"ऊर्ध्व" meaning in Sanskrit

See ऊर्ध्व in All languages combined, or Wiktionary

Adjective

IPA: /uːɾdʱ.ʋɐ́/ [Vedic], /ˈuːɾd̪ʱ.ʋɐ/ [Classical]
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-Iranian *r̥Hdʰwás (“high, upright”), from Proto-Indo-European *h₃r̥dʰ-wó-s (“high, upright”). Cognate with Avestan 𐬆𐬭𐬆𐬜𐬡𐬀 (ər^əδβa), Ancient Greek ὀρθός (orthós), Latin arduus, Old Norse ǫrðugr (“steep”). Etymology templates: {{dercat|sa|inc-pro|inh=1}}, {{inh|sa|iir-pro|*r̥Hdʰwás||high, upright}} Proto-Indo-Iranian *r̥Hdʰwás (“high, upright”), {{inh|sa|ine-pro|*h₃erdʰ-|*h₃r̥dʰ-wó-s|t=high, upright}} Proto-Indo-European *h₃r̥dʰ-wó-s (“high, upright”), {{cog|ae|𐬆𐬭𐬆𐬜𐬡𐬀}} Avestan 𐬆𐬭𐬆𐬜𐬡𐬀 (ər^əδβa), {{cog|grc|ὀρθός}} Ancient Greek ὀρθός (orthós), {{cog|la|arduus}} Latin arduus, {{cog|non|ǫrðugr|t=steep}} Old Norse ǫrðugr (“steep”) Head templates: {{sa-adj|tr=ūrdhvá}} ऊर्ध्व • (ūrdhvá) stem Inflection templates: {{sa-decl-adj-mfn|ūrdhvá|ūrdhvā́|ūrdhvá}}, {{sa-decl-noun-m|ūrdhvá|abl_d=|abl_p=|abl_s=|acc_d=|acc_p=|acc_s=|ambig_final=|dat_d=|dat_p=|dat_s=|diaspirate=|gen_d=|gen_p=|gen_s=|ins_d=|ins_p=|ins_s=|loc_d=|loc_p=|loc_s=|nocat=1|nom_d=|nom_p=|nom_s=|novedic=|participle=|r_stem_a=ā|sc=Deva|voc_d=|voc_p=|voc_s=}}, {{sa-decl-noun-f|ūrdhvā́|abl_d=|abl_p=|abl_s=|acc_d=|acc_p=|acc_s=|ambig_final=|dat_d=|dat_p=|dat_s=|diaspirate=|gen_d=|gen_p=|gen_s=|ins_d=|ins_p=|ins_s=|loc_d=|loc_p=|loc_s=|nocat=1|nom_d=|nom_p=|nom_s=|novedic=|r_stem_a=ā|sc=Deva|voc_d=|voc_p=|voc_s=}}, {{sa-decl-noun-n|ūrdhvá|abl_d=|abl_p=|abl_s=|acc_d=|acc_p=|acc_s=|ambig_final=|dat_d=|dat_p=|dat_s=|diaspirate=|gen_d=|gen_p=|gen_s=|ins_d=|ins_p=|ins_s=|loc_d=|loc_p=|loc_s=|nocat=1|nom_d=|nom_p=|nom_s=|novedic=|participle=|sc=Deva|voc_d=|voc_p=|voc_s=}} Forms: ūrdhvá [romanization], no-table-tags [table-tags], ऊर्ध्वः [nominative, singular], ऊर्ध्वौ [dual, nominative], ऊर्ध्वा1 [dual, nominative], ऊर्ध्वाः [nominative, plural], ऊर्ध्वासः1 [nominative, plural], ऊर्ध्व [singular, vocative], ऊर्ध्वौ [dual, vocative], ऊर्ध्वा1 [dual, vocative], ऊर्ध्वाः [plural, vocative], ऊर्ध्वासः1 [plural, vocative], ऊर्ध्वम् [accusative, singular], ऊर्ध्वौ [accusative, dual], ऊर्ध्वा1 [accusative, dual], ऊर्ध्वान् [accusative, plural], ऊर्ध्वेन [instrumental, singular], ऊर्ध्वाभ्याम् [dual, instrumental], ऊर्ध्वैः [instrumental, plural], ऊर्ध्वेभिः1 [instrumental, plural], ऊर्ध्वाय [dative, singular], ऊर्ध्वाभ्याम् [dative, dual], ऊर्ध्वेभ्यः [dative, plural], ऊर्ध्वात् [ablative, singular], ऊर्ध्वाभ्याम् [ablative, dual], ऊर्ध्वेभ्यः [ablative, plural], ऊर्ध्वस्य [genitive, singular], ऊर्ध्वयोः [dual, genitive], ऊर्ध्वानाम् [genitive, plural], ऊर्ध्वे [locative, singular], ऊर्ध्वयोः [dual, locative], ऊर्ध्वेषु [locative, plural], no-table-tags [table-tags], ऊर्ध्वा [nominative, singular], ऊर्ध्वे [dual, nominative], ऊर्ध्वाः [nominative, plural], ऊर्ध्वे [singular, vocative], ऊर्ध्वे [dual, vocative], ऊर्ध्वाः [plural, vocative], ऊर्ध्वाम् [accusative, singular], ऊर्ध्वे [accusative, dual], ऊर्ध्वाः [accusative, plural], ऊर्ध्वया [instrumental, singular], ऊर्ध्वा1 [instrumental, singular], ऊर्ध्वाभ्याम् [dual, instrumental], ऊर्ध्वाभिः [instrumental, plural], ऊर्ध्वायै [dative, singular], ऊर्ध्वाभ्याम् [dative, dual], ऊर्ध्वाभ्यः [dative, plural], ऊर्ध्वायाः [ablative, singular], ऊर्ध्वायै2 [ablative, singular], ऊर्ध्वाभ्याम् [ablative, dual], ऊर्ध्वाभ्यः [ablative, plural], ऊर्ध्वायाः [genitive, singular], ऊर्ध्वायै2 [genitive, singular], ऊर्ध्वयोः [dual, genitive], ऊर्ध्वानाम् [genitive, plural], ऊर्ध्वायाम् [locative, singular], ऊर्ध्वयोः [dual, locative], ऊर्ध्वासु [locative, plural], no-table-tags [table-tags], ऊर्ध्वम् [nominative, singular], ऊर्ध्वे [dual, nominative], ऊर्ध्वानि [nominative, plural], ऊर्ध्वा1 [nominative, plural], ऊर्ध्व [singular, vocative], ऊर्ध्वे [dual, vocative], ऊर्ध्वानि [plural, vocative], ऊर्ध्वा1 [plural, vocative], ऊर्ध्वम् [accusative, singular], ऊर्ध्वे [accusative, dual], ऊर्ध्वानि [accusative, plural], ऊर्ध्वा1 [accusative, plural], ऊर्ध्वेन [instrumental, singular], ऊर्ध्वाभ्याम् [dual, instrumental], ऊर्ध्वैः [instrumental, plural], ऊर्ध्वेभिः1 [instrumental, plural], ऊर्ध्वाय [dative, singular], ऊर्ध्वाभ्याम् [dative, dual], ऊर्ध्वेभ्यः [dative, plural], ऊर्ध्वात् [ablative, singular], ऊर्ध्वाभ्याम् [ablative, dual], ऊर्ध्वेभ्यः [ablative, plural], ऊर्ध्वस्य [genitive, singular], ऊर्ध्वयोः [dual, genitive], ऊर्ध्वानाम् [genitive, plural], ऊर्ध्वे [locative, singular], ऊर्ध्वयोः [dual, locative], ऊर्ध्वेषु [locative, plural]
  1. rising or tending upwards, raised, elevated, erected, erect, upright, high, above
    Sense id: en-ऊर्ध्व-sa-adj-9ExVaLDM
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Synonyms: ঊৰ্ধ্ব [Assamese, character], ᬊᬃᬥ᭄ᬯ [Balinese, character], ঊর্ধ্ব [Bengali], 𑀊𑀭𑁆𑀥𑁆𑀯 [Brahmi, character], ဦရ်္ဓွ [Burmese, character], ઊર્ધ્વ [Gujarati, character], ਊਰੑਧੑਵ [Gurmukhi, character], ꦈꦴꦂꦣ꧀ꦮ [Javanese, character], ಊರ್ಧ್ವ [Kannada, character], ឩធ៌្វ [Khmer, character], ອູຣ຺ຘ຺ວ [Lao, character], ഊര്ധ്വ [Malayalam, character], 𑘅𑘨𑘿𑘠𑘿𑘪 [Modi, character], ᠤᠤᠷᢑᠾᢦ [Mongolian], 𑐅𑐬𑑂𑐢𑑂𑐰 [Newa, character], ଊର୍ଧ୍ଵ [Odia, character], ꢇꢬ꣄ꢤ꣄ꢮ [Saurashtra, character], 𑆈𑆫𑇀𑆣𑇀𑆮 [Sharada, character], ඌර්ධ්ව [Sinhalese, character], 𑚅𑚤𑚶𑚜𑚶𑚦 [Takri, character], ஊர்த்⁴வ [Tamil, character], ఊర్ధ్వ [Telugu, character], อูรฺธฺว [Thai, character], ཨཱུ་རྡྷྭ [Tibetan, character], 𑒆𑒩𑓂𑒡𑓂𑒫 [Tirhuta, character] Synonyms (Zanabazar Square script): 𑨀𑨃𑨊𑨫𑩇𑨜𑩇𑨭 Disambiguation of 'Zanabazar Square script': 23 11 26 27 10 3

Noun

IPA: /uːɾdʱ.ʋɐ́/ [Vedic], /ˈuːɾd̪ʱ.ʋɐ/ [Classical]
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-Iranian *r̥Hdʰwás (“high, upright”), from Proto-Indo-European *h₃r̥dʰ-wó-s (“high, upright”). Cognate with Avestan 𐬆𐬭𐬆𐬜𐬡𐬀 (ər^əδβa), Ancient Greek ὀρθός (orthós), Latin arduus, Old Norse ǫrðugr (“steep”). Etymology templates: {{dercat|sa|inc-pro|inh=1}}, {{inh|sa|iir-pro|*r̥Hdʰwás||high, upright}} Proto-Indo-Iranian *r̥Hdʰwás (“high, upright”), {{inh|sa|ine-pro|*h₃erdʰ-|*h₃r̥dʰ-wó-s|t=high, upright}} Proto-Indo-European *h₃r̥dʰ-wó-s (“high, upright”), {{cog|ae|𐬆𐬭𐬆𐬜𐬡𐬀}} Avestan 𐬆𐬭𐬆𐬜𐬡𐬀 (ər^əδβa), {{cog|grc|ὀρθός}} Ancient Greek ὀρθός (orthós), {{cog|la|arduus}} Latin arduus, {{cog|non|ǫrðugr|t=steep}} Old Norse ǫrðugr (“steep”) Head templates: {{sa-noun|g=n|tr=ūrdhvá}} ऊर्ध्व • (ūrdhvá) stem, n Inflection templates: {{sa-decl-noun-n|ūrdhvá}} Forms: ūrdhvá [romanization], no-table-tags [table-tags], ऊर्ध्वम् [nominative, singular], ऊर्ध्वे [dual, nominative], ऊर्ध्वानि [nominative, plural], ऊर्ध्वा1 [nominative, plural], ऊर्ध्व [singular, vocative], ऊर्ध्वे [dual, vocative], ऊर्ध्वानि [plural, vocative], ऊर्ध्वा1 [plural, vocative], ऊर्ध्वम् [accusative, singular], ऊर्ध्वे [accusative, dual], ऊर्ध्वानि [accusative, plural], ऊर्ध्वा1 [accusative, plural], ऊर्ध्वेन [instrumental, singular], ऊर्ध्वाभ्याम् [dual, instrumental], ऊर्ध्वैः [instrumental, plural], ऊर्ध्वेभिः1 [instrumental, plural], ऊर्ध्वाय [dative, singular], ऊर्ध्वाभ्याम् [dative, dual], ऊर्ध्वेभ्यः [dative, plural], ऊर्ध्वात् [ablative, singular], ऊर्ध्वाभ्याम् [ablative, dual], ऊर्ध्वेभ्यः [ablative, plural], ऊर्ध्वस्य [genitive, singular], ऊर्ध्वयोः [dual, genitive], ऊर्ध्वानाम् [genitive, plural], ऊर्ध्वे [locative, singular], ऊर्ध्वयोः [dual, locative], ऊर्ध्वेषु [locative, plural]
  1. height, elevation
    Sense id: en-ऊर्ध्व-sa-noun-dzAIXY0Q
  2. anything placed above or higher (+ ablative)
    Sense id: en-ऊर्ध्व-sa-noun-HVDeu~2d
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Synonyms: ঊৰ্ধ্ব [Assamese, character], ᬊᬃᬥ᭄ᬯ [Balinese, character], ঊর্ধ্ব [Bengali], 𑀊𑀭𑁆𑀥𑁆𑀯 [Brahmi, character], ဦရ်္ဓွ [Burmese, character], ઊર્ધ્વ [Gujarati, character], ਊਰੑਧੑਵ [Gurmukhi, character], ꦈꦴꦂꦣ꧀ꦮ [Javanese, character], ಊರ್ಧ್ವ [Kannada, character], ឩធ៌្វ [Khmer, character], ອູຣ຺ຘ຺ວ [Lao, character], ഊര്ധ്വ [Malayalam, character], 𑘅𑘨𑘿𑘠𑘿𑘪 [Modi, character], ᠤᠤᠷᢑᠾᢦ [Mongolian], 𑐅𑐬𑑂𑐢𑑂𑐰 [Newa, character], ଊର୍ଧ୍ଵ [Odia, character], ꢇꢬ꣄ꢤ꣄ꢮ [Saurashtra, character], 𑆈𑆫𑇀𑆣𑇀𑆮 [Sharada, character], ඌර්ධ්ව [Sinhalese, character], 𑚅𑚤𑚶𑚜𑚶𑚦 [Takri, character], ஊர்த்⁴வ [Tamil, character], ఊర్ధ్వ [Telugu, character], อูรฺธฺว [Thai, character], ཨཱུ་རྡྷྭ [Tibetan, character], 𑒆𑒩𑓂𑒡𑓂𑒫 [Tirhuta, character] Synonyms (Zanabazar Square script): 𑨀𑨃𑨊𑨫𑩇𑨜𑩇𑨭 Disambiguation of 'Zanabazar Square script': 23 11 26 27 10 3

Preposition

IPA: /uːɾdʱ.ʋɐ́/ [Vedic], /ˈuːɾd̪ʱ.ʋɐ/ [Classical] Forms: ūrdhvá [romanization]
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-Iranian *r̥Hdʰwás (“high, upright”), from Proto-Indo-European *h₃r̥dʰ-wó-s (“high, upright”). Cognate with Avestan 𐬆𐬭𐬆𐬜𐬡𐬀 (ər^əδβa), Ancient Greek ὀρθός (orthós), Latin arduus, Old Norse ǫrðugr (“steep”). Etymology templates: {{dercat|sa|inc-pro|inh=1}}, {{inh|sa|iir-pro|*r̥Hdʰwás||high, upright}} Proto-Indo-Iranian *r̥Hdʰwás (“high, upright”), {{inh|sa|ine-pro|*h₃erdʰ-|*h₃r̥dʰ-wó-s|t=high, upright}} Proto-Indo-European *h₃r̥dʰ-wó-s (“high, upright”), {{cog|ae|𐬆𐬭𐬆𐬜𐬡𐬀}} Avestan 𐬆𐬭𐬆𐬜𐬡𐬀 (ər^əδβa), {{cog|grc|ὀρθός}} Ancient Greek ὀρθός (orthós), {{cog|la|arduus}} Latin arduus, {{cog|non|ǫrðugr|t=steep}} Old Norse ǫrðugr (“steep”) Head templates: {{head|sa|preposition|tr=ūrdhvá}} ऊर्ध्व • (ūrdhvá)
  1. in the sequel, in the later part (e.g. of a book or manuscript; because in Sanskrit manuscripts the later leaves stand above), subsequent, after (with ablative)
    Sense id: en-ऊर्ध्व-sa-prep-SG5c8dLt Categories (other): Sanskrit adjectives in Devanagari script, Sanskrit entries with incorrect language header, Sanskrit prepositions, Sanskrit terms with non-redundant manual transliterations Disambiguation of Sanskrit adjectives in Devanagari script: 7 2 8 57 6 19 Disambiguation of Sanskrit entries with incorrect language header: 22 4 22 41 6 6 Disambiguation of Sanskrit prepositions: 10 7 11 51 11 10 Disambiguation of Sanskrit terms with non-redundant manual transliterations: 16 4 17 52 7 4 Synonyms (Bhaiksuki script): 𑰅𑰨𑰿𑰠𑰿𑰪 Synonyms (Grantha script): 𑌊𑌰𑍍𑌧𑍍𑌵 Synonyms (Kaithi script): 𑂈𑂩𑂹𑂡𑂹𑂫 Synonyms (Manchu script): ᡠᡠᡵᢡᠣᠸᠠ Synonyms (Nandinagari script): 𑦥𑧈𑧠𑧀𑧠𑧊 Synonyms (Siddham script): 𑖅𑖨𑖿𑖠𑖿𑖪 Synonyms (Soyombo script): 𑩐, 𑩒, 𑩛, 𑩼, 𑪙, 𑩮, 𑩾 Disambiguation of 'Bhaiksuki script': 25 2 28 38 4 4 Disambiguation of 'Grantha script': 25 2 28 38 4 4 Disambiguation of 'Kaithi script': 25 2 28 38 4 4 Disambiguation of 'Manchu script': 9 8 14 37 14 19 Disambiguation of 'Nandinagari script': 24 2 28 38 3 4 Disambiguation of 'Siddham script': 0 0 0 100 0 0 Disambiguation of 'Soyombo script': 25 2 28 38 4 4
  2. after, after the death of (+ ablative)
    Sense id: en-ऊर्ध्व-sa-prep-FmU~pttC
  3. in a high tone, aloud
    Sense id: en-ऊर्ध्व-sa-prep-UiubJ5sW
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Synonyms: ঊৰ্ধ্ব [Assamese, character], ᬊᬃᬥ᭄ᬯ [Balinese, character], ঊর্ধ্ব [Bengali], 𑀊𑀭𑁆𑀥𑁆𑀯 [Brahmi, character], ဦရ်္ဓွ [Burmese, character], ઊર્ધ્વ [Gujarati, character], ਊਰੑਧੑਵ [Gurmukhi, character], ꦈꦴꦂꦣ꧀ꦮ [Javanese, character], ಊರ್ಧ್ವ [Kannada, character], ឩធ៌្វ [Khmer, character], ອູຣ຺ຘ຺ວ [Lao, character], ഊര്ധ്വ [Malayalam, character], 𑘅𑘨𑘿𑘠𑘿𑘪 [Modi, character], ᠤᠤᠷᢑᠾᢦ [Mongolian], 𑐅𑐬𑑂𑐢𑑂𑐰 [Newa, character], ଊର୍ଧ୍ଵ [Odia, character], ꢇꢬ꣄ꢤ꣄ꢮ [Saurashtra, character], 𑆈𑆫𑇀𑆣𑇀𑆮 [Sharada, character], ඌර්ධ්ව [Sinhalese, character], 𑚅𑚤𑚶𑚜𑚶𑚦 [Takri, character], ஊர்த்⁴வ [Tamil, character], ఊర్ధ్వ [Telugu, character], อูรฺธฺว [Thai, character], ཨཱུ་རྡྷྭ [Tibetan, character], 𑒆𑒩𑓂𑒡𑓂𑒫 [Tirhuta, character] Synonyms (Zanabazar Square script): 𑨀𑨃𑨊𑨫𑩇𑨜𑩇𑨭 Disambiguation of 'Zanabazar Square script': 23 11 26 27 10 3

Download JSON data for ऊर्ध्व meaning in Sanskrit (33.6kB)

{
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sa",
        "2": "inc-pro",
        "inh": "1"
      },
      "expansion": "",
      "name": "dercat"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sa",
        "2": "iir-pro",
        "3": "*r̥Hdʰwás",
        "4": "",
        "5": "high, upright"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-Iranian *r̥Hdʰwás (“high, upright”)",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sa",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*h₃erdʰ-",
        "4": "*h₃r̥dʰ-wó-s",
        "t": "high, upright"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *h₃r̥dʰ-wó-s (“high, upright”)",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ae",
        "2": "𐬆𐬭𐬆𐬜𐬡𐬀"
      },
      "expansion": "Avestan 𐬆𐬭𐬆𐬜𐬡𐬀 (ər^əδβa)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "grc",
        "2": "ὀρθός"
      },
      "expansion": "Ancient Greek ὀρθός (orthós)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "arduus"
      },
      "expansion": "Latin arduus",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "non",
        "2": "ǫrðugr",
        "t": "steep"
      },
      "expansion": "Old Norse ǫrðugr (“steep”)",
      "name": "cog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Proto-Indo-Iranian *r̥Hdʰwás (“high, upright”), from Proto-Indo-European *h₃r̥dʰ-wó-s (“high, upright”). Cognate with Avestan 𐬆𐬭𐬆𐬜𐬡𐬀 (ər^əδβa), Ancient Greek ὀρθός (orthós), Latin arduus, Old Norse ǫrðugr (“steep”).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "ūrdhvá",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sa-decl-adj-mfn",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "a-stem",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "class"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ऊर्ध्वः",
      "roman": "ūrdhváḥ",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ऊर्ध्वौ",
      "roman": "ūrdhvaú",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "nominative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ऊर्ध्वा1",
      "roman": "ūrdhvā́1",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "nominative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ऊर्ध्वाः",
      "roman": "ūrdhvā́ḥ",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ऊर्ध्वासः1",
      "roman": "ūrdhvā́saḥ1",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ऊर्ध्व",
      "roman": "ū́rdhva",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "singular",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ऊर्ध्वौ",
      "roman": "ū́rdhvau",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ऊर्ध्वा1",
      "roman": "ū́rdhvā1",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ऊर्ध्वाः",
      "roman": "ū́rdhvāḥ",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ऊर्ध्वासः1",
      "roman": "ū́rdhvāsaḥ1",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ऊर्ध्वम्",
      "roman": "ūrdhvám",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ऊर्ध्वौ",
      "roman": "ūrdhvaú",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "dual"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ऊर्ध्वा1",
      "roman": "ūrdhvā́1",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "dual"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ऊर्ध्वान्",
      "roman": "ūrdhvā́n",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ऊर्ध्वेन",
      "roman": "ūrdhvéna",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ऊर्ध्वाभ्याम्",
      "roman": "ūrdhvā́bhyām",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "instrumental"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ऊर्ध्वैः",
      "roman": "ūrdhvaíḥ",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ऊर्ध्वेभिः1",
      "roman": "ūrdhvébhiḥ1",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ऊर्ध्वाय",
      "roman": "ūrdhvā́ya",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ऊर्ध्वाभ्याम्",
      "roman": "ūrdhvā́bhyām",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "dual"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ऊर्ध्वेभ्यः",
      "roman": "ūrdhvébhyaḥ",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ऊर्ध्वात्",
      "roman": "ūrdhvā́t",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "ablative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ऊर्ध्वाभ्याम्",
      "roman": "ūrdhvā́bhyām",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "ablative",
        "dual"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ऊर्ध्वेभ्यः",
      "roman": "ūrdhvébhyaḥ",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "ablative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ऊर्ध्वस्य",
      "roman": "ūrdhvásya",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ऊर्ध्वयोः",
      "roman": "ūrdhváyoḥ",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "genitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ऊर्ध्वानाम्",
      "roman": "ūrdhvā́nām",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ऊर्ध्वे",
      "roman": "ūrdhvé",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "locative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ऊर्ध्वयोः",
      "roman": "ūrdhváyoḥ",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "locative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ऊर्ध्वेषु",
      "roman": "ūrdhvéṣu",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "locative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sa-decl-adj-mfn",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ā-stem",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "class"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ऊर्ध्वा",
      "roman": "ūrdhvā́",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ऊर्ध्वे",
      "roman": "ūrdhvé",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "nominative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ऊर्ध्वाः",
      "roman": "ūrdhvā́ḥ",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ऊर्ध्वे",
      "roman": "ū́rdhve",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "singular",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ऊर्ध्वे",
      "roman": "ū́rdhve",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ऊर्ध्वाः",
      "roman": "ū́rdhvāḥ",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ऊर्ध्वाम्",
      "roman": "ūrdhvā́m",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ऊर्ध्वे",
      "roman": "ūrdhvé",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "dual"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ऊर्ध्वाः",
      "roman": "ūrdhvā́ḥ",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ऊर्ध्वया",
      "roman": "ūrdhváyā",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ऊर्ध्वा1",
      "roman": "ūrdhvā́1",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ऊर्ध्वाभ्याम्",
      "roman": "ūrdhvā́bhyām",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "instrumental"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ऊर्ध्वाभिः",
      "roman": "ūrdhvā́bhiḥ",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ऊर्ध्वायै",
      "roman": "ūrdhvā́yai",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ऊर्ध्वाभ्याम्",
      "roman": "ūrdhvā́bhyām",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "dual"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ऊर्ध्वाभ्यः",
      "roman": "ūrdhvā́bhyaḥ",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ऊर्ध्वायाः",
      "roman": "ūrdhvā́yāḥ",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "ablative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ऊर्ध्वायै2",
      "roman": "ūrdhvā́yai2",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "ablative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ऊर्ध्वाभ्याम्",
      "roman": "ūrdhvā́bhyām",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "ablative",
        "dual"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ऊर्ध्वाभ्यः",
      "roman": "ūrdhvā́bhyaḥ",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "ablative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ऊर्ध्वायाः",
      "roman": "ūrdhvā́yāḥ",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ऊर्ध्वायै2",
      "roman": "ūrdhvā́yai2",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ऊर्ध्वयोः",
      "roman": "ūrdhváyoḥ",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "genitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ऊर्ध्वानाम्",
      "roman": "ūrdhvā́nām",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ऊर्ध्वायाम्",
      "roman": "ūrdhvā́yām",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "locative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ऊर्ध्वयोः",
      "roman": "ūrdhváyoḥ",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "locative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ऊर्ध्वासु",
      "roman": "ūrdhvā́su",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "locative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sa-decl-adj-mfn",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "a-stem",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "class"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ऊर्ध्वम्",
      "roman": "ūrdhvám",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ऊर्ध्वे",
      "roman": "ūrdhvé",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "nominative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ऊर्ध्वानि",
      "roman": "ūrdhvā́ni",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ऊर्ध्वा1",
      "roman": "ūrdhvā́1",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ऊर्ध्व",
      "roman": "ū́rdhva",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "singular",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ऊर्ध्वे",
      "roman": "ū́rdhve",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ऊर्ध्वानि",
      "roman": "ū́rdhvāni",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ऊर्ध्वा1",
      "roman": "ū́rdhvā1",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ऊर्ध्वम्",
      "roman": "ūrdhvám",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ऊर्ध्वे",
      "roman": "ūrdhvé",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "dual"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ऊर्ध्वानि",
      "roman": "ūrdhvā́ni",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ऊर्ध्वा1",
      "roman": "ūrdhvā́1",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ऊर्ध्वेन",
      "roman": "ūrdhvéna",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ऊर्ध्वाभ्याम्",
      "roman": "ūrdhvā́bhyām",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "instrumental"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ऊर्ध्वैः",
      "roman": "ūrdhvaíḥ",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ऊर्ध्वेभिः1",
      "roman": "ūrdhvébhiḥ1",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ऊर्ध्वाय",
      "roman": "ūrdhvā́ya",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ऊर्ध्वाभ्याम्",
      "roman": "ūrdhvā́bhyām",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "dual"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ऊर्ध्वेभ्यः",
      "roman": "ūrdhvébhyaḥ",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ऊर्ध्वात्",
      "roman": "ūrdhvā́t",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "ablative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ऊर्ध्वाभ्याम्",
      "roman": "ūrdhvā́bhyām",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "ablative",
        "dual"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ऊर्ध्वेभ्यः",
      "roman": "ūrdhvébhyaḥ",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "ablative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ऊर्ध्वस्य",
      "roman": "ūrdhvásya",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ऊर्ध्वयोः",
      "roman": "ūrdhváyoḥ",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "genitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ऊर्ध्वानाम्",
      "roman": "ūrdhvā́nām",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ऊर्ध्वे",
      "roman": "ūrdhvé",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "locative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ऊर्ध्वयोः",
      "roman": "ūrdhváyoḥ",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "locative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ऊर्ध्वेषु",
      "roman": "ūrdhvéṣu",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "locative",
        "plural"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "tr": "ūrdhvá"
      },
      "expansion": "ऊर्ध्व • (ūrdhvá) stem",
      "name": "sa-adj"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ūrdhvá",
        "2": "ūrdhvā́",
        "3": "ūrdhvá"
      },
      "name": "sa-decl-adj-mfn"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ūrdhvá",
        "abl_d": "",
        "abl_p": "",
        "abl_s": "",
        "acc_d": "",
        "acc_p": "",
        "acc_s": "",
        "ambig_final": "",
        "dat_d": "",
        "dat_p": "",
        "dat_s": "",
        "diaspirate": "",
        "gen_d": "",
        "gen_p": "",
        "gen_s": "",
        "ins_d": "",
        "ins_p": "",
        "ins_s": "",
        "loc_d": "",
        "loc_p": "",
        "loc_s": "",
        "nocat": "1",
        "nom_d": "",
        "nom_p": "",
        "nom_s": "",
        "novedic": "",
        "participle": "",
        "r_stem_a": "ā",
        "sc": "Deva",
        "voc_d": "",
        "voc_p": "",
        "voc_s": ""
      },
      "name": "sa-decl-noun-m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ūrdhvā́",
        "abl_d": "",
        "abl_p": "",
        "abl_s": "",
        "acc_d": "",
        "acc_p": "",
        "acc_s": "",
        "ambig_final": "",
        "dat_d": "",
        "dat_p": "",
        "dat_s": "",
        "diaspirate": "",
        "gen_d": "",
        "gen_p": "",
        "gen_s": "",
        "ins_d": "",
        "ins_p": "",
        "ins_s": "",
        "loc_d": "",
        "loc_p": "",
        "loc_s": "",
        "nocat": "1",
        "nom_d": "",
        "nom_p": "",
        "nom_s": "",
        "novedic": "",
        "r_stem_a": "ā",
        "sc": "Deva",
        "voc_d": "",
        "voc_p": "",
        "voc_s": ""
      },
      "name": "sa-decl-noun-f"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ūrdhvá",
        "abl_d": "",
        "abl_p": "",
        "abl_s": "",
        "acc_d": "",
        "acc_p": "",
        "acc_s": "",
        "ambig_final": "",
        "dat_d": "",
        "dat_p": "",
        "dat_s": "",
        "diaspirate": "",
        "gen_d": "",
        "gen_p": "",
        "gen_s": "",
        "ins_d": "",
        "ins_p": "",
        "ins_s": "",
        "loc_d": "",
        "loc_p": "",
        "loc_s": "",
        "nocat": "1",
        "nom_d": "",
        "nom_p": "",
        "nom_s": "",
        "novedic": "",
        "participle": "",
        "sc": "Deva",
        "voc_d": "",
        "voc_p": "",
        "voc_s": ""
      },
      "name": "sa-decl-noun-n"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Sanskrit",
  "lang_code": "sa",
  "pos": "adj",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "Stand up erect to lend us aid, stand up like Savitar the God:\nErect as strength-bestower we call aloud, with unguents and with priests, on thee.",
          "ref": "c. 1700 BCE – 1200 BCE, Ṛgveda 1.36.13",
          "roman": "ūrdhvo vājasya sanitā yadañjibhirvāghadbhirvihvayāmahe.",
          "text": "ऊर्ध्व ऊ षु ण ऊतये तिष्ठा देवो न सविता।\nऊर्ध्वो वाजस्य सनिता यदञ्जिभिर्वाघद्भिर्विह्वयामहे॥\nūrdhva ū ṣu ṇa ūtaye tiṣṭhā devo na savitā."
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "rising or tending upwards, raised, elevated, erected, erect, upright, high, above"
      ],
      "id": "en-ऊर्ध्व-sa-adj-9ExVaLDM",
      "links": [
        [
          "rising",
          "rising"
        ],
        [
          "tending",
          "tending"
        ],
        [
          "upwards",
          "upwards"
        ],
        [
          "raised",
          "raised"
        ],
        [
          "elevated",
          "elevated"
        ],
        [
          "erected",
          "erected"
        ],
        [
          "erect",
          "erect"
        ],
        [
          "upright",
          "upright"
        ],
        [
          "high",
          "high"
        ],
        [
          "above",
          "above"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/uːɾdʱ.ʋɐ́/",
      "tags": [
        "Vedic"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈuːɾd̪ʱ.ʋɐ/",
      "tags": [
        "Classical"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "synonyms": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "tags": [
        "Assamese",
        "character"
      ],
      "word": "ঊৰ্ধ্ব"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "tags": [
        "Balinese",
        "character"
      ],
      "word": "ᬊᬃᬥ᭄ᬯ"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "tags": [
        "Bengali"
      ],
      "word": "ঊর্ধ্ব"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "tags": [
        "Brahmi",
        "character"
      ],
      "word": "𑀊𑀭𑁆𑀥𑁆𑀯"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "tags": [
        "Burmese",
        "character"
      ],
      "word": "ဦရ်္ဓွ"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "tags": [
        "Gujarati",
        "character"
      ],
      "word": "ઊર્ધ્વ"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "tags": [
        "Gurmukhi",
        "character"
      ],
      "word": "ਊਰੑਧੑਵ"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "tags": [
        "Javanese",
        "character"
      ],
      "word": "ꦈꦴꦂꦣ꧀ꦮ"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "tags": [
        "Kannada",
        "character"
      ],
      "word": "ಊರ್ಧ್ವ"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "tags": [
        "Khmer",
        "character"
      ],
      "word": "ឩធ៌្វ"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "tags": [
        "Lao",
        "character"
      ],
      "word": "ອູຣ຺ຘ຺ວ"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "tags": [
        "Malayalam",
        "character"
      ],
      "word": "ഊര്ധ്വ"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "tags": [
        "Modi",
        "character"
      ],
      "word": "𑘅𑘨𑘿𑘠𑘿𑘪"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "tags": [
        "Mongolian"
      ],
      "word": "ᠤᠤᠷᢑᠾᢦ"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "tags": [
        "Newa",
        "character"
      ],
      "word": "𑐅𑐬𑑂𑐢𑑂𑐰"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "tags": [
        "Odia",
        "character"
      ],
      "word": "ଊର୍ଧ୍ଵ"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "tags": [
        "Saurashtra",
        "character"
      ],
      "word": "ꢇꢬ꣄ꢤ꣄ꢮ"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "tags": [
        "Sharada",
        "character"
      ],
      "word": "𑆈𑆫𑇀𑆣𑇀𑆮"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "tags": [
        "Sinhalese",
        "character"
      ],
      "word": "ඌර්ධ්ව"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "tags": [
        "Takri",
        "character"
      ],
      "word": "𑚅𑚤𑚶𑚜𑚶𑚦"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "tags": [
        "Tamil",
        "character"
      ],
      "word": "ஊர்த்⁴வ"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "tags": [
        "Telugu",
        "character"
      ],
      "word": "ఊర్ధ్వ"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "tags": [
        "Thai",
        "character"
      ],
      "word": "อูรฺธฺว"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "tags": [
        "Tibetan",
        "character"
      ],
      "word": "ཨཱུ་རྡྷྭ"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "tags": [
        "Tirhuta",
        "character"
      ],
      "word": "𑒆𑒩𑓂𑒡𑓂𑒫"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "23 11 26 27 10 3",
      "sense": "Zanabazar Square script",
      "word": "𑨀𑨃𑨊𑨫𑩇𑨜𑩇𑨭"
    }
  ],
  "word": "ऊर्ध्व"
}

{
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sa",
        "2": "inc-pro",
        "inh": "1"
      },
      "expansion": "",
      "name": "dercat"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sa",
        "2": "iir-pro",
        "3": "*r̥Hdʰwás",
        "4": "",
        "5": "high, upright"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-Iranian *r̥Hdʰwás (“high, upright”)",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sa",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*h₃erdʰ-",
        "4": "*h₃r̥dʰ-wó-s",
        "t": "high, upright"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *h₃r̥dʰ-wó-s (“high, upright”)",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ae",
        "2": "𐬆𐬭𐬆𐬜𐬡𐬀"
      },
      "expansion": "Avestan 𐬆𐬭𐬆𐬜𐬡𐬀 (ər^əδβa)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "grc",
        "2": "ὀρθός"
      },
      "expansion": "Ancient Greek ὀρθός (orthós)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "arduus"
      },
      "expansion": "Latin arduus",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "non",
        "2": "ǫrðugr",
        "t": "steep"
      },
      "expansion": "Old Norse ǫrðugr (“steep”)",
      "name": "cog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Proto-Indo-Iranian *r̥Hdʰwás (“high, upright”), from Proto-Indo-European *h₃r̥dʰ-wó-s (“high, upright”). Cognate with Avestan 𐬆𐬭𐬆𐬜𐬡𐬀 (ər^əδβa), Ancient Greek ὀρθός (orthós), Latin arduus, Old Norse ǫrðugr (“steep”).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "ūrdhvá",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sa-decl-noun-n",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "a-stem",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "class"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ऊर्ध्वम्",
      "roman": "ūrdhvám",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ऊर्ध्वे",
      "roman": "ūrdhvé",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "nominative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ऊर्ध्वानि",
      "roman": "ūrdhvā́ni",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ऊर्ध्वा1",
      "roman": "ūrdhvā́1",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ऊर्ध्व",
      "roman": "ū́rdhva",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "singular",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ऊर्ध्वे",
      "roman": "ū́rdhve",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ऊर्ध्वानि",
      "roman": "ū́rdhvāni",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ऊर्ध्वा1",
      "roman": "ū́rdhvā1",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ऊर्ध्वम्",
      "roman": "ūrdhvám",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ऊर्ध्वे",
      "roman": "ūrdhvé",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "dual"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ऊर्ध्वानि",
      "roman": "ūrdhvā́ni",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ऊर्ध्वा1",
      "roman": "ūrdhvā́1",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ऊर्ध्वेन",
      "roman": "ūrdhvéna",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ऊर्ध्वाभ्याम्",
      "roman": "ūrdhvā́bhyām",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "instrumental"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ऊर्ध्वैः",
      "roman": "ūrdhvaíḥ",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ऊर्ध्वेभिः1",
      "roman": "ūrdhvébhiḥ1",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ऊर्ध्वाय",
      "roman": "ūrdhvā́ya",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ऊर्ध्वाभ्याम्",
      "roman": "ūrdhvā́bhyām",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "dual"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ऊर्ध्वेभ्यः",
      "roman": "ūrdhvébhyaḥ",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ऊर्ध्वात्",
      "roman": "ūrdhvā́t",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "ablative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ऊर्ध्वाभ्याम्",
      "roman": "ūrdhvā́bhyām",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "ablative",
        "dual"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ऊर्ध्वेभ्यः",
      "roman": "ūrdhvébhyaḥ",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "ablative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ऊर्ध्वस्य",
      "roman": "ūrdhvásya",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ऊर्ध्वयोः",
      "roman": "ūrdhváyoḥ",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "genitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ऊर्ध्वानाम्",
      "roman": "ūrdhvā́nām",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ऊर्ध्वे",
      "roman": "ūrdhvé",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "locative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ऊर्ध्वयोः",
      "roman": "ūrdhváyoḥ",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "locative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ऊर्ध्वेषु",
      "roman": "ūrdhvéṣu",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "locative",
        "plural"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "g": "n",
        "tr": "ūrdhvá"
      },
      "expansion": "ऊर्ध्व • (ūrdhvá) stem, n",
      "name": "sa-noun"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ūrdhvá"
      },
      "name": "sa-decl-noun-n"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Sanskrit",
  "lang_code": "sa",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "height, elevation"
      ],
      "id": "en-ऊर्ध्व-sa-noun-dzAIXY0Q",
      "links": [
        [
          "height",
          "height"
        ],
        [
          "elevation",
          "elevation"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [],
      "examples": [
        {
          "text": "ऊर्ध्वं-गच्छति ― √gam ― to go upwards or into heaven, die",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "anything placed above or higher (+ ablative)"
      ],
      "id": "en-ऊर्ध्व-sa-noun-HVDeu~2d"
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/uːɾdʱ.ʋɐ́/",
      "tags": [
        "Vedic"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈuːɾd̪ʱ.ʋɐ/",
      "tags": [
        "Classical"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "synonyms": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "tags": [
        "Assamese",
        "character"
      ],
      "word": "ঊৰ্ধ্ব"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "tags": [
        "Balinese",
        "character"
      ],
      "word": "ᬊᬃᬥ᭄ᬯ"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "tags": [
        "Bengali"
      ],
      "word": "ঊর্ধ্ব"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "tags": [
        "Brahmi",
        "character"
      ],
      "word": "𑀊𑀭𑁆𑀥𑁆𑀯"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "tags": [
        "Burmese",
        "character"
      ],
      "word": "ဦရ်္ဓွ"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "tags": [
        "Gujarati",
        "character"
      ],
      "word": "ઊર્ધ્વ"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "tags": [
        "Gurmukhi",
        "character"
      ],
      "word": "ਊਰੑਧੑਵ"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "tags": [
        "Javanese",
        "character"
      ],
      "word": "ꦈꦴꦂꦣ꧀ꦮ"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "tags": [
        "Kannada",
        "character"
      ],
      "word": "ಊರ್ಧ್ವ"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "tags": [
        "Khmer",
        "character"
      ],
      "word": "ឩធ៌្វ"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "tags": [
        "Lao",
        "character"
      ],
      "word": "ອູຣ຺ຘ຺ວ"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "tags": [
        "Malayalam",
        "character"
      ],
      "word": "ഊര്ധ്വ"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "tags": [
        "Modi",
        "character"
      ],
      "word": "𑘅𑘨𑘿𑘠𑘿𑘪"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "tags": [
        "Mongolian"
      ],
      "word": "ᠤᠤᠷᢑᠾᢦ"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "tags": [
        "Newa",
        "character"
      ],
      "word": "𑐅𑐬𑑂𑐢𑑂𑐰"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "tags": [
        "Odia",
        "character"
      ],
      "word": "ଊର୍ଧ୍ଵ"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "tags": [
        "Saurashtra",
        "character"
      ],
      "word": "ꢇꢬ꣄ꢤ꣄ꢮ"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "tags": [
        "Sharada",
        "character"
      ],
      "word": "𑆈𑆫𑇀𑆣𑇀𑆮"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "tags": [
        "Sinhalese",
        "character"
      ],
      "word": "ඌර්ධ්ව"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "tags": [
        "Takri",
        "character"
      ],
      "word": "𑚅𑚤𑚶𑚜𑚶𑚦"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "tags": [
        "Tamil",
        "character"
      ],
      "word": "ஊர்த்⁴வ"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "tags": [
        "Telugu",
        "character"
      ],
      "word": "ఊర్ధ్వ"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "tags": [
        "Thai",
        "character"
      ],
      "word": "อูรฺธฺว"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "tags": [
        "Tibetan",
        "character"
      ],
      "word": "ཨཱུ་རྡྷྭ"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "tags": [
        "Tirhuta",
        "character"
      ],
      "word": "𑒆𑒩𑓂𑒡𑓂𑒫"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "23 11 26 27 10 3",
      "sense": "Zanabazar Square script",
      "word": "𑨀𑨃𑨊𑨫𑩇𑨜𑩇𑨭"
    }
  ],
  "word": "ऊर्ध्व"
}

{
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "pi",
            "2": "uddha",
            "3": "ubbha"
          },
          "expansion": "Pali: uddha, ubbha",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Pali: uddha, ubbha"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "phl",
            "2": "-"
          },
          "expansion": "Phalura:",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Phalura:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "phl",
            "2": "huṇḍ",
            "sclb": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "Latin script: huṇḍ",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Latin script: huṇḍ"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "phl",
            "2": "ہُنڈ",
            "sclb": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "Arabic script: ہُنڈ",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Arabic script: ہُنڈ"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "inc-pra",
            "2": "𑀉𑀟𑁆𑀠",
            "3": "𑀉𑀤𑁆𑀥",
            "4": "𑀉𑀩𑁆𑀪"
          },
          "expansion": "Prakrit: 𑀉𑀟𑁆𑀠 (uḍḍha), 𑀉𑀤𑁆𑀥 (uddha), 𑀉𑀩𑁆𑀪 (ubbha)",
          "name": "desc"
        },
        {
          "args": {},
          "expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
          "name": "see desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Prakrit: 𑀉𑀟𑁆𑀠 (uḍḍha), 𑀉𑀤𑁆𑀥 (uddha), 𑀉𑀩𑁆𑀪 (ubbha) (see there for further descendants)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "iru",
            "2": "உத்த்ய"
          },
          "expansion": "Irula: உத்த்ய (uttya)",
          "name": "descendant"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Irula: உத்த்ய (uttya)"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sa",
        "2": "inc-pro",
        "inh": "1"
      },
      "expansion": "",
      "name": "dercat"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sa",
        "2": "iir-pro",
        "3": "*r̥Hdʰwás",
        "4": "",
        "5": "high, upright"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-Iranian *r̥Hdʰwás (“high, upright”)",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sa",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*h₃erdʰ-",
        "4": "*h₃r̥dʰ-wó-s",
        "t": "high, upright"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *h₃r̥dʰ-wó-s (“high, upright”)",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ae",
        "2": "𐬆𐬭𐬆𐬜𐬡𐬀"
      },
      "expansion": "Avestan 𐬆𐬭𐬆𐬜𐬡𐬀 (ər^əδβa)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "grc",
        "2": "ὀρθός"
      },
      "expansion": "Ancient Greek ὀρθός (orthós)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "arduus"
      },
      "expansion": "Latin arduus",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "non",
        "2": "ǫrðugr",
        "t": "steep"
      },
      "expansion": "Old Norse ǫrðugr (“steep”)",
      "name": "cog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Proto-Indo-Iranian *r̥Hdʰwás (“high, upright”), from Proto-Indo-European *h₃r̥dʰ-wó-s (“high, upright”). Cognate with Avestan 𐬆𐬭𐬆𐬜𐬡𐬀 (ər^əδβa), Ancient Greek ὀρθός (orthós), Latin arduus, Old Norse ǫrðugr (“steep”).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "ūrdhvá",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sa",
        "2": "preposition",
        "tr": "ūrdhvá"
      },
      "expansion": "ऊर्ध्व • (ūrdhvá)",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Sanskrit",
  "lang_code": "sa",
  "pos": "prep",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "7 2 8 57 6 19",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Sanskrit adjectives in Devanagari script",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "22 4 22 41 6 6",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Sanskrit entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "10 7 11 51 11 10",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Sanskrit prepositions",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "16 4 17 52 7 4",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Sanskrit terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
          "parents": [
            "Terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "hence forward, from that time forward, after that passage, hereafter",
          "text": "अत ऊर्ध्वम् (ata ūrdhvam), or इत ऊर्ध्वम् (ita ūrdhvam)"
        },
        {
          "english": "after a year",
          "roman": "ūrdhvaṃ saṃvatsarāt",
          "text": "ऊर्ध्वं संवत्सरात्",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "english": "after life, after death",
          "roman": "ūrdhvaṃ dehāt",
          "text": "ऊर्ध्वं देहात्",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "in the sequel, in the later part (e.g. of a book or manuscript; because in Sanskrit manuscripts the later leaves stand above), subsequent, after (with ablative)"
      ],
      "id": "en-ऊर्ध्व-sa-prep-SG5c8dLt",
      "links": [
        [
          "subsequent",
          "subsequent"
        ],
        [
          "after",
          "after"
        ]
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "_dis1": "25 2 28 38 4 4",
          "sense": "Bhaiksuki script",
          "word": "𑰅𑰨𑰿𑰠𑰿𑰪"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "25 2 28 38 4 4",
          "sense": "Grantha script",
          "word": "𑌊𑌰𑍍𑌧𑍍𑌵"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "25 2 28 38 4 4",
          "sense": "Kaithi script",
          "word": "𑂈𑂩𑂹𑂡𑂹𑂫"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "9 8 14 37 14 19",
          "sense": "Manchu script",
          "word": "ᡠᡠᡵᢡᠣᠸᠠ"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "24 2 28 38 3 4",
          "sense": "Nandinagari script",
          "word": "𑦥𑧈𑧠𑧀𑧠𑧊"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "0 0 0 100 0 0",
          "sense": "Siddham script",
          "word": "𑖅𑖨𑖿𑖠𑖿𑖪"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "25 2 28 38 4 4",
          "qualifier": "Soyombo script",
          "sense": "Soyombo script",
          "word": "𑩐"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "25 2 28 38 4 4",
          "qualifier": "Soyombo script",
          "sense": "Soyombo script",
          "word": "𑩒"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "25 2 28 38 4 4",
          "qualifier": "Soyombo script",
          "sense": "Soyombo script",
          "word": "𑩛"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "25 2 28 38 4 4",
          "qualifier": "Soyombo script",
          "sense": "Soyombo script",
          "word": "𑩼"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "25 2 28 38 4 4",
          "qualifier": "Soyombo script",
          "sense": "Soyombo script",
          "word": "𑪙"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "25 2 28 38 4 4",
          "qualifier": "Soyombo script",
          "sense": "Soyombo script",
          "word": "𑩮"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "25 2 28 38 4 4",
          "qualifier": "Soyombo script",
          "sense": "Soyombo script",
          "word": "𑩾"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "after the father's death",
          "roman": "ūrdhvaṃ pituḥ",
          "text": "ऊर्ध्वं पितुः",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "after, after the death of (+ ablative)"
      ],
      "id": "en-ऊर्ध्व-sa-prep-FmU~pttC",
      "links": [
        [
          "after",
          "after"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "in a high tone, aloud"
      ],
      "id": "en-ऊर्ध्व-sa-prep-UiubJ5sW",
      "links": [
        [
          "aloud",
          "aloud"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/uːɾdʱ.ʋɐ́/",
      "tags": [
        "Vedic"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈuːɾd̪ʱ.ʋɐ/",
      "tags": [
        "Classical"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "synonyms": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "tags": [
        "Assamese",
        "character"
      ],
      "word": "ঊৰ্ধ্ব"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "tags": [
        "Balinese",
        "character"
      ],
      "word": "ᬊᬃᬥ᭄ᬯ"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "tags": [
        "Bengali"
      ],
      "word": "ঊর্ধ্ব"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "tags": [
        "Brahmi",
        "character"
      ],
      "word": "𑀊𑀭𑁆𑀥𑁆𑀯"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "tags": [
        "Burmese",
        "character"
      ],
      "word": "ဦရ်္ဓွ"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "tags": [
        "Gujarati",
        "character"
      ],
      "word": "ઊર્ધ્વ"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "tags": [
        "Gurmukhi",
        "character"
      ],
      "word": "ਊਰੑਧੑਵ"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "tags": [
        "Javanese",
        "character"
      ],
      "word": "ꦈꦴꦂꦣ꧀ꦮ"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "tags": [
        "Kannada",
        "character"
      ],
      "word": "ಊರ್ಧ್ವ"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "tags": [
        "Khmer",
        "character"
      ],
      "word": "ឩធ៌្វ"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "tags": [
        "Lao",
        "character"
      ],
      "word": "ອູຣ຺ຘ຺ວ"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "tags": [
        "Malayalam",
        "character"
      ],
      "word": "ഊര്ധ്വ"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "tags": [
        "Modi",
        "character"
      ],
      "word": "𑘅𑘨𑘿𑘠𑘿𑘪"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "tags": [
        "Mongolian"
      ],
      "word": "ᠤᠤᠷᢑᠾᢦ"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "tags": [
        "Newa",
        "character"
      ],
      "word": "𑐅𑐬𑑂𑐢𑑂𑐰"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "tags": [
        "Odia",
        "character"
      ],
      "word": "ଊର୍ଧ୍ଵ"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "tags": [
        "Saurashtra",
        "character"
      ],
      "word": "ꢇꢬ꣄ꢤ꣄ꢮ"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "tags": [
        "Sharada",
        "character"
      ],
      "word": "𑆈𑆫𑇀𑆣𑇀𑆮"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "tags": [
        "Sinhalese",
        "character"
      ],
      "word": "ඌර්ධ්ව"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "tags": [
        "Takri",
        "character"
      ],
      "word": "𑚅𑚤𑚶𑚜𑚶𑚦"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "tags": [
        "Tamil",
        "character"
      ],
      "word": "ஊர்த்⁴வ"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "tags": [
        "Telugu",
        "character"
      ],
      "word": "ఊర్ధ్వ"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "tags": [
        "Thai",
        "character"
      ],
      "word": "อูรฺธฺว"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "tags": [
        "Tibetan",
        "character"
      ],
      "word": "ཨཱུ་རྡྷྭ"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "tags": [
        "Tirhuta",
        "character"
      ],
      "word": "𑒆𑒩𑓂𑒡𑓂𑒫"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "23 11 26 27 10 3",
      "sense": "Zanabazar Square script",
      "word": "𑨀𑨃𑨊𑨫𑩇𑨜𑩇𑨭"
    }
  ],
  "word": "ऊर्ध्व"
}

{
  "categories": [
    "Sanskrit a-stem nouns",
    "Sanskrit adjectives",
    "Sanskrit adjectives in Devanagari script",
    "Sanskrit entries with incorrect language header",
    "Sanskrit lemmas",
    "Sanskrit neuter nouns",
    "Sanskrit nouns",
    "Sanskrit nouns in Devanagari script",
    "Sanskrit prepositions",
    "Sanskrit terms derived from Proto-Indo-Aryan",
    "Sanskrit terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
    "Sanskrit terms derived from Proto-Indo-Iranian",
    "Sanskrit terms inherited from Proto-Indo-Aryan",
    "Sanskrit terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European",
    "Sanskrit terms inherited from Proto-Indo-Iranian",
    "Sanskrit terms with IPA pronunciation",
    "Sanskrit terms with non-redundant manual transliterations"
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sa",
        "2": "inc-pro",
        "inh": "1"
      },
      "expansion": "",
      "name": "dercat"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sa",
        "2": "iir-pro",
        "3": "*r̥Hdʰwás",
        "4": "",
        "5": "high, upright"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-Iranian *r̥Hdʰwás (“high, upright”)",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sa",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*h₃erdʰ-",
        "4": "*h₃r̥dʰ-wó-s",
        "t": "high, upright"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *h₃r̥dʰ-wó-s (“high, upright”)",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ae",
        "2": "𐬆𐬭𐬆𐬜𐬡𐬀"
      },
      "expansion": "Avestan 𐬆𐬭𐬆𐬜𐬡𐬀 (ər^əδβa)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "grc",
        "2": "ὀρθός"
      },
      "expansion": "Ancient Greek ὀρθός (orthós)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "arduus"
      },
      "expansion": "Latin arduus",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "non",
        "2": "ǫrðugr",
        "t": "steep"
      },
      "expansion": "Old Norse ǫrðugr (“steep”)",
      "name": "cog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Proto-Indo-Iranian *r̥Hdʰwás (“high, upright”), from Proto-Indo-European *h₃r̥dʰ-wó-s (“high, upright”). Cognate with Avestan 𐬆𐬭𐬆𐬜𐬡𐬀 (ər^əδβa), Ancient Greek ὀρθός (orthós), Latin arduus, Old Norse ǫrðugr (“steep”).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "ūrdhvá",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sa-decl-adj-mfn",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "a-stem",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "class"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ऊर्ध्वः",
      "roman": "ūrdhváḥ",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ऊर्ध्वौ",
      "roman": "ūrdhvaú",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "nominative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ऊर्ध्वा1",
      "roman": "ūrdhvā́1",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "nominative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ऊर्ध्वाः",
      "roman": "ūrdhvā́ḥ",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ऊर्ध्वासः1",
      "roman": "ūrdhvā́saḥ1",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ऊर्ध्व",
      "roman": "ū́rdhva",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "singular",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ऊर्ध्वौ",
      "roman": "ū́rdhvau",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ऊर्ध्वा1",
      "roman": "ū́rdhvā1",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ऊर्ध्वाः",
      "roman": "ū́rdhvāḥ",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ऊर्ध्वासः1",
      "roman": "ū́rdhvāsaḥ1",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ऊर्ध्वम्",
      "roman": "ūrdhvám",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ऊर्ध्वौ",
      "roman": "ūrdhvaú",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "dual"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ऊर्ध्वा1",
      "roman": "ūrdhvā́1",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "dual"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ऊर्ध्वान्",
      "roman": "ūrdhvā́n",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ऊर्ध्वेन",
      "roman": "ūrdhvéna",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ऊर्ध्वाभ्याम्",
      "roman": "ūrdhvā́bhyām",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "instrumental"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ऊर्ध्वैः",
      "roman": "ūrdhvaíḥ",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ऊर्ध्वेभिः1",
      "roman": "ūrdhvébhiḥ1",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ऊर्ध्वाय",
      "roman": "ūrdhvā́ya",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ऊर्ध्वाभ्याम्",
      "roman": "ūrdhvā́bhyām",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "dual"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ऊर्ध्वेभ्यः",
      "roman": "ūrdhvébhyaḥ",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ऊर्ध्वात्",
      "roman": "ūrdhvā́t",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "ablative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ऊर्ध्वाभ्याम्",
      "roman": "ūrdhvā́bhyām",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "ablative",
        "dual"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ऊर्ध्वेभ्यः",
      "roman": "ūrdhvébhyaḥ",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "ablative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ऊर्ध्वस्य",
      "roman": "ūrdhvásya",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ऊर्ध्वयोः",
      "roman": "ūrdhváyoḥ",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "genitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ऊर्ध्वानाम्",
      "roman": "ūrdhvā́nām",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ऊर्ध्वे",
      "roman": "ūrdhvé",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "locative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ऊर्ध्वयोः",
      "roman": "ūrdhváyoḥ",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "locative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ऊर्ध्वेषु",
      "roman": "ūrdhvéṣu",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "locative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sa-decl-adj-mfn",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ā-stem",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "class"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ऊर्ध्वा",
      "roman": "ūrdhvā́",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ऊर्ध्वे",
      "roman": "ūrdhvé",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "nominative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ऊर्ध्वाः",
      "roman": "ūrdhvā́ḥ",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ऊर्ध्वे",
      "roman": "ū́rdhve",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "singular",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ऊर्ध्वे",
      "roman": "ū́rdhve",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ऊर्ध्वाः",
      "roman": "ū́rdhvāḥ",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ऊर्ध्वाम्",
      "roman": "ūrdhvā́m",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ऊर्ध्वे",
      "roman": "ūrdhvé",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "dual"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ऊर्ध्वाः",
      "roman": "ūrdhvā́ḥ",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ऊर्ध्वया",
      "roman": "ūrdhváyā",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ऊर्ध्वा1",
      "roman": "ūrdhvā́1",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ऊर्ध्वाभ्याम्",
      "roman": "ūrdhvā́bhyām",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "instrumental"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ऊर्ध्वाभिः",
      "roman": "ūrdhvā́bhiḥ",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ऊर्ध्वायै",
      "roman": "ūrdhvā́yai",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ऊर्ध्वाभ्याम्",
      "roman": "ūrdhvā́bhyām",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "dual"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ऊर्ध्वाभ्यः",
      "roman": "ūrdhvā́bhyaḥ",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ऊर्ध्वायाः",
      "roman": "ūrdhvā́yāḥ",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "ablative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ऊर्ध्वायै2",
      "roman": "ūrdhvā́yai2",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "ablative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ऊर्ध्वाभ्याम्",
      "roman": "ūrdhvā́bhyām",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "ablative",
        "dual"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ऊर्ध्वाभ्यः",
      "roman": "ūrdhvā́bhyaḥ",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "ablative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ऊर्ध्वायाः",
      "roman": "ūrdhvā́yāḥ",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ऊर्ध्वायै2",
      "roman": "ūrdhvā́yai2",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ऊर्ध्वयोः",
      "roman": "ūrdhváyoḥ",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "genitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ऊर्ध्वानाम्",
      "roman": "ūrdhvā́nām",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ऊर्ध्वायाम्",
      "roman": "ūrdhvā́yām",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "locative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ऊर्ध्वयोः",
      "roman": "ūrdhváyoḥ",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "locative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ऊर्ध्वासु",
      "roman": "ūrdhvā́su",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "locative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sa-decl-adj-mfn",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "a-stem",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "class"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ऊर्ध्वम्",
      "roman": "ūrdhvám",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ऊर्ध्वे",
      "roman": "ūrdhvé",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "nominative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ऊर्ध्वानि",
      "roman": "ūrdhvā́ni",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ऊर्ध्वा1",
      "roman": "ūrdhvā́1",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ऊर्ध्व",
      "roman": "ū́rdhva",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "singular",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ऊर्ध्वे",
      "roman": "ū́rdhve",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ऊर्ध्वानि",
      "roman": "ū́rdhvāni",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ऊर्ध्वा1",
      "roman": "ū́rdhvā1",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ऊर्ध्वम्",
      "roman": "ūrdhvám",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ऊर्ध्वे",
      "roman": "ūrdhvé",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "dual"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ऊर्ध्वानि",
      "roman": "ūrdhvā́ni",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ऊर्ध्वा1",
      "roman": "ūrdhvā́1",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ऊर्ध्वेन",
      "roman": "ūrdhvéna",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ऊर्ध्वाभ्याम्",
      "roman": "ūrdhvā́bhyām",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "instrumental"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ऊर्ध्वैः",
      "roman": "ūrdhvaíḥ",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ऊर्ध्वेभिः1",
      "roman": "ūrdhvébhiḥ1",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ऊर्ध्वाय",
      "roman": "ūrdhvā́ya",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ऊर्ध्वाभ्याम्",
      "roman": "ūrdhvā́bhyām",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "dual"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ऊर्ध्वेभ्यः",
      "roman": "ūrdhvébhyaḥ",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ऊर्ध्वात्",
      "roman": "ūrdhvā́t",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "ablative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ऊर्ध्वाभ्याम्",
      "roman": "ūrdhvā́bhyām",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "ablative",
        "dual"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ऊर्ध्वेभ्यः",
      "roman": "ūrdhvébhyaḥ",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "ablative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ऊर्ध्वस्य",
      "roman": "ūrdhvásya",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ऊर्ध्वयोः",
      "roman": "ūrdhváyoḥ",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "genitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ऊर्ध्वानाम्",
      "roman": "ūrdhvā́nām",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ऊर्ध्वे",
      "roman": "ūrdhvé",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "locative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ऊर्ध्वयोः",
      "roman": "ūrdhváyoḥ",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "locative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ऊर्ध्वेषु",
      "roman": "ūrdhvéṣu",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "locative",
        "plural"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "tr": "ūrdhvá"
      },
      "expansion": "ऊर्ध्व • (ūrdhvá) stem",
      "name": "sa-adj"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ūrdhvá",
        "2": "ūrdhvā́",
        "3": "ūrdhvá"
      },
      "name": "sa-decl-adj-mfn"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ūrdhvá",
        "abl_d": "",
        "abl_p": "",
        "abl_s": "",
        "acc_d": "",
        "acc_p": "",
        "acc_s": "",
        "ambig_final": "",
        "dat_d": "",
        "dat_p": "",
        "dat_s": "",
        "diaspirate": "",
        "gen_d": "",
        "gen_p": "",
        "gen_s": "",
        "ins_d": "",
        "ins_p": "",
        "ins_s": "",
        "loc_d": "",
        "loc_p": "",
        "loc_s": "",
        "nocat": "1",
        "nom_d": "",
        "nom_p": "",
        "nom_s": "",
        "novedic": "",
        "participle": "",
        "r_stem_a": "ā",
        "sc": "Deva",
        "voc_d": "",
        "voc_p": "",
        "voc_s": ""
      },
      "name": "sa-decl-noun-m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ūrdhvā́",
        "abl_d": "",
        "abl_p": "",
        "abl_s": "",
        "acc_d": "",
        "acc_p": "",
        "acc_s": "",
        "ambig_final": "",
        "dat_d": "",
        "dat_p": "",
        "dat_s": "",
        "diaspirate": "",
        "gen_d": "",
        "gen_p": "",
        "gen_s": "",
        "ins_d": "",
        "ins_p": "",
        "ins_s": "",
        "loc_d": "",
        "loc_p": "",
        "loc_s": "",
        "nocat": "1",
        "nom_d": "",
        "nom_p": "",
        "nom_s": "",
        "novedic": "",
        "r_stem_a": "ā",
        "sc": "Deva",
        "voc_d": "",
        "voc_p": "",
        "voc_s": ""
      },
      "name": "sa-decl-noun-f"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ūrdhvá",
        "abl_d": "",
        "abl_p": "",
        "abl_s": "",
        "acc_d": "",
        "acc_p": "",
        "acc_s": "",
        "ambig_final": "",
        "dat_d": "",
        "dat_p": "",
        "dat_s": "",
        "diaspirate": "",
        "gen_d": "",
        "gen_p": "",
        "gen_s": "",
        "ins_d": "",
        "ins_p": "",
        "ins_s": "",
        "loc_d": "",
        "loc_p": "",
        "loc_s": "",
        "nocat": "1",
        "nom_d": "",
        "nom_p": "",
        "nom_s": "",
        "novedic": "",
        "participle": "",
        "sc": "Deva",
        "voc_d": "",
        "voc_p": "",
        "voc_s": ""
      },
      "name": "sa-decl-noun-n"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Sanskrit",
  "lang_code": "sa",
  "pos": "adj",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "Sanskrit terms with quotations"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "Stand up erect to lend us aid, stand up like Savitar the God:\nErect as strength-bestower we call aloud, with unguents and with priests, on thee.",
          "ref": "c. 1700 BCE – 1200 BCE, Ṛgveda 1.36.13",
          "roman": "ūrdhvo vājasya sanitā yadañjibhirvāghadbhirvihvayāmahe.",
          "text": "ऊर्ध्व ऊ षु ण ऊतये तिष्ठा देवो न सविता।\nऊर्ध्वो वाजस्य सनिता यदञ्जिभिर्वाघद्भिर्विह्वयामहे॥\nūrdhva ū ṣu ṇa ūtaye tiṣṭhā devo na savitā."
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "rising or tending upwards, raised, elevated, erected, erect, upright, high, above"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "rising",
          "rising"
        ],
        [
          "tending",
          "tending"
        ],
        [
          "upwards",
          "upwards"
        ],
        [
          "raised",
          "raised"
        ],
        [
          "elevated",
          "elevated"
        ],
        [
          "erected",
          "erected"
        ],
        [
          "erect",
          "erect"
        ],
        [
          "upright",
          "upright"
        ],
        [
          "high",
          "high"
        ],
        [
          "above",
          "above"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/uːɾdʱ.ʋɐ́/",
      "tags": [
        "Vedic"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈuːɾd̪ʱ.ʋɐ/",
      "tags": [
        "Classical"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "synonyms": [
    {
      "tags": [
        "Assamese",
        "character"
      ],
      "word": "ঊৰ্ধ্ব"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Balinese",
        "character"
      ],
      "word": "ᬊᬃᬥ᭄ᬯ"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Bengali"
      ],
      "word": "ঊর্ধ্ব"
    },
    {
      "sense": "Bhaiksuki script",
      "word": "𑰅𑰨𑰿𑰠𑰿𑰪"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Brahmi",
        "character"
      ],
      "word": "𑀊𑀭𑁆𑀥𑁆𑀯"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Burmese",
        "character"
      ],
      "word": "ဦရ်္ဓွ"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Gujarati",
        "character"
      ],
      "word": "ઊર્ધ્વ"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Gurmukhi",
        "character"
      ],
      "word": "ਊਰੑਧੑਵ"
    },
    {
      "sense": "Grantha script",
      "word": "𑌊𑌰𑍍𑌧𑍍𑌵"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Javanese",
        "character"
      ],
      "word": "ꦈꦴꦂꦣ꧀ꦮ"
    },
    {
      "sense": "Kaithi script",
      "word": "𑂈𑂩𑂹𑂡𑂹𑂫"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Kannada",
        "character"
      ],
      "word": "ಊರ್ಧ್ವ"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Khmer",
        "character"
      ],
      "word": "ឩធ៌្វ"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Lao",
        "character"
      ],
      "word": "ອູຣ຺ຘ຺ວ"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Malayalam",
        "character"
      ],
      "word": "ഊര്ധ്വ"
    },
    {
      "sense": "Manchu script",
      "word": "ᡠᡠᡵᢡᠣᠸᠠ"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Modi",
        "character"
      ],
      "word": "𑘅𑘨𑘿𑘠𑘿𑘪"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mongolian"
      ],
      "word": "ᠤᠤᠷᢑᠾᢦ"
    },
    {
      "sense": "Nandinagari script",
      "word": "𑦥𑧈𑧠𑧀𑧠𑧊"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Newa",
        "character"
      ],
      "word": "𑐅𑐬𑑂𑐢𑑂𑐰"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Odia",
        "character"
      ],
      "word": "ଊର୍ଧ୍ଵ"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Saurashtra",
        "character"
      ],
      "word": "ꢇꢬ꣄ꢤ꣄ꢮ"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Sharada",
        "character"
      ],
      "word": "𑆈𑆫𑇀𑆣𑇀𑆮"
    },
    {
      "sense": "Siddham script",
      "word": "𑖅𑖨𑖿𑖠𑖿𑖪"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Sinhalese",
        "character"
      ],
      "word": "ඌර්ධ්ව"
    },
    {
      "qualifier": "Soyombo script",
      "sense": "Soyombo script",
      "word": "𑩐"
    },
    {
      "qualifier": "Soyombo script",
      "sense": "Soyombo script",
      "word": "𑩒"
    },
    {
      "qualifier": "Soyombo script",
      "sense": "Soyombo script",
      "word": "𑩛"
    },
    {
      "qualifier": "Soyombo script",
      "sense": "Soyombo script",
      "word": "𑩼"
    },
    {
      "qualifier": "Soyombo script",
      "sense": "Soyombo script",
      "word": "𑪙"
    },
    {
      "qualifier": "Soyombo script",
      "sense": "Soyombo script",
      "word": "𑩮"
    },
    {
      "qualifier": "Soyombo script",
      "sense": "Soyombo script",
      "word": "𑩾"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Takri",
        "character"
      ],
      "word": "𑚅𑚤𑚶𑚜𑚶𑚦"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Tamil",
        "character"
      ],
      "word": "ஊர்த்⁴வ"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Telugu",
        "character"
      ],
      "word": "ఊర్ధ్వ"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Thai",
        "character"
      ],
      "word": "อูรฺธฺว"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Tibetan",
        "character"
      ],
      "word": "ཨཱུ་རྡྷྭ"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Tirhuta",
        "character"
      ],
      "word": "𑒆𑒩𑓂𑒡𑓂𑒫"
    },
    {
      "sense": "Zanabazar Square script",
      "word": "𑨀𑨃𑨊𑨫𑩇𑨜𑩇𑨭"
    }
  ],
  "word": "ऊर्ध्व"
}

{
  "categories": [
    "Sanskrit a-stem nouns",
    "Sanskrit adjectives",
    "Sanskrit adjectives in Devanagari script",
    "Sanskrit entries with incorrect language header",
    "Sanskrit lemmas",
    "Sanskrit neuter nouns",
    "Sanskrit nouns",
    "Sanskrit nouns in Devanagari script",
    "Sanskrit prepositions",
    "Sanskrit terms derived from Proto-Indo-Aryan",
    "Sanskrit terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
    "Sanskrit terms derived from Proto-Indo-Iranian",
    "Sanskrit terms inherited from Proto-Indo-Aryan",
    "Sanskrit terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European",
    "Sanskrit terms inherited from Proto-Indo-Iranian",
    "Sanskrit terms with IPA pronunciation",
    "Sanskrit terms with non-redundant manual transliterations"
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sa",
        "2": "inc-pro",
        "inh": "1"
      },
      "expansion": "",
      "name": "dercat"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sa",
        "2": "iir-pro",
        "3": "*r̥Hdʰwás",
        "4": "",
        "5": "high, upright"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-Iranian *r̥Hdʰwás (“high, upright”)",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sa",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*h₃erdʰ-",
        "4": "*h₃r̥dʰ-wó-s",
        "t": "high, upright"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *h₃r̥dʰ-wó-s (“high, upright”)",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ae",
        "2": "𐬆𐬭𐬆𐬜𐬡𐬀"
      },
      "expansion": "Avestan 𐬆𐬭𐬆𐬜𐬡𐬀 (ər^əδβa)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "grc",
        "2": "ὀρθός"
      },
      "expansion": "Ancient Greek ὀρθός (orthós)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "arduus"
      },
      "expansion": "Latin arduus",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "non",
        "2": "ǫrðugr",
        "t": "steep"
      },
      "expansion": "Old Norse ǫrðugr (“steep”)",
      "name": "cog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Proto-Indo-Iranian *r̥Hdʰwás (“high, upright”), from Proto-Indo-European *h₃r̥dʰ-wó-s (“high, upright”). Cognate with Avestan 𐬆𐬭𐬆𐬜𐬡𐬀 (ər^əδβa), Ancient Greek ὀρθός (orthós), Latin arduus, Old Norse ǫrðugr (“steep”).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "ūrdhvá",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sa-decl-noun-n",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "a-stem",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "class"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ऊर्ध्वम्",
      "roman": "ūrdhvám",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ऊर्ध्वे",
      "roman": "ūrdhvé",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "nominative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ऊर्ध्वानि",
      "roman": "ūrdhvā́ni",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ऊर्ध्वा1",
      "roman": "ūrdhvā́1",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ऊर्ध्व",
      "roman": "ū́rdhva",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "singular",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ऊर्ध्वे",
      "roman": "ū́rdhve",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ऊर्ध्वानि",
      "roman": "ū́rdhvāni",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ऊर्ध्वा1",
      "roman": "ū́rdhvā1",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ऊर्ध्वम्",
      "roman": "ūrdhvám",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ऊर्ध्वे",
      "roman": "ūrdhvé",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "dual"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ऊर्ध्वानि",
      "roman": "ūrdhvā́ni",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ऊर्ध्वा1",
      "roman": "ūrdhvā́1",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ऊर्ध्वेन",
      "roman": "ūrdhvéna",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ऊर्ध्वाभ्याम्",
      "roman": "ūrdhvā́bhyām",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "instrumental"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ऊर्ध्वैः",
      "roman": "ūrdhvaíḥ",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ऊर्ध्वेभिः1",
      "roman": "ūrdhvébhiḥ1",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ऊर्ध्वाय",
      "roman": "ūrdhvā́ya",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ऊर्ध्वाभ्याम्",
      "roman": "ūrdhvā́bhyām",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "dual"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ऊर्ध्वेभ्यः",
      "roman": "ūrdhvébhyaḥ",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ऊर्ध्वात्",
      "roman": "ūrdhvā́t",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "ablative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ऊर्ध्वाभ्याम्",
      "roman": "ūrdhvā́bhyām",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "ablative",
        "dual"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ऊर्ध्वेभ्यः",
      "roman": "ūrdhvébhyaḥ",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "ablative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ऊर्ध्वस्य",
      "roman": "ūrdhvásya",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ऊर्ध्वयोः",
      "roman": "ūrdhváyoḥ",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "genitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ऊर्ध्वानाम्",
      "roman": "ūrdhvā́nām",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ऊर्ध्वे",
      "roman": "ūrdhvé",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "locative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ऊर्ध्वयोः",
      "roman": "ūrdhváyoḥ",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "locative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ऊर्ध्वेषु",
      "roman": "ūrdhvéṣu",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "locative",
        "plural"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "g": "n",
        "tr": "ūrdhvá"
      },
      "expansion": "ऊर्ध्व • (ūrdhvá) stem, n",
      "name": "sa-noun"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ūrdhvá"
      },
      "name": "sa-decl-noun-n"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Sanskrit",
  "lang_code": "sa",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "height, elevation"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "height",
          "height"
        ],
        [
          "elevation",
          "elevation"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "Sanskrit terms with usage examples"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "text": "ऊर्ध्वं-गच्छति ― √gam ― to go upwards or into heaven, die",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "anything placed above or higher (+ ablative)"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/uːɾdʱ.ʋɐ́/",
      "tags": [
        "Vedic"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈuːɾd̪ʱ.ʋɐ/",
      "tags": [
        "Classical"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "synonyms": [
    {
      "tags": [
        "Assamese",
        "character"
      ],
      "word": "ঊৰ্ধ্ব"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Balinese",
        "character"
      ],
      "word": "ᬊᬃᬥ᭄ᬯ"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Bengali"
      ],
      "word": "ঊর্ধ্ব"
    },
    {
      "sense": "Bhaiksuki script",
      "word": "𑰅𑰨𑰿𑰠𑰿𑰪"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Brahmi",
        "character"
      ],
      "word": "𑀊𑀭𑁆𑀥𑁆𑀯"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Burmese",
        "character"
      ],
      "word": "ဦရ်္ဓွ"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Gujarati",
        "character"
      ],
      "word": "ઊર્ધ્વ"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Gurmukhi",
        "character"
      ],
      "word": "ਊਰੑਧੑਵ"
    },
    {
      "sense": "Grantha script",
      "word": "𑌊𑌰𑍍𑌧𑍍𑌵"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Javanese",
        "character"
      ],
      "word": "ꦈꦴꦂꦣ꧀ꦮ"
    },
    {
      "sense": "Kaithi script",
      "word": "𑂈𑂩𑂹𑂡𑂹𑂫"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Kannada",
        "character"
      ],
      "word": "ಊರ್ಧ್ವ"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Khmer",
        "character"
      ],
      "word": "ឩធ៌្វ"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Lao",
        "character"
      ],
      "word": "ອູຣ຺ຘ຺ວ"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Malayalam",
        "character"
      ],
      "word": "ഊര്ധ്വ"
    },
    {
      "sense": "Manchu script",
      "word": "ᡠᡠᡵᢡᠣᠸᠠ"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Modi",
        "character"
      ],
      "word": "𑘅𑘨𑘿𑘠𑘿𑘪"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mongolian"
      ],
      "word": "ᠤᠤᠷᢑᠾᢦ"
    },
    {
      "sense": "Nandinagari script",
      "word": "𑦥𑧈𑧠𑧀𑧠𑧊"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Newa",
        "character"
      ],
      "word": "𑐅𑐬𑑂𑐢𑑂𑐰"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Odia",
        "character"
      ],
      "word": "ଊର୍ଧ୍ଵ"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Saurashtra",
        "character"
      ],
      "word": "ꢇꢬ꣄ꢤ꣄ꢮ"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Sharada",
        "character"
      ],
      "word": "𑆈𑆫𑇀𑆣𑇀𑆮"
    },
    {
      "sense": "Siddham script",
      "word": "𑖅𑖨𑖿𑖠𑖿𑖪"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Sinhalese",
        "character"
      ],
      "word": "ඌර්ධ්ව"
    },
    {
      "qualifier": "Soyombo script",
      "sense": "Soyombo script",
      "word": "𑩐"
    },
    {
      "qualifier": "Soyombo script",
      "sense": "Soyombo script",
      "word": "𑩒"
    },
    {
      "qualifier": "Soyombo script",
      "sense": "Soyombo script",
      "word": "𑩛"
    },
    {
      "qualifier": "Soyombo script",
      "sense": "Soyombo script",
      "word": "𑩼"
    },
    {
      "qualifier": "Soyombo script",
      "sense": "Soyombo script",
      "word": "𑪙"
    },
    {
      "qualifier": "Soyombo script",
      "sense": "Soyombo script",
      "word": "𑩮"
    },
    {
      "qualifier": "Soyombo script",
      "sense": "Soyombo script",
      "word": "𑩾"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Takri",
        "character"
      ],
      "word": "𑚅𑚤𑚶𑚜𑚶𑚦"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Tamil",
        "character"
      ],
      "word": "ஊர்த்⁴வ"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Telugu",
        "character"
      ],
      "word": "ఊర్ధ్వ"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Thai",
        "character"
      ],
      "word": "อูรฺธฺว"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Tibetan",
        "character"
      ],
      "word": "ཨཱུ་རྡྷྭ"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Tirhuta",
        "character"
      ],
      "word": "𑒆𑒩𑓂𑒡𑓂𑒫"
    },
    {
      "sense": "Zanabazar Square script",
      "word": "𑨀𑨃𑨊𑨫𑩇𑨜𑩇𑨭"
    }
  ],
  "word": "ऊर्ध्व"
}

{
  "categories": [
    "Sanskrit a-stem nouns",
    "Sanskrit adjectives",
    "Sanskrit adjectives in Devanagari script",
    "Sanskrit entries with incorrect language header",
    "Sanskrit lemmas",
    "Sanskrit neuter nouns",
    "Sanskrit nouns",
    "Sanskrit nouns in Devanagari script",
    "Sanskrit prepositions",
    "Sanskrit terms derived from Proto-Indo-Aryan",
    "Sanskrit terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
    "Sanskrit terms derived from Proto-Indo-Iranian",
    "Sanskrit terms inherited from Proto-Indo-Aryan",
    "Sanskrit terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European",
    "Sanskrit terms inherited from Proto-Indo-Iranian",
    "Sanskrit terms with IPA pronunciation",
    "Sanskrit terms with non-redundant manual transliterations"
  ],
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "pi",
            "2": "uddha",
            "3": "ubbha"
          },
          "expansion": "Pali: uddha, ubbha",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Pali: uddha, ubbha"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "phl",
            "2": "-"
          },
          "expansion": "Phalura:",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Phalura:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "phl",
            "2": "huṇḍ",
            "sclb": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "Latin script: huṇḍ",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Latin script: huṇḍ"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "phl",
            "2": "ہُنڈ",
            "sclb": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "Arabic script: ہُنڈ",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Arabic script: ہُنڈ"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "inc-pra",
            "2": "𑀉𑀟𑁆𑀠",
            "3": "𑀉𑀤𑁆𑀥",
            "4": "𑀉𑀩𑁆𑀪"
          },
          "expansion": "Prakrit: 𑀉𑀟𑁆𑀠 (uḍḍha), 𑀉𑀤𑁆𑀥 (uddha), 𑀉𑀩𑁆𑀪 (ubbha)",
          "name": "desc"
        },
        {
          "args": {},
          "expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
          "name": "see desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Prakrit: 𑀉𑀟𑁆𑀠 (uḍḍha), 𑀉𑀤𑁆𑀥 (uddha), 𑀉𑀩𑁆𑀪 (ubbha) (see there for further descendants)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "iru",
            "2": "உத்த்ய"
          },
          "expansion": "Irula: உத்த்ய (uttya)",
          "name": "descendant"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Irula: உத்த்ய (uttya)"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sa",
        "2": "inc-pro",
        "inh": "1"
      },
      "expansion": "",
      "name": "dercat"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sa",
        "2": "iir-pro",
        "3": "*r̥Hdʰwás",
        "4": "",
        "5": "high, upright"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-Iranian *r̥Hdʰwás (“high, upright”)",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sa",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*h₃erdʰ-",
        "4": "*h₃r̥dʰ-wó-s",
        "t": "high, upright"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *h₃r̥dʰ-wó-s (“high, upright”)",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ae",
        "2": "𐬆𐬭𐬆𐬜𐬡𐬀"
      },
      "expansion": "Avestan 𐬆𐬭𐬆𐬜𐬡𐬀 (ər^əδβa)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "grc",
        "2": "ὀρθός"
      },
      "expansion": "Ancient Greek ὀρθός (orthós)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "arduus"
      },
      "expansion": "Latin arduus",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "non",
        "2": "ǫrðugr",
        "t": "steep"
      },
      "expansion": "Old Norse ǫrðugr (“steep”)",
      "name": "cog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Proto-Indo-Iranian *r̥Hdʰwás (“high, upright”), from Proto-Indo-European *h₃r̥dʰ-wó-s (“high, upright”). Cognate with Avestan 𐬆𐬭𐬆𐬜𐬡𐬀 (ər^əδβa), Ancient Greek ὀρθός (orthós), Latin arduus, Old Norse ǫrðugr (“steep”).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "ūrdhvá",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sa",
        "2": "preposition",
        "tr": "ūrdhvá"
      },
      "expansion": "ऊर्ध्व • (ūrdhvá)",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Sanskrit",
  "lang_code": "sa",
  "pos": "prep",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "Sanskrit terms with usage examples"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "hence forward, from that time forward, after that passage, hereafter",
          "text": "अत ऊर्ध्वम् (ata ūrdhvam), or इत ऊर्ध्वम् (ita ūrdhvam)"
        },
        {
          "english": "after a year",
          "roman": "ūrdhvaṃ saṃvatsarāt",
          "text": "ऊर्ध्वं संवत्सरात्",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "english": "after life, after death",
          "roman": "ūrdhvaṃ dehāt",
          "text": "ऊर्ध्वं देहात्",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "in the sequel, in the later part (e.g. of a book or manuscript; because in Sanskrit manuscripts the later leaves stand above), subsequent, after (with ablative)"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "subsequent",
          "subsequent"
        ],
        [
          "after",
          "after"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "Sanskrit terms with usage examples"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "after the father's death",
          "roman": "ūrdhvaṃ pituḥ",
          "text": "ऊर्ध्वं पितुः",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "after, after the death of (+ ablative)"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "after",
          "after"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "in a high tone, aloud"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "aloud",
          "aloud"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/uːɾdʱ.ʋɐ́/",
      "tags": [
        "Vedic"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈuːɾd̪ʱ.ʋɐ/",
      "tags": [
        "Classical"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "synonyms": [
    {
      "tags": [
        "Assamese",
        "character"
      ],
      "word": "ঊৰ্ধ্ব"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Balinese",
        "character"
      ],
      "word": "ᬊᬃᬥ᭄ᬯ"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Bengali"
      ],
      "word": "ঊর্ধ্ব"
    },
    {
      "sense": "Bhaiksuki script",
      "word": "𑰅𑰨𑰿𑰠𑰿𑰪"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Brahmi",
        "character"
      ],
      "word": "𑀊𑀭𑁆𑀥𑁆𑀯"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Burmese",
        "character"
      ],
      "word": "ဦရ်္ဓွ"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Gujarati",
        "character"
      ],
      "word": "ઊર્ધ્વ"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Gurmukhi",
        "character"
      ],
      "word": "ਊਰੑਧੑਵ"
    },
    {
      "sense": "Grantha script",
      "word": "𑌊𑌰𑍍𑌧𑍍𑌵"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Javanese",
        "character"
      ],
      "word": "ꦈꦴꦂꦣ꧀ꦮ"
    },
    {
      "sense": "Kaithi script",
      "word": "𑂈𑂩𑂹𑂡𑂹𑂫"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Kannada",
        "character"
      ],
      "word": "ಊರ್ಧ್ವ"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Khmer",
        "character"
      ],
      "word": "ឩធ៌្វ"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Lao",
        "character"
      ],
      "word": "ອູຣ຺ຘ຺ວ"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Malayalam",
        "character"
      ],
      "word": "ഊര്ധ്വ"
    },
    {
      "sense": "Manchu script",
      "word": "ᡠᡠᡵᢡᠣᠸᠠ"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Modi",
        "character"
      ],
      "word": "𑘅𑘨𑘿𑘠𑘿𑘪"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mongolian"
      ],
      "word": "ᠤᠤᠷᢑᠾᢦ"
    },
    {
      "sense": "Nandinagari script",
      "word": "𑦥𑧈𑧠𑧀𑧠𑧊"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Newa",
        "character"
      ],
      "word": "𑐅𑐬𑑂𑐢𑑂𑐰"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Odia",
        "character"
      ],
      "word": "ଊର୍ଧ୍ଵ"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Saurashtra",
        "character"
      ],
      "word": "ꢇꢬ꣄ꢤ꣄ꢮ"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Sharada",
        "character"
      ],
      "word": "𑆈𑆫𑇀𑆣𑇀𑆮"
    },
    {
      "sense": "Siddham script",
      "word": "𑖅𑖨𑖿𑖠𑖿𑖪"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Sinhalese",
        "character"
      ],
      "word": "ඌර්ධ්ව"
    },
    {
      "qualifier": "Soyombo script",
      "sense": "Soyombo script",
      "word": "𑩐"
    },
    {
      "qualifier": "Soyombo script",
      "sense": "Soyombo script",
      "word": "𑩒"
    },
    {
      "qualifier": "Soyombo script",
      "sense": "Soyombo script",
      "word": "𑩛"
    },
    {
      "qualifier": "Soyombo script",
      "sense": "Soyombo script",
      "word": "𑩼"
    },
    {
      "qualifier": "Soyombo script",
      "sense": "Soyombo script",
      "word": "𑪙"
    },
    {
      "qualifier": "Soyombo script",
      "sense": "Soyombo script",
      "word": "𑩮"
    },
    {
      "qualifier": "Soyombo script",
      "sense": "Soyombo script",
      "word": "𑩾"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Takri",
        "character"
      ],
      "word": "𑚅𑚤𑚶𑚜𑚶𑚦"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Tamil",
        "character"
      ],
      "word": "ஊர்த்⁴வ"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Telugu",
        "character"
      ],
      "word": "ఊర్ధ్వ"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Thai",
        "character"
      ],
      "word": "อูรฺธฺว"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Tibetan",
        "character"
      ],
      "word": "ཨཱུ་རྡྷྭ"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Tirhuta",
        "character"
      ],
      "word": "𑒆𑒩𑓂𑒡𑓂𑒫"
    },
    {
      "sense": "Zanabazar Square script",
      "word": "𑨀𑨃𑨊𑨫𑩇𑨜𑩇𑨭"
    }
  ],
  "word": "ऊर्ध्व"
}

This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Sanskrit dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-05-01 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-04-21 using wiktextract (f4fd8c9 and c9440ce). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.