See kosoa in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
Download JSON data for kosoa meaning in Swahili (15.8kB)
{
"forms": [
{
"form": "-kosoa",
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "kukosoa",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "sw-conj",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "kukosoa",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "kutokosoa",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"infinitive",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "sw-conj",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "kosoa",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kosoeni",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "sw-conj",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "hukosoa",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"habitual"
]
},
{
"form": "positive subject concord + -likosoa",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "negative subject concord + -kukosoa",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"negative",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "sw-conj",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "ninakosoa",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "nakosoa",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "tunakosoa",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "unakosoa",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "mnakosoa",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "anakosoa",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-1",
"class-2",
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "wanakosoa",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-1",
"class-2",
"plural",
"present",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "positive subject concord + -nakosoa",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "sw-conj",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "sikosoi",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"negative",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "hatukosoi",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"negative",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "hukosoi",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"negative",
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "hamkosoi",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"negative",
"plural",
"present",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "hakosoi",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-1",
"class-2",
"negative",
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "hawakosoi",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-1",
"class-2",
"negative",
"plural",
"present",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "negative subject concord + -kosoi",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"negative",
"present",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "sw-conj",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "positive subject concord + -takosoa",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future"
]
},
{
"form": "negative subject concord + -takosoa",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "sw-conj",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "nikosoe",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "tukosoe",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"plural",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "ukosoe",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"second-person",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "mkosoe",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"plural",
"second-person",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "akosoe",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-1",
"class-2",
"singular",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "wakosoe",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-1",
"class-2",
"plural",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "positive subject concord + -kosoe",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "sw-conj",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "positive subject concord + -sikosoe",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"negative",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "positive subject concord + -ngekosoa",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"irrealis",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "positive subject concord + -singekosoa",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"irrealis",
"negative",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "positive subject concord + -ngalikosoa",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"irrealis",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "positive subject concord + -singalikosoa",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"irrealis",
"negative",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "sw-conj",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "nakosoa",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"gnomic",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "twakosoa",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"gnomic",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "wakosoa",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"gnomic",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "mwakosoa",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"gnomic",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "akosoa",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-1",
"class-2",
"gnomic",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "wakosoa",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-1",
"class-2",
"gnomic",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "wakosoa",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-3",
"class-4",
"gnomic",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "yakosoa",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-3",
"class-4",
"gnomic",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "lakosoa",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-5",
"class-6",
"gnomic",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "yakosoa",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-5",
"class-6",
"gnomic",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "chakosoa",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-7",
"class-8",
"gnomic",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "vyakosoa",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-7",
"class-8",
"gnomic",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "yakosoa",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-10",
"class-9",
"gnomic",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "zakosoa",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-10",
"class-9",
"gnomic",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "wakosoa",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-11",
"gnomic",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "kwakosoa",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-15",
"class-17",
"gnomic",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "pakosoa",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-16",
"gnomic",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "mwakosoa",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-18",
"gnomic",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "sw-conj",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "positive subject concord + -mekosoa",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"perfect"
]
},
{
"form": "positive subject concord + -meshakosoa",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"already-form"
]
},
{
"form": "negative subject concord + -jakosoa",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"not-yet-form"
]
},
{
"form": "positive subject concord + -kikosoa",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"if-when-form"
]
},
{
"form": "positive subject concord + -sipokosoa",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"if-not-form"
]
},
{
"form": "kakosoa / positive subject concord + -kakosoa",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"consecutive"
]
},
{
"form": "positive subject concord + -kakosoe",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"consecutive",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "sw-conj",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "-nikosoa",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"indicative",
"object-concord",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-tukosoa",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"indicative",
"object-concord",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-kukosoa",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"object-concord",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-wakosoa",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"object-concord",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-kukosoeni",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"object-concord",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-wakosoeni",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"object-concord",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-mkosoa",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-1",
"class-2",
"indicative",
"object-concord",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-wakosoa",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-1",
"class-2",
"indicative",
"object-concord",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-ukosoa",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-3",
"class-4",
"indicative",
"object-concord",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-ikosoa",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-3",
"class-4",
"indicative",
"object-concord",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-likosoa",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-5",
"class-6",
"indicative",
"object-concord",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-yakosoa",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-5",
"class-6",
"indicative",
"object-concord",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-kikosoa",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-7",
"class-8",
"indicative",
"object-concord",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-vikosoa",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-7",
"class-8",
"indicative",
"object-concord",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-ikosoa",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-10",
"class-9",
"indicative",
"object-concord",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-zikosoa",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-10",
"class-9",
"indicative",
"object-concord",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-ukosoa",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-11",
"indicative",
"object-concord",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-kukosoa",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-15",
"class-17",
"indicative",
"object-concord",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-pakosoa",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-16",
"indicative",
"object-concord",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-mukosoa",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-18",
"indicative",
"object-concord",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-jikosoa",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"object-concord",
"reflexive"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "sw-conj",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "General positive (positive subject concord + (object concord) + -kosoa- + relative marker)",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"object-concord",
"relative"
]
},
{
"form": "-kosoaye",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-1",
"class-2",
"object-concord",
"relative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-kosoao",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-1",
"class-2",
"object-concord",
"plural",
"relative"
]
},
{
"form": "-kosoao",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-3",
"class-4",
"object-concord",
"relative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-kosoayo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-3",
"class-4",
"object-concord",
"plural",
"relative"
]
},
{
"form": "-kosoalo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-5",
"class-6",
"object-concord",
"relative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-kosoayo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-5",
"class-6",
"object-concord",
"plural",
"relative"
]
},
{
"form": "-kosoacho",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-7",
"class-8",
"object-concord",
"relative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-kosoavyo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-7",
"class-8",
"object-concord",
"plural",
"relative"
]
},
{
"form": "-kosoayo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-10",
"class-9",
"object-concord",
"relative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-kosoazo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-10",
"class-9",
"object-concord",
"plural",
"relative"
]
},
{
"form": "-kosoao",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-11",
"object-concord",
"relative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-kosoako",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-15",
"class-17",
"object-concord",
"relative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-kosoapo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-16",
"object-concord",
"relative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-kosoamo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-18",
"object-concord",
"relative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "sw-conj",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "Other forms (subject concord + tense marker + relative marker + (object concord) + -kosoa)",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"object-concord",
"relative"
]
},
{
"form": "-yekosoa",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-1",
"class-2",
"object-concord",
"relative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-okosoa",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-1",
"class-2",
"object-concord",
"plural",
"relative"
]
},
{
"form": "-okosoa",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-3",
"class-4",
"object-concord",
"relative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-yokosoa",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-3",
"class-4",
"object-concord",
"plural",
"relative"
]
},
{
"form": "-lokosoa",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-5",
"class-6",
"object-concord",
"relative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-yokosoa",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-5",
"class-6",
"object-concord",
"plural",
"relative"
]
},
{
"form": "-chokosoa",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-7",
"class-8",
"object-concord",
"relative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-vyokosoa",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-7",
"class-8",
"object-concord",
"plural",
"relative"
]
},
{
"form": "-yokosoa",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-10",
"class-9",
"object-concord",
"relative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-zokosoa",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-10",
"class-9",
"object-concord",
"plural",
"relative"
]
},
{
"form": "-okosoa",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-11",
"object-concord",
"relative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-kokosoa",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-15",
"class-17",
"object-concord",
"relative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-pokosoa",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-16",
"object-concord",
"relative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-mokosoa",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-18",
"object-concord",
"relative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "sw-conj",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "Some forms not commonly seen in modern Standard Swahili are absent from the table. See Appendix:Swahili verbs for more information.",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"object-concord",
"relative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "-kosoa (infinitive kukosoa)",
"name": "sw-verb"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "sw-conj"
}
],
"lang": "Swahili",
"lang_code": "sw",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Swahili entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"derived": [
{
"english": "critic",
"sense": "Nominal derivations",
"word": "mkosoaji"
},
{
"english": "criticism",
"sense": "Nominal derivations",
"word": "ukosoaji"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to criticize"
],
"id": "en-kosoa-sw-verb-1kpJMkev",
"links": [
[
"criticize",
"criticize"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"audio": "Sw-ke-kosoa.flac",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/2/27/Sw-ke-kosoa.flac/Sw-ke-kosoa.flac.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/2/27/Sw-ke-kosoa.flac/Sw-ke-kosoa.flac.ogg"
}
],
"word": "kosoa"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"english": "critic",
"sense": "Nominal derivations",
"word": "mkosoaji"
},
{
"english": "criticism",
"sense": "Nominal derivations",
"word": "ukosoaji"
}
],
"forms": [
{
"form": "-kosoa",
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "kukosoa",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "sw-conj",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "kukosoa",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "kutokosoa",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"infinitive",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "sw-conj",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "kosoa",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kosoeni",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "sw-conj",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "hukosoa",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"habitual"
]
},
{
"form": "positive subject concord + -likosoa",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "negative subject concord + -kukosoa",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"negative",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "sw-conj",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "ninakosoa",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "nakosoa",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "tunakosoa",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "unakosoa",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "mnakosoa",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "anakosoa",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-1",
"class-2",
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "wanakosoa",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-1",
"class-2",
"plural",
"present",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "positive subject concord + -nakosoa",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "sw-conj",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "sikosoi",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"negative",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "hatukosoi",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"negative",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "hukosoi",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"negative",
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "hamkosoi",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"negative",
"plural",
"present",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "hakosoi",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-1",
"class-2",
"negative",
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "hawakosoi",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-1",
"class-2",
"negative",
"plural",
"present",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "negative subject concord + -kosoi",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"negative",
"present",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "sw-conj",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "positive subject concord + -takosoa",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future"
]
},
{
"form": "negative subject concord + -takosoa",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "sw-conj",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "nikosoe",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "tukosoe",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"plural",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "ukosoe",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"second-person",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "mkosoe",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"plural",
"second-person",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "akosoe",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-1",
"class-2",
"singular",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "wakosoe",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-1",
"class-2",
"plural",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "positive subject concord + -kosoe",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "sw-conj",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "positive subject concord + -sikosoe",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"negative",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "positive subject concord + -ngekosoa",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"irrealis",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "positive subject concord + -singekosoa",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"irrealis",
"negative",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "positive subject concord + -ngalikosoa",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"irrealis",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "positive subject concord + -singalikosoa",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"irrealis",
"negative",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "sw-conj",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "nakosoa",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"gnomic",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "twakosoa",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"gnomic",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "wakosoa",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"gnomic",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "mwakosoa",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"gnomic",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "akosoa",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-1",
"class-2",
"gnomic",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "wakosoa",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-1",
"class-2",
"gnomic",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "wakosoa",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-3",
"class-4",
"gnomic",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "yakosoa",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-3",
"class-4",
"gnomic",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "lakosoa",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-5",
"class-6",
"gnomic",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "yakosoa",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-5",
"class-6",
"gnomic",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "chakosoa",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-7",
"class-8",
"gnomic",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "vyakosoa",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-7",
"class-8",
"gnomic",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "yakosoa",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-10",
"class-9",
"gnomic",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "zakosoa",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-10",
"class-9",
"gnomic",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "wakosoa",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-11",
"gnomic",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "kwakosoa",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-15",
"class-17",
"gnomic",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "pakosoa",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-16",
"gnomic",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "mwakosoa",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-18",
"gnomic",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "sw-conj",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "positive subject concord + -mekosoa",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"perfect"
]
},
{
"form": "positive subject concord + -meshakosoa",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"already-form"
]
},
{
"form": "negative subject concord + -jakosoa",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"not-yet-form"
]
},
{
"form": "positive subject concord + -kikosoa",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"if-when-form"
]
},
{
"form": "positive subject concord + -sipokosoa",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"if-not-form"
]
},
{
"form": "kakosoa / positive subject concord + -kakosoa",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"consecutive"
]
},
{
"form": "positive subject concord + -kakosoe",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"consecutive",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "sw-conj",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "-nikosoa",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"indicative",
"object-concord",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-tukosoa",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"indicative",
"object-concord",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-kukosoa",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"object-concord",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-wakosoa",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"object-concord",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-kukosoeni",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"object-concord",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-wakosoeni",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"object-concord",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-mkosoa",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-1",
"class-2",
"indicative",
"object-concord",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-wakosoa",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-1",
"class-2",
"indicative",
"object-concord",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-ukosoa",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-3",
"class-4",
"indicative",
"object-concord",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-ikosoa",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-3",
"class-4",
"indicative",
"object-concord",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-likosoa",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-5",
"class-6",
"indicative",
"object-concord",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-yakosoa",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-5",
"class-6",
"indicative",
"object-concord",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-kikosoa",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-7",
"class-8",
"indicative",
"object-concord",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-vikosoa",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-7",
"class-8",
"indicative",
"object-concord",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-ikosoa",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-10",
"class-9",
"indicative",
"object-concord",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-zikosoa",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-10",
"class-9",
"indicative",
"object-concord",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-ukosoa",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-11",
"indicative",
"object-concord",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-kukosoa",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-15",
"class-17",
"indicative",
"object-concord",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-pakosoa",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-16",
"indicative",
"object-concord",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-mukosoa",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-18",
"indicative",
"object-concord",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-jikosoa",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"object-concord",
"reflexive"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "sw-conj",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "General positive (positive subject concord + (object concord) + -kosoa- + relative marker)",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"object-concord",
"relative"
]
},
{
"form": "-kosoaye",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-1",
"class-2",
"object-concord",
"relative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-kosoao",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-1",
"class-2",
"object-concord",
"plural",
"relative"
]
},
{
"form": "-kosoao",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-3",
"class-4",
"object-concord",
"relative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-kosoayo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-3",
"class-4",
"object-concord",
"plural",
"relative"
]
},
{
"form": "-kosoalo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-5",
"class-6",
"object-concord",
"relative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-kosoayo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-5",
"class-6",
"object-concord",
"plural",
"relative"
]
},
{
"form": "-kosoacho",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-7",
"class-8",
"object-concord",
"relative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-kosoavyo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-7",
"class-8",
"object-concord",
"plural",
"relative"
]
},
{
"form": "-kosoayo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-10",
"class-9",
"object-concord",
"relative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-kosoazo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-10",
"class-9",
"object-concord",
"plural",
"relative"
]
},
{
"form": "-kosoao",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-11",
"object-concord",
"relative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-kosoako",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-15",
"class-17",
"object-concord",
"relative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-kosoapo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-16",
"object-concord",
"relative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-kosoamo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-18",
"object-concord",
"relative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "sw-conj",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "Other forms (subject concord + tense marker + relative marker + (object concord) + -kosoa)",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"object-concord",
"relative"
]
},
{
"form": "-yekosoa",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-1",
"class-2",
"object-concord",
"relative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-okosoa",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-1",
"class-2",
"object-concord",
"plural",
"relative"
]
},
{
"form": "-okosoa",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-3",
"class-4",
"object-concord",
"relative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-yokosoa",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-3",
"class-4",
"object-concord",
"plural",
"relative"
]
},
{
"form": "-lokosoa",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-5",
"class-6",
"object-concord",
"relative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-yokosoa",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-5",
"class-6",
"object-concord",
"plural",
"relative"
]
},
{
"form": "-chokosoa",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-7",
"class-8",
"object-concord",
"relative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-vyokosoa",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-7",
"class-8",
"object-concord",
"plural",
"relative"
]
},
{
"form": "-yokosoa",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-10",
"class-9",
"object-concord",
"relative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-zokosoa",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-10",
"class-9",
"object-concord",
"plural",
"relative"
]
},
{
"form": "-okosoa",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-11",
"object-concord",
"relative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-kokosoa",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-15",
"class-17",
"object-concord",
"relative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-pokosoa",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-16",
"object-concord",
"relative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-mokosoa",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-18",
"object-concord",
"relative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "sw-conj",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "Some forms not commonly seen in modern Standard Swahili are absent from the table. See Appendix:Swahili verbs for more information.",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"object-concord",
"relative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "-kosoa (infinitive kukosoa)",
"name": "sw-verb"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "sw-conj"
}
],
"lang": "Swahili",
"lang_code": "sw",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Swahili entries with incorrect language header",
"Swahili lemmas",
"Swahili terms with audio links",
"Swahili verbs"
],
"glosses": [
"to criticize"
],
"links": [
[
"criticize",
"criticize"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"audio": "Sw-ke-kosoa.flac",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/2/27/Sw-ke-kosoa.flac/Sw-ke-kosoa.flac.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/2/27/Sw-ke-kosoa.flac/Sw-ke-kosoa.flac.ogg"
}
],
"word": "kosoa"
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/2512",
"msg": "rejected heuristic header: table cell identified as header based on style, BUT Swahili is not in LANGUAGES_WITH_CELLS_AS_HEADERS; cleaned text: Some forms not commonly seen in modern Standard Swahili are absent from the table. See Appendix:Swahili verbs for more information., style: background: #eff7ff; border: 1px solid #d0d0d0; text-align: center; line-height: 1.5em;////NodeKind.TABLE_CELL",
"path": [
"kosoa"
],
"section": "Swahili",
"subsection": "verb",
"title": "kosoa",
"trace": ""
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Swahili dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-06-19 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-06-06 using wiktextract (372f256 and 664a3bc). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.