See по- in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
Download JSON data for по- meaning in Russian (5.2kB)
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "Inherited"
},
"expansion": "Inherited",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ru",
"2": "sla-pro",
"3": "*pо-",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Proto-Slavic *pо-",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ru",
"2": "sla-pro",
"3": "*pо-"
},
"expansion": "Inherited from Proto-Slavic *pо-",
"name": "inh+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ru",
"2": "по",
"t": "up to"
},
"expansion": "по (po, “up to”)",
"name": "m"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Proto-Slavic *pо-. See по (po, “up to”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "по-",
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "по́-",
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "po-",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "pó-",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ru",
"2": "prefix",
"cat2": "verbal prefixes",
"head": "по-",
"head2": "по́-"
},
"expansion": "по- or по́- • (po- or pó-)",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Russian",
"lang_code": "ru",
"pos": "prefix",
"related": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "po",
"word": "по"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "31 31 5 5 28",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Russian entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "по- (po-) + -йти́ impf (-jtí, “to go”) → пойти́ pf (pojtí, “to go”)"
}
],
"glosses": [
"perfective aspect"
],
"id": "en-по--ru-prefix-W8pBskRK",
"links": [
[
"perfective aspect",
"perfective aspect"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "31 31 5 5 28",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Russian entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "по- (po-) + купи́ть pf (kupítʹ, “to buy, purchase”) + -а́ть (-átʹ) → покупа́ть impf (pokupátʹ, “to buy, purchase”)"
}
],
"glosses": [
"imperfective aspect"
],
"id": "en-по--ru-prefix-AoKFCwjb",
"links": [
[
"imperfective aspect",
"imperfective aspect"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(rare) imperfective aspect"
],
"tags": [
"morpheme",
"rare"
]
},
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "по- (po-) + говори́ть impf (govorítʹ, “to talk”) → поговори́ть pf (pogovorítʹ, “to talk a bit, to chat”)"
},
{
"text": "по- (po-) + рабо́тать (rabótatʹ, “to work”) → порабо́тать (porabótatʹ, “to work a bit”)"
},
{
"text": "по- (po-) + спа́ть (spátʹ, “to sleep”) → поспа́ть (pospátʹ, “to sleep a bit”)"
}
],
"glosses": [
"for a while, a little (see delimitative aspect)"
],
"id": "en-по--ru-prefix-EdrjLCix",
"links": [
[
"while",
"while"
],
[
"a little",
"a little"
],
[
"delimitative aspect",
"w:delimitative aspect"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "по- (po-) + ру́сский (rússkij, “Russian”) → по-ру́сски (po-rússki, “in a Russian way, Russian (the language)”)"
},
{
"text": "по- (po-) + мужско́й (mužskój, “male, masculine”) → по-мужски́ (po-mužskí, “in a manly way, like a man”)"
},
{
"text": "по- (po-) + ра́зный (ráznyj, “different, various”) → по-ра́зному (po-ráznomu, “in various ways, it depends”)"
},
{
"text": "по- (po-) + дома́шний (domášnij, “domestic, home”) → по-дома́шнему (po-domášnemu, “like at home”)"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Added with a hyphen to certain adjectives to create adverbs, often (but not always) with the meaning \"in the manner of behaviour, speech etc. of [the adjective]\". Typically changes the adjective ending to the dative masculine/neuter singular ending, but the following additional changes also occur: -ский (-skij) to -ски (-ski), -ско́й (-skój) to -ски́ (-skí), -ий (-ij) to -ьи (-ʹi)."
],
"id": "en-по--ru-prefix-231rD90E",
"links": [
[
"-ский",
"-ский#Russian"
],
[
"-ски",
"-ски#Russian"
],
[
"-ско́й",
"-ской#Russian"
],
[
"-ски́",
"-ски#Russian"
],
[
"-ий",
"-ий#Russian"
],
[
"-ьи",
"-ьи#Russian"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "31 31 5 5 28",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Russian entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "по- (po-) + Во́лга (Vólga, “the Volga River”) + -ье (-ʹje) → Пово́лжье (Povólžʹje, “Volga Region”)"
},
{
"english": "Volga Germans",
"roman": "povólžskije némcy",
"text": "пово́лжские не́мцы",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "по- (po-) + Ла́ба (Lába, “the Elbe River”) + -ский (-skij) + доли́на (dolína, “basin”) → Пола́бская доли́на (Polábskaja dolína, “Elbe River Basin”)"
},
{
"english": "Polabian Slavs",
"roman": "polábskije slavjáne",
"text": "пола́бские славя́не",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "Pomerania",
"roman": "Pomeranija",
"text": "Померания",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"place names"
],
"id": "en-по--ru-prefix-4mdYNCQn",
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[pə]"
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈpo]"
}
],
"word": "по-"
}
{
"categories": [
"Russian 1-syllable words",
"Russian entries with incorrect language header",
"Russian lemmas",
"Russian prefixes",
"Russian terms derived from Proto-Slavic",
"Russian terms inherited from Proto-Slavic",
"Russian terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Russian terms with redundant head parameter",
"Russian verbal prefixes"
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "Inherited"
},
"expansion": "Inherited",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ru",
"2": "sla-pro",
"3": "*pо-",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Proto-Slavic *pо-",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ru",
"2": "sla-pro",
"3": "*pо-"
},
"expansion": "Inherited from Proto-Slavic *pо-",
"name": "inh+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ru",
"2": "по",
"t": "up to"
},
"expansion": "по (po, “up to”)",
"name": "m"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Proto-Slavic *pо-. See по (po, “up to”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "по-",
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "по́-",
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "po-",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "pó-",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ru",
"2": "prefix",
"cat2": "verbal prefixes",
"head": "по-",
"head2": "по́-"
},
"expansion": "по- or по́- • (po- or pó-)",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Russian",
"lang_code": "ru",
"pos": "prefix",
"related": [
{
"roman": "po",
"word": "по"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "по- (po-) + -йти́ impf (-jtí, “to go”) → пойти́ pf (pojtí, “to go”)"
}
],
"glosses": [
"perfective aspect"
],
"links": [
[
"perfective aspect",
"perfective aspect"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Russian terms with rare senses"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "по- (po-) + купи́ть pf (kupítʹ, “to buy, purchase”) + -а́ть (-átʹ) → покупа́ть impf (pokupátʹ, “to buy, purchase”)"
}
],
"glosses": [
"imperfective aspect"
],
"links": [
[
"imperfective aspect",
"imperfective aspect"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(rare) imperfective aspect"
],
"tags": [
"morpheme",
"rare"
]
},
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "по- (po-) + говори́ть impf (govorítʹ, “to talk”) → поговори́ть pf (pogovorítʹ, “to talk a bit, to chat”)"
},
{
"text": "по- (po-) + рабо́тать (rabótatʹ, “to work”) → порабо́тать (porabótatʹ, “to work a bit”)"
},
{
"text": "по- (po-) + спа́ть (spátʹ, “to sleep”) → поспа́ть (pospátʹ, “to sleep a bit”)"
}
],
"glosses": [
"for a while, a little (see delimitative aspect)"
],
"links": [
[
"while",
"while"
],
[
"a little",
"a little"
],
[
"delimitative aspect",
"w:delimitative aspect"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "по- (po-) + ру́сский (rússkij, “Russian”) → по-ру́сски (po-rússki, “in a Russian way, Russian (the language)”)"
},
{
"text": "по- (po-) + мужско́й (mužskój, “male, masculine”) → по-мужски́ (po-mužskí, “in a manly way, like a man”)"
},
{
"text": "по- (po-) + ра́зный (ráznyj, “different, various”) → по-ра́зному (po-ráznomu, “in various ways, it depends”)"
},
{
"text": "по- (po-) + дома́шний (domášnij, “domestic, home”) → по-дома́шнему (po-domášnemu, “like at home”)"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Added with a hyphen to certain adjectives to create adverbs, often (but not always) with the meaning \"in the manner of behaviour, speech etc. of [the adjective]\". Typically changes the adjective ending to the dative masculine/neuter singular ending, but the following additional changes also occur: -ский (-skij) to -ски (-ski), -ско́й (-skój) to -ски́ (-skí), -ий (-ij) to -ьи (-ʹi)."
],
"links": [
[
"-ский",
"-ский#Russian"
],
[
"-ски",
"-ски#Russian"
],
[
"-ско́й",
"-ской#Russian"
],
[
"-ски́",
"-ски#Russian"
],
[
"-ий",
"-ий#Russian"
],
[
"-ьи",
"-ьи#Russian"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Russian terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "по- (po-) + Во́лга (Vólga, “the Volga River”) + -ье (-ʹje) → Пово́лжье (Povólžʹje, “Volga Region”)"
},
{
"english": "Volga Germans",
"roman": "povólžskije némcy",
"text": "пово́лжские не́мцы",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "по- (po-) + Ла́ба (Lába, “the Elbe River”) + -ский (-skij) + доли́на (dolína, “basin”) → Пола́бская доли́на (Polábskaja dolína, “Elbe River Basin”)"
},
{
"english": "Polabian Slavs",
"roman": "polábskije slavjáne",
"text": "пола́бские славя́не",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "Pomerania",
"roman": "Pomeranija",
"text": "Померания",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"place names"
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[pə]"
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈpo]"
}
],
"word": "по-"
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Russian dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-05-03 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-05-02 using wiktextract (f4fd8c9 and c9440ce). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.