"пачкать" meaning in Russian

See пачкать in All languages combined, or Wiktionary

Verb

IPA: [ˈpat͡ɕkətʲ]
Etymology: Compare Polish paćkać and ciapka. Etymology templates: {{cog|pl|paćkać}} Polish paćkać Head templates: {{ru-verb|па́чкать|impf|pf=испа́чкать|pf2=запа́чкать}} па́чкать • (páčkatʹ) impf (perfective испа́чкать or запа́чкать) Inflection templates: {{ru-conj|impf|1a+p|па́чкать}} Forms: па́чкать [canonical], páčkatʹ [romanization], испа́чкать [perfective], запа́чкать [perfective], imperfective transitive [table-tags], па́чкать [imperfective, infinitive], па́чкающий [active, participle, present], па́чкавший [active, participle, past], па́чкаемый [participle, passive, present], па́чканный [participle, passive, past], па́чкая [adverbial, participle, present], па́чкав [adverbial, participle, past], па́чкавши [adverbial, participle, past], па́чкаю [first-person, present, singular], бу́ду па́чкать [first-person, future, singular], па́чкаешь [present, second-person, singular], бу́дешь па́чкать [future, second-person, singular], па́чкает [present, singular, third-person], бу́дет па́чкать [future, singular, third-person], па́чкаем [first-person, plural, present], бу́дем па́чкать [first-person, future, plural], па́чкаете [plural, present, second-person], бу́дете па́чкать [future, plural, second-person], па́чкают [plural, present, third-person], бу́дут па́чкать [future, plural, third-person], па́чкай [imperative, singular], па́чкайте [imperative, plural], па́чкал [masculine, past, singular], па́чкали [masculine, past, plural], па́чкала [feminine, past, singular], па́чкали [feminine, past, plural], па́чкало [neuter, past, singular], па́чкали [neuter, past, plural]
  1. to soil, to dirty, to stain
    Sense id: en-пачкать-ru-verb-BUNjMlYV Categories (other): Pages with 1 entry Disambiguation of Pages with 1 entry: 50 50
  2. to daub
    Sense id: en-пачкать-ru-verb-usfoevPM Categories (other): Pages with 1 entry, Pages with entries, Russian entries with incorrect language header Disambiguation of Pages with 1 entry: 50 50 Disambiguation of Pages with entries: 44 56 Disambiguation of Russian entries with incorrect language header: 33 67
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Synonyms: грязни́ть (grjaznítʹ), загрязня́ть (zagrjaznjátʹ), мара́ть (marátʹ)
Derived forms: па́чкаться (páčkatʹsja) [imperfective], вы́пачкать (výpačkatʹ) [perfective], вы́пачкаться (výpačkatʹsja) [perfective], запа́чкать (zapáčkatʹ) [perfective], запа́чкаться (zapáčkatʹsja) [perfective], испа́чкать (ispáčkatʹ) [perfective], испа́чкаться (ispáčkatʹsja) [perfective], напа́чкать (napáčkatʹ) [perfective], напа́чкаться (napáčkatʹsja) [perfective], обпа́чкать (obpáčkatʹ) [perfective], обпа́чкаться (obpáčkatʹsja) [perfective], перепа́чкать (perepáčkatʹ) [perfective], перепа́чкаться (perepáčkatʹsja) [perfective], попа́чкать (popáčkatʹ) [perfective], пачку́н (pačkún), пачкотня́ (pačkotnjá)
{
  "derived": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "roman": "páčkatʹsja",
      "tags": [
        "imperfective"
      ],
      "word": "па́чкаться"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "roman": "výpačkatʹ",
      "tags": [
        "perfective"
      ],
      "word": "вы́пачкать"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "roman": "výpačkatʹsja",
      "tags": [
        "perfective"
      ],
      "word": "вы́пачкаться"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "roman": "zapáčkatʹ",
      "tags": [
        "perfective"
      ],
      "word": "запа́чкать"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "roman": "zapáčkatʹsja",
      "tags": [
        "perfective"
      ],
      "word": "запа́чкаться"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "roman": "ispáčkatʹ",
      "tags": [
        "perfective"
      ],
      "word": "испа́чкать"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "roman": "ispáčkatʹsja",
      "tags": [
        "perfective"
      ],
      "word": "испа́чкаться"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "roman": "napáčkatʹ",
      "tags": [
        "perfective"
      ],
      "word": "напа́чкать"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "roman": "napáčkatʹsja",
      "tags": [
        "perfective"
      ],
      "word": "напа́чкаться"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "roman": "obpáčkatʹ",
      "tags": [
        "perfective"
      ],
      "word": "обпа́чкать"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "roman": "obpáčkatʹsja",
      "tags": [
        "perfective"
      ],
      "word": "обпа́чкаться"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "roman": "perepáčkatʹ",
      "tags": [
        "perfective"
      ],
      "word": "перепа́чкать"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "roman": "perepáčkatʹsja",
      "tags": [
        "perfective"
      ],
      "word": "перепа́чкаться"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "roman": "popáčkatʹ",
      "tags": [
        "perfective"
      ],
      "word": "попа́чкать"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "roman": "pačkún",
      "word": "пачку́н"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "roman": "pačkotnjá",
      "word": "пачкотня́"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "pl",
        "2": "paćkać"
      },
      "expansion": "Polish paćkać",
      "name": "cog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Compare Polish paćkać and ciapka.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "па́чкать",
      "tags": [
        "canonical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "páčkatʹ",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "испа́чкать",
      "tags": [
        "perfective"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "запа́чкать",
      "tags": [
        "perfective"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "imperfective transitive",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ru-conj",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "1a imperfective transitive",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "class"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "па́чкать",
      "roman": "páčkatʹ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfective",
        "infinitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "па́чкающий",
      "roman": "páčkajuščij",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "participle",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "па́чкавший",
      "roman": "páčkavšij",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "participle",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "па́чкаемый",
      "roman": "páčkajemyj",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "passive",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "па́чканный",
      "roman": "páčkannyj",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "passive",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "па́чкая",
      "roman": "páčkaja",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "adverbial",
        "participle",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "па́чкав",
      "roman": "páčkav",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "adverbial",
        "participle",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "па́чкавши",
      "roman": "páčkavši",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "adverbial",
        "participle",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "па́чкаю",
      "roman": "páčkaju",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "present",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "бу́ду па́чкать",
      "roman": "búdu páčkatʹ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "future",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "па́чкаешь",
      "roman": "páčkaješʹ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "бу́дешь па́чкать",
      "roman": "búdešʹ páčkatʹ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "па́чкает",
      "roman": "páčkajet",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "бу́дет па́чкать",
      "roman": "búdet páčkatʹ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "па́чкаем",
      "roman": "páčkajem",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "plural",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "бу́дем па́чкать",
      "roman": "búdem páčkatʹ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "future",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "па́чкаете",
      "roman": "páčkajete",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "present",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "бу́дете па́чкать",
      "roman": "búdete páčkatʹ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "па́чкают",
      "roman": "páčkajut",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "present",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "бу́дут па́чкать",
      "roman": "búdut páčkatʹ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "па́чкай",
      "roman": "páčkaj",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "па́чкайте",
      "roman": "páčkajte",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "па́чкал",
      "roman": "páčkal",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "past",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "па́чкали",
      "roman": "páčkali",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "past",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "па́чкала",
      "roman": "páčkala",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "past",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "па́чкали",
      "roman": "páčkali",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "past",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "па́чкало",
      "roman": "páčkalo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "neuter",
        "past",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "па́чкали",
      "roman": "páčkali",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "neuter",
        "past",
        "plural"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "па́чкать",
        "2": "impf",
        "pf": "испа́чкать",
        "pf2": "запа́чкать"
      },
      "expansion": "па́чкать • (páčkatʹ) impf (perfective испа́чкать or запа́чкать)",
      "name": "ru-verb"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "impf",
        "2": "1a+p",
        "3": "па́чкать"
      },
      "name": "ru-conj"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Russian",
  "lang_code": "ru",
  "pos": "verb",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "50 50",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with 1 entry",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "to soil, to dirty, to stain"
      ],
      "id": "en-пачкать-ru-verb-BUNjMlYV",
      "links": [
        [
          "soil",
          "soil"
        ],
        [
          "dirty",
          "dirty"
        ],
        [
          "stain",
          "stain"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "50 50",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with 1 entry",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "44 56",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "33 67",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Russian entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "to daub"
      ],
      "id": "en-пачкать-ru-verb-usfoevPM",
      "links": [
        [
          "daub",
          "daub"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "[ˈpat͡ɕkətʲ]"
    }
  ],
  "synonyms": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "roman": "grjaznítʹ",
      "word": "грязни́ть"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "roman": "zagrjaznjátʹ",
      "word": "загрязня́ть"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "roman": "marátʹ",
      "word": "мара́ть"
    }
  ],
  "word": "пачкать"
}
{
  "categories": [
    "Pages with 1 entry",
    "Pages with entries",
    "Russian 2-syllable words",
    "Russian class 1 verbs",
    "Russian class 1a verbs",
    "Russian entries with incorrect language header",
    "Russian imperfective verbs",
    "Russian lemmas",
    "Russian terms with IPA pronunciation",
    "Russian transitive verbs",
    "Russian verbs"
  ],
  "derived": [
    {
      "roman": "páčkatʹsja",
      "tags": [
        "imperfective"
      ],
      "word": "па́чкаться"
    },
    {
      "roman": "výpačkatʹ",
      "tags": [
        "perfective"
      ],
      "word": "вы́пачкать"
    },
    {
      "roman": "výpačkatʹsja",
      "tags": [
        "perfective"
      ],
      "word": "вы́пачкаться"
    },
    {
      "roman": "zapáčkatʹ",
      "tags": [
        "perfective"
      ],
      "word": "запа́чкать"
    },
    {
      "roman": "zapáčkatʹsja",
      "tags": [
        "perfective"
      ],
      "word": "запа́чкаться"
    },
    {
      "roman": "ispáčkatʹ",
      "tags": [
        "perfective"
      ],
      "word": "испа́чкать"
    },
    {
      "roman": "ispáčkatʹsja",
      "tags": [
        "perfective"
      ],
      "word": "испа́чкаться"
    },
    {
      "roman": "napáčkatʹ",
      "tags": [
        "perfective"
      ],
      "word": "напа́чкать"
    },
    {
      "roman": "napáčkatʹsja",
      "tags": [
        "perfective"
      ],
      "word": "напа́чкаться"
    },
    {
      "roman": "obpáčkatʹ",
      "tags": [
        "perfective"
      ],
      "word": "обпа́чкать"
    },
    {
      "roman": "obpáčkatʹsja",
      "tags": [
        "perfective"
      ],
      "word": "обпа́чкаться"
    },
    {
      "roman": "perepáčkatʹ",
      "tags": [
        "perfective"
      ],
      "word": "перепа́чкать"
    },
    {
      "roman": "perepáčkatʹsja",
      "tags": [
        "perfective"
      ],
      "word": "перепа́чкаться"
    },
    {
      "roman": "popáčkatʹ",
      "tags": [
        "perfective"
      ],
      "word": "попа́чкать"
    },
    {
      "roman": "pačkún",
      "word": "пачку́н"
    },
    {
      "roman": "pačkotnjá",
      "word": "пачкотня́"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "pl",
        "2": "paćkać"
      },
      "expansion": "Polish paćkać",
      "name": "cog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Compare Polish paćkać and ciapka.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "па́чкать",
      "tags": [
        "canonical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "páčkatʹ",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "испа́чкать",
      "tags": [
        "perfective"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "запа́чкать",
      "tags": [
        "perfective"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "imperfective transitive",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ru-conj",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "1a imperfective transitive",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "class"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "па́чкать",
      "roman": "páčkatʹ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfective",
        "infinitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "па́чкающий",
      "roman": "páčkajuščij",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "participle",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "па́чкавший",
      "roman": "páčkavšij",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "participle",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "па́чкаемый",
      "roman": "páčkajemyj",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "passive",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "па́чканный",
      "roman": "páčkannyj",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "passive",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "па́чкая",
      "roman": "páčkaja",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "adverbial",
        "participle",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "па́чкав",
      "roman": "páčkav",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "adverbial",
        "participle",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "па́чкавши",
      "roman": "páčkavši",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "adverbial",
        "participle",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "па́чкаю",
      "roman": "páčkaju",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "present",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "бу́ду па́чкать",
      "roman": "búdu páčkatʹ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "future",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "па́чкаешь",
      "roman": "páčkaješʹ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "бу́дешь па́чкать",
      "roman": "búdešʹ páčkatʹ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "па́чкает",
      "roman": "páčkajet",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "бу́дет па́чкать",
      "roman": "búdet páčkatʹ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "па́чкаем",
      "roman": "páčkajem",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "plural",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "бу́дем па́чкать",
      "roman": "búdem páčkatʹ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "future",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "па́чкаете",
      "roman": "páčkajete",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "present",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "бу́дете па́чкать",
      "roman": "búdete páčkatʹ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "па́чкают",
      "roman": "páčkajut",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "present",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "бу́дут па́чкать",
      "roman": "búdut páčkatʹ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "па́чкай",
      "roman": "páčkaj",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "па́чкайте",
      "roman": "páčkajte",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "па́чкал",
      "roman": "páčkal",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "past",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "па́чкали",
      "roman": "páčkali",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "past",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "па́чкала",
      "roman": "páčkala",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "past",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "па́чкали",
      "roman": "páčkali",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "past",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "па́чкало",
      "roman": "páčkalo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "neuter",
        "past",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "па́чкали",
      "roman": "páčkali",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "neuter",
        "past",
        "plural"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "па́чкать",
        "2": "impf",
        "pf": "испа́чкать",
        "pf2": "запа́чкать"
      },
      "expansion": "па́чкать • (páčkatʹ) impf (perfective испа́чкать or запа́чкать)",
      "name": "ru-verb"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "impf",
        "2": "1a+p",
        "3": "па́чкать"
      },
      "name": "ru-conj"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Russian",
  "lang_code": "ru",
  "pos": "verb",
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "to soil, to dirty, to stain"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "soil",
          "soil"
        ],
        [
          "dirty",
          "dirty"
        ],
        [
          "stain",
          "stain"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "to daub"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "daub",
          "daub"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "[ˈpat͡ɕkətʲ]"
    }
  ],
  "synonyms": [
    {
      "roman": "grjaznítʹ",
      "word": "грязни́ть"
    },
    {
      "roman": "zagrjaznjátʹ",
      "word": "загрязня́ть"
    },
    {
      "roman": "marátʹ",
      "word": "мара́ть"
    }
  ],
  "word": "пачкать"
}

Download raw JSONL data for пачкать meaning in Russian (6.6kB)


This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Russian dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-11-06 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-10-02 using wiktextract (fbeafe8 and 7f03c9b). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.