See -дирать in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
Download JSON data for -дирать meaning in Russian (8.2kB)
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ru",
"2": "sla-pro",
"3": "-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Slavic",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "",
"3": "*-dьr-"
},
"expansion": "*-dьr-",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "*dьrati"
},
"expansion": "*dьrati",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ru",
"2": "-а́ть"
},
"expansion": "-а́ть (-átʹ)",
"name": "affix"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ru",
"2": "-о-"
},
"expansion": "-о-",
"name": "lang"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ru",
"2": "-а-"
},
"expansion": "-а-",
"name": "lang"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ru",
"2": "-ывать"
},
"expansion": "-ывать (-yvatʹ)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ru",
"2": "-ивать"
},
"expansion": "-ивать (-ivatʹ)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ru",
"2": "осмотре́ть",
"3": "",
"4": "to examine",
"g": "pf"
},
"expansion": "осмотре́ть pf (osmotrétʹ, “to examine”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ru",
"2": "осма́тривать",
"g": "impf"
},
"expansion": "осма́тривать impf (osmátrivatʹ)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ru",
"2": "отбро́сить",
"3": "",
"4": "to throw away",
"g": "pf"
},
"expansion": "отбро́сить pf (otbrósitʹ, “to throw away”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ru",
"2": "отбра́сывать",
"g": "impf"
},
"expansion": "отбра́сывать impf (otbrásyvatʹ)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ru",
"2": "приколо́ть",
"3": "",
"4": "to pin",
"g": "pf"
},
"expansion": "приколо́ть pf (prikolótʹ, “to pin”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ru",
"2": "прика́лывать",
"g": "impf"
},
"expansion": "прика́лывать impf (prikályvatʹ)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "Similar lengthening accounts for the change -о- → -а- in imperfective derivations in -ывать (-yvatʹ) and -ивать (-ivatʹ), e.g.\n* осмотре́ть pf (osmotrétʹ, “to examine”) → осма́тривать impf (osmátrivatʹ),\n* отбро́сить pf (otbrósitʹ, “to throw away”) → отбра́сывать impf (otbrásyvatʹ),\n* приколо́ть pf (prikolótʹ, “to pin”) → прика́лывать impf (prikályvatʹ).",
"name": "ru-cform-impfv-length"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From imperfective lengthening of the Proto-Slavic perfective infinitive stem *-dьr- (from the infinitive *dьrati) + -а́ть (-átʹ). Similar lengthening accounts for the change -о- → -а- in imperfective derivations in -ывать (-yvatʹ) and -ивать (-ivatʹ), e.g.\n* осмотре́ть pf (osmotrétʹ, “to examine”) → осма́тривать impf (osmátrivatʹ),\n* отбро́сить pf (otbrósitʹ, “to throw away”) → отбра́сывать impf (otbrásyvatʹ),\n* приколо́ть pf (prikolótʹ, “to pin”) → прика́лывать impf (prikályvatʹ).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "-дира́ть",
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "-dirátʹ",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "-дра́ть",
"tags": [
"perfective"
]
},
{
"form": "imperfective transitive",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "ru-conj",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "1a imperfective transitive",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "-дира́ть",
"roman": "-dirátʹ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperfective",
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "-дира́ющий",
"roman": "-dirájuščij",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "-дира́вший",
"roman": "-dirávšij",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "-дира́емый",
"roman": "-dirájemyj",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"passive",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"passive",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "-дира́я",
"roman": "-dirája",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"adverbial",
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "-дира́в",
"roman": "-diráv",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"adverbial",
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "-дира́вши",
"roman": "-dirávši",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"adverbial",
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "-дира́ю",
"roman": "-diráju",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "бу́ду -дира́ть",
"roman": "búdu -dirátʹ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"future",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-дира́ешь",
"roman": "-diráješʹ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "бу́дешь -дира́ть",
"roman": "búdešʹ -dirátʹ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-дира́ет",
"roman": "-dirájet",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "бу́дет -дира́ть",
"roman": "búdet -dirátʹ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-дира́ем",
"roman": "-dirájem",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "бу́дем -дира́ть",
"roman": "búdem -dirátʹ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"future",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-дира́ете",
"roman": "-dirájete",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "бу́дете -дира́ть",
"roman": "búdete -dirátʹ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-дира́ют",
"roman": "-dirájut",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "бу́дут -дира́ть",
"roman": "búdut -dirátʹ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-дира́й",
"roman": "-diráj",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-дира́йте",
"roman": "-dirájte",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-дира́л",
"roman": "-dirál",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-дира́ли",
"roman": "-diráli",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-дира́ла",
"roman": "-dirála",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-дира́ли",
"roman": "-diráli",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-дира́ло",
"roman": "-dirálo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-дира́ли",
"roman": "-diráli",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"past",
"plural"
]
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "impf",
"2": "1a",
"3": "-дира́ть"
},
"name": "ru-conj"
}
],
"lang": "Russian",
"lang_code": "ru",
"pos": "combining_form",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Russian entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Russian terms suffixed with -ать",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "задра́ть pf (zadrátʹ) → задира́ть impf (zadirátʹ)"
},
{
"text": "ободра́ть pf (obodrátʹ) → обдира́ть impf (obdirátʹ)"
},
{
"text": "придра́ться pf (pridrátʹsja) → придира́ться impf (pridirátʹsja)"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Combining form used to form imperfective counterparts of prefixed derivatives of драть (dratʹ, “to tear”)."
],
"id": "en--дирать-ru-combining_form-T5rn2o6N",
"links": [
[
"драть",
"драть#Russian"
],
[
"tear",
"tear#English"
]
],
"related": [
{
"roman": "bratʹ",
"word": "брать"
},
{
"roman": "-birátʹ",
"word": "-бира́ть"
},
{
"roman": "rvatʹ",
"word": "рвать"
},
{
"roman": "-ryvátʹ",
"word": "-рыва́ть"
},
{
"roman": "slatʹ",
"word": "слать"
},
{
"roman": "-sylátʹ",
"word": "-сыла́ть"
},
{
"alt": "present tense жму (žmu)",
"english": "to squeeze",
"roman": "žatʹ",
"word": "жать"
},
{
"roman": "-žimátʹ",
"word": "-жима́ть"
},
{
"alt": "present tense жну (žnu)",
"english": "to reap",
"roman": "žatʹ",
"word": "жать"
},
{
"roman": "-žinátʹ",
"word": "-жина́ть"
}
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[dʲɪˈratʲ]"
}
],
"word": "-дирать"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ru",
"2": "sla-pro",
"3": "-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Slavic",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "",
"3": "*-dьr-"
},
"expansion": "*-dьr-",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "*dьrati"
},
"expansion": "*dьrati",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ru",
"2": "-а́ть"
},
"expansion": "-а́ть (-átʹ)",
"name": "affix"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ru",
"2": "-о-"
},
"expansion": "-о-",
"name": "lang"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ru",
"2": "-а-"
},
"expansion": "-а-",
"name": "lang"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ru",
"2": "-ывать"
},
"expansion": "-ывать (-yvatʹ)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ru",
"2": "-ивать"
},
"expansion": "-ивать (-ivatʹ)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ru",
"2": "осмотре́ть",
"3": "",
"4": "to examine",
"g": "pf"
},
"expansion": "осмотре́ть pf (osmotrétʹ, “to examine”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ru",
"2": "осма́тривать",
"g": "impf"
},
"expansion": "осма́тривать impf (osmátrivatʹ)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ru",
"2": "отбро́сить",
"3": "",
"4": "to throw away",
"g": "pf"
},
"expansion": "отбро́сить pf (otbrósitʹ, “to throw away”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ru",
"2": "отбра́сывать",
"g": "impf"
},
"expansion": "отбра́сывать impf (otbrásyvatʹ)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ru",
"2": "приколо́ть",
"3": "",
"4": "to pin",
"g": "pf"
},
"expansion": "приколо́ть pf (prikolótʹ, “to pin”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ru",
"2": "прика́лывать",
"g": "impf"
},
"expansion": "прика́лывать impf (prikályvatʹ)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "Similar lengthening accounts for the change -о- → -а- in imperfective derivations in -ывать (-yvatʹ) and -ивать (-ivatʹ), e.g.\n* осмотре́ть pf (osmotrétʹ, “to examine”) → осма́тривать impf (osmátrivatʹ),\n* отбро́сить pf (otbrósitʹ, “to throw away”) → отбра́сывать impf (otbrásyvatʹ),\n* приколо́ть pf (prikolótʹ, “to pin”) → прика́лывать impf (prikályvatʹ).",
"name": "ru-cform-impfv-length"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From imperfective lengthening of the Proto-Slavic perfective infinitive stem *-dьr- (from the infinitive *dьrati) + -а́ть (-átʹ). Similar lengthening accounts for the change -о- → -а- in imperfective derivations in -ывать (-yvatʹ) and -ивать (-ivatʹ), e.g.\n* осмотре́ть pf (osmotrétʹ, “to examine”) → осма́тривать impf (osmátrivatʹ),\n* отбро́сить pf (otbrósitʹ, “to throw away”) → отбра́сывать impf (otbrásyvatʹ),\n* приколо́ть pf (prikolótʹ, “to pin”) → прика́лывать impf (prikályvatʹ).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "-дира́ть",
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "-dirátʹ",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "-дра́ть",
"tags": [
"perfective"
]
},
{
"form": "imperfective transitive",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "ru-conj",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "1a imperfective transitive",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "-дира́ть",
"roman": "-dirátʹ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperfective",
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "-дира́ющий",
"roman": "-dirájuščij",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "-дира́вший",
"roman": "-dirávšij",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "-дира́емый",
"roman": "-dirájemyj",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"passive",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"passive",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "-дира́я",
"roman": "-dirája",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"adverbial",
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "-дира́в",
"roman": "-diráv",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"adverbial",
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "-дира́вши",
"roman": "-dirávši",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"adverbial",
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "-дира́ю",
"roman": "-diráju",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "бу́ду -дира́ть",
"roman": "búdu -dirátʹ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"future",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-дира́ешь",
"roman": "-diráješʹ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "бу́дешь -дира́ть",
"roman": "búdešʹ -dirátʹ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-дира́ет",
"roman": "-dirájet",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "бу́дет -дира́ть",
"roman": "búdet -dirátʹ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-дира́ем",
"roman": "-dirájem",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "бу́дем -дира́ть",
"roman": "búdem -dirátʹ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"future",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-дира́ете",
"roman": "-dirájete",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "бу́дете -дира́ть",
"roman": "búdete -dirátʹ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-дира́ют",
"roman": "-dirájut",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "бу́дут -дира́ть",
"roman": "búdut -dirátʹ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-дира́й",
"roman": "-diráj",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-дира́йте",
"roman": "-dirájte",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-дира́л",
"roman": "-dirál",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-дира́ли",
"roman": "-diráli",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-дира́ла",
"roman": "-dirála",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-дира́ли",
"roman": "-diráli",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-дира́ло",
"roman": "-dirálo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-дира́ли",
"roman": "-diráli",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"past",
"plural"
]
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "impf",
"2": "1a",
"3": "-дира́ть"
},
"name": "ru-conj"
}
],
"lang": "Russian",
"lang_code": "ru",
"pos": "combining_form",
"related": [
{
"roman": "bratʹ",
"word": "брать"
},
{
"roman": "-birátʹ",
"word": "-бира́ть"
},
{
"roman": "rvatʹ",
"word": "рвать"
},
{
"roman": "-ryvátʹ",
"word": "-рыва́ть"
},
{
"roman": "slatʹ",
"word": "слать"
},
{
"roman": "-sylátʹ",
"word": "-сыла́ть"
},
{
"alt": "present tense жму (žmu)",
"english": "to squeeze",
"roman": "žatʹ",
"word": "жать"
},
{
"roman": "-žimátʹ",
"word": "-жима́ть"
},
{
"alt": "present tense жну (žnu)",
"english": "to reap",
"roman": "žatʹ",
"word": "жать"
},
{
"roman": "-žinátʹ",
"word": "-жина́ть"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Russian 2-syllable words",
"Russian class 1 verbs",
"Russian class 1a verbs",
"Russian entries with incorrect language header",
"Russian imperfective verbs",
"Russian lemmas",
"Russian terms derived from Proto-Slavic",
"Russian terms suffixed with -ать",
"Russian terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Russian transitive verbs",
"Russian verbal combining forms",
"Russian verbs"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "задра́ть pf (zadrátʹ) → задира́ть impf (zadirátʹ)"
},
{
"text": "ободра́ть pf (obodrátʹ) → обдира́ть impf (obdirátʹ)"
},
{
"text": "придра́ться pf (pridrátʹsja) → придира́ться impf (pridirátʹsja)"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Combining form used to form imperfective counterparts of prefixed derivatives of драть (dratʹ, “to tear”)."
],
"links": [
[
"драть",
"драть#Russian"
],
[
"tear",
"tear#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[dʲɪˈratʲ]"
}
],
"word": "-дирать"
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Russian dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-04-22 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-04-21 using wiktextract (fc4f0c7 and c937495). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.