See foe in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sm",
"2": "poz-pol-pro",
"3": "*fohe"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Polynesian *fohe",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "mi",
"2": "hoe"
},
"expansion": "Maori hoe",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "to",
"2": "fohe"
},
"expansion": "Tongan fohe",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fj",
"2": "voce"
},
"expansion": "Fijian voce",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sm",
"2": "poz-oce-pro",
"3": "*pose"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Oceanic *pose",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sm",
"2": "pqe-pro",
"3": "*boʀse"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Eastern Malayo-Polynesian *boʀse",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sm",
"2": "poz-pro",
"3": "*bəʀsay",
"4": "",
"5": "canoe paddle"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *bəʀsay (“canoe paddle”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "slm",
"2": "busay"
},
"expansion": "Pangutaran Sama busay",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "kzi",
"2": "besai"
},
"expansion": "Kelabit besai",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "dtp",
"2": "bosi"
},
"expansion": "Central Dusun bosi",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ceb",
"2": "bugsáy"
},
"expansion": "Cebuano bugsáy",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Polynesian *fohe (compare with Maori hoe, Tongan fohe), from Proto-Central Pacific *voce (compare with Fijian voce), from Proto-Oceanic *pose, from Proto-Eastern Malayo-Polynesian *boʀse, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *bəʀsay (“canoe paddle”) (compare with Pangutaran Sama busay, Kelabit besai, Central Dusun bosi, Cebuano bugsáy).",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sm",
"2": "noun"
},
"expansion": "foe",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Samoan",
"lang_code": "sm",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "96 4",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Samoan entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"oar"
],
"id": "en-foe-sm-noun-IeX4mml1",
"links": [
[
"oar",
"oar"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"paddle"
],
"id": "en-foe-sm-noun-oq~uxJpK",
"links": [
[
"paddle",
"paddle"
]
]
}
],
"word": "foe"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 7 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Samoan entries with incorrect language header",
"Samoan lemmas",
"Samoan nouns",
"Samoan terms derived from Proto-Eastern Malayo-Polynesian",
"Samoan terms derived from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian",
"Samoan terms derived from Proto-Oceanic",
"Samoan terms derived from Proto-Polynesian",
"Samoan terms inherited from Proto-Eastern Malayo-Polynesian",
"Samoan terms inherited from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian",
"Samoan terms inherited from Proto-Oceanic",
"Samoan terms inherited from Proto-Polynesian"
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sm",
"2": "poz-pol-pro",
"3": "*fohe"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Polynesian *fohe",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "mi",
"2": "hoe"
},
"expansion": "Maori hoe",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "to",
"2": "fohe"
},
"expansion": "Tongan fohe",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fj",
"2": "voce"
},
"expansion": "Fijian voce",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sm",
"2": "poz-oce-pro",
"3": "*pose"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Oceanic *pose",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sm",
"2": "pqe-pro",
"3": "*boʀse"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Eastern Malayo-Polynesian *boʀse",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sm",
"2": "poz-pro",
"3": "*bəʀsay",
"4": "",
"5": "canoe paddle"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *bəʀsay (“canoe paddle”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "slm",
"2": "busay"
},
"expansion": "Pangutaran Sama busay",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "kzi",
"2": "besai"
},
"expansion": "Kelabit besai",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "dtp",
"2": "bosi"
},
"expansion": "Central Dusun bosi",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ceb",
"2": "bugsáy"
},
"expansion": "Cebuano bugsáy",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Polynesian *fohe (compare with Maori hoe, Tongan fohe), from Proto-Central Pacific *voce (compare with Fijian voce), from Proto-Oceanic *pose, from Proto-Eastern Malayo-Polynesian *boʀse, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *bəʀsay (“canoe paddle”) (compare with Pangutaran Sama busay, Kelabit besai, Central Dusun bosi, Cebuano bugsáy).",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sm",
"2": "noun"
},
"expansion": "foe",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Samoan",
"lang_code": "sm",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"oar"
],
"links": [
[
"oar",
"oar"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"paddle"
],
"links": [
[
"paddle",
"paddle"
]
]
}
],
"word": "foe"
}
Download raw JSONL data for foe meaning in Samoan (2.3kB)
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"path": [
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"#invoke",
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"section": "Samoan",
"subsection": "",
"title": "foe",
"trace": "<!DOCTYPE html>\n<html lang=\"en\">\n<meta charset=\"utf-8\">\n<title>Wikimedia Error</title>\n<style>\n* { margin: 0; padding: 0; }\nbody { background: #fff; font: 15px/1.6 sans-serif; color: #333; }\n.content { margin: 7% auto 0; padding: 2em 1em 1em; max-width: 640px; display: flex; flex-direction: row; flex-wrap: wrap; }\n.footer { clear: both; margin-top: 14%; border-top: 1px solid #e5e5e5; background: #f9f9f9; padding: 2em 0; font-size: 0.8em; text-align: center; }\nimg { margin: 0 2em 2em 0; }\na img { border: 0; }\nh1 { margin-top: 1em; font-size: 1.2em; }\n.content-text { flex: 1; }\np { margin: 0.7em 0 1em 0; }\na { color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none; }\na:hover { text-decoration: underline; }\ncode { font-family: sans-serif; }\nsummary { font-weight: bold; cursor: pointer; }\ndetails[open] { background: #970302; color: #dfdedd; }\n.text-muted { color: #777; }\n@media (prefers-color-scheme: dark) {\n a { color: #9e9eff; }\n body { background: transparent; color: #ddd; }\n .footer { border-top: 1px solid #444; background: #060606; }\n #logo { filter: invert(1) hue-rotate(180deg); }\n .text-muted { color: #888; }\n}\n</style>\n<meta name=\"color-scheme\" content=\"light dark\">\n<div class=\"content\" role=\"main\">\n<a href=\"https://www.wikimedia.org\"><img id=\"logo\" src=\"https://www.wikimedia.org/static/images/wmf-logo.png\" srcset=\"https://www.wikimedia.org/static/images/wmf-logo-2x.png 2x\" alt=\"Wikimedia\" width=\"135\" height=\"101\">\n</a>\n<div class=\"content-text\">\n<h1>Error</h1>\n\n<p>Your bot is making too many requests. Please reduce your request rate or contact bot-traffic@wikimedia.org (f263c81)</p>\n</div>\n</div>\n<div class=\"footer\"><p>If you report this error to the Wikimedia System Administrators, please include the details below.</p><p class=\"text-muted\"><code>Request served via cp3073 cp3073, Varnish XID 436604577<br>Upstream caches: cp3073 int<br>Error: 429, Your bot is making too many requests. Please reduce your request rate or contact bot-traffic@wikimedia.org (f263c81) at Fri, 30 Jan 2026 10:39:37 GMT<br><details><summary>Sensitive client information</summary>IP address: 91.207.79.37</details></code></p>\n</div>\n</html>\n"
}
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}
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"title": "foe",
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}
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"subsection": "",
"title": "foe",
"trace": "<!DOCTYPE html>\n<html lang=\"en\">\n<meta charset=\"utf-8\">\n<title>Wikimedia Error</title>\n<style>\n* { margin: 0; padding: 0; }\nbody { background: #fff; font: 15px/1.6 sans-serif; color: #333; }\n.content { margin: 7% auto 0; padding: 2em 1em 1em; max-width: 640px; display: flex; flex-direction: row; flex-wrap: wrap; }\n.footer { clear: both; margin-top: 14%; border-top: 1px solid #e5e5e5; background: #f9f9f9; padding: 2em 0; font-size: 0.8em; text-align: center; }\nimg { margin: 0 2em 2em 0; }\na img { border: 0; }\nh1 { margin-top: 1em; font-size: 1.2em; }\n.content-text { flex: 1; }\np { margin: 0.7em 0 1em 0; }\na { color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none; }\na:hover { text-decoration: underline; }\ncode { font-family: sans-serif; }\nsummary { font-weight: bold; cursor: pointer; }\ndetails[open] { background: #970302; color: #dfdedd; }\n.text-muted { color: #777; }\n@media (prefers-color-scheme: dark) {\n a { color: #9e9eff; }\n body { background: transparent; color: #ddd; }\n .footer { border-top: 1px solid #444; background: #060606; }\n #logo { filter: invert(1) hue-rotate(180deg); }\n .text-muted { color: #888; }\n}\n</style>\n<meta name=\"color-scheme\" content=\"light dark\">\n<div class=\"content\" role=\"main\">\n<a href=\"https://www.wikimedia.org\"><img id=\"logo\" src=\"https://www.wikimedia.org/static/images/wmf-logo.png\" srcset=\"https://www.wikimedia.org/static/images/wmf-logo-2x.png 2x\" alt=\"Wikimedia\" width=\"135\" height=\"101\">\n</a>\n<div class=\"content-text\">\n<h1>Error</h1>\n\n<p>Your bot is making too many requests. Please reduce your request rate or contact bot-traffic@wikimedia.org (f263c81)</p>\n</div>\n</div>\n<div class=\"footer\"><p>If you report this error to the Wikimedia System Administrators, please include the details below.</p><p class=\"text-muted\"><code>Request served via cp3073 cp3073, Varnish XID 420631906<br>Upstream caches: cp3073 int<br>Error: 429, Your bot is making too many requests. Please reduce your request rate or contact bot-traffic@wikimedia.org (f263c81) at Fri, 30 Jan 2026 10:45:08 GMT<br><details><summary>Sensitive client information</summary>IP address: 91.207.79.37</details></code></p>\n</div>\n</html>\n"
}
{
"called_from": "query_wikidata_json",
"msg": "WIKIDATA QUERY failed",
"path": [
"foe",
"Template:cog",
"#invoke",
"#invoke",
"Lua:Module:etymology/templates:cognate()"
],
"section": "Samoan",
"subsection": "",
"title": "foe",
"trace": "<!DOCTYPE html>\n<html lang=\"en\">\n<meta charset=\"utf-8\">\n<title>Wikimedia Error</title>\n<style>\n* { margin: 0; padding: 0; }\nbody { background: #fff; font: 15px/1.6 sans-serif; color: #333; }\n.content { margin: 7% auto 0; padding: 2em 1em 1em; max-width: 640px; display: flex; flex-direction: row; flex-wrap: wrap; }\n.footer { clear: both; margin-top: 14%; border-top: 1px solid #e5e5e5; background: #f9f9f9; padding: 2em 0; font-size: 0.8em; text-align: center; }\nimg { margin: 0 2em 2em 0; }\na img { border: 0; }\nh1 { margin-top: 1em; font-size: 1.2em; }\n.content-text { flex: 1; }\np { margin: 0.7em 0 1em 0; }\na { color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none; }\na:hover { text-decoration: underline; }\ncode { font-family: sans-serif; }\nsummary { font-weight: bold; cursor: pointer; }\ndetails[open] { background: #970302; color: #dfdedd; }\n.text-muted { color: #777; }\n@media (prefers-color-scheme: dark) {\n a { color: #9e9eff; }\n body { background: transparent; color: #ddd; }\n .footer { border-top: 1px solid #444; background: #060606; }\n #logo { filter: invert(1) hue-rotate(180deg); }\n .text-muted { color: #888; }\n}\n</style>\n<meta name=\"color-scheme\" content=\"light dark\">\n<div class=\"content\" role=\"main\">\n<a href=\"https://www.wikimedia.org\"><img id=\"logo\" src=\"https://www.wikimedia.org/static/images/wmf-logo.png\" srcset=\"https://www.wikimedia.org/static/images/wmf-logo-2x.png 2x\" alt=\"Wikimedia\" width=\"135\" height=\"101\">\n</a>\n<div class=\"content-text\">\n<h1>Error</h1>\n\n<p>Your bot is making too many requests. Please reduce your request rate or contact bot-traffic@wikimedia.org (f263c81)</p>\n</div>\n</div>\n<div class=\"footer\"><p>If you report this error to the Wikimedia System Administrators, please include the details below.</p><p class=\"text-muted\"><code>Request served via cp3073 cp3073, Varnish XID 418232130<br>Upstream caches: cp3073 int<br>Error: 429, Your bot is making too many requests. Please reduce your request rate or contact bot-traffic@wikimedia.org (f263c81) at Fri, 30 Jan 2026 10:46:03 GMT<br><details><summary>Sensitive client information</summary>IP address: 91.207.79.37</details></code></p>\n</div>\n</html>\n"
}
{
"called_from": "query_wikidata_json",
"msg": "WIKIDATA QUERY failed",
"path": [
"foe",
"Template:cog",
"#invoke",
"#invoke",
"Lua:Module:etymology/templates:cognate()"
],
"section": "Samoan",
"subsection": "",
"title": "foe",
"trace": "<!DOCTYPE html>\n<html lang=\"en\">\n<meta charset=\"utf-8\">\n<title>Wikimedia Error</title>\n<style>\n* { margin: 0; padding: 0; }\nbody { background: #fff; font: 15px/1.6 sans-serif; color: #333; }\n.content { margin: 7% auto 0; padding: 2em 1em 1em; max-width: 640px; display: flex; flex-direction: row; flex-wrap: wrap; }\n.footer { clear: both; margin-top: 14%; border-top: 1px solid #e5e5e5; background: #f9f9f9; padding: 2em 0; font-size: 0.8em; text-align: center; }\nimg { margin: 0 2em 2em 0; }\na img { border: 0; }\nh1 { margin-top: 1em; font-size: 1.2em; }\n.content-text { flex: 1; }\np { margin: 0.7em 0 1em 0; }\na { color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none; }\na:hover { text-decoration: underline; }\ncode { font-family: sans-serif; }\nsummary { font-weight: bold; cursor: pointer; }\ndetails[open] { background: #970302; color: #dfdedd; }\n.text-muted { color: #777; }\n@media (prefers-color-scheme: dark) {\n a { color: #9e9eff; }\n body { background: transparent; color: #ddd; }\n .footer { border-top: 1px solid #444; background: #060606; }\n #logo { filter: invert(1) hue-rotate(180deg); }\n .text-muted { color: #888; }\n}\n</style>\n<meta name=\"color-scheme\" content=\"light dark\">\n<div class=\"content\" role=\"main\">\n<a href=\"https://www.wikimedia.org\"><img id=\"logo\" src=\"https://www.wikimedia.org/static/images/wmf-logo.png\" srcset=\"https://www.wikimedia.org/static/images/wmf-logo-2x.png 2x\" alt=\"Wikimedia\" width=\"135\" height=\"101\">\n</a>\n<div class=\"content-text\">\n<h1>Error</h1>\n\n<p>Your bot is making too many requests. Please reduce your request rate or contact bot-traffic@wikimedia.org (f263c81)</p>\n</div>\n</div>\n<div class=\"footer\"><p>If you report this error to the Wikimedia System Administrators, please include the details below.</p><p class=\"text-muted\"><code>Request served via cp3073 cp3073, Varnish XID 420570494<br>Upstream caches: cp3073 int<br>Error: 429, Your bot is making too many requests. Please reduce your request rate or contact bot-traffic@wikimedia.org (f263c81) at Fri, 30 Jan 2026 10:46:58 GMT<br><details><summary>Sensitive client information</summary>IP address: 91.207.79.37</details></code></p>\n</div>\n</html>\n"
}
{
"called_from": "query_wikidata_json",
"msg": "WIKIDATA QUERY failed",
"path": [
"foe",
"Template:cog",
"#invoke",
"#invoke",
"Lua:Module:etymology/templates:cognate()"
],
"section": "Samoan",
"subsection": "",
"title": "foe",
"trace": "<!DOCTYPE html>\n<html lang=\"en\">\n<meta charset=\"utf-8\">\n<title>Wikimedia Error</title>\n<style>\n* { margin: 0; padding: 0; }\nbody { background: #fff; font: 15px/1.6 sans-serif; color: #333; }\n.content { margin: 7% auto 0; padding: 2em 1em 1em; max-width: 640px; display: flex; flex-direction: row; flex-wrap: wrap; }\n.footer { clear: both; margin-top: 14%; border-top: 1px solid #e5e5e5; background: #f9f9f9; padding: 2em 0; font-size: 0.8em; text-align: center; }\nimg { margin: 0 2em 2em 0; }\na img { border: 0; }\nh1 { margin-top: 1em; font-size: 1.2em; }\n.content-text { flex: 1; }\np { margin: 0.7em 0 1em 0; }\na { color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none; }\na:hover { text-decoration: underline; }\ncode { font-family: sans-serif; }\nsummary { font-weight: bold; cursor: pointer; }\ndetails[open] { background: #970302; color: #dfdedd; }\n.text-muted { color: #777; }\n@media (prefers-color-scheme: dark) {\n a { color: #9e9eff; }\n body { background: transparent; color: #ddd; }\n .footer { border-top: 1px solid #444; background: #060606; }\n #logo { filter: invert(1) hue-rotate(180deg); }\n .text-muted { color: #888; }\n}\n</style>\n<meta name=\"color-scheme\" content=\"light dark\">\n<div class=\"content\" role=\"main\">\n<a href=\"https://www.wikimedia.org\"><img id=\"logo\" src=\"https://www.wikimedia.org/static/images/wmf-logo.png\" srcset=\"https://www.wikimedia.org/static/images/wmf-logo-2x.png 2x\" alt=\"Wikimedia\" width=\"135\" height=\"101\">\n</a>\n<div class=\"content-text\">\n<h1>Error</h1>\n\n<p>Your bot is making too many requests. Please reduce your request rate or contact bot-traffic@wikimedia.org (f263c81)</p>\n</div>\n</div>\n<div class=\"footer\"><p>If you report this error to the Wikimedia System Administrators, please include the details below.</p><p class=\"text-muted\"><code>Request served via cp3073 cp3073, Varnish XID 438279043<br>Upstream caches: cp3073 int<br>Error: 429, Your bot is making too many requests. Please reduce your request rate or contact bot-traffic@wikimedia.org (f263c81) at Fri, 30 Jan 2026 10:47:54 GMT<br><details><summary>Sensitive client information</summary>IP address: 91.207.79.37</details></code></p>\n</div>\n</html>\n"
}
{
"called_from": "query_wikidata_json",
"msg": "WIKIDATA QUERY failed",
"path": [
"foe",
"Template:cog",
"#invoke",
"#invoke",
"Lua:Module:etymology/templates:cognate()"
],
"section": "Samoan",
"subsection": "",
"title": "foe",
"trace": "<!DOCTYPE html>\n<html lang=\"en\">\n<meta charset=\"utf-8\">\n<title>Wikimedia Error</title>\n<style>\n* { margin: 0; padding: 0; }\nbody { background: #fff; font: 15px/1.6 sans-serif; color: #333; }\n.content { margin: 7% auto 0; padding: 2em 1em 1em; max-width: 640px; display: flex; flex-direction: row; flex-wrap: wrap; }\n.footer { clear: both; margin-top: 14%; border-top: 1px solid #e5e5e5; background: #f9f9f9; padding: 2em 0; font-size: 0.8em; text-align: center; }\nimg { margin: 0 2em 2em 0; }\na img { border: 0; }\nh1 { margin-top: 1em; font-size: 1.2em; }\n.content-text { flex: 1; }\np { margin: 0.7em 0 1em 0; }\na { color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none; }\na:hover { text-decoration: underline; }\ncode { font-family: sans-serif; }\nsummary { font-weight: bold; cursor: pointer; }\ndetails[open] { background: #970302; color: #dfdedd; }\n.text-muted { color: #777; }\n@media (prefers-color-scheme: dark) {\n a { color: #9e9eff; }\n body { background: transparent; color: #ddd; }\n .footer { border-top: 1px solid #444; background: #060606; }\n #logo { filter: invert(1) hue-rotate(180deg); }\n .text-muted { color: #888; }\n}\n</style>\n<meta name=\"color-scheme\" content=\"light dark\">\n<div class=\"content\" role=\"main\">\n<a href=\"https://www.wikimedia.org\"><img id=\"logo\" src=\"https://www.wikimedia.org/static/images/wmf-logo.png\" srcset=\"https://www.wikimedia.org/static/images/wmf-logo-2x.png 2x\" alt=\"Wikimedia\" width=\"135\" height=\"101\">\n</a>\n<div class=\"content-text\">\n<h1>Error</h1>\n\n<p>Your bot is making too many requests. Please reduce your request rate or contact bot-traffic@wikimedia.org (f263c81)</p>\n</div>\n</div>\n<div class=\"footer\"><p>If you report this error to the Wikimedia System Administrators, please include the details below.</p><p class=\"text-muted\"><code>Request served via cp3073 cp3073, Varnish XID 434318401<br>Upstream caches: cp3073 int<br>Error: 429, Your bot is making too many requests. Please reduce your request rate or contact bot-traffic@wikimedia.org (f263c81) at Fri, 30 Jan 2026 10:48:49 GMT<br><details><summary>Sensitive client information</summary>IP address: 91.207.79.37</details></code></p>\n</div>\n</html>\n"
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Samoan dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2026-02-01 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2026-01-01 using wiktextract (f492ef9 and 9905b1f). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.