"पूर्व" meaning in Sanskrit

See पूर्व in All languages combined, or Wiktionary

Adjective

IPA: /púːɾ.ʋɐ/ [Vedic], /puːɾ.ʋɐ/ [Classical-Sanskrit]
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-Aryan *pr̥Hwás, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *pr̥Hwás, from Proto-Indo-European *pr̥h₂-wó-s, from *preh₂- (“before, in front of”). Cognate with Avestan 𐬞𐬀𐬎𐬭𐬎𐬎𐬀 (paᵘruua), Russian пе́рвый (pérvyj), English first and foremost. Etymology templates: {{inh|sa|inc-pro|*pr̥Hwás}} Proto-Indo-Aryan *pr̥Hwás, {{inh|sa|iir-pro|*pr̥Hwás}} Proto-Indo-Iranian *pr̥Hwás, {{inh|sa|ine-pro|*pr̥h₂wós|*pr̥h₂-wó-s}} Proto-Indo-European *pr̥h₂-wó-s, {{cog|ae|𐬞𐬀𐬎𐬭𐬎𐬎𐬀}} Avestan 𐬞𐬀𐬎𐬭𐬎𐬎𐬀 (paᵘruua), {{cog|ru|пе́рвый}} Russian пе́рвый (pérvyj), {{cog|en|first}} English first Head templates: {{sa-adj|tr=pū́rva}} पूर्व • (pū́rva) stem Inflection templates: {{sa-decl-adj-mfn|pū́rva|pū́rvā|pū́rva}}, {{sa-decl-noun-m|pū́rva|abl_d=|abl_p=|abl_s=|acc_d=|acc_p=|acc_s=|adj=1|ambig_final=|at_nom_s=|dat_d=|dat_p=|dat_s=|diaspirate=|gen_d=|gen_p=|gen_s=|ins_d=|ins_p=|ins_s=|loc_d=|loc_p=|loc_s=|n=|nocat=|nom_d=|nom_p=|nom_s=|note=|novedic=|participle=|pronominal=|r_stem_a=ā|root=|sc=Deva|voc_d=|voc_p=|voc_s=}}, {{sa-decl-noun-f|pū́rvā|abl_d=|abl_p=|abl_s=|acc_d=|acc_p=|acc_s=|ambig_final=|dat_d=|dat_p=|dat_s=|diaspirate=|gen_d=|gen_p=|gen_s=|ins_d=|ins_p=|ins_s=|loc_d=|loc_p=|loc_s=|n=|nocat=1|nom_d=|nom_p=|nom_s=|note=|novedic=|pronominal=|r_stem_a=ā|root=|sc=Deva|voc_d=|voc_p=|voc_s=}}, {{sa-decl-noun-n|pū́rva|abl_d=|abl_p=|abl_s=|acc_d=|acc_p=|acc_s=|adj=1|ambig_final=|at_nom_s=|dat_d=|dat_p=|dat_s=|diaspirate=|gen_d=|gen_p=|gen_s=|ins_d=|ins_p=|ins_s=|loc_d=|loc_p=|loc_s=|n=|nom_d=|nom_p=|nom_s=|note=|novedic=|participle=|pronominal=|root=|sc=Deva|voc_d=|voc_p=|voc_s=}} Forms: pū́rva [romanization], no-table-tags [table-tags], पूर्वः [nominative, singular], पूर्वौ [dual, nominative], पूर्वा1 [dual, nominative], पूर्वाः [nominative, plural], पूर्वासः1 [nominative, plural], पूर्वम् [accusative, singular], पूर्वौ [accusative, dual], पूर्वा1 [accusative, dual], पूर्वान् [accusative, plural], पूर्वेण [instrumental, singular], पूर्वाभ्याम् [dual, instrumental], पूर्वैः [instrumental, plural], पूर्वेभिः1 [instrumental, plural], पूर्वाय [dative, singular], पूर्वाभ्याम् [dative, dual], पूर्वेभ्यः [dative, plural], पूर्वात् [ablative, singular], पूर्वाभ्याम् [ablative, dual], पूर्वेभ्यः [ablative, plural], पूर्वस्य [genitive, singular], पूर्वयोः [dual, genitive], पूर्वाणाम् [genitive, plural], पूर्वे [locative, singular], पूर्वयोः [dual, locative], पूर्वेषु [locative, plural], पूर्व [singular, vocative], पूर्वौ [dual, vocative], पूर्वा1 [dual, vocative], पूर्वाः [plural, vocative], पूर्वासः1 [plural, vocative], no-table-tags [table-tags], पूर्वा [nominative, singular], पूर्वे [dual, nominative], पूर्वाः [nominative, plural], पूर्वाम् [accusative, singular], पूर्वे [accusative, dual], पूर्वाः [accusative, plural], पूर्वया [instrumental, singular], पूर्वा1 [instrumental, singular], पूर्वाभ्याम् [dual, instrumental], पूर्वाभिः [instrumental, plural], पूर्वायै [dative, singular], पूर्वाभ्याम् [dative, dual], पूर्वाभ्यः [dative, plural], पूर्वायाः [ablative, singular], पूर्वायै2 [ablative, singular], पूर्वाभ्याम् [ablative, dual], पूर्वाभ्यः [ablative, plural], पूर्वायाः [genitive, singular], पूर्वायै2 [genitive, singular], पूर्वयोः [dual, genitive], पूर्वाणाम् [genitive, plural], पूर्वायाम् [locative, singular], पूर्वयोः [dual, locative], पूर्वासु [locative, plural], पूर्वे [singular, vocative], पूर्वे [dual, vocative], पूर्वाः [plural, vocative], no-table-tags [table-tags], पूर्वम् [nominative, singular], पूर्वे [dual, nominative], पूर्वाणि [nominative, plural], पूर्वा1 [nominative, plural], पूर्वम् [accusative, singular], पूर्वे [accusative, dual], पूर्वाणि [accusative, plural], पूर्वा1 [accusative, plural], पूर्वेण [instrumental, singular], पूर्वाभ्याम् [dual, instrumental], पूर्वैः [instrumental, plural], पूर्वेभिः1 [instrumental, plural], पूर्वाय [dative, singular], पूर्वाभ्याम् [dative, dual], पूर्वेभ्यः [dative, plural], पूर्वात् [ablative, singular], पूर्वाभ्याम् [ablative, dual], पूर्वेभ्यः [ablative, plural], पूर्वस्य [genitive, singular], पूर्वयोः [dual, genitive], पूर्वाणाम् [genitive, plural], पूर्वे [locative, singular], पूर्वयोः [dual, locative], पूर्वेषु [locative, plural], पूर्व [singular, vocative], पूर्वे [dual, vocative], पूर्वाणि [plural, vocative], पूर्वा1 [plural, vocative]
  1. ancient, old
    Sense id: en-पूर्व-sa-adj-yrw-2QLa Categories (other): Sanskrit entries with incorrect language header Disambiguation of Sanskrit entries with incorrect language header: 30 35 35
  2. eastern
    Sense id: en-पूर्व-sa-adj-QiGo8muy Categories (other): Sanskrit entries with incorrect language header Disambiguation of Sanskrit entries with incorrect language header: 30 35 35

Preposition

IPA: /púːɾ.ʋɐ/ [Vedic], /puːɾ.ʋɐ/ [Classical-Sanskrit] Forms: pū́rva [romanization]
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-Aryan *pr̥Hwás, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *pr̥Hwás, from Proto-Indo-European *pr̥h₂-wó-s, from *preh₂- (“before, in front of”). Cognate with Avestan 𐬞𐬀𐬎𐬭𐬎𐬎𐬀 (paᵘruua), Russian пе́рвый (pérvyj), English first and foremost. Etymology templates: {{inh|sa|inc-pro|*pr̥Hwás}} Proto-Indo-Aryan *pr̥Hwás, {{inh|sa|iir-pro|*pr̥Hwás}} Proto-Indo-Iranian *pr̥Hwás, {{inh|sa|ine-pro|*pr̥h₂wós|*pr̥h₂-wó-s}} Proto-Indo-European *pr̥h₂-wó-s, {{cog|ae|𐬞𐬀𐬎𐬭𐬎𐬎𐬀}} Avestan 𐬞𐬀𐬎𐬭𐬎𐬎𐬀 (paᵘruua), {{cog|ru|пе́рвый}} Russian пе́рвый (pérvyj), {{cog|en|first}} English first Head templates: {{head|sa|preposition|tr=pū́rva}} पूर्व • (pū́rva)
  1. before, in front of
    Sense id: en-पूर्व-sa-prep-7jZ-SflZ Categories (other): Sanskrit adjectives in Devanagari script, Sanskrit entries with incorrect language header, Sanskrit links with redundant alt parameters, Sanskrit prepositions, Sanskrit terms with non-redundant manual transliterations, Compass points Disambiguation of Sanskrit adjectives in Devanagari script: 23 27 50 Disambiguation of Sanskrit entries with incorrect language header: 30 35 35 Disambiguation of Sanskrit links with redundant alt parameters: 20 23 56 Disambiguation of Sanskrit prepositions: 11 13 76 Disambiguation of Sanskrit terms with non-redundant manual transliterations: 14 17 69 Disambiguation of Compass points: 0 28 72
     
{
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sa",
        "2": "inc-pro",
        "3": "*pr̥Hwás"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-Aryan *pr̥Hwás",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sa",
        "2": "iir-pro",
        "3": "*pr̥Hwás"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-Iranian *pr̥Hwás",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sa",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*pr̥h₂wós",
        "4": "*pr̥h₂-wó-s"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *pr̥h₂-wó-s",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ae",
        "2": "𐬞𐬀𐬎𐬭𐬎𐬎𐬀"
      },
      "expansion": "Avestan 𐬞𐬀𐬎𐬭𐬎𐬎𐬀 (paᵘruua)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ru",
        "2": "пе́рвый"
      },
      "expansion": "Russian пе́рвый (pérvyj)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "first"
      },
      "expansion": "English first",
      "name": "cog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Proto-Indo-Aryan *pr̥Hwás, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *pr̥Hwás, from Proto-Indo-European *pr̥h₂-wó-s, from *preh₂- (“before, in front of”). Cognate with Avestan 𐬞𐬀𐬎𐬭𐬎𐬎𐬀 (paᵘruua), Russian пе́рвый (pérvyj), English first and foremost.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "pū́rva",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sa",
        "2": "preposition",
        "tr": "pū́rva"
      },
      "expansion": "पूर्व • (pū́rva)",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Sanskrit",
  "lang_code": "sa",
  "pos": "prep",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "23 27 50",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Sanskrit adjectives in Devanagari script",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "30 35 35",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Sanskrit entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "20 23 56",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Sanskrit links with redundant alt parameters",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "11 13 76",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Sanskrit prepositions",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "14 17 69",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Sanskrit terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "0 28 72",
          "kind": "other",
          "langcode": "sa",
          "name": "Compass points",
          "orig": "sa:Compass points",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "before, in front of"
      ],
      "id": "en-पूर्व-sa-prep-7jZ-SflZ",
      "links": [
        [
          "before",
          "before"
        ],
        [
          "front",
          "front"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/púːɾ.ʋɐ/",
      "tags": [
        "Vedic"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/puːɾ.ʋɐ/",
      "tags": [
        "Classical-Sanskrit"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "पूर्व"
}

{
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "Dardic:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ks",
            "2": "پوٗر",
            "t": "east"
          },
          "expansion": "Kashmiri: پوٗر (pūr, “east”)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Kashmiri: پوٗر (pūr, “east”)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "aee",
            "2": "",
            "t": "first",
            "tr": "puruvāla"
          },
          "expansion": "Northeast Pashayi: [script needed] (puruvāla, “first”)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Northeast Pashayi: [script needed] (puruvāla, “first”)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "glh",
            "2": "",
            "t": "first",
            "tr": "puruvāla"
          },
          "expansion": "Northwest Pashayi: [script needed] (puruvāla, “first”)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Northwest Pashayi: [script needed] (puruvāla, “first”)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "psi",
            "2": "",
            "t": "first",
            "tr": "puruvāla"
          },
          "expansion": "Southeast Pashayi: [script needed] (puruvāla, “first”)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Southeast Pashayi: [script needed] (puruvāla, “first”)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "psh",
            "2": "",
            "t": "first",
            "tr": "puruvāla"
          },
          "expansion": "Southwest Pashayi: [script needed] (puruvāla, “first”)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Southwest Pashayi: [script needed] (puruvāla, “first”)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "pra-hel",
            "2": "-"
          },
          "expansion": "Helu Prakrit:",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Helu Prakrit:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "si",
            "2": "පුව"
          },
          "expansion": "Sinhalese: පුව (puwa)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Sinhalese: පුව (puwa)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "pra-mag",
            "2": "𑀧𑀼𑀯𑁆𑀯",
            "3": "𑀧𑀼𑀯𑁆𑀯𑀸",
            "t2": "east"
          },
          "expansion": "Magadhi Prakrit: 𑀧𑀼𑀯𑁆𑀯 (puvva), 𑀧𑀼𑀯𑁆𑀯𑀸 (puvvā, “east”)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Magadhi Prakrit: 𑀧𑀼𑀯𑁆𑀯 (puvva), 𑀧𑀼𑀯𑁆𑀯𑀸 (puvvā, “east”)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "bn",
            "2": "পুব"
          },
          "expansion": "Bengali: পুব (pubo)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Bengali: পুব (pubo)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "bh",
            "2": "पुर्वे",
            "t": "second ploughing",
            "tr": "purve"
          },
          "expansion": "Bihari: पुर्वे (purve, “second ploughing”)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Bihari: पुर्वे (purve, “second ploughing”)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "mai",
            "2": "पूब",
            "3": "पूबा",
            "t": "east",
            "t2": "easterner",
            "tr": "pūb",
            "tr2": "pūbā"
          },
          "expansion": "Maithili: पूब (pūb, “east”), पूबा (pūbā, “easterner”)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Maithili: पूब (pūb, “east”), पूबा (pūbā, “easterner”)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "pi",
            "2": "pubba",
            "qq": "in compounds"
          },
          "expansion": "Pali: pubba (in compounds)\n→ Burmese: ပုဗ္ဗ (pubba.)",
          "name": "desctree"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Pali: pubba (in compounds)\n→ Burmese: ပုဗ္ဗ (pubba.)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "pra-sau",
            "2": "𑀧𑀼𑀯𑁆𑀯",
            "3": "𑀧𑀼𑀯𑁆𑀯𑀸",
            "t2": "east"
          },
          "expansion": "Sauraseni Prakrit: 𑀧𑀼𑀯𑁆𑀯 (puvva), 𑀧𑀼𑀯𑁆𑀯𑀸 (puvvā, “east”)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Sauraseni Prakrit: 𑀧𑀼𑀯𑁆𑀯 (puvva), 𑀧𑀼𑀯𑁆𑀯𑀸 (puvvā, “east”)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "inc-ohi",
            "2": "पुब",
            "t": "former"
          },
          "expansion": "Old Hindi: पुब (puba, “former”)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old Hindi: पुब (puba, “former”)"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sa",
        "2": "inc-pro",
        "3": "*pr̥Hwás"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-Aryan *pr̥Hwás",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sa",
        "2": "iir-pro",
        "3": "*pr̥Hwás"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-Iranian *pr̥Hwás",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sa",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*pr̥h₂wós",
        "4": "*pr̥h₂-wó-s"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *pr̥h₂-wó-s",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ae",
        "2": "𐬞𐬀𐬎𐬭𐬎𐬎𐬀"
      },
      "expansion": "Avestan 𐬞𐬀𐬎𐬭𐬎𐬎𐬀 (paᵘruua)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ru",
        "2": "пе́рвый"
      },
      "expansion": "Russian пе́рвый (pérvyj)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "first"
      },
      "expansion": "English first",
      "name": "cog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Proto-Indo-Aryan *pr̥Hwás, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *pr̥Hwás, from Proto-Indo-European *pr̥h₂-wó-s, from *preh₂- (“before, in front of”). Cognate with Avestan 𐬞𐬀𐬎𐬭𐬎𐬎𐬀 (paᵘruua), Russian пе́рвый (pérvyj), English first and foremost.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "pū́rva",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sa-decl-adj-mfn",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "पूर्वः",
      "roman": "pū́rvaḥ",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "पूर्वौ",
      "roman": "pū́rvau",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "nominative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "पूर्वा1",
      "roman": "pū́rvā1",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "nominative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "पूर्वाः",
      "roman": "pū́rvāḥ",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "पूर्वासः1",
      "roman": "pū́rvāsaḥ1",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "पूर्वम्",
      "roman": "pū́rvam",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "पूर्वौ",
      "roman": "pū́rvau",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "dual"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "पूर्वा1",
      "roman": "pū́rvā1",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "dual"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "पूर्वान्",
      "roman": "pū́rvān",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "पूर्वेण",
      "roman": "pū́rveṇa",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "पूर्वाभ्याम्",
      "roman": "pū́rvābhyām",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "instrumental"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "पूर्वैः",
      "roman": "pū́rvaiḥ",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "पूर्वेभिः1",
      "roman": "pū́rvebhiḥ1",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "पूर्वाय",
      "roman": "pū́rvāya",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "पूर्वाभ्याम्",
      "roman": "pū́rvābhyām",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "dual"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "पूर्वेभ्यः",
      "roman": "pū́rvebhyaḥ",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "पूर्वात्",
      "roman": "pū́rvāt",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "ablative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "पूर्वाभ्याम्",
      "roman": "pū́rvābhyām",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "ablative",
        "dual"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "पूर्वेभ्यः",
      "roman": "pū́rvebhyaḥ",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "ablative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "पूर्वस्य",
      "roman": "pū́rvasya",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "पूर्वयोः",
      "roman": "pū́rvayoḥ",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "genitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "पूर्वाणाम्",
      "roman": "pū́rvāṇām",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "पूर्वे",
      "roman": "pū́rve",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "locative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "पूर्वयोः",
      "roman": "pū́rvayoḥ",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "locative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "पूर्वेषु",
      "roman": "pū́rveṣu",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "locative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "पूर्व",
      "roman": "pū́rva",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "singular",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "पूर्वौ",
      "roman": "pū́rvau",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "पूर्वा1",
      "roman": "pū́rvā1",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "पूर्वाः",
      "roman": "pū́rvāḥ",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "पूर्वासः1",
      "roman": "pū́rvāsaḥ1",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sa-decl-adj-mfn",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "पूर्वा",
      "roman": "pū́rvā",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "पूर्वे",
      "roman": "pū́rve",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "nominative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "पूर्वाः",
      "roman": "pū́rvāḥ",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "पूर्वाम्",
      "roman": "pū́rvām",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "पूर्वे",
      "roman": "pū́rve",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "dual"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "पूर्वाः",
      "roman": "pū́rvāḥ",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "पूर्वया",
      "roman": "pū́rvayā",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "पूर्वा1",
      "roman": "pū́rvā1",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "पूर्वाभ्याम्",
      "roman": "pū́rvābhyām",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "instrumental"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "पूर्वाभिः",
      "roman": "pū́rvābhiḥ",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "पूर्वायै",
      "roman": "pū́rvāyai",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "पूर्वाभ्याम्",
      "roman": "pū́rvābhyām",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "dual"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "पूर्वाभ्यः",
      "roman": "pū́rvābhyaḥ",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "पूर्वायाः",
      "roman": "pū́rvāyāḥ",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "ablative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "पूर्वायै2",
      "roman": "pū́rvāyai2",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "ablative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "पूर्वाभ्याम्",
      "roman": "pū́rvābhyām",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "ablative",
        "dual"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "पूर्वाभ्यः",
      "roman": "pū́rvābhyaḥ",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "ablative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "पूर्वायाः",
      "roman": "pū́rvāyāḥ",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "पूर्वायै2",
      "roman": "pū́rvāyai2",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "पूर्वयोः",
      "roman": "pū́rvayoḥ",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "genitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "पूर्वाणाम्",
      "roman": "pū́rvāṇām",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "पूर्वायाम्",
      "roman": "pū́rvāyām",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "locative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "पूर्वयोः",
      "roman": "pū́rvayoḥ",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "locative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "पूर्वासु",
      "roman": "pū́rvāsu",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "locative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "पूर्वे",
      "roman": "pū́rve",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "singular",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "पूर्वे",
      "roman": "pū́rve",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "पूर्वाः",
      "roman": "pū́rvāḥ",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sa-decl-adj-mfn",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "पूर्वम्",
      "roman": "pū́rvam",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "पूर्वे",
      "roman": "pū́rve",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "nominative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "पूर्वाणि",
      "roman": "pū́rvāṇi",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "पूर्वा1",
      "roman": "pū́rvā1",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "पूर्वम्",
      "roman": "pū́rvam",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "पूर्वे",
      "roman": "pū́rve",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "dual"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "पूर्वाणि",
      "roman": "pū́rvāṇi",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "पूर्वा1",
      "roman": "pū́rvā1",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "पूर्वेण",
      "roman": "pū́rveṇa",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "पूर्वाभ्याम्",
      "roman": "pū́rvābhyām",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "instrumental"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "पूर्वैः",
      "roman": "pū́rvaiḥ",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "पूर्वेभिः1",
      "roman": "pū́rvebhiḥ1",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "पूर्वाय",
      "roman": "pū́rvāya",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "पूर्वाभ्याम्",
      "roman": "pū́rvābhyām",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "dual"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "पूर्वेभ्यः",
      "roman": "pū́rvebhyaḥ",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "पूर्वात्",
      "roman": "pū́rvāt",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "ablative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "पूर्वाभ्याम्",
      "roman": "pū́rvābhyām",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "ablative",
        "dual"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "पूर्वेभ्यः",
      "roman": "pū́rvebhyaḥ",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "ablative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "पूर्वस्य",
      "roman": "pū́rvasya",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "पूर्वयोः",
      "roman": "pū́rvayoḥ",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "genitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "पूर्वाणाम्",
      "roman": "pū́rvāṇām",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "पूर्वे",
      "roman": "pū́rve",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "locative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "पूर्वयोः",
      "roman": "pū́rvayoḥ",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "locative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "पूर्वेषु",
      "roman": "pū́rveṣu",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "locative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "पूर्व",
      "roman": "pū́rva",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "singular",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "पूर्वे",
      "roman": "pū́rve",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "पूर्वाणि",
      "roman": "pū́rvāṇi",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "पूर्वा1",
      "roman": "pū́rvā1",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "vocative"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "tr": "pū́rva"
      },
      "expansion": "पूर्व • (pū́rva) stem",
      "name": "sa-adj"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "pū́rva",
        "2": "pū́rvā",
        "3": "pū́rva"
      },
      "name": "sa-decl-adj-mfn"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "pū́rva",
        "abl_d": "",
        "abl_p": "",
        "abl_s": "",
        "acc_d": "",
        "acc_p": "",
        "acc_s": "",
        "adj": "1",
        "ambig_final": "",
        "at_nom_s": "",
        "dat_d": "",
        "dat_p": "",
        "dat_s": "",
        "diaspirate": "",
        "gen_d": "",
        "gen_p": "",
        "gen_s": "",
        "ins_d": "",
        "ins_p": "",
        "ins_s": "",
        "loc_d": "",
        "loc_p": "",
        "loc_s": "",
        "n": "",
        "nocat": "",
        "nom_d": "",
        "nom_p": "",
        "nom_s": "",
        "note": "",
        "novedic": "",
        "participle": "",
        "pronominal": "",
        "r_stem_a": "ā",
        "root": "",
        "sc": "Deva",
        "voc_d": "",
        "voc_p": "",
        "voc_s": ""
      },
      "name": "sa-decl-noun-m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "pū́rvā",
        "abl_d": "",
        "abl_p": "",
        "abl_s": "",
        "acc_d": "",
        "acc_p": "",
        "acc_s": "",
        "ambig_final": "",
        "dat_d": "",
        "dat_p": "",
        "dat_s": "",
        "diaspirate": "",
        "gen_d": "",
        "gen_p": "",
        "gen_s": "",
        "ins_d": "",
        "ins_p": "",
        "ins_s": "",
        "loc_d": "",
        "loc_p": "",
        "loc_s": "",
        "n": "",
        "nocat": "1",
        "nom_d": "",
        "nom_p": "",
        "nom_s": "",
        "note": "",
        "novedic": "",
        "pronominal": "",
        "r_stem_a": "ā",
        "root": "",
        "sc": "Deva",
        "voc_d": "",
        "voc_p": "",
        "voc_s": ""
      },
      "name": "sa-decl-noun-f"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "pū́rva",
        "abl_d": "",
        "abl_p": "",
        "abl_s": "",
        "acc_d": "",
        "acc_p": "",
        "acc_s": "",
        "adj": "1",
        "ambig_final": "",
        "at_nom_s": "",
        "dat_d": "",
        "dat_p": "",
        "dat_s": "",
        "diaspirate": "",
        "gen_d": "",
        "gen_p": "",
        "gen_s": "",
        "ins_d": "",
        "ins_p": "",
        "ins_s": "",
        "loc_d": "",
        "loc_p": "",
        "loc_s": "",
        "n": "",
        "nom_d": "",
        "nom_p": "",
        "nom_s": "",
        "note": "",
        "novedic": "",
        "participle": "",
        "pronominal": "",
        "root": "",
        "sc": "Deva",
        "voc_d": "",
        "voc_p": "",
        "voc_s": ""
      },
      "name": "sa-decl-noun-n"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Sanskrit",
  "lang_code": "sa",
  "pos": "adj",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "30 35 35",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Sanskrit entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "ref": "c. 1500 BCE – 1000 BCE, Ṛgveda 7.18.20",
          "text": "न त॑ इन्द्र सुम॒तयो॒ न रायः॑ सं॒चक्षे॒ पूर्वा॑ उ॒षसो॒ न नूत्नाः॑ ।\nदेव॑कं चिन्मान्यमा॒नं ज॑घ॒न्थाव॒ त्मना॑ बृह॒तः शम्ब॑रं भेत् ॥\nná ta indra sumatáyo ná rā́yaḥ saṃcákṣe pū́rvā uṣáso ná nū́tnāḥ.\ndévakaṃ cinmānyamānáṃ jaghanthā́va tmánā bṛhatáḥ śámbaraṃ bhet.\nYour favours, Indra, and your bounties, whether old or new, cannot be counted like the (recurring) dawn;\nyou have slain Devaka, the son of Mānyamāna, and of thine own will, has cast down Śambara from the vast (mountain)."
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "ancient, old"
      ],
      "id": "en-पूर्व-sa-adj-yrw-2QLa",
      "links": [
        [
          "ancient",
          "ancient"
        ],
        [
          "old",
          "old"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "30 35 35",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Sanskrit entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "eastern"
      ],
      "id": "en-पूर्व-sa-adj-QiGo8muy",
      "links": [
        [
          "eastern",
          "eastern"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/púːɾ.ʋɐ/",
      "tags": [
        "Vedic"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/puːɾ.ʋɐ/",
      "tags": [
        "Classical-Sanskrit"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "पूर्व"
}

{
  "categories": [
    "Pages with 4 entries",
    "Pages with entries",
    "Sanskrit a-stem adjectives",
    "Sanskrit a-stem nouns",
    "Sanskrit adjectives",
    "Sanskrit adjectives in Devanagari script",
    "Sanskrit entries with incorrect language header",
    "Sanskrit lemmas",
    "Sanskrit links with redundant alt parameters",
    "Sanskrit prepositions",
    "Sanskrit terms derived from Proto-Indo-Aryan",
    "Sanskrit terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
    "Sanskrit terms derived from Proto-Indo-Iranian",
    "Sanskrit terms inherited from Proto-Indo-Aryan",
    "Sanskrit terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European",
    "Sanskrit terms inherited from Proto-Indo-Iranian",
    "Sanskrit terms with IPA pronunciation",
    "Sanskrit terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
    "sa:Compass points"
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sa",
        "2": "inc-pro",
        "3": "*pr̥Hwás"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-Aryan *pr̥Hwás",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sa",
        "2": "iir-pro",
        "3": "*pr̥Hwás"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-Iranian *pr̥Hwás",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sa",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*pr̥h₂wós",
        "4": "*pr̥h₂-wó-s"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *pr̥h₂-wó-s",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ae",
        "2": "𐬞𐬀𐬎𐬭𐬎𐬎𐬀"
      },
      "expansion": "Avestan 𐬞𐬀𐬎𐬭𐬎𐬎𐬀 (paᵘruua)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ru",
        "2": "пе́рвый"
      },
      "expansion": "Russian пе́рвый (pérvyj)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "first"
      },
      "expansion": "English first",
      "name": "cog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Proto-Indo-Aryan *pr̥Hwás, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *pr̥Hwás, from Proto-Indo-European *pr̥h₂-wó-s, from *preh₂- (“before, in front of”). Cognate with Avestan 𐬞𐬀𐬎𐬭𐬎𐬎𐬀 (paᵘruua), Russian пе́рвый (pérvyj), English first and foremost.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "pū́rva",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sa",
        "2": "preposition",
        "tr": "pū́rva"
      },
      "expansion": "पूर्व • (pū́rva)",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Sanskrit",
  "lang_code": "sa",
  "pos": "prep",
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "before, in front of"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "before",
          "before"
        ],
        [
          "front",
          "front"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/púːɾ.ʋɐ/",
      "tags": [
        "Vedic"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/puːɾ.ʋɐ/",
      "tags": [
        "Classical-Sanskrit"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "पूर्व"
}

{
  "categories": [
    "Pages with 4 entries",
    "Pages with entries",
    "Sanskrit a-stem adjectives",
    "Sanskrit a-stem nouns",
    "Sanskrit adjectives",
    "Sanskrit adjectives in Devanagari script",
    "Sanskrit entries with incorrect language header",
    "Sanskrit lemmas",
    "Sanskrit links with redundant alt parameters",
    "Sanskrit prepositions",
    "Sanskrit terms derived from Proto-Indo-Aryan",
    "Sanskrit terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
    "Sanskrit terms derived from Proto-Indo-Iranian",
    "Sanskrit terms inherited from Proto-Indo-Aryan",
    "Sanskrit terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European",
    "Sanskrit terms inherited from Proto-Indo-Iranian",
    "Sanskrit terms with IPA pronunciation",
    "Sanskrit terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
    "sa:Compass points"
  ],
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "Dardic:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ks",
            "2": "پوٗر",
            "t": "east"
          },
          "expansion": "Kashmiri: پوٗر (pūr, “east”)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Kashmiri: پوٗر (pūr, “east”)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "aee",
            "2": "",
            "t": "first",
            "tr": "puruvāla"
          },
          "expansion": "Northeast Pashayi: [script needed] (puruvāla, “first”)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Northeast Pashayi: [script needed] (puruvāla, “first”)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "glh",
            "2": "",
            "t": "first",
            "tr": "puruvāla"
          },
          "expansion": "Northwest Pashayi: [script needed] (puruvāla, “first”)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Northwest Pashayi: [script needed] (puruvāla, “first”)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "psi",
            "2": "",
            "t": "first",
            "tr": "puruvāla"
          },
          "expansion": "Southeast Pashayi: [script needed] (puruvāla, “first”)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Southeast Pashayi: [script needed] (puruvāla, “first”)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "psh",
            "2": "",
            "t": "first",
            "tr": "puruvāla"
          },
          "expansion": "Southwest Pashayi: [script needed] (puruvāla, “first”)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Southwest Pashayi: [script needed] (puruvāla, “first”)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "pra-hel",
            "2": "-"
          },
          "expansion": "Helu Prakrit:",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Helu Prakrit:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "si",
            "2": "පුව"
          },
          "expansion": "Sinhalese: පුව (puwa)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Sinhalese: පුව (puwa)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "pra-mag",
            "2": "𑀧𑀼𑀯𑁆𑀯",
            "3": "𑀧𑀼𑀯𑁆𑀯𑀸",
            "t2": "east"
          },
          "expansion": "Magadhi Prakrit: 𑀧𑀼𑀯𑁆𑀯 (puvva), 𑀧𑀼𑀯𑁆𑀯𑀸 (puvvā, “east”)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Magadhi Prakrit: 𑀧𑀼𑀯𑁆𑀯 (puvva), 𑀧𑀼𑀯𑁆𑀯𑀸 (puvvā, “east”)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "bn",
            "2": "পুব"
          },
          "expansion": "Bengali: পুব (pubo)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Bengali: পুব (pubo)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "bh",
            "2": "पुर्वे",
            "t": "second ploughing",
            "tr": "purve"
          },
          "expansion": "Bihari: पुर्वे (purve, “second ploughing”)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Bihari: पुर्वे (purve, “second ploughing”)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "mai",
            "2": "पूब",
            "3": "पूबा",
            "t": "east",
            "t2": "easterner",
            "tr": "pūb",
            "tr2": "pūbā"
          },
          "expansion": "Maithili: पूब (pūb, “east”), पूबा (pūbā, “easterner”)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Maithili: पूब (pūb, “east”), पूबा (pūbā, “easterner”)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "pi",
            "2": "pubba",
            "qq": "in compounds"
          },
          "expansion": "Pali: pubba (in compounds)\n→ Burmese: ပုဗ္ဗ (pubba.)",
          "name": "desctree"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Pali: pubba (in compounds)\n→ Burmese: ပုဗ္ဗ (pubba.)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "pra-sau",
            "2": "𑀧𑀼𑀯𑁆𑀯",
            "3": "𑀧𑀼𑀯𑁆𑀯𑀸",
            "t2": "east"
          },
          "expansion": "Sauraseni Prakrit: 𑀧𑀼𑀯𑁆𑀯 (puvva), 𑀧𑀼𑀯𑁆𑀯𑀸 (puvvā, “east”)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Sauraseni Prakrit: 𑀧𑀼𑀯𑁆𑀯 (puvva), 𑀧𑀼𑀯𑁆𑀯𑀸 (puvvā, “east”)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "inc-ohi",
            "2": "पुब",
            "t": "former"
          },
          "expansion": "Old Hindi: पुब (puba, “former”)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old Hindi: पुब (puba, “former”)"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sa",
        "2": "inc-pro",
        "3": "*pr̥Hwás"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-Aryan *pr̥Hwás",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sa",
        "2": "iir-pro",
        "3": "*pr̥Hwás"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-Iranian *pr̥Hwás",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sa",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*pr̥h₂wós",
        "4": "*pr̥h₂-wó-s"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *pr̥h₂-wó-s",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ae",
        "2": "𐬞𐬀𐬎𐬭𐬎𐬎𐬀"
      },
      "expansion": "Avestan 𐬞𐬀𐬎𐬭𐬎𐬎𐬀 (paᵘruua)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ru",
        "2": "пе́рвый"
      },
      "expansion": "Russian пе́рвый (pérvyj)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "first"
      },
      "expansion": "English first",
      "name": "cog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Proto-Indo-Aryan *pr̥Hwás, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *pr̥Hwás, from Proto-Indo-European *pr̥h₂-wó-s, from *preh₂- (“before, in front of”). Cognate with Avestan 𐬞𐬀𐬎𐬭𐬎𐬎𐬀 (paᵘruua), Russian пе́рвый (pérvyj), English first and foremost.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "pū́rva",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sa-decl-adj-mfn",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "पूर्वः",
      "roman": "pū́rvaḥ",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "पूर्वौ",
      "roman": "pū́rvau",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "nominative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "पूर्वा1",
      "roman": "pū́rvā1",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "nominative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "पूर्वाः",
      "roman": "pū́rvāḥ",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "पूर्वासः1",
      "roman": "pū́rvāsaḥ1",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "पूर्वम्",
      "roman": "pū́rvam",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "पूर्वौ",
      "roman": "pū́rvau",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "dual"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "पूर्वा1",
      "roman": "pū́rvā1",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "dual"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "पूर्वान्",
      "roman": "pū́rvān",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "पूर्वेण",
      "roman": "pū́rveṇa",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "पूर्वाभ्याम्",
      "roman": "pū́rvābhyām",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "instrumental"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "पूर्वैः",
      "roman": "pū́rvaiḥ",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "पूर्वेभिः1",
      "roman": "pū́rvebhiḥ1",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "पूर्वाय",
      "roman": "pū́rvāya",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "पूर्वाभ्याम्",
      "roman": "pū́rvābhyām",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "dual"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "पूर्वेभ्यः",
      "roman": "pū́rvebhyaḥ",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "पूर्वात्",
      "roman": "pū́rvāt",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "ablative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "पूर्वाभ्याम्",
      "roman": "pū́rvābhyām",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "ablative",
        "dual"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "पूर्वेभ्यः",
      "roman": "pū́rvebhyaḥ",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "ablative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "पूर्वस्य",
      "roman": "pū́rvasya",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "पूर्वयोः",
      "roman": "pū́rvayoḥ",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "genitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "पूर्वाणाम्",
      "roman": "pū́rvāṇām",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "पूर्वे",
      "roman": "pū́rve",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "locative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "पूर्वयोः",
      "roman": "pū́rvayoḥ",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "locative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "पूर्वेषु",
      "roman": "pū́rveṣu",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "locative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "पूर्व",
      "roman": "pū́rva",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "singular",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "पूर्वौ",
      "roman": "pū́rvau",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "पूर्वा1",
      "roman": "pū́rvā1",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "पूर्वाः",
      "roman": "pū́rvāḥ",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "पूर्वासः1",
      "roman": "pū́rvāsaḥ1",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sa-decl-adj-mfn",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "पूर्वा",
      "roman": "pū́rvā",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "पूर्वे",
      "roman": "pū́rve",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "nominative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "पूर्वाः",
      "roman": "pū́rvāḥ",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "पूर्वाम्",
      "roman": "pū́rvām",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "पूर्वे",
      "roman": "pū́rve",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "dual"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "पूर्वाः",
      "roman": "pū́rvāḥ",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "पूर्वया",
      "roman": "pū́rvayā",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "पूर्वा1",
      "roman": "pū́rvā1",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "पूर्वाभ्याम्",
      "roman": "pū́rvābhyām",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "instrumental"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "पूर्वाभिः",
      "roman": "pū́rvābhiḥ",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "पूर्वायै",
      "roman": "pū́rvāyai",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "पूर्वाभ्याम्",
      "roman": "pū́rvābhyām",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "dual"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "पूर्वाभ्यः",
      "roman": "pū́rvābhyaḥ",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "पूर्वायाः",
      "roman": "pū́rvāyāḥ",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "ablative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "पूर्वायै2",
      "roman": "pū́rvāyai2",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "ablative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "पूर्वाभ्याम्",
      "roman": "pū́rvābhyām",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "ablative",
        "dual"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "पूर्वाभ्यः",
      "roman": "pū́rvābhyaḥ",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "ablative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "पूर्वायाः",
      "roman": "pū́rvāyāḥ",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "पूर्वायै2",
      "roman": "pū́rvāyai2",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "पूर्वयोः",
      "roman": "pū́rvayoḥ",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "genitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "पूर्वाणाम्",
      "roman": "pū́rvāṇām",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "पूर्वायाम्",
      "roman": "pū́rvāyām",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "locative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "पूर्वयोः",
      "roman": "pū́rvayoḥ",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "locative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "पूर्वासु",
      "roman": "pū́rvāsu",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "locative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "पूर्वे",
      "roman": "pū́rve",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "singular",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "पूर्वे",
      "roman": "pū́rve",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "पूर्वाः",
      "roman": "pū́rvāḥ",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sa-decl-adj-mfn",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "पूर्वम्",
      "roman": "pū́rvam",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "पूर्वे",
      "roman": "pū́rve",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "nominative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "पूर्वाणि",
      "roman": "pū́rvāṇi",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "पूर्वा1",
      "roman": "pū́rvā1",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "पूर्वम्",
      "roman": "pū́rvam",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "पूर्वे",
      "roman": "pū́rve",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "dual"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "पूर्वाणि",
      "roman": "pū́rvāṇi",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "पूर्वा1",
      "roman": "pū́rvā1",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "पूर्वेण",
      "roman": "pū́rveṇa",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "पूर्वाभ्याम्",
      "roman": "pū́rvābhyām",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "instrumental"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "पूर्वैः",
      "roman": "pū́rvaiḥ",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "पूर्वेभिः1",
      "roman": "pū́rvebhiḥ1",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "पूर्वाय",
      "roman": "pū́rvāya",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "पूर्वाभ्याम्",
      "roman": "pū́rvābhyām",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "dual"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "पूर्वेभ्यः",
      "roman": "pū́rvebhyaḥ",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "पूर्वात्",
      "roman": "pū́rvāt",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "ablative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "पूर्वाभ्याम्",
      "roman": "pū́rvābhyām",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "ablative",
        "dual"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "पूर्वेभ्यः",
      "roman": "pū́rvebhyaḥ",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "ablative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "पूर्वस्य",
      "roman": "pū́rvasya",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "पूर्वयोः",
      "roman": "pū́rvayoḥ",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "genitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "पूर्वाणाम्",
      "roman": "pū́rvāṇām",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "पूर्वे",
      "roman": "pū́rve",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "locative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "पूर्वयोः",
      "roman": "pū́rvayoḥ",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "locative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "पूर्वेषु",
      "roman": "pū́rveṣu",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "locative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "पूर्व",
      "roman": "pū́rva",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "singular",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "पूर्वे",
      "roman": "pū́rve",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "पूर्वाणि",
      "roman": "pū́rvāṇi",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "पूर्वा1",
      "roman": "pū́rvā1",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "vocative"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "tr": "pū́rva"
      },
      "expansion": "पूर्व • (pū́rva) stem",
      "name": "sa-adj"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "pū́rva",
        "2": "pū́rvā",
        "3": "pū́rva"
      },
      "name": "sa-decl-adj-mfn"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "pū́rva",
        "abl_d": "",
        "abl_p": "",
        "abl_s": "",
        "acc_d": "",
        "acc_p": "",
        "acc_s": "",
        "adj": "1",
        "ambig_final": "",
        "at_nom_s": "",
        "dat_d": "",
        "dat_p": "",
        "dat_s": "",
        "diaspirate": "",
        "gen_d": "",
        "gen_p": "",
        "gen_s": "",
        "ins_d": "",
        "ins_p": "",
        "ins_s": "",
        "loc_d": "",
        "loc_p": "",
        "loc_s": "",
        "n": "",
        "nocat": "",
        "nom_d": "",
        "nom_p": "",
        "nom_s": "",
        "note": "",
        "novedic": "",
        "participle": "",
        "pronominal": "",
        "r_stem_a": "ā",
        "root": "",
        "sc": "Deva",
        "voc_d": "",
        "voc_p": "",
        "voc_s": ""
      },
      "name": "sa-decl-noun-m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "pū́rvā",
        "abl_d": "",
        "abl_p": "",
        "abl_s": "",
        "acc_d": "",
        "acc_p": "",
        "acc_s": "",
        "ambig_final": "",
        "dat_d": "",
        "dat_p": "",
        "dat_s": "",
        "diaspirate": "",
        "gen_d": "",
        "gen_p": "",
        "gen_s": "",
        "ins_d": "",
        "ins_p": "",
        "ins_s": "",
        "loc_d": "",
        "loc_p": "",
        "loc_s": "",
        "n": "",
        "nocat": "1",
        "nom_d": "",
        "nom_p": "",
        "nom_s": "",
        "note": "",
        "novedic": "",
        "pronominal": "",
        "r_stem_a": "ā",
        "root": "",
        "sc": "Deva",
        "voc_d": "",
        "voc_p": "",
        "voc_s": ""
      },
      "name": "sa-decl-noun-f"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "pū́rva",
        "abl_d": "",
        "abl_p": "",
        "abl_s": "",
        "acc_d": "",
        "acc_p": "",
        "acc_s": "",
        "adj": "1",
        "ambig_final": "",
        "at_nom_s": "",
        "dat_d": "",
        "dat_p": "",
        "dat_s": "",
        "diaspirate": "",
        "gen_d": "",
        "gen_p": "",
        "gen_s": "",
        "ins_d": "",
        "ins_p": "",
        "ins_s": "",
        "loc_d": "",
        "loc_p": "",
        "loc_s": "",
        "n": "",
        "nom_d": "",
        "nom_p": "",
        "nom_s": "",
        "note": "",
        "novedic": "",
        "participle": "",
        "pronominal": "",
        "root": "",
        "sc": "Deva",
        "voc_d": "",
        "voc_p": "",
        "voc_s": ""
      },
      "name": "sa-decl-noun-n"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Sanskrit",
  "lang_code": "sa",
  "pos": "adj",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "Sanskrit terms with quotations"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "ref": "c. 1500 BCE – 1000 BCE, Ṛgveda 7.18.20",
          "text": "न त॑ इन्द्र सुम॒तयो॒ न रायः॑ सं॒चक्षे॒ पूर्वा॑ उ॒षसो॒ न नूत्नाः॑ ।\nदेव॑कं चिन्मान्यमा॒नं ज॑घ॒न्थाव॒ त्मना॑ बृह॒तः शम्ब॑रं भेत् ॥\nná ta indra sumatáyo ná rā́yaḥ saṃcákṣe pū́rvā uṣáso ná nū́tnāḥ.\ndévakaṃ cinmānyamānáṃ jaghanthā́va tmánā bṛhatáḥ śámbaraṃ bhet.\nYour favours, Indra, and your bounties, whether old or new, cannot be counted like the (recurring) dawn;\nyou have slain Devaka, the son of Mānyamāna, and of thine own will, has cast down Śambara from the vast (mountain)."
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "ancient, old"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "ancient",
          "ancient"
        ],
        [
          "old",
          "old"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "eastern"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "eastern",
          "eastern"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/púːɾ.ʋɐ/",
      "tags": [
        "Vedic"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/puːɾ.ʋɐ/",
      "tags": [
        "Classical-Sanskrit"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "पूर्व"
}

Download raw JSONL data for पूर्व meaning in Sanskrit (21.0kB)

This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Sanskrit dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-06-21 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-06-01 using wiktextract (074e7de and f1c2b61). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.