
],
"links": [
[
"bangle",
"bangle"
],
[
"bracelet",
"bracelet"
],
[
"anklet",
"anklet"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"fence, hedge"
],
"links": [
[
"fence",
"fence"
],
[
"hedge",
"hedge"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"surrounding wall, fortification"
],
"links": [
[
"surrounding",
"surround"
],
[
"wall",
"wall"
],
[
"fortification",
"fortification"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"a mound within a fort"
],
"links": [
[
"mound",
"mound"
],
[
"fort",
"fort"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"door"
],
"links": [
[
"door",
"door"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"a bolt of a door"
],
"links": [
[
"bolt",
"bolt"
],
[
"door",
"door"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"royal seal"
],
"links": [
[
"royal",
"royal"
],
[
"seal",
"seal"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"the running cord connecting the leaves of a cadjan manuscript"
],
"links": [
[
"running",
"run"
],
[
"cord",
"cord"
],
[
"leaves",
"leave"
],
[
"cadjan",
"cadjan"
],
[
"manuscript",
"manuscript"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"a place of special protection"
],
"links": [
[
"place",
"place"
],
[
"special",
"special"
],
[
"protection",
"protection"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"a village, as in a pastoral region"
],
"links": [
[
"village",
"village"
],
[
"pastoral",
"pastoral"
],
[
"region",
"region"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"guardian deities of the eight points of the compass"
],
"links": [
[
"guardian",
"guardian"
],
[
"deities",
"deity"
],
[
"eight",
"eight"
],
[
"points",
"point"
],
[
"compass",
"compass"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"prison"
],
"links": [
[
"prison",
"prison"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"sandals"
],
"links": [
[
"sandals",
"sandal"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"objects of enjoyment by a king"
],
"links": [
[
"objects",
"objects"
],
[
"enjoyment",
"enjoyment"
],
[
"king",
"king"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/kaːpːʊ/"
},
{
"ipa": "[kaːpːɯ]"
}
],
"word": "காப்பு"
}
Download raw JSONL data for காப்பு meaning in Tamil (8.2kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Tamil dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-11-06 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-10-02 using wiktextract (fbeafe8 and 7f03c9b). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.