See туман in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ru",
"2": "trk"
},
"expansion": "Turkic",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ru",
"2": "trk-pro",
"3": "*tuman",
"t": "mist, fog"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Turkic *tuman (“mist, fog”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ru",
"2": "ae",
"3": "𐬛𐬎𐬥𐬨𐬀𐬥",
"t": "fog, mist"
},
"expansion": "Avestan 𐬛𐬎𐬥𐬨𐬀𐬥 (dunman, “fog, mist”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ru",
"2": "ira-pro",
"3": "*dʰuHmás"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Iranian *dʰuHmás",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ru",
"2": "iir-pro",
"3": "*dʰuHmás"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-Iranian *dʰuHmás",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "tr",
"2": "duman"
},
"expansion": "Turkish duman",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "kk",
"2": "тұман"
},
"expansion": "Kazakh тұман (tūman)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "tt",
"2": "томан"
},
"expansion": "Tatar томан (toman)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fa",
"2": "دود",
"tr": "dud"
},
"expansion": "Persian دود (dud)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Attested since the 17th century.\nBorrowed from a Turkic source. Ultimately, from Proto-Turkic *tuman (“mist, fog”), or from Avestan 𐬛𐬎𐬥𐬨𐬀𐬥 (dunman, “fog, mist”), 𐬛𐬎𐬎𐬄𐬥𐬨𐬀𐬥 (duuąnman, “cloud”), from Proto-Iranian *dʰuHmás, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *dʰuHmás.\nCompare Turkish duman, Kazakh тұман (tūman), Tatar томан (toman), Persian دود (dud): دودمان (dudmân, “smoke, soot”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "тума́н",
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "tumán",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "тума́на",
"tags": [
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "тума́ны",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "тума́нов",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "тума́нный",
"tags": [
"adjective",
"relational"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "ru-noun-table",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "hard-stem",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "accent-a",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "тума́н",
"roman": "tumán",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "тума́ны",
"roman": "tumány",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "тума́на",
"roman": "tumána",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "тума́нов",
"roman": "tumánov",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "тума́ну",
"roman": "tumánu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "тума́нам",
"roman": "tumánam",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "тума́н",
"roman": "tumán",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "тума́ны",
"roman": "tumány",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "тума́ном",
"roman": "tumánom",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "тума́нами",
"roman": "tumánami",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "тума́не",
"roman": "tumáne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"prepositional",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "тума́нах",
"roman": "tumánax",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"prepositional"
]
},
{
"form": "тума́ну",
"roman": "tumánu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"partitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "тума́нъ",
"roman": "tumán",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "тума́н",
"adj": "тума́нный",
"par": "тума́ну"
},
"expansion": "тума́н • (tumán) m inan (genitive тума́на, nominative plural тума́ны, genitive plural тума́нов, relational adjective тума́нный)",
"name": "ru-noun+"
}
],
"lang": "Russian",
"lang_code": "ru",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 9 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Russian entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Russian links with redundant alt parameters",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Russian links with redundant wikilinks",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Russian nouns with accent pattern a",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Russian nouns with partitive singular",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "ru",
"name": "Meteorology",
"orig": "ru:Meteorology",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "ru",
"name": "Weather",
"orig": "ru:Weather",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"derived": [
{
"roman": "tumánitʹ",
"word": "тума́нить"
},
{
"roman": "tumánnostʹ",
"word": "тума́нность"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_roman_offsets": [
[
11,
17
]
],
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
11,
18
]
],
"english": "to be in a fog (state of mind)",
"roman": "bytʹ kak v tumáne",
"text": "быть как в тума́не",
"type": "example"
},
{
"bold_roman_offsets": [
[
10,
16
]
],
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
11,
18
]
],
"english": "to equivocate; to beat around the bush",
"roman": "napustítʹ tumánu",
"text": "напусти́ть тума́ну",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"fog"
],
"id": "en-туман-ru-noun-sEIWVGBX",
"links": [
[
"meteorology",
"meteorology"
],
[
"fog",
"fog"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(meteorology) fog"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "мгла"
}
],
"topics": [
"climatology",
"meteorology",
"natural-sciences"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[tʊˈman]"
},
{
"audio": "Ru-туман.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/3/34/Ru-%D1%82%D1%83%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BD.ogg/Ru-%D1%82%D1%83%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BD.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/34/Ru-%D1%82%D1%83%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BD.ogg"
}
],
"word": "туман"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"roman": "tumánitʹ",
"word": "тума́нить"
},
{
"roman": "tumánnostʹ",
"word": "тума́нность"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ru",
"2": "trk"
},
"expansion": "Turkic",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ru",
"2": "trk-pro",
"3": "*tuman",
"t": "mist, fog"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Turkic *tuman (“mist, fog”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ru",
"2": "ae",
"3": "𐬛𐬎𐬥𐬨𐬀𐬥",
"t": "fog, mist"
},
"expansion": "Avestan 𐬛𐬎𐬥𐬨𐬀𐬥 (dunman, “fog, mist”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ru",
"2": "ira-pro",
"3": "*dʰuHmás"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Iranian *dʰuHmás",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ru",
"2": "iir-pro",
"3": "*dʰuHmás"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-Iranian *dʰuHmás",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "tr",
"2": "duman"
},
"expansion": "Turkish duman",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "kk",
"2": "тұман"
},
"expansion": "Kazakh тұман (tūman)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "tt",
"2": "томан"
},
"expansion": "Tatar томан (toman)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fa",
"2": "دود",
"tr": "dud"
},
"expansion": "Persian دود (dud)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Attested since the 17th century.\nBorrowed from a Turkic source. Ultimately, from Proto-Turkic *tuman (“mist, fog”), or from Avestan 𐬛𐬎𐬥𐬨𐬀𐬥 (dunman, “fog, mist”), 𐬛𐬎𐬎𐬄𐬥𐬨𐬀𐬥 (duuąnman, “cloud”), from Proto-Iranian *dʰuHmás, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *dʰuHmás.\nCompare Turkish duman, Kazakh тұман (tūman), Tatar томан (toman), Persian دود (dud): دودمان (dudmân, “smoke, soot”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "тума́н",
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "tumán",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "тума́на",
"tags": [
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "тума́ны",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "тума́нов",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "тума́нный",
"tags": [
"adjective",
"relational"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "ru-noun-table",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "hard-stem",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "accent-a",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "тума́н",
"roman": "tumán",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "тума́ны",
"roman": "tumány",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "тума́на",
"roman": "tumána",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "тума́нов",
"roman": "tumánov",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "тума́ну",
"roman": "tumánu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "тума́нам",
"roman": "tumánam",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "тума́н",
"roman": "tumán",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "тума́ны",
"roman": "tumány",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "тума́ном",
"roman": "tumánom",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "тума́нами",
"roman": "tumánami",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "тума́не",
"roman": "tumáne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"prepositional",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "тума́нах",
"roman": "tumánax",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"prepositional"
]
},
{
"form": "тума́ну",
"roman": "tumánu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"partitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "тума́нъ",
"roman": "tumán",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "тума́н",
"adj": "тума́нный",
"par": "тума́ну"
},
"expansion": "тума́н • (tumán) m inan (genitive тума́на, nominative plural тума́ны, genitive plural тума́нов, relational adjective тума́нный)",
"name": "ru-noun+"
}
],
"lang": "Russian",
"lang_code": "ru",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 9 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Russian 2-syllable words",
"Russian entries with incorrect language header",
"Russian hard-stem masculine-form accent-a nouns",
"Russian hard-stem masculine-form nouns",
"Russian inanimate nouns",
"Russian lemmas",
"Russian links with redundant alt parameters",
"Russian links with redundant wikilinks",
"Russian masculine nouns",
"Russian nouns",
"Russian nouns with accent pattern a",
"Russian nouns with partitive singular",
"Russian terms borrowed from Turkic languages",
"Russian terms derived from Avestan",
"Russian terms derived from Proto-Indo-Iranian",
"Russian terms derived from Proto-Iranian",
"Russian terms derived from Proto-Turkic",
"Russian terms derived from Turkic languages",
"Russian terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Russian terms with usage examples",
"ru:Meteorology",
"ru:Weather"
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_roman_offsets": [
[
11,
17
]
],
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
11,
18
]
],
"english": "to be in a fog (state of mind)",
"roman": "bytʹ kak v tumáne",
"text": "быть как в тума́не",
"type": "example"
},
{
"bold_roman_offsets": [
[
10,
16
]
],
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
11,
18
]
],
"english": "to equivocate; to beat around the bush",
"roman": "napustítʹ tumánu",
"text": "напусти́ть тума́ну",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"fog"
],
"links": [
[
"meteorology",
"meteorology"
],
[
"fog",
"fog"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(meteorology) fog"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "мгла"
}
],
"topics": [
"climatology",
"meteorology",
"natural-sciences"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[tʊˈman]"
},
{
"audio": "Ru-туман.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/3/34/Ru-%D1%82%D1%83%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BD.ogg/Ru-%D1%82%D1%83%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BD.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/34/Ru-%D1%82%D1%83%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BD.ogg"
}
],
"word": "туман"
}
Download raw JSONL data for туман meaning in Russian (5.9kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Russian dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-06-01 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-05-20 using wiktextract (3dadd05 and f1c2b61). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.