See -тирать in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
Download JSON data for -тирать meaning in Russian (8.5kB)
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ru",
"2": "sla-pro",
"3": "-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Slavic",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "",
"3": "*-tьr-"
},
"expansion": "*-tьr-",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "",
"3": "*tьrǫ"
},
"expansion": "*tьrǫ",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "*terti"
},
"expansion": "*terti",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ru",
"2": "-а́ть"
},
"expansion": "-а́ть (-átʹ)",
"name": "affix"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ru",
"2": "-о-"
},
"expansion": "-о-",
"name": "lang"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ru",
"2": "-а-"
},
"expansion": "-а-",
"name": "lang"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ru",
"2": "-ывать"
},
"expansion": "-ывать (-yvatʹ)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ru",
"2": "-ивать"
},
"expansion": "-ивать (-ivatʹ)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ru",
"2": "осмотре́ть",
"3": "",
"4": "to examine",
"g": "pf"
},
"expansion": "осмотре́ть pf (osmotrétʹ, “to examine”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ru",
"2": "осма́тривать",
"g": "impf"
},
"expansion": "осма́тривать impf (osmátrivatʹ)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ru",
"2": "отбро́сить",
"3": "",
"4": "to throw away",
"g": "pf"
},
"expansion": "отбро́сить pf (otbrósitʹ, “to throw away”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ru",
"2": "отбра́сывать",
"g": "impf"
},
"expansion": "отбра́сывать impf (otbrásyvatʹ)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ru",
"2": "приколо́ть",
"3": "",
"4": "to pin",
"g": "pf"
},
"expansion": "приколо́ть pf (prikolótʹ, “to pin”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ru",
"2": "прика́лывать",
"g": "impf"
},
"expansion": "прика́лывать impf (prikályvatʹ)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "Similar lengthening accounts for the change -о- → -а- in imperfective derivations in -ывать (-yvatʹ) and -ивать (-ivatʹ), e.g.\n* осмотре́ть pf (osmotrétʹ, “to examine”) → осма́тривать impf (osmátrivatʹ),\n* отбро́сить pf (otbrósitʹ, “to throw away”) → отбра́сывать impf (otbrásyvatʹ),\n* приколо́ть pf (prikolótʹ, “to pin”) → прика́лывать impf (prikályvatʹ).",
"name": "ru-cform-impfv-length"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From imperfective lengthening of the perfective Proto-Slavic stem *-tьr- (cf. first singular *tьrǫ of *terti) + -а́ть (-átʹ). Similar lengthening accounts for the change -о- → -а- in imperfective derivations in -ывать (-yvatʹ) and -ивать (-ivatʹ), e.g.\n* осмотре́ть pf (osmotrétʹ, “to examine”) → осма́тривать impf (osmátrivatʹ),\n* отбро́сить pf (otbrósitʹ, “to throw away”) → отбра́сывать impf (otbrásyvatʹ),\n* приколо́ть pf (prikolótʹ, “to pin”) → прика́лывать impf (prikályvatʹ).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "-тира́ть",
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "-tirátʹ",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "-тере́ть",
"tags": [
"perfective"
]
},
{
"form": "imperfective transitive",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "ru-conj",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "1a imperfective transitive",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "-тира́ть",
"roman": "-tirátʹ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperfective",
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "-тира́ющий",
"roman": "-tirájuščij",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "-тира́вший",
"roman": "-tirávšij",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "-тира́емый",
"roman": "-tirájemyj",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"passive",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"passive",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "-тира́я",
"roman": "-tirája",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"adverbial",
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "-тира́в",
"roman": "-tiráv",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"adverbial",
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "-тира́вши",
"roman": "-tirávši",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"adverbial",
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "-тира́ю",
"roman": "-tiráju",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "бу́ду -тира́ть",
"roman": "búdu -tirátʹ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"future",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-тира́ешь",
"roman": "-tiráješʹ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "бу́дешь -тира́ть",
"roman": "búdešʹ -tirátʹ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-тира́ет",
"roman": "-tirájet",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "бу́дет -тира́ть",
"roman": "búdet -tirátʹ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-тира́ем",
"roman": "-tirájem",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "бу́дем -тира́ть",
"roman": "búdem -tirátʹ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"future",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-тира́ете",
"roman": "-tirájete",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "бу́дете -тира́ть",
"roman": "búdete -tirátʹ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-тира́ют",
"roman": "-tirájut",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "бу́дут -тира́ть",
"roman": "búdut -tirátʹ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-тира́й",
"roman": "-tiráj",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-тира́йте",
"roman": "-tirájte",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-тира́л",
"roman": "-tirál",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-тира́ли",
"roman": "-tiráli",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-тира́ла",
"roman": "-tirála",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-тира́ли",
"roman": "-tiráli",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-тира́ло",
"roman": "-tirálo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-тира́ли",
"roman": "-tiráli",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"past",
"plural"
]
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "impf",
"2": "1a",
"3": "-тира́ть"
},
"name": "ru-conj"
}
],
"lang": "Russian",
"lang_code": "ru",
"pos": "combining_form",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Russian entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Russian terms suffixed with -ать",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "протере́ть pf (proterétʹ) → протира́ть impf (protirátʹ)"
},
{
"text": "стере́ть pf (sterétʹ) → стира́ть impf (stirátʹ)"
},
{
"text": "вы́тереть pf (výteretʹ) → вытира́ть impf (vytirátʹ)"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Combining form used to form imperfective counterparts of prefixed derivatives of тере́ть (terétʹ, “to rub, to grate”)."
],
"id": "en--тирать-ru-combining_form-c~a6TgZx",
"links": [
[
"тере́ть",
"тереть#Russian"
],
[
"rub",
"rub#English"
],
[
"grate",
"grate#English"
]
],
"related": [
{
"roman": "merétʹ",
"word": "мере́ть"
},
{
"roman": "-mirátʹ",
"word": "-мира́ть"
},
{
"roman": "perétʹ",
"word": "пере́ть"
},
{
"roman": "-pirátʹ",
"word": "-пира́ть"
},
{
"roman": "bratʹ",
"word": "брать"
},
{
"roman": "-birátʹ",
"word": "-бира́ть"
},
{
"roman": "rvatʹ",
"word": "рвать"
},
{
"roman": "-ryvátʹ",
"word": "-рыва́ть"
},
{
"roman": "slatʹ",
"word": "слать"
},
{
"roman": "-sylátʹ",
"word": "-сыла́ть"
},
{
"alt": "present tense жму (žmu)",
"english": "to squeeze",
"roman": "žatʹ",
"word": "жать"
},
{
"roman": "-žimátʹ",
"word": "-жима́ть"
},
{
"alt": "present tense жну (žnu)",
"english": "to reap",
"roman": "žatʹ",
"word": "жать"
},
{
"roman": "-žinátʹ",
"word": "-жина́ть"
}
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[tʲɪˈratʲ]"
}
],
"word": "-тирать"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ru",
"2": "sla-pro",
"3": "-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Slavic",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "",
"3": "*-tьr-"
},
"expansion": "*-tьr-",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "",
"3": "*tьrǫ"
},
"expansion": "*tьrǫ",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "*terti"
},
"expansion": "*terti",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ru",
"2": "-а́ть"
},
"expansion": "-а́ть (-átʹ)",
"name": "affix"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ru",
"2": "-о-"
},
"expansion": "-о-",
"name": "lang"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ru",
"2": "-а-"
},
"expansion": "-а-",
"name": "lang"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ru",
"2": "-ывать"
},
"expansion": "-ывать (-yvatʹ)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ru",
"2": "-ивать"
},
"expansion": "-ивать (-ivatʹ)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ru",
"2": "осмотре́ть",
"3": "",
"4": "to examine",
"g": "pf"
},
"expansion": "осмотре́ть pf (osmotrétʹ, “to examine”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ru",
"2": "осма́тривать",
"g": "impf"
},
"expansion": "осма́тривать impf (osmátrivatʹ)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ru",
"2": "отбро́сить",
"3": "",
"4": "to throw away",
"g": "pf"
},
"expansion": "отбро́сить pf (otbrósitʹ, “to throw away”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ru",
"2": "отбра́сывать",
"g": "impf"
},
"expansion": "отбра́сывать impf (otbrásyvatʹ)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ru",
"2": "приколо́ть",
"3": "",
"4": "to pin",
"g": "pf"
},
"expansion": "приколо́ть pf (prikolótʹ, “to pin”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ru",
"2": "прика́лывать",
"g": "impf"
},
"expansion": "прика́лывать impf (prikályvatʹ)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "Similar lengthening accounts for the change -о- → -а- in imperfective derivations in -ывать (-yvatʹ) and -ивать (-ivatʹ), e.g.\n* осмотре́ть pf (osmotrétʹ, “to examine”) → осма́тривать impf (osmátrivatʹ),\n* отбро́сить pf (otbrósitʹ, “to throw away”) → отбра́сывать impf (otbrásyvatʹ),\n* приколо́ть pf (prikolótʹ, “to pin”) → прика́лывать impf (prikályvatʹ).",
"name": "ru-cform-impfv-length"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From imperfective lengthening of the perfective Proto-Slavic stem *-tьr- (cf. first singular *tьrǫ of *terti) + -а́ть (-átʹ). Similar lengthening accounts for the change -о- → -а- in imperfective derivations in -ывать (-yvatʹ) and -ивать (-ivatʹ), e.g.\n* осмотре́ть pf (osmotrétʹ, “to examine”) → осма́тривать impf (osmátrivatʹ),\n* отбро́сить pf (otbrósitʹ, “to throw away”) → отбра́сывать impf (otbrásyvatʹ),\n* приколо́ть pf (prikolótʹ, “to pin”) → прика́лывать impf (prikályvatʹ).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "-тира́ть",
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "-tirátʹ",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "-тере́ть",
"tags": [
"perfective"
]
},
{
"form": "imperfective transitive",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "ru-conj",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "1a imperfective transitive",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "-тира́ть",
"roman": "-tirátʹ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperfective",
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "-тира́ющий",
"roman": "-tirájuščij",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "-тира́вший",
"roman": "-tirávšij",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "-тира́емый",
"roman": "-tirájemyj",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"passive",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"passive",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "-тира́я",
"roman": "-tirája",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"adverbial",
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "-тира́в",
"roman": "-tiráv",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"adverbial",
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "-тира́вши",
"roman": "-tirávši",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"adverbial",
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "-тира́ю",
"roman": "-tiráju",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "бу́ду -тира́ть",
"roman": "búdu -tirátʹ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"future",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-тира́ешь",
"roman": "-tiráješʹ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "бу́дешь -тира́ть",
"roman": "búdešʹ -tirátʹ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-тира́ет",
"roman": "-tirájet",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "бу́дет -тира́ть",
"roman": "búdet -tirátʹ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-тира́ем",
"roman": "-tirájem",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "бу́дем -тира́ть",
"roman": "búdem -tirátʹ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"future",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-тира́ете",
"roman": "-tirájete",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "бу́дете -тира́ть",
"roman": "búdete -tirátʹ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-тира́ют",
"roman": "-tirájut",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "бу́дут -тира́ть",
"roman": "búdut -tirátʹ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-тира́й",
"roman": "-tiráj",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-тира́йте",
"roman": "-tirájte",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-тира́л",
"roman": "-tirál",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-тира́ли",
"roman": "-tiráli",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-тира́ла",
"roman": "-tirála",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-тира́ли",
"roman": "-tiráli",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-тира́ло",
"roman": "-tirálo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-тира́ли",
"roman": "-tiráli",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"past",
"plural"
]
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "impf",
"2": "1a",
"3": "-тира́ть"
},
"name": "ru-conj"
}
],
"lang": "Russian",
"lang_code": "ru",
"pos": "combining_form",
"related": [
{
"roman": "merétʹ",
"word": "мере́ть"
},
{
"roman": "-mirátʹ",
"word": "-мира́ть"
},
{
"roman": "perétʹ",
"word": "пере́ть"
},
{
"roman": "-pirátʹ",
"word": "-пира́ть"
},
{
"roman": "bratʹ",
"word": "брать"
},
{
"roman": "-birátʹ",
"word": "-бира́ть"
},
{
"roman": "rvatʹ",
"word": "рвать"
},
{
"roman": "-ryvátʹ",
"word": "-рыва́ть"
},
{
"roman": "slatʹ",
"word": "слать"
},
{
"roman": "-sylátʹ",
"word": "-сыла́ть"
},
{
"alt": "present tense жму (žmu)",
"english": "to squeeze",
"roman": "žatʹ",
"word": "жать"
},
{
"roman": "-žimátʹ",
"word": "-жима́ть"
},
{
"alt": "present tense жну (žnu)",
"english": "to reap",
"roman": "žatʹ",
"word": "жать"
},
{
"roman": "-žinátʹ",
"word": "-жина́ть"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Russian 2-syllable words",
"Russian class 1 verbs",
"Russian class 1a verbs",
"Russian entries with incorrect language header",
"Russian imperfective verbs",
"Russian lemmas",
"Russian terms derived from Proto-Slavic",
"Russian terms suffixed with -ать",
"Russian terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Russian transitive verbs",
"Russian verbal combining forms",
"Russian verbs"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "протере́ть pf (proterétʹ) → протира́ть impf (protirátʹ)"
},
{
"text": "стере́ть pf (sterétʹ) → стира́ть impf (stirátʹ)"
},
{
"text": "вы́тереть pf (výteretʹ) → вытира́ть impf (vytirátʹ)"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Combining form used to form imperfective counterparts of prefixed derivatives of тере́ть (terétʹ, “to rub, to grate”)."
],
"links": [
[
"тере́ть",
"тереть#Russian"
],
[
"rub",
"rub#English"
],
[
"grate",
"grate#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[tʲɪˈratʲ]"
}
],
"word": "-тирать"
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Russian dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-04-22 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-04-21 using wiktextract (fc4f0c7 and c937495). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.