"же" meaning in Russian

See же in All languages combined, or Wiktionary

Conjunction

IPA: [ʐɨ] Audio: Ru-же.ogg Forms: že [romanization]
Rhymes: -ɛ Etymology: Inherited from Old East Slavic же (že), from Proto-Slavic *že, from Proto-Balto-Slavic *ge, from Proto-Indo-European *ǵʰi. Cognate with Czech že, Ancient Greek γε (ge), Sanskrit हि (hi), Ukrainian ж (ž). Etymology templates: {{glossary|Inherited}} Inherited, {{inh|ru|orv|же|||g=|g2=|g3=|id=|lit=|nocat=|pos=|sc=|sort=|tr=|ts=}} Old East Slavic же (že), {{inh+|ru|orv|же}} Inherited from Old East Slavic же (že), {{inh|ru|sla-pro|*že}} Proto-Slavic *že, {{inh|ru|ine-bsl-pro|*ge}} Proto-Balto-Slavic *ge, {{inh|ru|ine-pro|*gʰe|*ǵʰi}} Proto-Indo-European *ǵʰi, {{cog|cs|že}} Czech že, {{cog|grc|γε}} Ancient Greek γε (ge), {{cog|sa|हि}} Sanskrit हि (hi), {{cog|uk|ж}} Ukrainian ж (ž) Head templates: {{head|ru|conjunction}} же • (že)
  1. (contrasting) and, but
    Sense id: en-же-ru-conj-Q3vaKJIf
  2. on the other hand, whereas, as for, as to
    Sense id: en-же-ru-conj-CPbHuGyI
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Synonyms: ж — senses 3–5 (ž)
Etymology number: 1

Noun

IPA: [ʐɛ] Forms: že [romanization]
Head templates: {{ru-noun|же|n-in|-}} же • (že) n inan (indeclinable)
  1. zhe: The name of the Cyrillic-script letter Ж. Tags: indeclinable Categories (topical): Cyrillic letter names, Latin letter names, Letter names
    Sense id: en-же-ru-noun-wO2Hy~~P Disambiguation of Cyrillic letter names: 0 3 52 11 3 3 14 2 12 Disambiguation of Latin letter names: 0 4 35 15 4 4 19 2 17 Disambiguation of Letter names: 0 4 34 15 4 4 19 3 17
  2. gee: The name of the Latin-script letter G. Tags: indeclinable Synonyms: гэ
    Sense id: en-же-ru-noun-4qqY-X6M
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Synonyms: жэ (žɛ)
Etymology number: 2

Particle

IPA: [ʐɨ] Audio: Ru-же.ogg Forms: že [romanization]
Rhymes: -ɛ Etymology: Inherited from Old East Slavic же (že), from Proto-Slavic *že, from Proto-Balto-Slavic *ge, from Proto-Indo-European *ǵʰi. Cognate with Czech že, Ancient Greek γε (ge), Sanskrit हि (hi), Ukrainian ж (ž). Etymology templates: {{glossary|Inherited}} Inherited, {{inh|ru|orv|же|||g=|g2=|g3=|id=|lit=|nocat=|pos=|sc=|sort=|tr=|ts=}} Old East Slavic же (že), {{inh+|ru|orv|же}} Inherited from Old East Slavic же (že), {{inh|ru|sla-pro|*že}} Proto-Slavic *že, {{inh|ru|ine-bsl-pro|*ge}} Proto-Balto-Slavic *ge, {{inh|ru|ine-pro|*gʰe|*ǵʰi}} Proto-Indo-European *ǵʰi, {{cog|cs|že}} Czech že, {{cog|grc|γε}} Ancient Greek γε (ge), {{cog|sa|हि}} Sanskrit हि (hi), {{cog|uk|ж}} Ukrainian ж (ž) Head templates: {{head|ru|particle}} же • (že)
  1. Emphasises identity: very, same
    Sense id: en-же-ru-particle-iVNge8Ls
  2. With expressions of time and order: emphasises promptitude: very, right, immediately, without delay
    Sense id: en-же-ru-particle-BAByIQVu
  3. Marks an objection by pointing to the rationale behind said objection: after all, but
    Sense id: en-же-ru-particle-l3sCQ1S5
  4. Especially in questions: expresses consequence of or reaction to what was said before: then, so
    Sense id: en-же-ru-particle-d-LE4mxV
  5. In questions and imperatives: imparts a note of insistence and urgency: ever, on earth, for goodness' sake
    Sense id: en-же-ru-particle-wVe1~AXd Categories (other): Russian entries with incorrect language header, Russian particles Disambiguation of Russian entries with incorrect language header: 0 0 16 6 17 16 6 2 36 Disambiguation of Russian particles: 0 2 22 19 5 3 50
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Synonyms: ж — senses 3–5 (ž)
Etymology number: 1

Alternative forms

Download JSON data for же meaning in Russian (11.6kB)

{
  "etymology_number": 1,
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "Inherited"
      },
      "expansion": "Inherited",
      "name": "glossary"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ru",
        "2": "orv",
        "3": "же",
        "4": "",
        "5": "",
        "g": "",
        "g2": "",
        "g3": "",
        "id": "",
        "lit": "",
        "nocat": "",
        "pos": "",
        "sc": "",
        "sort": "",
        "tr": "",
        "ts": ""
      },
      "expansion": "Old East Slavic же (že)",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ru",
        "2": "orv",
        "3": "же"
      },
      "expansion": "Inherited from Old East Slavic же (že)",
      "name": "inh+"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ru",
        "2": "sla-pro",
        "3": "*že"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Slavic *že",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ru",
        "2": "ine-bsl-pro",
        "3": "*ge"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Balto-Slavic *ge",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ru",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*gʰe",
        "4": "*ǵʰi"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *ǵʰi",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "cs",
        "2": "že"
      },
      "expansion": "Czech že",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "grc",
        "2": "γε"
      },
      "expansion": "Ancient Greek γε (ge)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sa",
        "2": "हि"
      },
      "expansion": "Sanskrit हि (hi)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "uk",
        "2": "ж"
      },
      "expansion": "Ukrainian ж (ž)",
      "name": "cog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Inherited from Old East Slavic же (že), from Proto-Slavic *že, from Proto-Balto-Slavic *ge, from Proto-Indo-European *ǵʰi. Cognate with Czech že, Ancient Greek γε (ge), Sanskrit हि (hi), Ukrainian ж (ž).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "že",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ru",
        "2": "conjunction"
      },
      "expansion": "же • (že)",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Russian",
  "lang_code": "ru",
  "pos": "conj",
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "and, but"
      ],
      "id": "en-же-ru-conj-Q3vaKJIf",
      "links": [
        [
          "and",
          "and"
        ],
        [
          "but",
          "but"
        ]
      ],
      "qualifier": "contrasting",
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(contrasting) and, but"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [],
      "examples": [
        {
          "text": "Он—америка́нец, она́ же ру́сская.\nOn—amerikánec, oná že rússkaja.\nHe’s an American; she, on the other hand, is Russian.",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "on the other hand, whereas, as for, as to"
      ],
      "id": "en-же-ru-conj-CPbHuGyI",
      "links": [
        [
          "on the other hand",
          "on the other hand"
        ],
        [
          "whereas",
          "whereas"
        ],
        [
          "as for",
          "as for"
        ],
        [
          "as to",
          "as to"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "[ʐɨ]"
    },
    {
      "rhymes": "-ɛ"
    },
    {
      "audio": "Ru-же.ogg",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/2/2e/Ru-%D0%B6%D0%B5.ogg/Ru-%D0%B6%D0%B5.ogg.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/2e/Ru-%D0%B6%D0%B5.ogg",
      "text": "Audio"
    }
  ],
  "synonyms": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "ž",
      "word": "ж — senses 3–5"
    }
  ],
  "word": "же"
}

{
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "sjd",
            "2": "-шэ",
            "bor": "1",
            "pos": "topic particle"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Kildin Sami: -шэ (-še, topic particle)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Kildin Sami: -шэ (-še, topic particle)"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_number": 1,
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "Inherited"
      },
      "expansion": "Inherited",
      "name": "glossary"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ru",
        "2": "orv",
        "3": "же",
        "4": "",
        "5": "",
        "g": "",
        "g2": "",
        "g3": "",
        "id": "",
        "lit": "",
        "nocat": "",
        "pos": "",
        "sc": "",
        "sort": "",
        "tr": "",
        "ts": ""
      },
      "expansion": "Old East Slavic же (že)",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ru",
        "2": "orv",
        "3": "же"
      },
      "expansion": "Inherited from Old East Slavic же (že)",
      "name": "inh+"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ru",
        "2": "sla-pro",
        "3": "*že"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Slavic *že",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ru",
        "2": "ine-bsl-pro",
        "3": "*ge"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Balto-Slavic *ge",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ru",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*gʰe",
        "4": "*ǵʰi"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *ǵʰi",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "cs",
        "2": "že"
      },
      "expansion": "Czech že",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "grc",
        "2": "γε"
      },
      "expansion": "Ancient Greek γε (ge)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sa",
        "2": "हि"
      },
      "expansion": "Sanskrit हि (hi)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "uk",
        "2": "ж"
      },
      "expansion": "Ukrainian ж (ž)",
      "name": "cog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Inherited from Old East Slavic же (že), from Proto-Slavic *že, from Proto-Balto-Slavic *ge, from Proto-Indo-European *ǵʰi. Cognate with Czech že, Ancient Greek γε (ge), Sanskrit हि (hi), Ukrainian ж (ž).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "že",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ru",
        "2": "particle"
      },
      "expansion": "же • (že)",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Russian",
  "lang_code": "ru",
  "pos": "particle",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [],
      "examples": [
        {
          "text": "тако́й же (са́мый) ― takój že (sámyj) ― the same, similar",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "text": "Я купи́л таку́ю же кни́гу. ― Ja kupíl takúju že knígu. ― I bought the same book.",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "text": "тот же (са́мый) ― tot že (sámyj) ― the same, identical",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "english": "He's always the same!",
          "roman": "On vsjo tot že!",
          "text": "Он всё тот же!",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "english": "It's the same thing.",
          "roman": "Éto tó že sámoje.",
          "text": "Э́то то́ же са́мое.",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Emphasises identity: very, same"
      ],
      "id": "en-же-ru-particle-iVNge8Ls",
      "links": [
        [
          "very",
          "very"
        ],
        [
          "same",
          "same"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "Right on the first page there was a mistake.",
          "roman": "Na pérvoj že straníce bylá ošíbka.",
          "text": "На пе́рвой же страни́це была́ оши́бка.",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "english": "The very next day the work was finished.",
          "roman": "Na slédujuščij že denʹ rabóta bylá gotóva.",
          "text": "На сле́дующий же день рабо́та была́ гото́ва.",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "english": "Stop immediately!",
          "roman": "Prekratíte sejčás že!",
          "text": "Прекрати́те сейча́с же!",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "english": "After dinner she went straight to bed.",
          "roman": "Posle úžina oná srázu že leglá spatʹ.",
          "text": "После у́жина она́ сра́зу же легла́ спать.",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "With expressions of time and order: emphasises promptitude: very, right, immediately, without delay"
      ],
      "id": "en-же-ru-particle-BAByIQVu",
      "links": [
        [
          "very",
          "very"
        ],
        [
          "right",
          "right"
        ],
        [
          "immediately",
          "immediately"
        ],
        [
          "delay",
          "delay"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "Why don't you understand? After all, it’s Russian!",
          "roman": "Počemú vy ne ponimájete? Eto že rússkij!",
          "text": "Почему́ вы не понима́ете? Это же ру́сский!",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "text": "-Я не знал, что за́втра экза́мен. -Я же тебе́ сказа́л! ― -Ja ne znal, što závtra ekzámen. -Ja že tebé skazál! ― -I didn't know the exam was tomorrow. -But I told you!",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Marks an objection by pointing to the rationale behind said objection: after all, but"
      ],
      "id": "en-же-ru-particle-l3sCQ1S5",
      "links": [
        [
          "after all",
          "after all"
        ],
        [
          "but",
          "but"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "What then?",
          "roman": "Što ž?",
          "text": "Что ж?",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "english": "Well then!",
          "roman": "Što ž!",
          "text": "Что ж!",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "english": "When then?",
          "roman": "Kogdá že?",
          "text": "Когда́ же?",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "english": "Where is it then?",
          "roman": "Gde že éto?",
          "text": "Где же э́то?",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "text": "Ну что же? ― Nu što že? ― What of it, then?",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "text": "Ну и что ж? ― Nu i što ž? ― Well, what of it? / So what?",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "english": "So what of it?",
          "roman": "Što ž iz étovo?",
          "text": "Что ж из э́того?",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "english": "Why, he'll just do it himself!",
          "roman": "Što ž, on sam éto sdélajet!",
          "text": "Что ж, он сам э́то сде́лает!",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Especially in questions: expresses consequence of or reaction to what was said before: then, so"
      ],
      "id": "en-же-ru-particle-d-LE4mxV",
      "links": [
        [
          "then",
          "then"
        ],
        [
          "so",
          "so"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "0 0 16 6 17 16 6 2 36",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Russian entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "0 2 22 19 5 3 50",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Russian particles",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "What on earth can he do?",
          "roman": "Što že jemú délatʹ?",
          "text": "Что же ему́ де́лать?",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "english": "Aren’t you going to say anything!",
          "roman": "Govoríte že!",
          "text": "Говори́те же!",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "english": "Answer me then!",
          "roman": "Otvečájte že!",
          "text": "Отвеча́йте же!",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "english": "So come along!",
          "roman": "Pojdjóm že!",
          "text": "Пойдём же!",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "In questions and imperatives: imparts a note of insistence and urgency: ever, on earth, for goodness' sake"
      ],
      "id": "en-же-ru-particle-wVe1~AXd",
      "links": [
        [
          "ever",
          "ever"
        ],
        [
          "on earth",
          "on earth"
        ],
        [
          "for goodness' sake",
          "for goodness' sake"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "[ʐɨ]"
    },
    {
      "rhymes": "-ɛ"
    },
    {
      "audio": "Ru-же.ogg",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/2/2e/Ru-%D0%B6%D0%B5.ogg/Ru-%D0%B6%D0%B5.ogg.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/2e/Ru-%D0%B6%D0%B5.ogg",
      "text": "Audio"
    }
  ],
  "synonyms": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "ž",
      "word": "ж — senses 3–5"
    }
  ],
  "word": "же"
}

{
  "etymology_number": 2,
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "že",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "же",
        "2": "n-in",
        "3": "-"
      },
      "expansion": "же • (že) n inan (indeclinable)",
      "name": "ru-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Russian",
  "lang_code": "ru",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "0 3 52 11 3 3 14 2 12",
          "kind": "topical",
          "langcode": "ru",
          "name": "Cyrillic letter names",
          "orig": "ru:Cyrillic letter names",
          "parents": [
            "Letter names",
            "Letters, symbols, and punctuation",
            "Names",
            "Orthography",
            "All topics",
            "Proper nouns",
            "Terms by semantic function",
            "Writing",
            "Fundamental",
            "Nouns",
            "Human behaviour",
            "Language",
            "Lemmas",
            "Human",
            "Communication"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "0 4 35 15 4 4 19 2 17",
          "kind": "topical",
          "langcode": "ru",
          "name": "Latin letter names",
          "orig": "ru:Latin letter names",
          "parents": [
            "Letter names",
            "Letters, symbols, and punctuation",
            "Names",
            "Orthography",
            "All topics",
            "Proper nouns",
            "Terms by semantic function",
            "Writing",
            "Fundamental",
            "Nouns",
            "Human behaviour",
            "Language",
            "Lemmas",
            "Human",
            "Communication"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "0 4 34 15 4 4 19 3 17",
          "kind": "topical",
          "langcode": "ru",
          "name": "Letter names",
          "orig": "ru:Letter names",
          "parents": [
            "Letters, symbols, and punctuation",
            "Names",
            "Orthography",
            "All topics",
            "Proper nouns",
            "Terms by semantic function",
            "Writing",
            "Fundamental",
            "Nouns",
            "Human behaviour",
            "Language",
            "Lemmas",
            "Human",
            "Communication"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "zhe: The name of the Cyrillic-script letter Ж."
      ],
      "id": "en-же-ru-noun-wO2Hy~~P",
      "links": [
        [
          "zhe",
          "zhe"
        ],
        [
          "Cyrillic-script",
          "Appendix:Cyrillic script#English"
        ],
        [
          "Ж",
          "ж#Russian"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "indeclinable"
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "gee: The name of the Latin-script letter G."
      ],
      "id": "en-же-ru-noun-4qqY-X6M",
      "links": [
        [
          "gee",
          "gee"
        ],
        [
          "Latin-script",
          "Appendix:Latin script#English"
        ],
        [
          "G",
          "G"
        ]
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "гэ"
        }
      ],
      "tags": [
        "indeclinable"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "[ʐɛ]"
    }
  ],
  "synonyms": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "roman": "žɛ",
      "word": "жэ"
    }
  ],
  "word": "же"
}
{
  "categories": [
    "Rhymes:Russian/ɛ",
    "Rhymes:Russian/ɛ/1 syllable",
    "Russian 1-syllable words",
    "Russian conjunctions",
    "Russian entries with incorrect language header",
    "Russian inanimate nouns",
    "Russian indeclinable nouns",
    "Russian lemmas",
    "Russian neuter nouns",
    "Russian nouns",
    "Russian particles",
    "Russian terms derived from Old East Slavic",
    "Russian terms derived from Proto-Balto-Slavic",
    "Russian terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
    "Russian terms derived from Proto-Slavic",
    "Russian terms inherited from Old East Slavic",
    "Russian terms inherited from Proto-Balto-Slavic",
    "Russian terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European",
    "Russian terms inherited from Proto-Slavic",
    "Russian terms with IPA pronunciation",
    "Russian terms with audio links",
    "Russian terms with redundant head parameter",
    "ru:Cyrillic letter names",
    "ru:Latin letter names",
    "ru:Letter names"
  ],
  "etymology_number": 1,
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "Inherited"
      },
      "expansion": "Inherited",
      "name": "glossary"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ru",
        "2": "orv",
        "3": "же",
        "4": "",
        "5": "",
        "g": "",
        "g2": "",
        "g3": "",
        "id": "",
        "lit": "",
        "nocat": "",
        "pos": "",
        "sc": "",
        "sort": "",
        "tr": "",
        "ts": ""
      },
      "expansion": "Old East Slavic же (že)",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ru",
        "2": "orv",
        "3": "же"
      },
      "expansion": "Inherited from Old East Slavic же (že)",
      "name": "inh+"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ru",
        "2": "sla-pro",
        "3": "*že"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Slavic *že",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ru",
        "2": "ine-bsl-pro",
        "3": "*ge"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Balto-Slavic *ge",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ru",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*gʰe",
        "4": "*ǵʰi"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *ǵʰi",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "cs",
        "2": "že"
      },
      "expansion": "Czech že",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "grc",
        "2": "γε"
      },
      "expansion": "Ancient Greek γε (ge)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sa",
        "2": "हि"
      },
      "expansion": "Sanskrit हि (hi)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "uk",
        "2": "ж"
      },
      "expansion": "Ukrainian ж (ž)",
      "name": "cog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Inherited from Old East Slavic же (že), from Proto-Slavic *že, from Proto-Balto-Slavic *ge, from Proto-Indo-European *ǵʰi. Cognate with Czech že, Ancient Greek γε (ge), Sanskrit हि (hi), Ukrainian ж (ž).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "že",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ru",
        "2": "conjunction"
      },
      "expansion": "же • (že)",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Russian",
  "lang_code": "ru",
  "pos": "conj",
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "and, but"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "and",
          "and"
        ],
        [
          "but",
          "but"
        ]
      ],
      "qualifier": "contrasting",
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(contrasting) and, but"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "Russian terms with usage examples"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "text": "Он—америка́нец, она́ же ру́сская.\nOn—amerikánec, oná že rússkaja.\nHe’s an American; she, on the other hand, is Russian.",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "on the other hand, whereas, as for, as to"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "on the other hand",
          "on the other hand"
        ],
        [
          "whereas",
          "whereas"
        ],
        [
          "as for",
          "as for"
        ],
        [
          "as to",
          "as to"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "[ʐɨ]"
    },
    {
      "rhymes": "-ɛ"
    },
    {
      "audio": "Ru-же.ogg",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/2/2e/Ru-%D0%B6%D0%B5.ogg/Ru-%D0%B6%D0%B5.ogg.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/2e/Ru-%D0%B6%D0%B5.ogg",
      "text": "Audio"
    }
  ],
  "synonyms": [
    {
      "roman": "ž",
      "word": "ж — senses 3–5"
    }
  ],
  "word": "же"
}

{
  "categories": [
    "Rhymes:Russian/ɛ",
    "Rhymes:Russian/ɛ/1 syllable",
    "Russian 1-syllable words",
    "Russian conjunctions",
    "Russian entries with incorrect language header",
    "Russian inanimate nouns",
    "Russian indeclinable nouns",
    "Russian lemmas",
    "Russian neuter nouns",
    "Russian nouns",
    "Russian particles",
    "Russian terms derived from Old East Slavic",
    "Russian terms derived from Proto-Balto-Slavic",
    "Russian terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
    "Russian terms derived from Proto-Slavic",
    "Russian terms inherited from Old East Slavic",
    "Russian terms inherited from Proto-Balto-Slavic",
    "Russian terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European",
    "Russian terms inherited from Proto-Slavic",
    "Russian terms with IPA pronunciation",
    "Russian terms with audio links",
    "Russian terms with redundant head parameter",
    "ru:Cyrillic letter names",
    "ru:Latin letter names",
    "ru:Letter names"
  ],
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "sjd",
            "2": "-шэ",
            "bor": "1",
            "pos": "topic particle"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Kildin Sami: -шэ (-še, topic particle)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Kildin Sami: -шэ (-še, topic particle)"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_number": 1,
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "Inherited"
      },
      "expansion": "Inherited",
      "name": "glossary"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ru",
        "2": "orv",
        "3": "же",
        "4": "",
        "5": "",
        "g": "",
        "g2": "",
        "g3": "",
        "id": "",
        "lit": "",
        "nocat": "",
        "pos": "",
        "sc": "",
        "sort": "",
        "tr": "",
        "ts": ""
      },
      "expansion": "Old East Slavic же (že)",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ru",
        "2": "orv",
        "3": "же"
      },
      "expansion": "Inherited from Old East Slavic же (že)",
      "name": "inh+"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ru",
        "2": "sla-pro",
        "3": "*že"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Slavic *že",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ru",
        "2": "ine-bsl-pro",
        "3": "*ge"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Balto-Slavic *ge",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ru",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*gʰe",
        "4": "*ǵʰi"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *ǵʰi",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "cs",
        "2": "že"
      },
      "expansion": "Czech že",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "grc",
        "2": "γε"
      },
      "expansion": "Ancient Greek γε (ge)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sa",
        "2": "हि"
      },
      "expansion": "Sanskrit हि (hi)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "uk",
        "2": "ж"
      },
      "expansion": "Ukrainian ж (ž)",
      "name": "cog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Inherited from Old East Slavic же (že), from Proto-Slavic *že, from Proto-Balto-Slavic *ge, from Proto-Indo-European *ǵʰi. Cognate with Czech že, Ancient Greek γε (ge), Sanskrit हि (hi), Ukrainian ж (ž).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "že",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ru",
        "2": "particle"
      },
      "expansion": "же • (že)",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Russian",
  "lang_code": "ru",
  "pos": "particle",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "Russian terms with usage examples"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "text": "тако́й же (са́мый) ― takój že (sámyj) ― the same, similar",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "text": "Я купи́л таку́ю же кни́гу. ― Ja kupíl takúju že knígu. ― I bought the same book.",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "text": "тот же (са́мый) ― tot že (sámyj) ― the same, identical",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "english": "He's always the same!",
          "roman": "On vsjo tot že!",
          "text": "Он всё тот же!",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "english": "It's the same thing.",
          "roman": "Éto tó že sámoje.",
          "text": "Э́то то́ же са́мое.",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Emphasises identity: very, same"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "very",
          "very"
        ],
        [
          "same",
          "same"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "Russian terms with usage examples"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "Right on the first page there was a mistake.",
          "roman": "Na pérvoj že straníce bylá ošíbka.",
          "text": "На пе́рвой же страни́це была́ оши́бка.",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "english": "The very next day the work was finished.",
          "roman": "Na slédujuščij že denʹ rabóta bylá gotóva.",
          "text": "На сле́дующий же день рабо́та была́ гото́ва.",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "english": "Stop immediately!",
          "roman": "Prekratíte sejčás že!",
          "text": "Прекрати́те сейча́с же!",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "english": "After dinner she went straight to bed.",
          "roman": "Posle úžina oná srázu že leglá spatʹ.",
          "text": "После у́жина она́ сра́зу же легла́ спать.",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "With expressions of time and order: emphasises promptitude: very, right, immediately, without delay"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "very",
          "very"
        ],
        [
          "right",
          "right"
        ],
        [
          "immediately",
          "immediately"
        ],
        [
          "delay",
          "delay"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "Russian terms with usage examples"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "Why don't you understand? After all, it’s Russian!",
          "roman": "Počemú vy ne ponimájete? Eto že rússkij!",
          "text": "Почему́ вы не понима́ете? Это же ру́сский!",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "text": "-Я не знал, что за́втра экза́мен. -Я же тебе́ сказа́л! ― -Ja ne znal, što závtra ekzámen. -Ja že tebé skazál! ― -I didn't know the exam was tomorrow. -But I told you!",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Marks an objection by pointing to the rationale behind said objection: after all, but"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "after all",
          "after all"
        ],
        [
          "but",
          "but"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "Russian terms with usage examples"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "What then?",
          "roman": "Što ž?",
          "text": "Что ж?",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "english": "Well then!",
          "roman": "Što ž!",
          "text": "Что ж!",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "english": "When then?",
          "roman": "Kogdá že?",
          "text": "Когда́ же?",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "english": "Where is it then?",
          "roman": "Gde že éto?",
          "text": "Где же э́то?",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "text": "Ну что же? ― Nu što že? ― What of it, then?",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "text": "Ну и что ж? ― Nu i što ž? ― Well, what of it? / So what?",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "english": "So what of it?",
          "roman": "Što ž iz étovo?",
          "text": "Что ж из э́того?",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "english": "Why, he'll just do it himself!",
          "roman": "Što ž, on sam éto sdélajet!",
          "text": "Что ж, он сам э́то сде́лает!",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Especially in questions: expresses consequence of or reaction to what was said before: then, so"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "then",
          "then"
        ],
        [
          "so",
          "so"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "Russian terms with usage examples"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "What on earth can he do?",
          "roman": "Što že jemú délatʹ?",
          "text": "Что же ему́ де́лать?",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "english": "Aren’t you going to say anything!",
          "roman": "Govoríte že!",
          "text": "Говори́те же!",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "english": "Answer me then!",
          "roman": "Otvečájte že!",
          "text": "Отвеча́йте же!",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "english": "So come along!",
          "roman": "Pojdjóm že!",
          "text": "Пойдём же!",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "In questions and imperatives: imparts a note of insistence and urgency: ever, on earth, for goodness' sake"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "ever",
          "ever"
        ],
        [
          "on earth",
          "on earth"
        ],
        [
          "for goodness' sake",
          "for goodness' sake"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "[ʐɨ]"
    },
    {
      "rhymes": "-ɛ"
    },
    {
      "audio": "Ru-же.ogg",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/2/2e/Ru-%D0%B6%D0%B5.ogg/Ru-%D0%B6%D0%B5.ogg.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/2e/Ru-%D0%B6%D0%B5.ogg",
      "text": "Audio"
    }
  ],
  "synonyms": [
    {
      "roman": "ž",
      "word": "ж — senses 3–5"
    }
  ],
  "word": "же"
}

{
  "categories": [
    "Russian 1-syllable words",
    "Russian entries with incorrect language header",
    "Russian inanimate nouns",
    "Russian indeclinable nouns",
    "Russian lemmas",
    "Russian neuter nouns",
    "Russian nouns",
    "Russian terms with IPA pronunciation",
    "Russian terms with redundant head parameter",
    "ru:Cyrillic letter names",
    "ru:Latin letter names",
    "ru:Letter names"
  ],
  "etymology_number": 2,
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "že",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "же",
        "2": "n-in",
        "3": "-"
      },
      "expansion": "же • (že) n inan (indeclinable)",
      "name": "ru-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Russian",
  "lang_code": "ru",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "zhe: The name of the Cyrillic-script letter Ж."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "zhe",
          "zhe"
        ],
        [
          "Cyrillic-script",
          "Appendix:Cyrillic script#English"
        ],
        [
          "Ж",
          "ж#Russian"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "indeclinable"
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "gee: The name of the Latin-script letter G."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "gee",
          "gee"
        ],
        [
          "Latin-script",
          "Appendix:Latin script#English"
        ],
        [
          "G",
          "G"
        ]
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "гэ"
        }
      ],
      "tags": [
        "indeclinable"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "[ʐɛ]"
    }
  ],
  "synonyms": [
    {
      "roman": "žɛ",
      "word": "жэ"
    }
  ],
  "word": "же"
}

This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Russian dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-04-22 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-04-21 using wiktextract (fc4f0c7 and c937495). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.