"-тирать" meaning in Russian

{
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ru",
        "2": "sla-pro",
        "3": "-"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Slavic",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ru",
        "2": "-а́ть"
      },
      "expansion": "-а́ть (-átʹ)",
      "name": "affix"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ru",
        "2": "-о-"
      },
      "expansion": "-о-",
      "name": "lang"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ru",
        "2": "-а-"
      },
      "expansion": "-а-",
      "name": "lang"
    },
    {
      "args": {},
      "expansion": "Similar lengthening accounts for the change -о- → -а- in imperfective derivations in -ывать (-yvatʹ) and -ивать (-ivatʹ), e.g.\n* осмотре́ть pf (osmotrétʹ, “to examine”) → осма́тривать impf (osmátrivatʹ),\n* отбро́сить pf (otbrósitʹ, “to throw away”) → отбра́сывать impf (otbrásyvatʹ),\n* приколо́ть pf (prikolótʹ, “to pin”) → прика́лывать impf (prikályvatʹ).",
      "name": "ru-cform-impfv-length"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From imperfective lengthening of the perfective Proto-Slavic stem *-tьr- (cf. first singular *tьrǫ of *terti) + -а́ть (-átʹ). Similar lengthening accounts for the change -о- → -а- in imperfective derivations in -ывать (-yvatʹ) and -ивать (-ivatʹ), e.g.\n* осмотре́ть pf (osmotrétʹ, “to examine”) → осма́тривать impf (osmátrivatʹ),\n* отбро́сить pf (otbrósitʹ, “to throw away”) → отбра́сывать impf (otbrásyvatʹ),\n* приколо́ть pf (prikolótʹ, “to pin”) → прика́лывать impf (prikályvatʹ).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "-тира́ть",
      "tags": [
        "canonical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-tirátʹ",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-тере́ть",
      "tags": [
        "perfective"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "imperfective transitive",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ru-conj",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "1a imperfective transitive",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "class"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-тира́ть",
      "roman": "-tirátʹ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfective",
        "infinitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-тира́ющий",
      "roman": "-tirájuščij",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "participle",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-тира́вший",
      "roman": "-tirávšij",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "participle",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-тира́емый",
      "roman": "-tirájemyj",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "passive",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "passive",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-тира́я",
      "roman": "-tirája",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "adverbial",
        "participle",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-тира́в",
      "roman": "-tiráv",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "adverbial",
        "participle",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-тира́вши",
      "roman": "-tirávši",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "adverbial",
        "participle",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-тира́ю",
      "roman": "-tiráju",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "present",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "бу́ду -тира́ть",
      "roman": "búdu -tirátʹ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "future",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-тира́ешь",
      "roman": "-tiráješʹ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "бу́дешь -тира́ть",
      "roman": "búdešʹ -tirátʹ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-тира́ет",
      "roman": "-tirájet",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "бу́дет -тира́ть",
      "roman": "búdet -tirátʹ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-тира́ем",
      "roman": "-tirájem",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "plural",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "бу́дем -тира́ть",
      "roman": "búdem -tirátʹ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "future",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-тира́ете",
      "roman": "-tirájete",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "present",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "бу́дете -тира́ть",
      "roman": "búdete -tirátʹ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-тира́ют",
      "roman": "-tirájut",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "present",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "бу́дут -тира́ть",
      "roman": "búdut -tirátʹ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-тира́й",
      "roman": "-tiráj",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-тира́йте",
      "roman": "-tirájte",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-тира́л",
      "roman": "-tirál",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "past",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-тира́ли",
      "roman": "-tiráli",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "past",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-тира́ла",
      "roman": "-tirála",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "past",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-тира́ли",
      "roman": "-tiráli",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "past",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-тира́ло",
      "roman": "-tirálo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "neuter",
        "past",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-тира́ли",
      "roman": "-tiráli",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "neuter",
        "past",
        "plural"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "impf",
        "2": "1a",
        "3": "-тира́ть"
      },
      "name": "ru-conj"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Russian",
  "lang_code": "ru",
  "pos": "combining_form",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with 1 entry",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Russian entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Russian terms suffixed with -ать",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        }
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "text": "протере́ть pf (proterétʹ) → протира́ть impf (protirátʹ)"
        },
        {
          "text": "стере́ть pf (sterétʹ) → стира́ть impf (stirátʹ)"
        },
        {
          "text": "вы́тереть pf (výteretʹ) → вытира́ть impf (vytirátʹ)"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Combining form used to form imperfective counterparts of prefixed derivatives of тере́ть (terétʹ, “to rub, to grate”)."
      ],
      "id": "en--тирать-ru-combining_form-c~a6TgZx",
      "links": [
        [
          "тере́ть",
          "тереть#Russian"
        ],
        [
          "rub",
          "rub#English"
        ],
        [
          "grate",
          "grate#English"
        ]
      ],
      "related": [
        {
          "roman": "merétʹ",
          "word": "мере́ть"
        },
        {
          "roman": "-mirátʹ",
          "word": "-мира́ть"
        },
        {
          "roman": "perétʹ",
          "word": "пере́ть"
        },
        {
          "roman": "-pirátʹ",
          "word": "-пира́ть"
        },
        {
          "roman": "bratʹ",
          "word": "брать"
        },
        {
          "roman": "-birátʹ",
          "word": "-бира́ть"
        },
        {
          "roman": "rvatʹ",
          "word": "рвать"
        },
        {
          "roman": "-ryvátʹ",
          "word": "-рыва́ть"
        },
        {
          "roman": "slatʹ",
          "word": "слать"
        },
        {
          "roman": "-sylátʹ",
          "word": "-сыла́ть"
        },
        {
          "alt": "present tense жму (žmu)",
          "english": "to squeeze",
          "roman": "žatʹ",
          "word": "жать"
        },
        {
          "roman": "-žimátʹ",
          "word": "-жима́ть"
        },
        {
          "alt": "present tense жну (žnu)",
          "english": "to reap",
          "roman": "žatʹ",
          "word": "жать"
        },
        {
          "roman": "-žinátʹ",
          "word": "-жина́ть"
        }
      ],
      "tags": [
        "morpheme"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "[tʲɪˈratʲ]"
    }
  ],
  "word": "-тирать"
}

{
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ru",
        "2": "sla-pro",
        "3": "-"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Slavic",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ru",
        "2": "-а́ть"
      },
      "expansion": "-а́ть (-átʹ)",
      "name": "affix"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ru",
        "2": "-о-"
      },
      "expansion": "-о-",
      "name": "lang"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ru",
        "2": "-а-"
      },
      "expansion": "-а-",
      "name": "lang"
    },
    {
      "args": {},
      "expansion": "Similar lengthening accounts for the change -о- → -а- in imperfective derivations in -ывать (-yvatʹ) and -ивать (-ivatʹ), e.g.\n* осмотре́ть pf (osmotrétʹ, “to examine”) → осма́тривать impf (osmátrivatʹ),\n* отбро́сить pf (otbrósitʹ, “to throw away”) → отбра́сывать impf (otbrásyvatʹ),\n* приколо́ть pf (prikolótʹ, “to pin”) → прика́лывать impf (prikályvatʹ).",
      "name": "ru-cform-impfv-length"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From imperfective lengthening of the perfective Proto-Slavic stem *-tьr- (cf. first singular *tьrǫ of *terti) + -а́ть (-átʹ). Similar lengthening accounts for the change -о- → -а- in imperfective derivations in -ывать (-yvatʹ) and -ивать (-ivatʹ), e.g.\n* осмотре́ть pf (osmotrétʹ, “to examine”) → осма́тривать impf (osmátrivatʹ),\n* отбро́сить pf (otbrósitʹ, “to throw away”) → отбра́сывать impf (otbrásyvatʹ),\n* приколо́ть pf (prikolótʹ, “to pin”) → прика́лывать impf (prikályvatʹ).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "-тира́ть",
      "tags": [
        "canonical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-tirátʹ",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-тере́ть",
      "tags": [
        "perfective"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "imperfective transitive",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ru-conj",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "1a imperfective transitive",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "class"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-тира́ть",
      "roman": "-tirátʹ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfective",
        "infinitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-тира́ющий",
      "roman": "-tirájuščij",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "participle",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-тира́вший",
      "roman": "-tirávšij",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "participle",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-тира́емый",
      "roman": "-tirájemyj",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "passive",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "passive",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-тира́я",
      "roman": "-tirája",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "adverbial",
        "participle",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-тира́в",
      "roman": "-tiráv",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "adverbial",
        "participle",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-тира́вши",
      "roman": "-tirávši",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "adverbial",
        "participle",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-тира́ю",
      "roman": "-tiráju",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "present",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "бу́ду -тира́ть",
      "roman": "búdu -tirátʹ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "future",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-тира́ешь",
      "roman": "-tiráješʹ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "бу́дешь -тира́ть",
      "roman": "búdešʹ -tirátʹ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-тира́ет",
      "roman": "-tirájet",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "бу́дет -тира́ть",
      "roman": "búdet -tirátʹ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-тира́ем",
      "roman": "-tirájem",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "plural",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "бу́дем -тира́ть",
      "roman": "búdem -tirátʹ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "future",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-тира́ете",
      "roman": "-tirájete",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "present",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "бу́дете -тира́ть",
      "roman": "búdete -tirátʹ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-тира́ют",
      "roman": "-tirájut",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "present",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "бу́дут -тира́ть",
      "roman": "búdut -tirátʹ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-тира́й",
      "roman": "-tiráj",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-тира́йте",
      "roman": "-tirájte",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-тира́л",
      "roman": "-tirál",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "past",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-тира́ли",
      "roman": "-tiráli",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "past",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-тира́ла",
      "roman": "-tirála",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "past",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-тира́ли",
      "roman": "-tiráli",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "past",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-тира́ло",
      "roman": "-tirálo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "neuter",
        "past",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-тира́ли",
      "roman": "-tiráli",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "neuter",
        "past",
        "plural"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "impf",
        "2": "1a",
        "3": "-тира́ть"
      },
      "name": "ru-conj"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Russian",
  "lang_code": "ru",
  "pos": "combining_form",
  "related": [
    {
      "roman": "merétʹ",
      "word": "мере́ть"
    },
    {
      "roman": "-mirátʹ",
      "word": "-мира́ть"
    },
    {
      "roman": "perétʹ",
      "word": "пере́ть"
    },
    {
      "roman": "-pirátʹ",
      "word": "-пира́ть"
    },
    {
      "roman": "bratʹ",
      "word": "брать"
    },
    {
      "roman": "-birátʹ",
      "word": "-бира́ть"
    },
    {
      "roman": "rvatʹ",
      "word": "рвать"
    },
    {
      "roman": "-ryvátʹ",
      "word": "-рыва́ть"
    },
    {
      "roman": "slatʹ",
      "word": "слать"
    },
    {
      "roman": "-sylátʹ",
      "word": "-сыла́ть"
    },
    {
      "alt": "present tense жму (žmu)",
      "english": "to squeeze",
      "roman": "žatʹ",
      "word": "жать"
    },
    {
      "roman": "-žimátʹ",
      "word": "-жима́ть"
    },
    {
      "alt": "present tense жну (žnu)",
      "english": "to reap",
      "roman": "žatʹ",
      "word": "жать"
    },
    {
      "roman": "-žinátʹ",
      "word": "-жина́ть"
    }
  ],
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "Pages with 1 entry",
        "Pages with entries",
        "Russian 2-syllable words",
        "Russian class 1 verbs",
        "Russian class 1a verbs",
        "Russian entries with incorrect language header",
        "Russian imperfective verbs",
        "Russian lemmas",
        "Russian terms derived from Proto-Slavic",
        "Russian terms suffixed with -ать",
        "Russian terms with IPA pronunciation",
        "Russian transitive verbs",
        "Russian verbal combining forms",
        "Russian verbs"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "text": "протере́ть pf (proterétʹ) → протира́ть impf (protirátʹ)"
        },
        {
          "text": "стере́ть pf (sterétʹ) → стира́ть impf (stirátʹ)"
        },
        {
          "text": "вы́тереть pf (výteretʹ) → вытира́ть impf (vytirátʹ)"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Combining form used to form imperfective counterparts of prefixed derivatives of тере́ть (terétʹ, “to rub, to grate”)."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "тере́ть",
          "тереть#Russian"
        ],
        [
          "rub",
          "rub#English"
        ],
        [
          "grate",
          "grate#English"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "morpheme"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "[tʲɪˈratʲ]"
    }
  ],
  "word": "-тирать"
}