See -less in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sco",
"2": ":inh",
"3": "enm:-les",
"tree": "1"
},
"expansion": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *lewh₁-\nProto-Indo-European *lewHs-der.\nProto-Germanic *leusaną\nProto-Germanic *lausaz\nProto-Germanic *-lausaz\nProto-West Germanic *-laus\nOld English -lēas\nMiddle English -les\nScots -less\n[Appendix:Glossary#derived_terms|Derived]] from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"alt\" : \"*lewHs-\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*lewh₁-\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"keyword\" : \"from\" } ], \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"derived\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Germanic\", \"term\" : \"*leusaną\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"gem-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"keyword\" : \"from\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Germanic\", \"term\" : \"*lausaz\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"gem-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"keyword\" : \"from\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Germanic\", \"term\" : \"*-lausaz\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"gem-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-West Germanic\", \"term\" : \"*-laus\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"gmw-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Old English\", \"term\" : \"-lēas\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"ang\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Middle English\", \"term\" : \"-les\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"enm\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Scots\", \"term\" : \"-less\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"sco\" }\" data-lang=\"sco\" data-title=\"-less\">",
"name": "ety"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sco",
"2": "enm",
"3": "-les"
},
"expansion": "Middle English -les",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sco",
"2": "ang",
"3": "-lēas",
"4": "",
"5": "-less"
},
"expansion": "Old English -lēas (“-less”)",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *lewh₁-\nProto-Indo-European *lewHs-der.\nProto-Germanic *leusaną\nProto-Germanic *lausaz\nProto-Germanic *-lausaz\nProto-West Germanic *-laus\nOld English -lēas\nMiddle English -les\nScots -less\nFrom Middle English -les, from Old English -lēas (“-less”).",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sco",
"2": "suffix"
},
"expansion": "-less",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Scots",
"lang_code": "sco",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages using catfix",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages using etymon with no ID",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 2 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with etymology trees",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Scots entries with etymology trees",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Scots entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"lacking; without. Added usually to a noun to form an adjective signifying a lack of that noun."
],
"id": "en--less-sco-suffix-t7HHuJia",
"links": [
[
"lacking",
"lacking"
],
[
"without",
"without"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"word": "-less"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sco",
"2": ":inh",
"3": "enm:-les",
"tree": "1"
},
"expansion": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *lewh₁-\nProto-Indo-European *lewHs-der.\nProto-Germanic *leusaną\nProto-Germanic *lausaz\nProto-Germanic *-lausaz\nProto-West Germanic *-laus\nOld English -lēas\nMiddle English -les\nScots -less\n[Appendix:Glossary#derived_terms|Derived]] from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"alt\" : \"*lewHs-\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*lewh₁-\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"keyword\" : \"from\" } ], \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"derived\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Germanic\", \"term\" : \"*leusaną\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"gem-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"keyword\" : \"from\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Germanic\", \"term\" : \"*lausaz\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"gem-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"keyword\" : \"from\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Germanic\", \"term\" : \"*-lausaz\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"gem-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-West Germanic\", \"term\" : \"*-laus\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"gmw-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Old English\", \"term\" : \"-lēas\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"ang\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Middle English\", \"term\" : \"-les\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"enm\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Scots\", \"term\" : \"-less\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"sco\" }\" data-lang=\"sco\" data-title=\"-less\">",
"name": "ety"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sco",
"2": "enm",
"3": "-les"
},
"expansion": "Middle English -les",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sco",
"2": "ang",
"3": "-lēas",
"4": "",
"5": "-less"
},
"expansion": "Old English -lēas (“-less”)",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *lewh₁-\nProto-Indo-European *lewHs-der.\nProto-Germanic *leusaną\nProto-Germanic *lausaz\nProto-Germanic *-lausaz\nProto-West Germanic *-laus\nOld English -lēas\nMiddle English -les\nScots -less\nFrom Middle English -les, from Old English -lēas (“-less”).",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sco",
"2": "suffix"
},
"expansion": "-less",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Scots",
"lang_code": "sco",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Pages using catfix",
"Pages using etymon with no ID",
"Pages with 2 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Pages with etymology trees",
"Scots entries with etymology trees",
"Scots entries with incorrect language header",
"Scots lemmas",
"Scots suffixes",
"Scots terms derived from Middle English",
"Scots terms derived from Old English",
"Scots terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"Scots terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Scots terms derived from Proto-West Germanic",
"Scots terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *lewh₁-",
"Scots terms inherited from Middle English",
"Scots terms inherited from Old English",
"Scots terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
"Scots terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic"
],
"glosses": [
"lacking; without. Added usually to a noun to form an adjective signifying a lack of that noun."
],
"links": [
[
"lacking",
"lacking"
],
[
"without",
"without"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"word": "-less"
}
Download raw JSONL data for -less meaning in Scots (3.6kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Scots dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2026-06-25 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2026-06-01 using wiktextract (ade7ec3 and 7f4db16). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.