"подсыпать" meaning in Russian

See подсыпать in All languages combined, or Wiktionary

Verb

IPA: [pɐt͡sˈsɨpətʲ]
Etymology: From под- (pod-) + сы́пать (sýpatʹ). Compare Czech podsypat, Kashubian pòdsëpac, Polish podsypać, and Silesian podsypać. Etymology templates: {{af|ru|под-|сы́пать}} под- (pod-) + сы́пать (sýpatʹ), {{cog|cs|podsypat}} Czech podsypat, {{cog|csb|pòdsëpac}} Kashubian pòdsëpac, {{cog|pl|podsypać}} Polish podsypać, {{cog|szl|podsypać}} Silesian podsypać Head templates: {{ru-verb|подсы́пать|pf|impf=подсыпа́ть}} подсы́пать • (podsýpatʹ) pf (imperfective подсыпа́ть) Inflection templates: {{ru-conj|pf|irreg+p|подсы́пать}} Forms: подсы́пать [canonical], podsýpatʹ [romanization], подсыпа́ть [imperfective], perfective transitive [table-tags], подсы́пать [infinitive, perfective], - [active, participle, present], подсы́павший [active, participle, past], - [participle, passive, present], подсы́панный [participle, passive, past], - [adverbial, participle, present], подсы́пав [adverbial, participle, past], подсы́павши [adverbial, participle, past], - [first-person, present, singular], подсы́плю [first-person, future, singular], - [present, second-person, singular], подсы́плешь [future, second-person, singular], подсы́пешь [future, second-person, singular], - [present, singular, third-person], подсы́плет [future, singular, third-person], подсы́пет [future, singular, third-person], - [first-person, plural, present], подсы́плем [first-person, future, plural], подсы́пем [first-person, future, plural], - [plural, present, second-person], подсы́плете [future, plural, second-person], подсы́пете [future, plural, second-person], - [plural, present, third-person], подсы́плют [future, plural, third-person], подсы́пь [imperative, singular], подсы́пьте [imperative, plural], подсы́пал [masculine, past, singular], подсы́пали [masculine, past, plural], подсы́пала [feminine, past, singular], подсы́пали [feminine, past, plural], подсы́пало [neuter, past, singular], подсы́пали [neuter, past, plural]
  1. to pour a bit more of
    Sense id: en-подсыпать-ru-verb-JND26Bz6 Categories (other): Russian terms suffixed with -ать Disambiguation of Russian terms suffixed with -ать: 11 29 11 11 27 11
  2. to pour stealthily (e.g. poison)
    Sense id: en-подсыпать-ru-verb-XGhUTxmk Categories (other): Russian entries with incorrect language header, Russian terms prefixed with под-, Russian terms suffixed with -ать Disambiguation of Russian entries with incorrect language header: 15 70 15 Disambiguation of Russian terms prefixed with под-: 30 41 29 Disambiguation of Russian terms suffixed with -ать: 11 29 11 11 27 11
  3. to increase the height of (something) by pouring
    Sense id: en-подсыпать-ru-verb-vIT7GSbA Categories (other): Russian terms suffixed with -ать Disambiguation of Russian terms suffixed with -ать: 11 29 11 11 27 11
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Derived forms: подсыпа́ться (podsypátʹsja) [imperfective], подсы́паться (podsýpatʹsja) [perfective], подсыпа́ние (podsypánije), подсы́пка (podsýpka), подсы́пщик (podsýpščik) Related terms: сы́пать (sýpatʹ) [imperfective], насы́пать (nasýpatʹ) [perfective], посы́пать (posýpatʹ) [perfective], сы́паться (sýpatʹsja) [imperfective], насы́паться (nasýpatʹsja) [perfective], посы́паться (posýpatʹsja) [perfective], сыпу́чий (sypúčij), сыпу́честь (sypúčestʹ)
Etymology number: 1

Verb

IPA: [pət͡ssɨˈpatʲ]
Etymology: подсы́пать (podsýpatʹ) + -а́ть (-átʹ) Etymology templates: {{af|ru|подсы́пать|-а́ть}} подсы́пать (podsýpatʹ) + -а́ть (-átʹ) Head templates: {{ru-verb|подсыпа́ть|impf|pf=подсы́пать}} подсыпа́ть • (podsypátʹ) impf (perfective подсы́пать) Inflection templates: {{ru-conj|impf|1a|подсыпа́ть}} Forms: подсыпа́ть [canonical], podsypátʹ [romanization], подсы́пать [perfective], imperfective transitive [table-tags], подсыпа́ть [imperfective, infinitive], подсыпа́ющий [active, participle, present], подсыпа́вший [active, participle, past], подсыпа́емый [participle, passive, present], - [participle, passive, past], подсыпа́я [adverbial, participle, present], подсыпа́в [adverbial, participle, past], подсыпа́вши [adverbial, participle, past], подсыпа́ю [first-person, present, singular], бу́ду подсыпа́ть [first-person, future, singular], подсыпа́ешь [present, second-person, singular], бу́дешь подсыпа́ть [future, second-person, singular], подсыпа́ет [present, singular, third-person], бу́дет подсыпа́ть [future, singular, third-person], подсыпа́ем [first-person, plural, present], бу́дем подсыпа́ть [first-person, future, plural], подсыпа́ете [plural, present, second-person], бу́дете подсыпа́ть [future, plural, second-person], подсыпа́ют [plural, present, third-person], бу́дут подсыпа́ть [future, plural, third-person], подсыпа́й [imperative, singular], подсыпа́йте [imperative, plural], подсыпа́л [masculine, past, singular], подсыпа́ли [masculine, past, plural], подсыпа́ла [feminine, past, singular], подсыпа́ли [feminine, past, plural], подсыпа́ло [neuter, past, singular], подсыпа́ли [neuter, past, plural]
  1. to pour a bit more of
    Sense id: en-подсыпать-ru-verb-JND26Bz61 Categories (other): Russian terms suffixed with -ать Disambiguation of Russian terms suffixed with -ать: 11 29 11 11 27 11
  2. to pour stealthily (e.g. poison)
    Sense id: en-подсыпать-ru-verb-XGhUTxmk1 Categories (other): Russian terms suffixed with -ать Disambiguation of Russian terms suffixed with -ать: 11 29 11 11 27 11
  3. to increase the height of (something) by pouring
    Sense id: en-подсыпать-ru-verb-vIT7GSbA1 Categories (other): Russian terms suffixed with -ать Disambiguation of Russian terms suffixed with -ать: 11 29 11 11 27 11
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Derived forms: подсыпа́ться (podsypátʹsja) [imperfective], подсы́паться (podsýpatʹsja) [perfective], подсыпа́ние (podsypánije) Related terms: сы́пать (sýpatʹ) [imperfective], насы́пать (nasýpatʹ) [perfective], посы́пать (posýpatʹ) [perfective], сы́паться (sýpatʹsja) [imperfective], насы́паться (nasýpatʹsja) [perfective], посы́паться (posýpatʹsja) [perfective], сыпу́чий (sypúčij), сыпу́честь (sypúčestʹ), подсы́пка (podsýpka), подсы́пщик (podsýpščik)
Etymology number: 2

Download JSON data for подсыпать meaning in Russian (14.5kB)

{
  "derived": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "podsypátʹsja",
      "tags": [
        "imperfective"
      ],
      "word": "подсыпа́ться"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "podsýpatʹsja",
      "tags": [
        "perfective"
      ],
      "word": "подсы́паться"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "podsypánije",
      "word": "подсыпа́ние"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "roman": "podsýpka",
      "word": "подсы́пка"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "roman": "podsýpščik",
      "word": "подсы́пщик"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_number": 1,
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ru",
        "2": "под-",
        "3": "сы́пать"
      },
      "expansion": "под- (pod-) + сы́пать (sýpatʹ)",
      "name": "af"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "cs",
        "2": "podsypat"
      },
      "expansion": "Czech podsypat",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "csb",
        "2": "pòdsëpac"
      },
      "expansion": "Kashubian pòdsëpac",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "pl",
        "2": "podsypać"
      },
      "expansion": "Polish podsypać",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "szl",
        "2": "podsypać"
      },
      "expansion": "Silesian podsypać",
      "name": "cog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From под- (pod-) + сы́пать (sýpatʹ). Compare Czech podsypat, Kashubian pòdsëpac, Polish podsypać, and Silesian podsypać.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "подсы́пать",
      "tags": [
        "canonical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "podsýpatʹ",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "подсыпа́ть",
      "tags": [
        "imperfective"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "perfective transitive",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ru-conj",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "6a perfective transitive",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "class"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "подсы́пать",
      "roman": "podsýpatʹ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "infinitive",
        "perfective"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "participle",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "подсы́павший",
      "roman": "podsýpavšij",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "participle",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "passive",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "подсы́панный",
      "roman": "podsýpannyj",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "passive",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "adverbial",
        "participle",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "подсы́пав",
      "roman": "podsýpav",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "adverbial",
        "participle",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "подсы́павши",
      "roman": "podsýpavši",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "adverbial",
        "participle",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "present",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "подсы́плю",
      "roman": "podsýplju",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "future",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "подсы́плешь",
      "roman": "podsýplešʹ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "подсы́пешь",
      "roman": "podsýpešʹ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "подсы́плет",
      "roman": "podsýplet",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "подсы́пет",
      "roman": "podsýpet",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "plural",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "подсы́плем",
      "roman": "podsýplem",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "future",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "подсы́пем",
      "roman": "podsýpem",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "future",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "present",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "подсы́плете",
      "roman": "podsýplete",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "подсы́пете",
      "roman": "podsýpete",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "present",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "подсы́плют",
      "roman": "podsýpljut",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "подсы́пь",
      "roman": "podsýpʹ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "подсы́пьте",
      "roman": "podsýpʹte",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "подсы́пал",
      "roman": "podsýpal",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "past",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "подсы́пали",
      "roman": "podsýpali",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "past",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "подсы́пала",
      "roman": "podsýpala",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "past",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "подсы́пали",
      "roman": "podsýpali",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "past",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "подсы́пало",
      "roman": "podsýpalo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "neuter",
        "past",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "подсы́пали",
      "roman": "podsýpali",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "neuter",
        "past",
        "plural"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "подсы́пать",
        "2": "pf",
        "impf": "подсыпа́ть"
      },
      "expansion": "подсы́пать • (podsýpatʹ) pf (imperfective подсыпа́ть)",
      "name": "ru-verb"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "pf",
        "2": "irreg+p",
        "3": "подсы́пать"
      },
      "name": "ru-conj"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Russian",
  "lang_code": "ru",
  "pos": "verb",
  "related": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "sýpatʹ",
      "tags": [
        "imperfective"
      ],
      "word": "сы́пать"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "nasýpatʹ",
      "tags": [
        "perfective"
      ],
      "word": "насы́пать"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "posýpatʹ",
      "tags": [
        "perfective"
      ],
      "word": "посы́пать"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "sýpatʹsja",
      "tags": [
        "imperfective"
      ],
      "word": "сы́паться"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "nasýpatʹsja",
      "tags": [
        "perfective"
      ],
      "word": "насы́паться"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "posýpatʹsja",
      "tags": [
        "perfective"
      ],
      "word": "посы́паться"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "sypúčij",
      "word": "сыпу́чий"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "sypúčestʹ",
      "word": "сыпу́честь"
    }
  ],
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "11 29 11 11 27 11",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Russian terms suffixed with -ать",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "to pour a bit more of"
      ],
      "id": "en-подсыпать-ru-verb-JND26Bz6",
      "links": [
        [
          "pour",
          "pour"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "15 70 15",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Russian entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "30 41 29",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Russian terms prefixed with под-",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "11 29 11 11 27 11",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Russian terms suffixed with -ать",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "to pour stealthily (e.g. poison)"
      ],
      "id": "en-подсыпать-ru-verb-XGhUTxmk",
      "links": [
        [
          "pour",
          "pour"
        ],
        [
          "stealthily",
          "stealthily"
        ],
        [
          "poison",
          "poison"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "11 29 11 11 27 11",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Russian terms suffixed with -ать",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "to increase the height of (something) by pouring"
      ],
      "id": "en-подсыпать-ru-verb-vIT7GSbA",
      "links": [
        [
          "increase",
          "increase"
        ],
        [
          "height",
          "height"
        ],
        [
          "pour",
          "pour"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "[pɐt͡sˈsɨpətʲ]"
    }
  ],
  "word": "подсыпать"
}

{
  "derived": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "podsypátʹsja",
      "tags": [
        "imperfective"
      ],
      "word": "подсыпа́ться"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "podsýpatʹsja",
      "tags": [
        "perfective"
      ],
      "word": "подсы́паться"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "podsypánije",
      "word": "подсыпа́ние"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_number": 2,
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ru",
        "2": "подсы́пать",
        "3": "-а́ть"
      },
      "expansion": "подсы́пать (podsýpatʹ) + -а́ть (-átʹ)",
      "name": "af"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "подсы́пать (podsýpatʹ) + -а́ть (-átʹ)",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "подсыпа́ть",
      "tags": [
        "canonical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "podsypátʹ",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "подсы́пать",
      "tags": [
        "perfective"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "imperfective transitive",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ru-conj",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "1a imperfective transitive",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "class"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "подсыпа́ть",
      "roman": "podsypátʹ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfective",
        "infinitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "подсыпа́ющий",
      "roman": "podsypájuščij",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "participle",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "подсыпа́вший",
      "roman": "podsypávšij",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "participle",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "подсыпа́емый",
      "roman": "podsypájemyj",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "passive",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "passive",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "подсыпа́я",
      "roman": "podsypája",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "adverbial",
        "participle",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "подсыпа́в",
      "roman": "podsypáv",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "adverbial",
        "participle",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "подсыпа́вши",
      "roman": "podsypávši",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "adverbial",
        "participle",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "подсыпа́ю",
      "roman": "podsypáju",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "present",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "бу́ду подсыпа́ть",
      "roman": "búdu podsypátʹ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "future",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "подсыпа́ешь",
      "roman": "podsypáješʹ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "бу́дешь подсыпа́ть",
      "roman": "búdešʹ podsypátʹ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "подсыпа́ет",
      "roman": "podsypájet",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "бу́дет подсыпа́ть",
      "roman": "búdet podsypátʹ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "подсыпа́ем",
      "roman": "podsypájem",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "plural",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "бу́дем подсыпа́ть",
      "roman": "búdem podsypátʹ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "future",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "подсыпа́ете",
      "roman": "podsypájete",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "present",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "бу́дете подсыпа́ть",
      "roman": "búdete podsypátʹ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "подсыпа́ют",
      "roman": "podsypájut",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "present",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "бу́дут подсыпа́ть",
      "roman": "búdut podsypátʹ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "подсыпа́й",
      "roman": "podsypáj",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "подсыпа́йте",
      "roman": "podsypájte",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "подсыпа́л",
      "roman": "podsypál",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "past",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "подсыпа́ли",
      "roman": "podsypáli",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "past",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "подсыпа́ла",
      "roman": "podsypála",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "past",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "подсыпа́ли",
      "roman": "podsypáli",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "past",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "подсыпа́ло",
      "roman": "podsypálo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "neuter",
        "past",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "подсыпа́ли",
      "roman": "podsypáli",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "neuter",
        "past",
        "plural"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "подсыпа́ть",
        "2": "impf",
        "pf": "подсы́пать"
      },
      "expansion": "подсыпа́ть • (podsypátʹ) impf (perfective подсы́пать)",
      "name": "ru-verb"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "impf",
        "2": "1a",
        "3": "подсыпа́ть"
      },
      "name": "ru-conj"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Russian",
  "lang_code": "ru",
  "pos": "verb",
  "related": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "sýpatʹ",
      "tags": [
        "imperfective"
      ],
      "word": "сы́пать"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "nasýpatʹ",
      "tags": [
        "perfective"
      ],
      "word": "насы́пать"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "posýpatʹ",
      "tags": [
        "perfective"
      ],
      "word": "посы́пать"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "sýpatʹsja",
      "tags": [
        "imperfective"
      ],
      "word": "сы́паться"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "nasýpatʹsja",
      "tags": [
        "perfective"
      ],
      "word": "насы́паться"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "posýpatʹsja",
      "tags": [
        "perfective"
      ],
      "word": "посы́паться"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "sypúčij",
      "word": "сыпу́чий"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "sypúčestʹ",
      "word": "сыпу́честь"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "roman": "podsýpka",
      "word": "подсы́пка"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "roman": "podsýpščik",
      "word": "подсы́пщик"
    }
  ],
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "11 29 11 11 27 11",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Russian terms suffixed with -ать",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "to pour a bit more of"
      ],
      "id": "en-подсыпать-ru-verb-JND26Bz61",
      "links": [
        [
          "pour",
          "pour"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "11 29 11 11 27 11",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Russian terms suffixed with -ать",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "to pour stealthily (e.g. poison)"
      ],
      "id": "en-подсыпать-ru-verb-XGhUTxmk1",
      "links": [
        [
          "pour",
          "pour"
        ],
        [
          "stealthily",
          "stealthily"
        ],
        [
          "poison",
          "poison"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "11 29 11 11 27 11",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Russian terms suffixed with -ать",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "to increase the height of (something) by pouring"
      ],
      "id": "en-подсыпать-ru-verb-vIT7GSbA1",
      "links": [
        [
          "increase",
          "increase"
        ],
        [
          "height",
          "height"
        ],
        [
          "pour",
          "pour"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "[pət͡ssɨˈpatʲ]"
    }
  ],
  "word": "подсыпать"
}
{
  "categories": [
    "Russian 3-syllable words",
    "Russian class 1 verbs",
    "Russian class 1a verbs",
    "Russian class 6 verbs",
    "Russian class 6a verbs",
    "Russian entries with incorrect language header",
    "Russian imperfective verbs",
    "Russian irregular verbs",
    "Russian lemmas",
    "Russian perfective verbs",
    "Russian terms prefixed with под-",
    "Russian terms suffixed with -ать",
    "Russian terms with IPA pronunciation",
    "Russian transitive verbs",
    "Russian verbs"
  ],
  "derived": [
    {
      "roman": "podsypátʹsja",
      "tags": [
        "imperfective"
      ],
      "word": "подсыпа́ться"
    },
    {
      "roman": "podsýpatʹsja",
      "tags": [
        "perfective"
      ],
      "word": "подсы́паться"
    },
    {
      "roman": "podsypánije",
      "word": "подсыпа́ние"
    },
    {
      "roman": "podsýpka",
      "word": "подсы́пка"
    },
    {
      "roman": "podsýpščik",
      "word": "подсы́пщик"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_number": 1,
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ru",
        "2": "под-",
        "3": "сы́пать"
      },
      "expansion": "под- (pod-) + сы́пать (sýpatʹ)",
      "name": "af"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "cs",
        "2": "podsypat"
      },
      "expansion": "Czech podsypat",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "csb",
        "2": "pòdsëpac"
      },
      "expansion": "Kashubian pòdsëpac",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "pl",
        "2": "podsypać"
      },
      "expansion": "Polish podsypać",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "szl",
        "2": "podsypać"
      },
      "expansion": "Silesian podsypać",
      "name": "cog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From под- (pod-) + сы́пать (sýpatʹ). Compare Czech podsypat, Kashubian pòdsëpac, Polish podsypać, and Silesian podsypać.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "подсы́пать",
      "tags": [
        "canonical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "podsýpatʹ",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "подсыпа́ть",
      "tags": [
        "imperfective"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "perfective transitive",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ru-conj",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "6a perfective transitive",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "class"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "подсы́пать",
      "roman": "podsýpatʹ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "infinitive",
        "perfective"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "participle",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "подсы́павший",
      "roman": "podsýpavšij",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "participle",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "passive",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "подсы́панный",
      "roman": "podsýpannyj",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "passive",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "adverbial",
        "participle",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "подсы́пав",
      "roman": "podsýpav",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "adverbial",
        "participle",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "подсы́павши",
      "roman": "podsýpavši",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "adverbial",
        "participle",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "present",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "подсы́плю",
      "roman": "podsýplju",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "future",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "подсы́плешь",
      "roman": "podsýplešʹ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "подсы́пешь",
      "roman": "podsýpešʹ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "подсы́плет",
      "roman": "podsýplet",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "подсы́пет",
      "roman": "podsýpet",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "plural",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "подсы́плем",
      "roman": "podsýplem",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "future",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "подсы́пем",
      "roman": "podsýpem",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "future",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "present",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "подсы́плете",
      "roman": "podsýplete",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "подсы́пете",
      "roman": "podsýpete",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "present",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "подсы́плют",
      "roman": "podsýpljut",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "подсы́пь",
      "roman": "podsýpʹ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "подсы́пьте",
      "roman": "podsýpʹte",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "подсы́пал",
      "roman": "podsýpal",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "past",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "подсы́пали",
      "roman": "podsýpali",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "past",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "подсы́пала",
      "roman": "podsýpala",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "past",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "подсы́пали",
      "roman": "podsýpali",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "past",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "подсы́пало",
      "roman": "podsýpalo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "neuter",
        "past",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "подсы́пали",
      "roman": "podsýpali",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "neuter",
        "past",
        "plural"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "подсы́пать",
        "2": "pf",
        "impf": "подсыпа́ть"
      },
      "expansion": "подсы́пать • (podsýpatʹ) pf (imperfective подсыпа́ть)",
      "name": "ru-verb"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "pf",
        "2": "irreg+p",
        "3": "подсы́пать"
      },
      "name": "ru-conj"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Russian",
  "lang_code": "ru",
  "pos": "verb",
  "related": [
    {
      "roman": "sýpatʹ",
      "tags": [
        "imperfective"
      ],
      "word": "сы́пать"
    },
    {
      "roman": "nasýpatʹ",
      "tags": [
        "perfective"
      ],
      "word": "насы́пать"
    },
    {
      "roman": "posýpatʹ",
      "tags": [
        "perfective"
      ],
      "word": "посы́пать"
    },
    {
      "roman": "sýpatʹsja",
      "tags": [
        "imperfective"
      ],
      "word": "сы́паться"
    },
    {
      "roman": "nasýpatʹsja",
      "tags": [
        "perfective"
      ],
      "word": "насы́паться"
    },
    {
      "roman": "posýpatʹsja",
      "tags": [
        "perfective"
      ],
      "word": "посы́паться"
    },
    {
      "roman": "sypúčij",
      "word": "сыпу́чий"
    },
    {
      "roman": "sypúčestʹ",
      "word": "сыпу́честь"
    }
  ],
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "to pour a bit more of"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "pour",
          "pour"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "to pour stealthily (e.g. poison)"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "pour",
          "pour"
        ],
        [
          "stealthily",
          "stealthily"
        ],
        [
          "poison",
          "poison"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "to increase the height of (something) by pouring"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "increase",
          "increase"
        ],
        [
          "height",
          "height"
        ],
        [
          "pour",
          "pour"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "[pɐt͡sˈsɨpətʲ]"
    }
  ],
  "word": "подсыпать"
}

{
  "categories": [
    "Russian 3-syllable words",
    "Russian class 1 verbs",
    "Russian class 1a verbs",
    "Russian imperfective verbs",
    "Russian lemmas",
    "Russian terms suffixed with -ать",
    "Russian terms with IPA pronunciation",
    "Russian transitive verbs",
    "Russian verbs"
  ],
  "derived": [
    {
      "roman": "podsypátʹsja",
      "tags": [
        "imperfective"
      ],
      "word": "подсыпа́ться"
    },
    {
      "roman": "podsýpatʹsja",
      "tags": [
        "perfective"
      ],
      "word": "подсы́паться"
    },
    {
      "roman": "podsypánije",
      "word": "подсыпа́ние"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_number": 2,
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ru",
        "2": "подсы́пать",
        "3": "-а́ть"
      },
      "expansion": "подсы́пать (podsýpatʹ) + -а́ть (-átʹ)",
      "name": "af"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "подсы́пать (podsýpatʹ) + -а́ть (-átʹ)",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "подсыпа́ть",
      "tags": [
        "canonical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "podsypátʹ",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "подсы́пать",
      "tags": [
        "perfective"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "imperfective transitive",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ru-conj",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "1a imperfective transitive",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "class"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "подсыпа́ть",
      "roman": "podsypátʹ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfective",
        "infinitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "подсыпа́ющий",
      "roman": "podsypájuščij",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "participle",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "подсыпа́вший",
      "roman": "podsypávšij",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "participle",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "подсыпа́емый",
      "roman": "podsypájemyj",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "passive",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "passive",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "подсыпа́я",
      "roman": "podsypája",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "adverbial",
        "participle",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "подсыпа́в",
      "roman": "podsypáv",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "adverbial",
        "participle",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "подсыпа́вши",
      "roman": "podsypávši",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "adverbial",
        "participle",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "подсыпа́ю",
      "roman": "podsypáju",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "present",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "бу́ду подсыпа́ть",
      "roman": "búdu podsypátʹ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "future",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "подсыпа́ешь",
      "roman": "podsypáješʹ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "бу́дешь подсыпа́ть",
      "roman": "búdešʹ podsypátʹ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "подсыпа́ет",
      "roman": "podsypájet",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "бу́дет подсыпа́ть",
      "roman": "búdet podsypátʹ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "подсыпа́ем",
      "roman": "podsypájem",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "plural",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "бу́дем подсыпа́ть",
      "roman": "búdem podsypátʹ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "future",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "подсыпа́ете",
      "roman": "podsypájete",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "present",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "бу́дете подсыпа́ть",
      "roman": "búdete podsypátʹ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "подсыпа́ют",
      "roman": "podsypájut",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "present",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "бу́дут подсыпа́ть",
      "roman": "búdut podsypátʹ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "подсыпа́й",
      "roman": "podsypáj",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "подсыпа́йте",
      "roman": "podsypájte",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "подсыпа́л",
      "roman": "podsypál",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "past",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "подсыпа́ли",
      "roman": "podsypáli",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "past",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "подсыпа́ла",
      "roman": "podsypála",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "past",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "подсыпа́ли",
      "roman": "podsypáli",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "past",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "подсыпа́ло",
      "roman": "podsypálo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "neuter",
        "past",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "подсыпа́ли",
      "roman": "podsypáli",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "neuter",
        "past",
        "plural"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "подсыпа́ть",
        "2": "impf",
        "pf": "подсы́пать"
      },
      "expansion": "подсыпа́ть • (podsypátʹ) impf (perfective подсы́пать)",
      "name": "ru-verb"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "impf",
        "2": "1a",
        "3": "подсыпа́ть"
      },
      "name": "ru-conj"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Russian",
  "lang_code": "ru",
  "pos": "verb",
  "related": [
    {
      "roman": "podsýpka",
      "word": "подсы́пка"
    },
    {
      "roman": "podsýpščik",
      "word": "подсы́пщик"
    },
    {
      "roman": "sýpatʹ",
      "tags": [
        "imperfective"
      ],
      "word": "сы́пать"
    },
    {
      "roman": "nasýpatʹ",
      "tags": [
        "perfective"
      ],
      "word": "насы́пать"
    },
    {
      "roman": "posýpatʹ",
      "tags": [
        "perfective"
      ],
      "word": "посы́пать"
    },
    {
      "roman": "sýpatʹsja",
      "tags": [
        "imperfective"
      ],
      "word": "сы́паться"
    },
    {
      "roman": "nasýpatʹsja",
      "tags": [
        "perfective"
      ],
      "word": "насы́паться"
    },
    {
      "roman": "posýpatʹsja",
      "tags": [
        "perfective"
      ],
      "word": "посы́паться"
    },
    {
      "roman": "sypúčij",
      "word": "сыпу́чий"
    },
    {
      "roman": "sypúčestʹ",
      "word": "сыпу́честь"
    }
  ],
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "to pour a bit more of"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "pour",
          "pour"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "to pour stealthily (e.g. poison)"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "pour",
          "pour"
        ],
        [
          "stealthily",
          "stealthily"
        ],
        [
          "poison",
          "poison"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "to increase the height of (something) by pouring"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "increase",
          "increase"
        ],
        [
          "height",
          "height"
        ],
        [
          "pour",
          "pour"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "[pət͡ssɨˈpatʲ]"
    }
  ],
  "word": "подсыпать"
}

This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Russian dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-04-17 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-04-01 using wiktextract (0b52755 and 5cb0836). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.