"кума" meaning in Russian

See кума in All languages combined, or Wiktionary

Noun

IPA: [kʊˈma] Audio: Ru-кума.ogg
Etymology: From Latin commater. Head templates: {{ru-noun+|кума́|a=an|dim=ку́мушка|m=кум}} кума́ • (kumá) f anim (genitive кумы́, nominative plural кумы́, genitive plural кум, male equivalent кум, diminutive ку́мушка) Forms: кума́ [animate, canonical, feminine], kumá [romanization], кумы́ [genitive], кумы́ [nominative, plural], кум [genitive, plural], кум [masculine], ку́мушка [diminutive], no-table-tags [table-tags], кума́ [nominative, singular], кумы́ [nominative, plural], кумы́ [genitive, singular], ку́м [genitive, plural], куме́ [dative, singular], кума́м [dative, plural], куму́ [accusative, singular], ку́м [accusative, plural], кумо́й [instrumental, singular], кумо́ю [instrumental, singular], кума́ми [instrumental, plural], куме́ [prepositional, singular], кума́х [plural, prepositional]
  1. female equivalent of кум (kum): godmother of one's child or godchild, or mother of one's godchild Tags: feminine, form-of Form of: кум (extra: (kum): godmother of one's child or godchild, or mother of one's godchild)
    Sense id: en-кума-ru-noun-WjZ9je6i Categories (other): Female family members, Female people Disambiguation of Female family members: 54 39 7 Disambiguation of Female people: 92 8 0
  2. (obsolete) form of address to a middle-aged woman Tags: obsolete
    Sense id: en-кума-ru-noun-xuLxzULA Categories (other): Russian entries with incorrect language header, Russian links with redundant alt parameters, Russian links with redundant wikilinks, Russian nouns with accent pattern b, Russian terms of address, Christianity Disambiguation of Russian entries with incorrect language header: 24 62 14 Disambiguation of Russian links with redundant alt parameters: 41 59 Disambiguation of Russian links with redundant wikilinks: 22 78 Disambiguation of Russian nouns with accent pattern b: 44 56 Disambiguation of Russian terms of address: 10 81 9 Disambiguation of Christianity: 27 44 29
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Derived forms: Proverbs, голо́дной куме́ всё хлеб на уме́ (golódnoj kumé vsjo xleb na umé) Related terms: кумовство́ (kumovstvó) [neuter], кум (kum) [animate, masculine]
Etymology number: 1

Noun

IPA: [ˈkumə] Forms: ку́ма [animate, canonical, masculine], kúma [romanization]
Head templates: {{head|ru|noun form|g=m-an|head=ку́ма}} ку́ма • (kúma) m anim
  1. genitive/accusative singular of кум (kum) Tags: accusative, form-of, genitive, singular Form of: кум (extra: kum)
    Sense id: en-кума-ru-noun-mFcoRnO-
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Etymology number: 2
{
  "derived": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "Proverbs"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "roman": "golódnoj kumé vsjo xleb na umé",
      "word": "голо́дной куме́ всё хлеб на уме́"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_number": "1",
  "etymology_text": "From Latin commater.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "кума́",
      "tags": [
        "animate",
        "canonical",
        "feminine"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kumá",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "кумы́",
      "links": [
        [
          "кумы́",
          "кумы"
        ],
        [
          "кумы́",
          "кумы"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "genitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "кумы́",
      "links": [
        [
          "кумы́",
          "кумы"
        ],
        [
          "кумы́",
          "кумы"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "кум",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "кум",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ку́мушка",
      "links": [
        [
          "ку́мушка",
          "кумушка"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "diminutive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ru-noun-table",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hard-stem",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "class"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "accent-b",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "class"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "кума́",
      "links": [
        [
          "кума́",
          "кума#Russian"
        ]
      ],
      "roman": "kumá",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "кумы́",
      "links": [
        [
          "кумы́",
          "кумы#Russian"
        ]
      ],
      "roman": "kumý",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "кумы́",
      "links": [
        [
          "кумы́",
          "кумы#Russian"
        ]
      ],
      "roman": "kumý",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ку́м",
      "links": [
        [
          "ку́м",
          "кум#Russian"
        ]
      ],
      "roman": "kúm",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "куме́",
      "links": [
        [
          "куме́",
          "куме#Russian"
        ]
      ],
      "roman": "kumé",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "кума́м",
      "links": [
        [
          "кума́м",
          "кумам#Russian"
        ]
      ],
      "roman": "kumám",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "куму́",
      "links": [
        [
          "куму́",
          "куму#Russian"
        ]
      ],
      "roman": "kumú",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ку́м",
      "links": [
        [
          "ку́м",
          "кум#Russian"
        ]
      ],
      "roman": "kúm",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "кумо́й",
      "links": [
        [
          "кумо́й",
          "кумой#Russian"
        ]
      ],
      "roman": "kumój",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "кумо́ю",
      "links": [
        [
          "кумо́ю",
          "кумою#Russian"
        ]
      ],
      "roman": "kumóju",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "кума́ми",
      "links": [
        [
          "кума́ми",
          "кумами#Russian"
        ]
      ],
      "roman": "kumámi",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "куме́",
      "links": [
        [
          "куме́",
          "куме#Russian"
        ]
      ],
      "roman": "kumé",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "prepositional",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "кума́х",
      "links": [
        [
          "кума́х",
          "кумах#Russian"
        ]
      ],
      "roman": "kumáx",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "prepositional"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "кума́",
        "a": "an",
        "dim": "ку́мушка",
        "m": "кум"
      },
      "expansion": "кума́ • (kumá) f anim (genitive кумы́, nominative plural кумы́, genitive plural кум, male equivalent кум, diminutive ку́мушка)",
      "name": "ru-noun+"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Russian",
  "lang_code": "ru",
  "pos": "noun",
  "related": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "roman": "kumovstvó",
      "tags": [
        "neuter"
      ],
      "word": "кумовство́"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "roman": "kum",
      "tags": [
        "animate",
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "кум"
    }
  ],
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "54 39 7",
          "kind": "other",
          "langcode": "ru",
          "name": "Female family members",
          "orig": "ru:Female family members",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "92 8 0",
          "kind": "other",
          "langcode": "ru",
          "name": "Female people",
          "orig": "ru:Female people",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "form_of": [
        {
          "extra": "(kum): godmother of one's child or godchild, or mother of one's godchild",
          "word": "кум"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "female equivalent of кум (kum): godmother of one's child or godchild, or mother of one's godchild"
      ],
      "id": "en-кума-ru-noun-WjZ9je6i",
      "links": [
        [
          "кум",
          "кум#Russian"
        ],
        [
          "godmother",
          "godmother"
        ],
        [
          "godchild",
          "godchild"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "form-of"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "24 62 14",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Russian entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "41 59",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Russian links with redundant alt parameters",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "22 78",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Russian links with redundant wikilinks",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "44 56",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Russian nouns with accent pattern b",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "10 81 9",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Russian terms of address",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "27 44 29",
          "kind": "other",
          "langcode": "ru",
          "name": "Christianity",
          "orig": "ru:Christianity",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "form of address to a middle-aged woman"
      ],
      "id": "en-кума-ru-noun-xuLxzULA",
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(obsolete) form of address to a middle-aged woman"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "obsolete"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "[kʊˈma]"
    },
    {
      "audio": "Ru-кума.ogg",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/4/44/Ru-%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BC%D0%B0.ogg/Ru-%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BC%D0%B0.ogg.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/44/Ru-%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BC%D0%B0.ogg"
    }
  ],
  "word": "кума"
}

{
  "etymology_number": "2",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "ку́ма",
      "tags": [
        "animate",
        "canonical",
        "masculine"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kúma",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ru",
        "2": "noun form",
        "g": "m-an",
        "head": "ку́ма"
      },
      "expansion": "ку́ма • (kúma) m anim",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Russian",
  "lang_code": "ru",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "form_of": [
        {
          "extra": "kum",
          "word": "кум"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "genitive/accusative singular of кум (kum)"
      ],
      "id": "en-кума-ru-noun-mFcoRnO-",
      "links": [
        [
          "кум",
          "кум#Russian"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "form-of",
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "[ˈkumə]"
    }
  ],
  "word": "кума"
}
{
  "categories": [
    "Pages with 2 entries",
    "Pages with entries",
    "Russian 2-syllable words",
    "Russian animate nouns",
    "Russian entries with incorrect language header",
    "Russian feminine nouns",
    "Russian hard-stem feminine-form accent-b nouns",
    "Russian hard-stem feminine-form nouns",
    "Russian lemmas",
    "Russian links with redundant alt parameters",
    "Russian links with redundant wikilinks",
    "Russian non-lemma forms",
    "Russian noun forms",
    "Russian nouns",
    "Russian nouns with accent pattern b",
    "Russian terms of address",
    "Russian terms with IPA pronunciation",
    "ru:Christianity",
    "ru:Female family members",
    "ru:Female people"
  ],
  "derived": [
    {
      "word": "Proverbs"
    },
    {
      "roman": "golódnoj kumé vsjo xleb na umé",
      "word": "голо́дной куме́ всё хлеб на уме́"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_number": "1",
  "etymology_text": "From Latin commater.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "кума́",
      "tags": [
        "animate",
        "canonical",
        "feminine"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kumá",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "кумы́",
      "links": [
        [
          "кумы́",
          "кумы"
        ],
        [
          "кумы́",
          "кумы"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "genitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "кумы́",
      "links": [
        [
          "кумы́",
          "кумы"
        ],
        [
          "кумы́",
          "кумы"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "кум",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "кум",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ку́мушка",
      "links": [
        [
          "ку́мушка",
          "кумушка"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "diminutive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ru-noun-table",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hard-stem",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "class"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "accent-b",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "class"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "кума́",
      "links": [
        [
          "кума́",
          "кума#Russian"
        ]
      ],
      "roman": "kumá",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "кумы́",
      "links": [
        [
          "кумы́",
          "кумы#Russian"
        ]
      ],
      "roman": "kumý",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "кумы́",
      "links": [
        [
          "кумы́",
          "кумы#Russian"
        ]
      ],
      "roman": "kumý",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ку́м",
      "links": [
        [
          "ку́м",
          "кум#Russian"
        ]
      ],
      "roman": "kúm",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "куме́",
      "links": [
        [
          "куме́",
          "куме#Russian"
        ]
      ],
      "roman": "kumé",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "кума́м",
      "links": [
        [
          "кума́м",
          "кумам#Russian"
        ]
      ],
      "roman": "kumám",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "куму́",
      "links": [
        [
          "куму́",
          "куму#Russian"
        ]
      ],
      "roman": "kumú",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ку́м",
      "links": [
        [
          "ку́м",
          "кум#Russian"
        ]
      ],
      "roman": "kúm",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "кумо́й",
      "links": [
        [
          "кумо́й",
          "кумой#Russian"
        ]
      ],
      "roman": "kumój",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "кумо́ю",
      "links": [
        [
          "кумо́ю",
          "кумою#Russian"
        ]
      ],
      "roman": "kumóju",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "кума́ми",
      "links": [
        [
          "кума́ми",
          "кумами#Russian"
        ]
      ],
      "roman": "kumámi",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "куме́",
      "links": [
        [
          "куме́",
          "куме#Russian"
        ]
      ],
      "roman": "kumé",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "prepositional",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "кума́х",
      "links": [
        [
          "кума́х",
          "кумах#Russian"
        ]
      ],
      "roman": "kumáx",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "prepositional"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "кума́",
        "a": "an",
        "dim": "ку́мушка",
        "m": "кум"
      },
      "expansion": "кума́ • (kumá) f anim (genitive кумы́, nominative plural кумы́, genitive plural кум, male equivalent кум, diminutive ку́мушка)",
      "name": "ru-noun+"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Russian",
  "lang_code": "ru",
  "pos": "noun",
  "related": [
    {
      "roman": "kumovstvó",
      "tags": [
        "neuter"
      ],
      "word": "кумовство́"
    },
    {
      "roman": "kum",
      "tags": [
        "animate",
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "кум"
    }
  ],
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "Russian female equivalent nouns"
      ],
      "form_of": [
        {
          "extra": "(kum): godmother of one's child or godchild, or mother of one's godchild",
          "word": "кум"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "female equivalent of кум (kum): godmother of one's child or godchild, or mother of one's godchild"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "кум",
          "кум#Russian"
        ],
        [
          "godmother",
          "godmother"
        ],
        [
          "godchild",
          "godchild"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "form-of"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "Russian terms with obsolete senses"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "form of address to a middle-aged woman"
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(obsolete) form of address to a middle-aged woman"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "obsolete"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "[kʊˈma]"
    },
    {
      "audio": "Ru-кума.ogg",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/4/44/Ru-%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BC%D0%B0.ogg/Ru-%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BC%D0%B0.ogg.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/44/Ru-%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BC%D0%B0.ogg"
    }
  ],
  "word": "кума"
}

{
  "categories": [
    "Pages with 2 entries",
    "Pages with entries",
    "Russian 2-syllable words",
    "Russian entries with incorrect language header",
    "Russian non-lemma forms",
    "Russian noun forms",
    "Russian terms of address",
    "Russian terms with IPA pronunciation",
    "ru:Christianity",
    "ru:Female family members",
    "ru:Female people"
  ],
  "etymology_number": "2",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "ку́ма",
      "tags": [
        "animate",
        "canonical",
        "masculine"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kúma",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ru",
        "2": "noun form",
        "g": "m-an",
        "head": "ку́ма"
      },
      "expansion": "ку́ма • (kúma) m anim",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Russian",
  "lang_code": "ru",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "form_of": [
        {
          "extra": "kum",
          "word": "кум"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "genitive/accusative singular of кум (kum)"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "кум",
          "кум#Russian"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "form-of",
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "[ˈkumə]"
    }
  ],
  "word": "кума"
}

Download raw JSONL data for кума meaning in Russian (6.0kB)


This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Russian dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2026-09-20 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2026-09-02 using wiktextract (d6fca27 and 65e1673). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.