"वि-" meaning in Sanskrit

See वि- in All languages combined, or Wiktionary

Prefix

IPA: /ʋi/ [Vedic], /ʋi/ [Classical-Sanskrit] Forms: vi- [romanization]
Etymology: Inherited from Proto-Indo-European *wi- (“apart, away”). Cognate with Hittite [script needed] (nawi, “not yet”), Old English wiþ (whence English with). Prefixal form of वि (vi). Etymology templates: {{etymon|sa|inh|ine-pro>*wi>apart|id=prefix|pos=prefix}}, {{glossary|Inherited}} Inherited, {{inh|sa|ine-pro|*wi|*wi-|apart, away|g=|g2=|g3=|id=|lit=|nocat=|pos=|sc=|sort=|tr=|ts=}} Proto-Indo-European *wi- (“apart, away”), {{inh+|sa|ine-pro|*wi|*wi-|apart, away}} Inherited from Proto-Indo-European *wi- (“apart, away”), {{cog|hit|gloss=not yet|tr=nawi}} Hittite [script needed] (nawi, “not yet”), {{cog|ang|wiþ}} Old English wiþ, {{cog|en|with}} English with Head templates: {{head|sa|prefix}} वि- • (vi-)
  1. Prefix to verbs or nouns and other parts of speech derived from verbs, to express division, distinction, distribution, arrangement, order, opposition, or deliberation. Tags: morpheme
    Sense id: en-वि--sa-prefix-bGza~LjG Categories (other): Pages with 3 entries, Pages with entries, Sanskrit entries with incorrect language header
{
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "hi",
            "2": "वि-",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Hindi: वि- (vi-)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Hindi: वि- (vi-)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ml",
            "2": "വി-",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Malayalam: വി- (vi-)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Malayalam: വി- (vi-)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "mr",
            "2": "वि-",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Marathi: वि- (vi-)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Marathi: वि- (vi-)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "pi",
            "2": "vi-"
          },
          "expansion": "Pali: vi-",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Pali: vi-"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sa",
        "2": "inh",
        "3": "ine-pro>*wi>apart",
        "id": "prefix",
        "pos": "prefix"
      },
      "expansion": "",
      "name": "etymon"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "Inherited"
      },
      "expansion": "Inherited",
      "name": "glossary"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sa",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*wi",
        "4": "*wi-",
        "5": "apart, away",
        "g": "",
        "g2": "",
        "g3": "",
        "id": "",
        "lit": "",
        "nocat": "",
        "pos": "",
        "sc": "",
        "sort": "",
        "tr": "",
        "ts": ""
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *wi- (“apart, away”)",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sa",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*wi",
        "4": "*wi-",
        "5": "apart, away"
      },
      "expansion": "Inherited from Proto-Indo-European *wi- (“apart, away”)",
      "name": "inh+"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "hit",
        "gloss": "not yet",
        "tr": "nawi"
      },
      "expansion": "Hittite [script needed] (nawi, “not yet”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ang",
        "2": "wiþ"
      },
      "expansion": "Old English wiþ",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "with"
      },
      "expansion": "English with",
      "name": "cog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Inherited from Proto-Indo-European *wi- (“apart, away”). Cognate with Hittite [script needed] (nawi, “not yet”), Old English wiþ (whence English with). Prefixal form of वि (vi).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "vi-",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sa",
        "2": "prefix"
      },
      "expansion": "वि- • (vi-)",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Sanskrit",
  "lang_code": "sa",
  "pos": "prefix",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with 3 entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Sanskrit entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        }
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "text": "वि- (vi-) + फल (phala, “fruit, result”) → विफल (viphala, “fruitless, useless”)",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Prefix to verbs or nouns and other parts of speech derived from verbs, to express division, distinction, distribution, arrangement, order, opposition, or deliberation."
      ],
      "id": "en-वि--sa-prefix-bGza~LjG",
      "links": [
        [
          "division",
          "division#English"
        ],
        [
          "distinction",
          "distinction#English"
        ],
        [
          "distribution",
          "distribution#English"
        ],
        [
          "arrangement",
          "arrangement#English"
        ],
        [
          "order",
          "order#English"
        ],
        [
          "opposition",
          "opposition#English"
        ],
        [
          "deliberation",
          "deliberation#English"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "morpheme"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ʋi/",
      "tags": [
        "Vedic"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ʋi/",
      "tags": [
        "Classical-Sanskrit"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "वि-"
}
{
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "hi",
            "2": "वि-",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Hindi: वि- (vi-)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Hindi: वि- (vi-)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ml",
            "2": "വി-",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Malayalam: വി- (vi-)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Malayalam: വി- (vi-)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "mr",
            "2": "वि-",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Marathi: वि- (vi-)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Marathi: वि- (vi-)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "pi",
            "2": "vi-"
          },
          "expansion": "Pali: vi-",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Pali: vi-"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sa",
        "2": "inh",
        "3": "ine-pro>*wi>apart",
        "id": "prefix",
        "pos": "prefix"
      },
      "expansion": "",
      "name": "etymon"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "Inherited"
      },
      "expansion": "Inherited",
      "name": "glossary"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sa",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*wi",
        "4": "*wi-",
        "5": "apart, away",
        "g": "",
        "g2": "",
        "g3": "",
        "id": "",
        "lit": "",
        "nocat": "",
        "pos": "",
        "sc": "",
        "sort": "",
        "tr": "",
        "ts": ""
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *wi- (“apart, away”)",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sa",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*wi",
        "4": "*wi-",
        "5": "apart, away"
      },
      "expansion": "Inherited from Proto-Indo-European *wi- (“apart, away”)",
      "name": "inh+"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "hit",
        "gloss": "not yet",
        "tr": "nawi"
      },
      "expansion": "Hittite [script needed] (nawi, “not yet”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ang",
        "2": "wiþ"
      },
      "expansion": "Old English wiþ",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "with"
      },
      "expansion": "English with",
      "name": "cog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Inherited from Proto-Indo-European *wi- (“apart, away”). Cognate with Hittite [script needed] (nawi, “not yet”), Old English wiþ (whence English with). Prefixal form of वि (vi).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "vi-",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sa",
        "2": "prefix"
      },
      "expansion": "वि- • (vi-)",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Sanskrit",
  "lang_code": "sa",
  "pos": "prefix",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "Pages with 3 entries",
        "Pages with entries",
        "Requests for native script for Hittite terms",
        "Sanskrit entries with incorrect language header",
        "Sanskrit lemmas",
        "Sanskrit prefixes",
        "Sanskrit terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
        "Sanskrit terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European",
        "Sanskrit terms with IPA pronunciation"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "text": "वि- (vi-) + फल (phala, “fruit, result”) → विफल (viphala, “fruitless, useless”)",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Prefix to verbs or nouns and other parts of speech derived from verbs, to express division, distinction, distribution, arrangement, order, opposition, or deliberation."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "division",
          "division#English"
        ],
        [
          "distinction",
          "distinction#English"
        ],
        [
          "distribution",
          "distribution#English"
        ],
        [
          "arrangement",
          "arrangement#English"
        ],
        [
          "order",
          "order#English"
        ],
        [
          "opposition",
          "opposition#English"
        ],
        [
          "deliberation",
          "deliberation#English"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "morpheme"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ʋi/",
      "tags": [
        "Vedic"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ʋi/",
      "tags": [
        "Classical-Sanskrit"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "वि-"
}

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This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Sanskrit dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-12-01 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-11-21 using wiktextract (95d2be1 and 64224ec). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.