See ail in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sco",
"2": "enm",
"3": "eilen"
},
"expansion": "Middle English eilen",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sco",
"2": "ang",
"3": "eġlan"
},
"expansion": "Old English eġlan",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sco",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*aglijan"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *aglijan",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English eilen, from Old English eġlan, eġlian (“to trouble, afflict”), from Proto-West Germanic *aglijan.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "ails",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "ailin",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "ailt",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "ailt",
"tags": [
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "",
"2": "",
"3": "",
"4": ""
},
"expansion": "ails",
"name": "sco-verb/getPres3rdSg"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "",
"2": "",
"3": "",
"4": ""
},
"expansion": "ailin",
"name": "sco-verb/getPresP"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "",
"2": "",
"3": "",
"4": ""
},
"expansion": "ailt",
"name": "sco-verb/getPast"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "",
"2": "",
"3": "",
"4": ""
},
"expansion": "ailt",
"name": "sco-verb/getPastP"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "",
"2": "",
"3": "",
"4": ""
},
"expansion": "ailt",
"name": "sco-verb/getPast"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "",
"2": "",
"3": "",
"4": ""
},
"expansion": "ailt",
"name": "sco-verb/getPast"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "",
"2": "",
"3": "",
"4": ""
},
"expansion": "ailt",
"name": "sco-verb/getPastP"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "",
"2": "",
"3": "",
"4": ""
},
"expansion": "ailt",
"name": "sco-verb/getPast"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "",
"2": "",
"3": "",
"4": ""
},
"expansion": "ailt",
"name": "sco-verb/getPastP"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sco",
"10": "",
"2": "verbs",
"3": "third-person singular simple present",
"4": "ails",
"5": "present participle",
"6": "ailin",
"7": "simple past and past participle",
"8": "ailt",
"9": "",
"head": ""
},
"expansion": "ail (third-person singular simple present ails, present participle ailin, simple past and past participle ailt)",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "ail (third-person singular simple present ails, present participle ailin, simple past and past participle ailt)",
"name": "sco-verb"
}
],
"lang": "Scots",
"lang_code": "sco",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "33 33 33",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Scots entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to trouble, afflict (of body or mind)"
],
"id": "en-ail-sco-verb-kXQAqJ6X",
"links": [
[
"trouble",
"trouble"
],
[
"afflict",
"afflict"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "33 33 33",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Scots entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to hinder, prevent"
],
"id": "en-ail-sco-verb-UZ5Rq6gr",
"links": [
[
"hinder",
"hinder"
],
[
"prevent",
"prevent"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "33 33 33",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Scots entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to be ill"
],
"id": "en-ail-sco-verb-2Dla9qj0",
"links": [
[
"ill",
"ill"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/eːl/"
}
],
"word": "ail"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 12 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Scots entries with incorrect language header",
"Scots lemmas",
"Scots terms derived from Middle English",
"Scots terms derived from Old English",
"Scots terms derived from Proto-West Germanic",
"Scots terms inherited from Middle English",
"Scots terms inherited from Old English",
"Scots terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic",
"Scots verbs"
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sco",
"2": "enm",
"3": "eilen"
},
"expansion": "Middle English eilen",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sco",
"2": "ang",
"3": "eġlan"
},
"expansion": "Old English eġlan",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sco",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*aglijan"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *aglijan",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English eilen, from Old English eġlan, eġlian (“to trouble, afflict”), from Proto-West Germanic *aglijan.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "ails",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "ailin",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "ailt",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "ailt",
"tags": [
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "",
"2": "",
"3": "",
"4": ""
},
"expansion": "ails",
"name": "sco-verb/getPres3rdSg"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "",
"2": "",
"3": "",
"4": ""
},
"expansion": "ailin",
"name": "sco-verb/getPresP"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "",
"2": "",
"3": "",
"4": ""
},
"expansion": "ailt",
"name": "sco-verb/getPast"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "",
"2": "",
"3": "",
"4": ""
},
"expansion": "ailt",
"name": "sco-verb/getPastP"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "",
"2": "",
"3": "",
"4": ""
},
"expansion": "ailt",
"name": "sco-verb/getPast"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "",
"2": "",
"3": "",
"4": ""
},
"expansion": "ailt",
"name": "sco-verb/getPast"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "",
"2": "",
"3": "",
"4": ""
},
"expansion": "ailt",
"name": "sco-verb/getPastP"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "",
"2": "",
"3": "",
"4": ""
},
"expansion": "ailt",
"name": "sco-verb/getPast"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "",
"2": "",
"3": "",
"4": ""
},
"expansion": "ailt",
"name": "sco-verb/getPastP"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sco",
"10": "",
"2": "verbs",
"3": "third-person singular simple present",
"4": "ails",
"5": "present participle",
"6": "ailin",
"7": "simple past and past participle",
"8": "ailt",
"9": "",
"head": ""
},
"expansion": "ail (third-person singular simple present ails, present participle ailin, simple past and past participle ailt)",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "ail (third-person singular simple present ails, present participle ailin, simple past and past participle ailt)",
"name": "sco-verb"
}
],
"lang": "Scots",
"lang_code": "sco",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"to trouble, afflict (of body or mind)"
],
"links": [
[
"trouble",
"trouble"
],
[
"afflict",
"afflict"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"to hinder, prevent"
],
"links": [
[
"hinder",
"hinder"
],
[
"prevent",
"prevent"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"to be ill"
],
"links": [
[
"ill",
"ill"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/eːl/"
}
],
"word": "ail"
}
Download raw JSONL data for ail meaning in Scots (2.9kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Scots dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2026-01-13 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2026-01-01 using wiktextract (96027d6 and 9905b1f). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.