See dharau in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
Download JSON data for dharau meaning in Swahili (18.4kB)
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "loanword",
"2": "Borrowed"
},
"expansion": "Borrowed",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sw",
"2": "ar",
"3": "",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Arabic [Term?]",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sw",
"2": "ar"
},
"expansion": "Borrowed from Arabic [Term?]",
"name": "bor+"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed from Arabic [Term?].",
"forms": [
{
"form": "dharau",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sw",
"2": "noun",
"head": ""
},
"expansion": "dharau",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "n"
},
"expansion": "dharau (n class, plural dharau)",
"name": "sw-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Swahili",
"lang_code": "sw",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "56 28 15",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Swahili entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "37 33 30",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Swahili verbs in the Arabic conjugation",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "58 40 2",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "sw",
"name": "Emotions",
"orig": "sw:Emotions",
"parents": [
"Mind",
"Human",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"scorn, contempt"
],
"id": "en-dharau-sw-noun-aJnwlrEi",
"links": [
[
"scorn",
"scorn"
],
[
"contempt",
"contempt"
]
],
"tags": [
"class-10",
"class-9"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"audio": "Sw-ke-dharau.flac",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/7/72/Sw-ke-dharau.flac/Sw-ke-dharau.flac.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/7/72/Sw-ke-dharau.flac/Sw-ke-dharau.flac.ogg",
"tags": [
"Kenya"
],
"text": "Audio (Kenya)"
}
],
"word": "dharau"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "loanword",
"2": "Borrowed"
},
"expansion": "Borrowed",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sw",
"2": "ar",
"3": "",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Arabic [Term?]",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sw",
"2": "ar"
},
"expansion": "Borrowed from Arabic [Term?]",
"name": "bor+"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed from Arabic [Term?].",
"forms": [
{
"form": "-dharau",
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "kudharau",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "sw-conj",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "kudharau",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "kutodharau",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"infinitive",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "sw-conj",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "dharau",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "dharauni",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "sw-conj",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "hudharau",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"habitual"
]
},
{
"form": "positive subject concord + -lidharau",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "negative subject concord + -kudharau",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"negative",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "sw-conj",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "ninadharau",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "nadharau",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "tunadharau",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "unadharau",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "mnadharau",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "anadharau",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-1",
"class-2",
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "wanadharau",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-1",
"class-2",
"plural",
"present",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "positive subject concord + -nadharau",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "sw-conj",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "sidharau",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"negative",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "hatudharau",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"negative",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "hudharau",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"negative",
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "hamdharau",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"negative",
"plural",
"present",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "hadharau",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-1",
"class-2",
"negative",
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "hawadharau",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-1",
"class-2",
"negative",
"plural",
"present",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "negative subject concord + -dharau",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"negative",
"present",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "sw-conj",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "positive subject concord + -tadharau",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future"
]
},
{
"form": "negative subject concord + -tadharau",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "sw-conj",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "nidharau",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "tudharau",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"plural",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "udharau",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"second-person",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "mdharau",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"plural",
"second-person",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "adharau",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-1",
"class-2",
"singular",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "wadharau",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-1",
"class-2",
"plural",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "positive subject concord + -dharau",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "sw-conj",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "positive subject concord + -sidharau",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"negative",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "positive subject concord + -ngedharau",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"irrealis",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "positive subject concord + -singedharau",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"irrealis",
"negative",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "positive subject concord + -ngalidharau",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"irrealis",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "positive subject concord + -singalidharau",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"irrealis",
"negative",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "sw-conj",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "nadharau",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"gnomic",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "twadharau",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"gnomic",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "wadharau",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"gnomic",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "mwadharau",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"gnomic",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "adharau",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-1",
"class-2",
"gnomic",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "wadharau",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-1",
"class-2",
"gnomic",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "wadharau",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-3",
"class-4",
"gnomic",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "yadharau",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-3",
"class-4",
"gnomic",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "ladharau",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-5",
"class-6",
"gnomic",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "yadharau",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-5",
"class-6",
"gnomic",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "chadharau",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-7",
"class-8",
"gnomic",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "vyadharau",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-7",
"class-8",
"gnomic",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "yadharau",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-10",
"class-9",
"gnomic",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "zadharau",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-10",
"class-9",
"gnomic",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "wadharau",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-11",
"gnomic",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "kwadharau",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-15",
"class-17",
"gnomic",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "padharau",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-16",
"gnomic",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "mwadharau",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-18",
"gnomic",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "sw-conj",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "positive subject concord + -medharau",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"perfect"
]
},
{
"form": "positive subject concord + -meshadharau",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"already-form"
]
},
{
"form": "negative subject concord + -jadharau",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"not-yet-form"
]
},
{
"form": "positive subject concord + -kidharau",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"if-when-form"
]
},
{
"form": "positive subject concord + -sipodharau",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"if-not-form"
]
},
{
"form": "kadharau / positive subject concord + -kadharau",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"consecutive"
]
},
{
"form": "positive subject concord + -kadharau",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"consecutive",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "sw-conj",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "-nidharau",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"indicative",
"object-concord",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-tudharau",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"indicative",
"object-concord",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-kudharau",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"object-concord",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-wadharau",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"object-concord",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-kudharauni",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"object-concord",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-wadharauni",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"object-concord",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-mdharau",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-1",
"class-2",
"indicative",
"object-concord",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-wadharau",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-1",
"class-2",
"indicative",
"object-concord",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-udharau",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-3",
"class-4",
"indicative",
"object-concord",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-idharau",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-3",
"class-4",
"indicative",
"object-concord",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-lidharau",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-5",
"class-6",
"indicative",
"object-concord",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-yadharau",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-5",
"class-6",
"indicative",
"object-concord",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-kidharau",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-7",
"class-8",
"indicative",
"object-concord",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-vidharau",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-7",
"class-8",
"indicative",
"object-concord",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-idharau",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-10",
"class-9",
"indicative",
"object-concord",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-zidharau",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-10",
"class-9",
"indicative",
"object-concord",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-udharau",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-11",
"indicative",
"object-concord",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-kudharau",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-15",
"class-17",
"indicative",
"object-concord",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-padharau",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-16",
"indicative",
"object-concord",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-mudharau",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-18",
"indicative",
"object-concord",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-jidharau",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"object-concord",
"reflexive"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "sw-conj",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "General positive (positive subject concord + (object concord) + -dharau- + relative marker)",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"object-concord",
"relative"
]
},
{
"form": "-dharauye",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-1",
"class-2",
"object-concord",
"relative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-dharauo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-1",
"class-2",
"object-concord",
"plural",
"relative"
]
},
{
"form": "-dharauo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-3",
"class-4",
"object-concord",
"relative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-dharauyo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-3",
"class-4",
"object-concord",
"plural",
"relative"
]
},
{
"form": "-dharaulo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-5",
"class-6",
"object-concord",
"relative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-dharauyo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-5",
"class-6",
"object-concord",
"plural",
"relative"
]
},
{
"form": "-dharaucho",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-7",
"class-8",
"object-concord",
"relative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-dharauvyo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-7",
"class-8",
"object-concord",
"plural",
"relative"
]
},
{
"form": "-dharauyo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-10",
"class-9",
"object-concord",
"relative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-dharauzo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-10",
"class-9",
"object-concord",
"plural",
"relative"
]
},
{
"form": "-dharauo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-11",
"object-concord",
"relative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-dharauko",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-15",
"class-17",
"object-concord",
"relative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-dharaupo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-16",
"object-concord",
"relative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-dharaumo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-18",
"object-concord",
"relative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "sw-conj",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "Other forms (subject concord + tense marker + relative marker + (object concord) + -dharau)",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"object-concord",
"relative"
]
},
{
"form": "-yedharau",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-1",
"class-2",
"object-concord",
"relative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-odharau",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-1",
"class-2",
"object-concord",
"plural",
"relative"
]
},
{
"form": "-odharau",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-3",
"class-4",
"object-concord",
"relative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-yodharau",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-3",
"class-4",
"object-concord",
"plural",
"relative"
]
},
{
"form": "-lodharau",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-5",
"class-6",
"object-concord",
"relative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-yodharau",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-5",
"class-6",
"object-concord",
"plural",
"relative"
]
},
{
"form": "-chodharau",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-7",
"class-8",
"object-concord",
"relative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-vyodharau",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-7",
"class-8",
"object-concord",
"plural",
"relative"
]
},
{
"form": "-yodharau",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-10",
"class-9",
"object-concord",
"relative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-zodharau",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-10",
"class-9",
"object-concord",
"plural",
"relative"
]
},
{
"form": "-odharau",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-11",
"object-concord",
"relative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-kodharau",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-15",
"class-17",
"object-concord",
"relative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-podharau",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-16",
"object-concord",
"relative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-modharau",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-18",
"object-concord",
"relative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "sw-conj",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "Some forms not commonly seen in modern Standard Swahili are absent from the table. See Appendix:Swahili verbs for more information.",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"object-concord",
"relative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "-dharau (infinitive kudharau)",
"name": "sw-verb"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "sw-conj"
}
],
"lang": "Swahili",
"lang_code": "sw",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "37 33 30",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Swahili verbs in the Arabic conjugation",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to despise or disdain (to regard with contempt or scorn)"
],
"id": "en-dharau-sw-verb-YmN2KGYG",
"links": [
[
"despise",
"despise"
],
[
"disdain",
"disdain"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "37 33 30",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Swahili verbs in the Arabic conjugation",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to slight or insult someone"
],
"id": "en-dharau-sw-verb-m6l9jUaO",
"links": [
[
"slight",
"slight"
],
[
"insult",
"insult"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"audio": "Sw-ke-dharau.flac",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/7/72/Sw-ke-dharau.flac/Sw-ke-dharau.flac.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/7/72/Sw-ke-dharau.flac/Sw-ke-dharau.flac.ogg",
"tags": [
"Kenya"
],
"text": "Audio (Kenya)"
}
],
"word": "dharau"
}
{
"categories": [
"Swahili entries with incorrect language header",
"Swahili lemmas",
"Swahili n class nouns",
"Swahili nouns",
"Swahili terms borrowed from Arabic",
"Swahili terms derived from Arabic",
"Swahili terms with audio links",
"Swahili verbs",
"Swahili verbs in the Arabic conjugation",
"sw:Emotions"
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "loanword",
"2": "Borrowed"
},
"expansion": "Borrowed",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sw",
"2": "ar",
"3": "",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Arabic [Term?]",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sw",
"2": "ar"
},
"expansion": "Borrowed from Arabic [Term?]",
"name": "bor+"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed from Arabic [Term?].",
"forms": [
{
"form": "dharau",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sw",
"2": "noun",
"head": ""
},
"expansion": "dharau",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "n"
},
"expansion": "dharau (n class, plural dharau)",
"name": "sw-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Swahili",
"lang_code": "sw",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"scorn, contempt"
],
"links": [
[
"scorn",
"scorn"
],
[
"contempt",
"contempt"
]
],
"tags": [
"class-10",
"class-9"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"audio": "Sw-ke-dharau.flac",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/7/72/Sw-ke-dharau.flac/Sw-ke-dharau.flac.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/7/72/Sw-ke-dharau.flac/Sw-ke-dharau.flac.ogg",
"tags": [
"Kenya"
],
"text": "Audio (Kenya)"
}
],
"word": "dharau"
}
{
"categories": [
"Swahili entries with incorrect language header",
"Swahili lemmas",
"Swahili n class nouns",
"Swahili nouns",
"Swahili terms borrowed from Arabic",
"Swahili terms derived from Arabic",
"Swahili terms with audio links",
"Swahili verbs",
"Swahili verbs in the Arabic conjugation",
"sw:Emotions"
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "loanword",
"2": "Borrowed"
},
"expansion": "Borrowed",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sw",
"2": "ar",
"3": "",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Arabic [Term?]",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sw",
"2": "ar"
},
"expansion": "Borrowed from Arabic [Term?]",
"name": "bor+"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed from Arabic [Term?].",
"forms": [
{
"form": "-dharau",
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "kudharau",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "sw-conj",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "kudharau",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "kutodharau",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"infinitive",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "sw-conj",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "dharau",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "dharauni",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "sw-conj",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "hudharau",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"habitual"
]
},
{
"form": "positive subject concord + -lidharau",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "negative subject concord + -kudharau",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"negative",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "sw-conj",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "ninadharau",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "nadharau",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "tunadharau",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "unadharau",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "mnadharau",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "anadharau",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-1",
"class-2",
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "wanadharau",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-1",
"class-2",
"plural",
"present",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "positive subject concord + -nadharau",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "sw-conj",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "sidharau",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"negative",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "hatudharau",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"negative",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "hudharau",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"negative",
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "hamdharau",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"negative",
"plural",
"present",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "hadharau",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-1",
"class-2",
"negative",
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "hawadharau",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-1",
"class-2",
"negative",
"plural",
"present",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "negative subject concord + -dharau",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"negative",
"present",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "sw-conj",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "positive subject concord + -tadharau",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future"
]
},
{
"form": "negative subject concord + -tadharau",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "sw-conj",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "nidharau",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "tudharau",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"plural",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "udharau",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"second-person",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "mdharau",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"plural",
"second-person",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "adharau",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-1",
"class-2",
"singular",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "wadharau",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-1",
"class-2",
"plural",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "positive subject concord + -dharau",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "sw-conj",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "positive subject concord + -sidharau",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"negative",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "positive subject concord + -ngedharau",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"irrealis",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "positive subject concord + -singedharau",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"irrealis",
"negative",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "positive subject concord + -ngalidharau",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"irrealis",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "positive subject concord + -singalidharau",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"irrealis",
"negative",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "sw-conj",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "nadharau",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"gnomic",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "twadharau",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"gnomic",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "wadharau",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"gnomic",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "mwadharau",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"gnomic",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "adharau",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-1",
"class-2",
"gnomic",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "wadharau",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-1",
"class-2",
"gnomic",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "wadharau",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-3",
"class-4",
"gnomic",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "yadharau",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-3",
"class-4",
"gnomic",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "ladharau",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-5",
"class-6",
"gnomic",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "yadharau",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-5",
"class-6",
"gnomic",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "chadharau",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-7",
"class-8",
"gnomic",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "vyadharau",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-7",
"class-8",
"gnomic",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "yadharau",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-10",
"class-9",
"gnomic",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "zadharau",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-10",
"class-9",
"gnomic",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "wadharau",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-11",
"gnomic",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "kwadharau",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-15",
"class-17",
"gnomic",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "padharau",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-16",
"gnomic",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "mwadharau",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-18",
"gnomic",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "sw-conj",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "positive subject concord + -medharau",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"perfect"
]
},
{
"form": "positive subject concord + -meshadharau",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"already-form"
]
},
{
"form": "negative subject concord + -jadharau",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"not-yet-form"
]
},
{
"form": "positive subject concord + -kidharau",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"if-when-form"
]
},
{
"form": "positive subject concord + -sipodharau",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"if-not-form"
]
},
{
"form": "kadharau / positive subject concord + -kadharau",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"consecutive"
]
},
{
"form": "positive subject concord + -kadharau",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"consecutive",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "sw-conj",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "-nidharau",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"indicative",
"object-concord",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-tudharau",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"indicative",
"object-concord",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-kudharau",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"object-concord",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-wadharau",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"object-concord",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-kudharauni",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"object-concord",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-wadharauni",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"object-concord",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-mdharau",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-1",
"class-2",
"indicative",
"object-concord",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-wadharau",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-1",
"class-2",
"indicative",
"object-concord",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-udharau",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-3",
"class-4",
"indicative",
"object-concord",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-idharau",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-3",
"class-4",
"indicative",
"object-concord",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-lidharau",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-5",
"class-6",
"indicative",
"object-concord",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-yadharau",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-5",
"class-6",
"indicative",
"object-concord",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-kidharau",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-7",
"class-8",
"indicative",
"object-concord",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-vidharau",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-7",
"class-8",
"indicative",
"object-concord",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-idharau",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-10",
"class-9",
"indicative",
"object-concord",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-zidharau",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-10",
"class-9",
"indicative",
"object-concord",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-udharau",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-11",
"indicative",
"object-concord",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-kudharau",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-15",
"class-17",
"indicative",
"object-concord",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-padharau",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-16",
"indicative",
"object-concord",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-mudharau",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-18",
"indicative",
"object-concord",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-jidharau",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"object-concord",
"reflexive"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "sw-conj",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "General positive (positive subject concord + (object concord) + -dharau- + relative marker)",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"object-concord",
"relative"
]
},
{
"form": "-dharauye",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-1",
"class-2",
"object-concord",
"relative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-dharauo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-1",
"class-2",
"object-concord",
"plural",
"relative"
]
},
{
"form": "-dharauo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-3",
"class-4",
"object-concord",
"relative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-dharauyo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-3",
"class-4",
"object-concord",
"plural",
"relative"
]
},
{
"form": "-dharaulo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-5",
"class-6",
"object-concord",
"relative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-dharauyo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-5",
"class-6",
"object-concord",
"plural",
"relative"
]
},
{
"form": "-dharaucho",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-7",
"class-8",
"object-concord",
"relative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-dharauvyo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-7",
"class-8",
"object-concord",
"plural",
"relative"
]
},
{
"form": "-dharauyo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-10",
"class-9",
"object-concord",
"relative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-dharauzo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-10",
"class-9",
"object-concord",
"plural",
"relative"
]
},
{
"form": "-dharauo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-11",
"object-concord",
"relative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-dharauko",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-15",
"class-17",
"object-concord",
"relative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-dharaupo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-16",
"object-concord",
"relative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-dharaumo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-18",
"object-concord",
"relative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "sw-conj",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "Other forms (subject concord + tense marker + relative marker + (object concord) + -dharau)",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"object-concord",
"relative"
]
},
{
"form": "-yedharau",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-1",
"class-2",
"object-concord",
"relative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-odharau",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-1",
"class-2",
"object-concord",
"plural",
"relative"
]
},
{
"form": "-odharau",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-3",
"class-4",
"object-concord",
"relative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-yodharau",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-3",
"class-4",
"object-concord",
"plural",
"relative"
]
},
{
"form": "-lodharau",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-5",
"class-6",
"object-concord",
"relative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-yodharau",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-5",
"class-6",
"object-concord",
"plural",
"relative"
]
},
{
"form": "-chodharau",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-7",
"class-8",
"object-concord",
"relative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-vyodharau",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-7",
"class-8",
"object-concord",
"plural",
"relative"
]
},
{
"form": "-yodharau",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-10",
"class-9",
"object-concord",
"relative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-zodharau",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-10",
"class-9",
"object-concord",
"plural",
"relative"
]
},
{
"form": "-odharau",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-11",
"object-concord",
"relative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-kodharau",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-15",
"class-17",
"object-concord",
"relative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-podharau",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-16",
"object-concord",
"relative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-modharau",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class-18",
"object-concord",
"relative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "sw-conj",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "Some forms not commonly seen in modern Standard Swahili are absent from the table. See Appendix:Swahili verbs for more information.",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"object-concord",
"relative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "-dharau (infinitive kudharau)",
"name": "sw-verb"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "sw-conj"
}
],
"lang": "Swahili",
"lang_code": "sw",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"to despise or disdain (to regard with contempt or scorn)"
],
"links": [
[
"despise",
"despise"
],
[
"disdain",
"disdain"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"to slight or insult someone"
],
"links": [
[
"slight",
"slight"
],
[
"insult",
"insult"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"audio": "Sw-ke-dharau.flac",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/7/72/Sw-ke-dharau.flac/Sw-ke-dharau.flac.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/7/72/Sw-ke-dharau.flac/Sw-ke-dharau.flac.ogg",
"tags": [
"Kenya"
],
"text": "Audio (Kenya)"
}
],
"word": "dharau"
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/2512",
"msg": "rejected heuristic header: table cell identified as header based on style, BUT Swahili is not in LANGUAGES_WITH_CELLS_AS_HEADERS; cleaned text: Some forms not commonly seen in modern Standard Swahili are absent from the table. See Appendix:Swahili verbs for more information., style: background: #eff7ff; border: 1px solid #d0d0d0; text-align: center; line-height: 1.5em;////NodeKind.TABLE_CELL",
"path": [
"dharau"
],
"section": "Swahili",
"subsection": "verb",
"title": "dharau",
"trace": ""
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Swahili dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-06-04 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-05-02 using wiktextract (e9e0a99 and db5a844). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.