"spak" meaning in Swedish

See spak in All languages combined, or Wiktionary

Adjective

Etymology: From Old Norse spakr (“wise, mild”). Etymology templates: {{inh|sv|non|spakr||wise, mild}} Old Norse spakr (“wise, mild”) Head templates: {{head|sv|adjective|||comparative|spakare|superlative|spakast|f2accel-form=comparative|f3accel-form=superlative|head=|sort=}} spak (comparative spakare, superlative spakast), {{sv-adj}} spak (comparative spakare, superlative spakast) Forms: spakare [comparative], spakast [superlative], no-table-tags [table-tags], spak [common-gender, indefinite, positive, singular], spakare [common-gender, comparative, indefinite, singular], spakast [common-gender, indefinite, singular, superlative], spakt [indefinite, neuter, positive, singular], spakare [comparative, indefinite, neuter, singular], spakast [indefinite, neuter, singular, superlative], spaka [indefinite, plural, positive], spakare [comparative, indefinite, plural], spakast [indefinite, plural, superlative], spake [indefinite, masculine, plural, positive], spakare [comparative, indefinite, masculine, plural], spakast [indefinite, masculine, plural, superlative], spake [definite, masculine, positive, singular], spakare [comparative, definite, masculine, singular], spakaste [definite, masculine, singular, superlative], spaka [definite, positive], spakare [comparative, definite], spakaste [definite, superlative]
  1. powerless, tired, obedient, tame, calm, easy, reasonable; of a person or animal that used to resist, but has given up the fight; of calm water Synonyms: foglig, kuvad, medgörlig Related terms: spakhet, spakna, spakvatten
    Sense id: en-spak-sv-adj-lAg3IePY Categories (other): Swedish entries with incorrect language header Disambiguation of Swedish entries with incorrect language header: 81 19
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Etymology number: 1

Noun

Etymology: From Old Swedish spaker (“rod, stick, lever”), from Middle Low German spake, cognate with Danish spag (“spoke”), Dutch spaak (“spoke”), and English spoke. Etymology templates: {{der|sv|gmq-osw|spaker||rod, stick, lever}} Old Swedish spaker (“rod, stick, lever”), {{der|sv|gml|spake}} Middle Low German spake, {{cog|da|spag||spoke}} Danish spag (“spoke”), {{cog|nl|spaak||spoke}} Dutch spaak (“spoke”), {{cog|en|spoke}} English spoke Head templates: {{head|sv|nouns||g=c|g2=|head=|sort=}} spak c, {{sv-noun|c}} spak c Inflection templates: {{sv-infl-noun-c-ar}}, {{sv-decl-noun|spak|spaken|spakar|spakarna|spaks|spakens|spakars|spakarnas|base=spak|definitions=|gender=Common}} Forms: no-table-tags [table-tags], spak [indefinite, nominative, singular], spaken [definite, nominative, singular], spakar [indefinite, nominative, plural], spakarna [definite, nominative, plural], spaks [genitive, indefinite, singular], spakens [definite, genitive, singular], spakars [genitive, indefinite, plural], spakarnas [definite, genitive, plural]
  1. a lever used to control some machine; a lever, a rod, a handle, a stick, a joystick, a control Tags: common-gender Synonyms: grepp, handtag, reglage, stång Related terms: spaka, spakblock, spakmanövrerad, styrspak, växelspak
    Sense id: en-spak-sv-noun-IlJMSxWC
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Etymology number: 2

Inflected forms

Download JSON data for spak meaning in Swedish (6.5kB)

{
  "etymology_number": 1,
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sv",
        "2": "non",
        "3": "spakr",
        "4": "",
        "5": "wise, mild"
      },
      "expansion": "Old Norse spakr (“wise, mild”)",
      "name": "inh"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Old Norse spakr (“wise, mild”).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "spakare",
      "tags": [
        "comparative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "spakast",
      "tags": [
        "superlative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sv-adj-reg",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "spak",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "common-gender",
        "indefinite",
        "positive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "spakare",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "common-gender",
        "comparative",
        "indefinite",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "spakast",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "common-gender",
        "indefinite",
        "singular",
        "superlative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "spakt",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "indefinite",
        "neuter",
        "positive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "spakare",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "comparative",
        "indefinite",
        "neuter",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "spakast",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "indefinite",
        "neuter",
        "singular",
        "superlative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "spaka",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "indefinite",
        "plural",
        "positive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "spakare",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "comparative",
        "indefinite",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "spakast",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "indefinite",
        "plural",
        "superlative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "spake",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "indefinite",
        "masculine",
        "plural",
        "positive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "spakare",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "comparative",
        "indefinite",
        "masculine",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "spakast",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "indefinite",
        "masculine",
        "plural",
        "superlative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "spake",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "definite",
        "masculine",
        "positive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "spakare",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "comparative",
        "definite",
        "masculine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "spakaste",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "definite",
        "masculine",
        "singular",
        "superlative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "spaka",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "definite",
        "positive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "spakare",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "comparative",
        "definite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "spakaste",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "definite",
        "superlative"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sv",
        "2": "adjective",
        "3": "",
        "4": "",
        "5": "comparative",
        "6": "spakare",
        "7": "superlative",
        "8": "spakast",
        "f2accel-form": "comparative",
        "f3accel-form": "superlative",
        "head": "",
        "sort": ""
      },
      "expansion": "spak (comparative spakare, superlative spakast)",
      "name": "head"
    },
    {
      "args": {},
      "expansion": "spak (comparative spakare, superlative spakast)",
      "name": "sv-adj"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Swedish",
  "lang_code": "sv",
  "pos": "adj",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "81 19",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Swedish entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "tame as a lamb",
          "text": "spak som ett lamm"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "powerless, tired, obedient, tame, calm, easy, reasonable; of a person or animal that used to resist, but has given up the fight; of calm water"
      ],
      "id": "en-spak-sv-adj-lAg3IePY",
      "links": [
        [
          "powerless",
          "powerless"
        ],
        [
          "tired",
          "tired"
        ],
        [
          "obedient",
          "obedient"
        ],
        [
          "tame",
          "tame"
        ],
        [
          "calm",
          "calm"
        ],
        [
          "easy",
          "easy"
        ],
        [
          "reasonable",
          "reasonable"
        ]
      ],
      "related": [
        {
          "word": "spakhet"
        },
        {
          "word": "spakna"
        },
        {
          "word": "spakvatten"
        }
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "foglig"
        },
        {
          "word": "kuvad"
        },
        {
          "word": "medgörlig"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "spak"
}

{
  "etymology_number": 2,
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sv",
        "2": "gmq-osw",
        "3": "spaker",
        "4": "",
        "5": "rod, stick, lever"
      },
      "expansion": "Old Swedish spaker (“rod, stick, lever”)",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sv",
        "2": "gml",
        "3": "spake"
      },
      "expansion": "Middle Low German spake",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "da",
        "2": "spag",
        "3": "",
        "4": "spoke"
      },
      "expansion": "Danish spag (“spoke”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "nl",
        "2": "spaak",
        "3": "",
        "4": "spoke"
      },
      "expansion": "Dutch spaak (“spoke”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "spoke"
      },
      "expansion": "English spoke",
      "name": "cog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Old Swedish spaker (“rod, stick, lever”), from Middle Low German spake, cognate with Danish spag (“spoke”), Dutch spaak (“spoke”), and English spoke.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sv-infl-noun-c-ar",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "spak",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "indefinite",
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "spaken",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "definite",
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "spakar",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "indefinite",
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "spakarna",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "definite",
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "spaks",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "indefinite",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "spakens",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "definite",
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "spakars",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "indefinite",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "spakarnas",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "definite",
        "genitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sv",
        "2": "nouns",
        "3": "",
        "g": "c",
        "g2": "",
        "head": "",
        "sort": ""
      },
      "expansion": "spak c",
      "name": "head"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "c"
      },
      "expansion": "spak c",
      "name": "sv-noun"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
      "name": "sv-infl-noun-c-ar"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "spak",
        "2": "spaken",
        "3": "spakar",
        "4": "spakarna",
        "5": "spaks",
        "6": "spakens",
        "7": "spakars",
        "8": "spakarnas",
        "base": "spak",
        "definitions": "",
        "gender": "Common"
      },
      "name": "sv-decl-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Swedish",
  "lang_code": "sv",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "He pulled the lever",
          "text": "Han drog i spaken",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "english": "The Nazis are in control",
          "text": "Nazisterna sitter vid spakarna",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "a lever used to control some machine; a lever, a rod, a handle, a stick, a joystick, a control"
      ],
      "id": "en-spak-sv-noun-IlJMSxWC",
      "links": [
        [
          "lever",
          "lever"
        ],
        [
          "rod",
          "rod"
        ],
        [
          "handle",
          "handle"
        ],
        [
          "stick",
          "stick"
        ],
        [
          "joystick",
          "joystick"
        ],
        [
          "control",
          "control"
        ]
      ],
      "related": [
        {
          "word": "spaka"
        },
        {
          "word": "spakblock"
        },
        {
          "word": "spakmanövrerad"
        },
        {
          "word": "styrspak"
        },
        {
          "word": "växelspak"
        }
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "grepp"
        },
        {
          "word": "handtag"
        },
        {
          "word": "reglage"
        },
        {
          "word": "stång"
        }
      ],
      "tags": [
        "common-gender"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "spak"
}
{
  "categories": [
    "Swedish adjectives",
    "Swedish common-gender nouns",
    "Swedish entries with incorrect language header",
    "Swedish lemmas",
    "Swedish nouns",
    "Swedish terms derived from Middle Low German",
    "Swedish terms derived from Old Norse",
    "Swedish terms derived from Old Swedish",
    "Swedish terms inherited from Old Norse",
    "Tok Pisin adjectives",
    "Tok Pisin entries with incorrect language header",
    "Tok Pisin lemmas",
    "Tok Pisin nouns",
    "Tok Pisin terms derived from English"
  ],
  "etymology_number": 1,
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sv",
        "2": "non",
        "3": "spakr",
        "4": "",
        "5": "wise, mild"
      },
      "expansion": "Old Norse spakr (“wise, mild”)",
      "name": "inh"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Old Norse spakr (“wise, mild”).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "spakare",
      "tags": [
        "comparative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "spakast",
      "tags": [
        "superlative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sv-adj-reg",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "spak",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "common-gender",
        "indefinite",
        "positive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "spakare",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "common-gender",
        "comparative",
        "indefinite",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "spakast",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "common-gender",
        "indefinite",
        "singular",
        "superlative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "spakt",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "indefinite",
        "neuter",
        "positive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "spakare",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "comparative",
        "indefinite",
        "neuter",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "spakast",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "indefinite",
        "neuter",
        "singular",
        "superlative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "spaka",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "indefinite",
        "plural",
        "positive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "spakare",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "comparative",
        "indefinite",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "spakast",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "indefinite",
        "plural",
        "superlative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "spake",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "indefinite",
        "masculine",
        "plural",
        "positive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "spakare",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "comparative",
        "indefinite",
        "masculine",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "spakast",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "indefinite",
        "masculine",
        "plural",
        "superlative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "spake",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "definite",
        "masculine",
        "positive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "spakare",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "comparative",
        "definite",
        "masculine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "spakaste",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "definite",
        "masculine",
        "singular",
        "superlative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "spaka",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "definite",
        "positive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "spakare",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "comparative",
        "definite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "spakaste",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "definite",
        "superlative"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sv",
        "2": "adjective",
        "3": "",
        "4": "",
        "5": "comparative",
        "6": "spakare",
        "7": "superlative",
        "8": "spakast",
        "f2accel-form": "comparative",
        "f3accel-form": "superlative",
        "head": "",
        "sort": ""
      },
      "expansion": "spak (comparative spakare, superlative spakast)",
      "name": "head"
    },
    {
      "args": {},
      "expansion": "spak (comparative spakare, superlative spakast)",
      "name": "sv-adj"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Swedish",
  "lang_code": "sv",
  "pos": "adj",
  "related": [
    {
      "word": "spakhet"
    },
    {
      "word": "spakna"
    },
    {
      "word": "spakvatten"
    }
  ],
  "senses": [
    {
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "tame as a lamb",
          "text": "spak som ett lamm"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "powerless, tired, obedient, tame, calm, easy, reasonable; of a person or animal that used to resist, but has given up the fight; of calm water"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "powerless",
          "powerless"
        ],
        [
          "tired",
          "tired"
        ],
        [
          "obedient",
          "obedient"
        ],
        [
          "tame",
          "tame"
        ],
        [
          "calm",
          "calm"
        ],
        [
          "easy",
          "easy"
        ],
        [
          "reasonable",
          "reasonable"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "synonyms": [
    {
      "word": "foglig"
    },
    {
      "word": "kuvad"
    },
    {
      "word": "medgörlig"
    }
  ],
  "word": "spak"
}

{
  "categories": [
    "Swedish common-gender nouns",
    "Swedish entries with incorrect language header",
    "Swedish lemmas",
    "Swedish nouns",
    "Swedish terms derived from Middle Low German",
    "Swedish terms derived from Old Swedish",
    "Tok Pisin adjectives",
    "Tok Pisin entries with incorrect language header",
    "Tok Pisin lemmas",
    "Tok Pisin nouns",
    "Tok Pisin terms derived from English"
  ],
  "etymology_number": 2,
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sv",
        "2": "gmq-osw",
        "3": "spaker",
        "4": "",
        "5": "rod, stick, lever"
      },
      "expansion": "Old Swedish spaker (“rod, stick, lever”)",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sv",
        "2": "gml",
        "3": "spake"
      },
      "expansion": "Middle Low German spake",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "da",
        "2": "spag",
        "3": "",
        "4": "spoke"
      },
      "expansion": "Danish spag (“spoke”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "nl",
        "2": "spaak",
        "3": "",
        "4": "spoke"
      },
      "expansion": "Dutch spaak (“spoke”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "spoke"
      },
      "expansion": "English spoke",
      "name": "cog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Old Swedish spaker (“rod, stick, lever”), from Middle Low German spake, cognate with Danish spag (“spoke”), Dutch spaak (“spoke”), and English spoke.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sv-infl-noun-c-ar",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "spak",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "indefinite",
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "spaken",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "definite",
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "spakar",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "indefinite",
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "spakarna",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "definite",
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "spaks",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "indefinite",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "spakens",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "definite",
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "spakars",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "indefinite",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "spakarnas",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "definite",
        "genitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sv",
        "2": "nouns",
        "3": "",
        "g": "c",
        "g2": "",
        "head": "",
        "sort": ""
      },
      "expansion": "spak c",
      "name": "head"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "c"
      },
      "expansion": "spak c",
      "name": "sv-noun"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
      "name": "sv-infl-noun-c-ar"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "spak",
        "2": "spaken",
        "3": "spakar",
        "4": "spakarna",
        "5": "spaks",
        "6": "spakens",
        "7": "spakars",
        "8": "spakarnas",
        "base": "spak",
        "definitions": "",
        "gender": "Common"
      },
      "name": "sv-decl-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Swedish",
  "lang_code": "sv",
  "pos": "noun",
  "related": [
    {
      "word": "spaka"
    },
    {
      "word": "spakblock"
    },
    {
      "word": "spakmanövrerad"
    },
    {
      "word": "styrspak"
    },
    {
      "word": "växelspak"
    }
  ],
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "Swedish terms with usage examples"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "He pulled the lever",
          "text": "Han drog i spaken",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "english": "The Nazis are in control",
          "text": "Nazisterna sitter vid spakarna",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "a lever used to control some machine; a lever, a rod, a handle, a stick, a joystick, a control"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "lever",
          "lever"
        ],
        [
          "rod",
          "rod"
        ],
        [
          "handle",
          "handle"
        ],
        [
          "stick",
          "stick"
        ],
        [
          "joystick",
          "joystick"
        ],
        [
          "control",
          "control"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "common-gender"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "synonyms": [
    {
      "word": "grepp"
    },
    {
      "word": "handtag"
    },
    {
      "word": "reglage"
    },
    {
      "word": "stång"
    }
  ],
  "word": "spak"
}

This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Swedish dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-05-10 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-05-02 using wiktextract (a644e18 and edd475d). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.