"jua kali" meaning in Swahili

See jua kali in All languages combined, or Wiktionary

Noun

Audio: Sw-ke-jua kali.flac Forms: jua kali class IX [canonical], jua kali class X [plural]
Etymology: From jua (“sun”) + kali (“fierce”), literally “hot sun”. The sense of work comes from such work usually being carried out outdoor in the sun. Etymology templates: {{compound|sw|jua|kali|lit=hot sun|t1=sun|t2=fierce}} jua (“sun”) + kali (“fierce”), literally “hot sun” Head templates: {{sw-noun|n}} jua kali class IX (plural jua kali class X)
  1. (Kenya) craft or artisan work Tags: Kenya
    Sense id: en-jua_kali-sw-noun-wlByVJXg Categories (other): Kenyan Swahili
  2. (Kenya) informal sector Tags: Kenya
    Sense id: en-jua_kali-sw-noun-HGnNdyb3 Categories (other): Kenyan Swahili, Swahili entries with incorrect language header Disambiguation of Swahili entries with incorrect language header: 10 66 10 14
  3. (Kenya) shoddy work? Tags: Kenya
    Sense id: en-jua_kali-sw-noun-kJgAM6IE Categories (other): Kenyan Swahili
  4. Used other than figuratively or idiomatically: see jua, kali.
    Sense id: en-jua_kali-sw-noun-fOq7Gifs
{
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sw",
        "2": "jua",
        "3": "kali",
        "lit": "hot sun",
        "t1": "sun",
        "t2": "fierce"
      },
      "expansion": "jua (“sun”) + kali (“fierce”), literally “hot sun”",
      "name": "compound"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From jua (“sun”) + kali (“fierce”), literally “hot sun”. The sense of work comes from such work usually being carried out outdoor in the sun.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "jua kali class IX",
      "tags": [
        "canonical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "jua kali class X",
      "tags": [
        "plural"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "n"
      },
      "expansion": "jua kali class IX (plural jua kali class X)",
      "name": "sw-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Swahili",
  "lang_code": "sw",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Kenyan Swahili",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        }
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "ref": "2011 November 13, Mark Wiens, “Jua Kali – The Informal Kenyan Sector for “Git Er Done””, in Migrationology (in English):",
          "text": "Under the beating rays of the equatorial sunshine, shaded by plastic bags or at best beneath an antique sheet of mabati (tin roofing), jua kali entrepreneurs make it their mission to keep things alive and working.",
          "type": "quote"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "craft or artisan work"
      ],
      "id": "en-jua_kali-sw-noun-wlByVJXg",
      "links": [
        [
          "craft",
          "craft"
        ],
        [
          "artisan",
          "artisan"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(Kenya) craft or artisan work"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Kenya"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Kenyan Swahili",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "10 66 10 14",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Swahili entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "ref": "1996 October 13, Kenneth King, “Microenterprise: Macroeconomic environment: Revisiting Kenya's informal (jua kali) sector against the background of the formal globalising economy”, in International Journal of Educational Development, volume 16, number 4 (in English), pages 417-426:",
          "text": "Was it a question of graduating from the roadside, and from under the hot sun (jua kali) which had given the Kenyan informal sector its now current name to a permanent stone-built workshop?",
          "type": "quote"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "informal sector"
      ],
      "id": "en-jua_kali-sw-noun-HGnNdyb3",
      "links": [
        [
          "informal",
          "informal"
        ],
        [
          "sector",
          "sector"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(Kenya) informal sector"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Kenya"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Kenyan Swahili",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "shoddy work?"
      ],
      "id": "en-jua_kali-sw-noun-kJgAM6IE",
      "links": [
        [
          "shoddy",
          "shoddy"
        ],
        [
          "work",
          "work"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(Kenya) shoddy work?"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Kenya"
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "Used other than figuratively or idiomatically: see jua, kali."
      ],
      "id": "en-jua_kali-sw-noun-fOq7Gifs",
      "links": [
        [
          "jua",
          "jua#Swahili"
        ],
        [
          "kali",
          "kali#Swahili"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "audio": "Sw-ke-jua kali.flac",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/3/36/Sw-ke-jua_kali.flac/Sw-ke-jua_kali.flac.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/3/36/Sw-ke-jua_kali.flac/Sw-ke-jua_kali.flac.ogg"
    }
  ],
  "word": "jua kali"
}
{
  "categories": [
    "Pages with 2 entries",
    "Pages with entries",
    "Swahili class IX nouns",
    "Swahili compound terms",
    "Swahili entries with incorrect language header",
    "Swahili lemmas",
    "Swahili multiword terms",
    "Swahili nouns"
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sw",
        "2": "jua",
        "3": "kali",
        "lit": "hot sun",
        "t1": "sun",
        "t2": "fierce"
      },
      "expansion": "jua (“sun”) + kali (“fierce”), literally “hot sun”",
      "name": "compound"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From jua (“sun”) + kali (“fierce”), literally “hot sun”. The sense of work comes from such work usually being carried out outdoor in the sun.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "jua kali class IX",
      "tags": [
        "canonical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "jua kali class X",
      "tags": [
        "plural"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "n"
      },
      "expansion": "jua kali class IX (plural jua kali class X)",
      "name": "sw-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Swahili",
  "lang_code": "sw",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "Kenyan Swahili",
        "Swahili terms with quotations"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "ref": "2011 November 13, Mark Wiens, “Jua Kali – The Informal Kenyan Sector for “Git Er Done””, in Migrationology (in English):",
          "text": "Under the beating rays of the equatorial sunshine, shaded by plastic bags or at best beneath an antique sheet of mabati (tin roofing), jua kali entrepreneurs make it their mission to keep things alive and working.",
          "type": "quote"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "craft or artisan work"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "craft",
          "craft"
        ],
        [
          "artisan",
          "artisan"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(Kenya) craft or artisan work"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Kenya"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "Kenyan Swahili",
        "Swahili terms with quotations"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "ref": "1996 October 13, Kenneth King, “Microenterprise: Macroeconomic environment: Revisiting Kenya's informal (jua kali) sector against the background of the formal globalising economy”, in International Journal of Educational Development, volume 16, number 4 (in English), pages 417-426:",
          "text": "Was it a question of graduating from the roadside, and from under the hot sun (jua kali) which had given the Kenyan informal sector its now current name to a permanent stone-built workshop?",
          "type": "quote"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "informal sector"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "informal",
          "informal"
        ],
        [
          "sector",
          "sector"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(Kenya) informal sector"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Kenya"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "Kenyan Swahili"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "shoddy work?"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "shoddy",
          "shoddy"
        ],
        [
          "work",
          "work"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(Kenya) shoddy work?"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Kenya"
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "Used other than figuratively or idiomatically: see jua, kali."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "jua",
          "jua#Swahili"
        ],
        [
          "kali",
          "kali#Swahili"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "audio": "Sw-ke-jua kali.flac",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/3/36/Sw-ke-jua_kali.flac/Sw-ke-jua_kali.flac.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/3/36/Sw-ke-jua_kali.flac/Sw-ke-jua_kali.flac.ogg"
    }
  ],
  "word": "jua kali"
}

Download raw JSONL data for jua kali meaning in Swahili (2.9kB)


This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Swahili dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-02-15 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-02-02 using wiktextract (ca09fec and c40eb85). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.