See кал in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
Download JSON data for кал meaning in Russian (5.2kB)
{
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "Inherited"
},
"expansion": "Inherited",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ru",
"2": "orv",
"3": "калъ",
"4": "",
"5": "mud, muddy puddle, scum, sewage",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Old East Slavic калъ (kalŭ, “mud, muddy puddle, scum, sewage”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ru",
"2": "orv",
"3": "калъ",
"gloss": "mud, muddy puddle, scum, sewage"
},
"expansion": "Inherited from Old East Slavic калъ (kalŭ, “mud, muddy puddle, scum, sewage”)",
"name": "inh+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ru",
"2": "sla-pro",
"3": "*kalъ",
"gloss": "mud, swamp"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Slavic *kalъ (“mud, swamp”)",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Old East Slavic калъ (kalŭ, “mud, muddy puddle, scum, sewage”), from Proto-Slavic *kalъ (“mud, swamp”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "kal",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "ка́ла",
"tags": [
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "ка́лы",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ка́лов",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "ru-noun-table",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "hard-stem",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "accent-a",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "ка́л",
"roman": "kál",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ка́лы",
"roman": "kály",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ка́ла",
"roman": "kála",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ка́лов",
"roman": "kálov",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ка́лу",
"roman": "kálu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ка́лам",
"roman": "kálam",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ка́л",
"roman": "kál",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ка́лы",
"roman": "kály",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ка́лом",
"roman": "kálom",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ка́лами",
"roman": "kálami",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ка́ле",
"roman": "kále",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"prepositional",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ка́лах",
"roman": "kálax",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"prepositional"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "кал • (kal) m inan (genitive ка́ла, nominative plural ка́лы, genitive plural ка́лов)",
"name": "ru-noun+"
}
],
"lang": "Russian",
"lang_code": "ru",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Russian links with redundant wikilinks",
"parents": [
"Links with redundant wikilinks",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Russian nouns with accent pattern a",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "97 3",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "ru",
"name": "Feces",
"orig": "ru:Feces",
"parents": [
"Body",
"Toilet (room)",
"Human",
"Hygiene",
"Rooms",
"All topics",
"Health",
"Buildings and structures",
"Fundamental",
"Architecture",
"Applied sciences",
"Art",
"Sciences",
"Culture",
"Society"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"derived": [
{
"roman": "kálovyj",
"word": "ка́ловый"
}
],
"glosses": [
"dung, excrement, feces, poo"
],
"id": "en-кал-ru-noun-cphxeXYZ",
"links": [
[
"dung",
"dung"
],
[
"excrement",
"excrement"
],
[
"feces",
"feces"
],
[
"poo",
"poo"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "испражне́ния"
},
{
"word": "наво́з"
},
{
"word": "помёт"
},
{
"word": "стул"
},
{
"word": "экскреме́нты"
},
{
"word": "фека́лии"
},
{
"roman": "kal",
"word": "калъ — Pre-reform orthography (1918)"
}
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[kaɫ]"
}
],
"word": "кал"
}
{
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ru",
"2": "кало́рия",
"3": "",
"4": "calorie"
},
"expansion": "Abbreviation of кало́рия (kalórija, “calorie”)",
"name": "abbrev"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Abbreviation of кало́рия (kalórija, “calorie”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "kal",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "",
"2": "f-in",
"3": "-"
},
"expansion": "кал • (kal) f inan (indeclinable)",
"name": "ru-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Russian",
"lang_code": "ru",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "12 88",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Russian entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "23 77",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "ru",
"name": "Units of measure",
"orig": "ru:Units of measure",
"parents": [
"Metrology",
"Quantity",
"Applied sciences",
"Mathematics",
"Sciences",
"Formal sciences",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"cal, calorie"
],
"id": "en-кал-ru-noun-XBaoPpEm",
"links": [
[
"cal",
"cal"
],
[
"calorie",
"calorie"
]
],
"tags": [
"indeclinable"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[kɐˈɫorʲɪjə]"
}
],
"word": "кал"
}
{
"categories": [
"Russian 1-syllable words",
"Russian 4-syllable words",
"Russian abbreviations",
"Russian entries with incorrect language header",
"Russian feminine nouns",
"Russian hard-stem masculine-form accent-a nouns",
"Russian hard-stem masculine-form nouns",
"Russian inanimate nouns",
"Russian indeclinable nouns",
"Russian lemmas",
"Russian links with redundant wikilinks",
"Russian masculine nouns",
"Russian nouns",
"Russian nouns with accent pattern a",
"Russian terms derived from Old East Slavic",
"Russian terms derived from Proto-Slavic",
"Russian terms inherited from Old East Slavic",
"Russian terms inherited from Proto-Slavic",
"Russian terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Russian terms with redundant head parameter",
"ru:Feces",
"ru:Units of measure"
],
"derived": [
{
"roman": "kálovyj",
"word": "ка́ловый"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "Inherited"
},
"expansion": "Inherited",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ru",
"2": "orv",
"3": "калъ",
"4": "",
"5": "mud, muddy puddle, scum, sewage",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Old East Slavic калъ (kalŭ, “mud, muddy puddle, scum, sewage”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ru",
"2": "orv",
"3": "калъ",
"gloss": "mud, muddy puddle, scum, sewage"
},
"expansion": "Inherited from Old East Slavic калъ (kalŭ, “mud, muddy puddle, scum, sewage”)",
"name": "inh+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ru",
"2": "sla-pro",
"3": "*kalъ",
"gloss": "mud, swamp"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Slavic *kalъ (“mud, swamp”)",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Old East Slavic калъ (kalŭ, “mud, muddy puddle, scum, sewage”), from Proto-Slavic *kalъ (“mud, swamp”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "kal",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "ка́ла",
"tags": [
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "ка́лы",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ка́лов",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "ru-noun-table",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "hard-stem",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "accent-a",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "ка́л",
"roman": "kál",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ка́лы",
"roman": "kály",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ка́ла",
"roman": "kála",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ка́лов",
"roman": "kálov",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ка́лу",
"roman": "kálu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ка́лам",
"roman": "kálam",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ка́л",
"roman": "kál",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ка́лы",
"roman": "kály",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ка́лом",
"roman": "kálom",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ка́лами",
"roman": "kálami",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ка́ле",
"roman": "kále",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"prepositional",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ка́лах",
"roman": "kálax",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"prepositional"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "кал • (kal) m inan (genitive ка́ла, nominative plural ка́лы, genitive plural ка́лов)",
"name": "ru-noun+"
}
],
"lang": "Russian",
"lang_code": "ru",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"dung, excrement, feces, poo"
],
"links": [
[
"dung",
"dung"
],
[
"excrement",
"excrement"
],
[
"feces",
"feces"
],
[
"poo",
"poo"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "испражне́ния"
},
{
"word": "наво́з"
},
{
"word": "помёт"
},
{
"word": "стул"
},
{
"word": "экскреме́нты"
},
{
"word": "фека́лии"
}
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[kaɫ]"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"roman": "kal",
"word": "калъ — Pre-reform orthography (1918)"
}
],
"word": "кал"
}
{
"categories": [
"Russian 4-syllable words",
"Russian abbreviations",
"Russian entries with incorrect language header",
"Russian feminine nouns",
"Russian inanimate nouns",
"Russian indeclinable nouns",
"Russian lemmas",
"Russian nouns",
"Russian terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Russian terms with redundant head parameter",
"ru:Feces",
"ru:Units of measure"
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ru",
"2": "кало́рия",
"3": "",
"4": "calorie"
},
"expansion": "Abbreviation of кало́рия (kalórija, “calorie”)",
"name": "abbrev"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Abbreviation of кало́рия (kalórija, “calorie”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "kal",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "",
"2": "f-in",
"3": "-"
},
"expansion": "кал • (kal) f inan (indeclinable)",
"name": "ru-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Russian",
"lang_code": "ru",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"cal, calorie"
],
"links": [
[
"cal",
"cal"
],
[
"calorie",
"calorie"
]
],
"tags": [
"indeclinable"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[kɐˈɫorʲɪjə]"
}
],
"word": "кал"
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Russian dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-04-13 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-04-01 using wiktextract (ee658f9 and be4df6b). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.