"-ль" meaning in Russian

See -ль in All languages combined, or Wiktionary

Suffix

Etymology: Inherited from Proto-Slavic *-lь, from *-lъ + *-ь. Compare -ель (-elʹ), -лый (-lyj). Etymology templates: {{glossary|Inherited}} Inherited, {{inh|ru|sla-pro|*-lь|||g=|g2=|g3=|id=|lit=|nocat=|pos=|sc=|sort=|tr=|ts=}} Proto-Slavic *-lь, {{inh+|ru|sla-pro|*-lь}} Inherited from Proto-Slavic *-lь, {{af|sla-pro|*-lъ|*-ь|nocat=1}} *-lъ + *-ь, {{m|ru|-ель}} -ель (-elʹ), {{m|ru|-лый}} -лый (-lyj) Head templates: {{head|ru|suffix|cat2=noun-forming suffixes|g=f}} -ль • (-lʹ) f Forms: -lʹ [romanization], -ль [nominative, singular], -ли [nominative, plural], -ли [genitive, singular], -лей [genitive, plural], -ли [dative, singular], -лям [dative, plural], -ль [accusative, singular], -ли [accusative, plural], -лью [instrumental, singular], -лями [instrumental, plural], -ли [prepositional, singular], -лях [plural, prepositional]
  1. Unproductive suffix forming action nouns Tags: morpheme Related terms: -ель (-elʹ), -аль (-alʹ), -лый (-lyj)
    Sense id: en--ль-ru-suffix-KBXW96UB

Download JSON data for -ль meaning in Russian (3.1kB)

{
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "Inherited"
      },
      "expansion": "Inherited",
      "name": "glossary"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ru",
        "2": "sla-pro",
        "3": "*-lь",
        "4": "",
        "5": "",
        "g": "",
        "g2": "",
        "g3": "",
        "id": "",
        "lit": "",
        "nocat": "",
        "pos": "",
        "sc": "",
        "sort": "",
        "tr": "",
        "ts": ""
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Slavic *-lь",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ru",
        "2": "sla-pro",
        "3": "*-lь"
      },
      "expansion": "Inherited from Proto-Slavic *-lь",
      "name": "inh+"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sla-pro",
        "2": "*-lъ",
        "3": "*-ь",
        "nocat": "1"
      },
      "expansion": "*-lъ + *-ь",
      "name": "af"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ru",
        "2": "-ель"
      },
      "expansion": "-ель (-elʹ)",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ru",
        "2": "-лый"
      },
      "expansion": "-лый (-lyj)",
      "name": "m"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Inherited from Proto-Slavic *-lь, from *-lъ + *-ь. Compare -ель (-elʹ), -лый (-lyj).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "-lʹ",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ru-noun-table",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "accent-a",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "class"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-ль",
      "roman": "-lʹ",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-ли",
      "roman": "-li",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-ли",
      "roman": "-li",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-лей",
      "roman": "-lej",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-ли",
      "roman": "-li",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-лям",
      "roman": "-ljam",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-ль",
      "roman": "-lʹ",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-ли",
      "roman": "-li",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-лью",
      "roman": "-lʹju",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-лями",
      "roman": "-ljami",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-ли",
      "roman": "-li",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "prepositional",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-лях",
      "roman": "-ljax",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "prepositional"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ru",
        "2": "suffix",
        "cat2": "noun-forming suffixes",
        "g": "f"
      },
      "expansion": "-ль • (-lʹ) f",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Russian",
  "lang_code": "ru",
  "pos": "suffix",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [],
      "examples": [
        {
          "text": "порасти́ (porastí, “to grow shoots”) + -ль (-lʹ) → по́росль (póroslʹ, “shoots”)"
        },
        {
          "text": "прибы́ть (pribýtʹ, “to rise”) + -ль (-lʹ) → при́быль (príbylʹ, “rise, increase”)"
        },
        {
          "text": "уста́ть (ustátʹ, “to get tired”) + -ль (-lʹ) → у́сталь (ústalʹ, “fatigue”)"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Unproductive suffix forming action nouns"
      ],
      "id": "en--ль-ru-suffix-KBXW96UB",
      "related": [
        {
          "roman": "-elʹ",
          "word": "-ель"
        },
        {
          "roman": "-alʹ",
          "word": "-аль"
        },
        {
          "roman": "-lyj",
          "word": "-лый"
        }
      ],
      "tags": [
        "morpheme"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "-ль"
}
{
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "Inherited"
      },
      "expansion": "Inherited",
      "name": "glossary"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ru",
        "2": "sla-pro",
        "3": "*-lь",
        "4": "",
        "5": "",
        "g": "",
        "g2": "",
        "g3": "",
        "id": "",
        "lit": "",
        "nocat": "",
        "pos": "",
        "sc": "",
        "sort": "",
        "tr": "",
        "ts": ""
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Slavic *-lь",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ru",
        "2": "sla-pro",
        "3": "*-lь"
      },
      "expansion": "Inherited from Proto-Slavic *-lь",
      "name": "inh+"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sla-pro",
        "2": "*-lъ",
        "3": "*-ь",
        "nocat": "1"
      },
      "expansion": "*-lъ + *-ь",
      "name": "af"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ru",
        "2": "-ель"
      },
      "expansion": "-ель (-elʹ)",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ru",
        "2": "-лый"
      },
      "expansion": "-лый (-lyj)",
      "name": "m"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Inherited from Proto-Slavic *-lь, from *-lъ + *-ь. Compare -ель (-elʹ), -лый (-lyj).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "-lʹ",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ru-noun-table",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "accent-a",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "class"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-ль",
      "roman": "-lʹ",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-ли",
      "roman": "-li",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-ли",
      "roman": "-li",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-лей",
      "roman": "-lej",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-ли",
      "roman": "-li",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-лям",
      "roman": "-ljam",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-ль",
      "roman": "-lʹ",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-ли",
      "roman": "-li",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-лью",
      "roman": "-lʹju",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-лями",
      "roman": "-ljami",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-ли",
      "roman": "-li",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "prepositional",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-лях",
      "roman": "-ljax",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "prepositional"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ru",
        "2": "suffix",
        "cat2": "noun-forming suffixes",
        "g": "f"
      },
      "expansion": "-ль • (-lʹ) f",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Russian",
  "lang_code": "ru",
  "pos": "suffix",
  "related": [
    {
      "roman": "-elʹ",
      "word": "-ель"
    },
    {
      "roman": "-alʹ",
      "word": "-аль"
    },
    {
      "roman": "-lyj",
      "word": "-лый"
    }
  ],
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "Russian feminine suffixes",
        "Russian lemmas",
        "Russian noun-forming suffixes",
        "Russian suffixes"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "text": "порасти́ (porastí, “to grow shoots”) + -ль (-lʹ) → по́росль (póroslʹ, “shoots”)"
        },
        {
          "text": "прибы́ть (pribýtʹ, “to rise”) + -ль (-lʹ) → при́быль (príbylʹ, “rise, increase”)"
        },
        {
          "text": "уста́ть (ustátʹ, “to get tired”) + -ль (-lʹ) → у́сталь (ústalʹ, “fatigue”)"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Unproductive suffix forming action nouns"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "morpheme"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "-ль"
}

This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Russian dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-03-12 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-03-01 using wiktextract (68773ab and 5f6ddbb). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.