See тормоз in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"roman": "tormozítʹ",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "тормози́ть"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"roman": "tormoznája žídkostʹ",
"sense": "тормозно́й (tormoznój)",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "тормозна́я жи́дкость"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"roman": "tormozúxa",
"sense": "тормозно́й (tormoznój)",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"inanimate"
],
"word": "тормозу́ха"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"roman": "tormoznój putʹ",
"sense": "тормозно́й (tormoznój)",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "тормозно́й путь"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "hy",
"2": "տորմուզ",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Armenian: տորմուզ (tormuz)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Armenian: տորմուզ (tormuz)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "az",
"2": "tormoz",
"3": "tormuz",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Azerbaijani: tormoz, tormuz",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Azerbaijani: tormoz, tormuz"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "kk",
"2": "тормез",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Kazakh: тормез (tormez)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Kazakh: тормез (tormez)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ky",
"2": "тормоз",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Kyrgyz: тормоз (tormoz)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Kyrgyz: тормоз (tormoz)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "mn",
"2": "тоормос",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Mongolian: тоормос (toormos)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Mongolian: тоормос (toormos)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fa",
"2": "ترمز",
"bor": "1",
"tr": "tormoz"
},
"expansion": "→ Persian: ترمز (tormoz)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Persian: ترمز (tormoz)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "tg",
"2": "тормоз",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Tajik: тормоз (tormoz)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Tajik: тормоз (tormoz)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "tk",
"2": "tormoz",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Turkmen: tormoz",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Turkmen: tormoz"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "uz",
"2": "tormoz",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Uzbek: tormoz",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Uzbek: tormoz"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ru",
"2": "grc",
"3": "τόρμος",
"4": "",
"5": "socket into which a pin or peg is inserted"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek τόρμος (tórmos, “socket into which a pin or peg is inserted”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ru",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*tórmos",
"4": "",
"5": "hole"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *tórmos (“hole”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ru",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*terh₁-",
"4": "*ter-",
"5": "to rub, bore, twist"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *ter- (“to rub, bore, twist”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ru",
"2": "тере́ть"
},
"expansion": "Russian тере́ть (terétʹ)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Ancient Greek τόρμος (tórmos, “socket into which a pin or peg is inserted”), from Proto-Indo-European *tórmos (“hole”), from Proto-Indo-European *ter- (“to rub, bore, twist”) (whence also Russian тере́ть (terétʹ)\nSee Russian etymological dictionary—Terence R. Wade, Terence Leslie Brian Wade.\nOleg Trubachev thinks Greek origin is unlikely. Nikolai Dmitriev suggests adoption from Turkic turmaz (\"not stoppable\" or \"pad for the wheel of waggon\"). See «Лексикографический сборник», 3, 1958, p. 45",
"forms": [
{
"form": "то́рмоз",
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "tórmoz",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "то́рмоза",
"tags": [
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "тормоза́",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "тормозо́в",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "тормозно́й",
"tags": [
"adjective",
"relational"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "ru-noun-table",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "hard-stem",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "accent-c",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "то́рмоз",
"roman": "tórmoz",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "тормоза́",
"roman": "tormozá",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"irregular",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "то́рмоза",
"roman": "tórmoza",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "тормозо́в",
"roman": "tormozóv",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "то́рмозу",
"roman": "tórmozu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "тормоза́м",
"roman": "tormozám",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "то́рмоз",
"roman": "tórmoz",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "тормоза́",
"roman": "tormozá",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"irregular",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "то́рмозом",
"roman": "tórmozom",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "тормоза́ми",
"roman": "tormozámi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "то́рмозе",
"roman": "tórmoze",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"prepositional",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "тормоза́х",
"roman": "tormozáx",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"prepositional"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "c",
"2": "то́рмоз",
"3": "(1)",
"adj": "тормозно́й"
},
"expansion": "то́рмоз • (tórmoz) m inan (genitive то́рмоза, nominative plural тормоза́, genitive plural тормозо́в, relational adjective тормозно́й)",
"name": "ru-noun+"
}
],
"lang": "Russian",
"lang_code": "ru",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "40 13 33 15",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Russian links with redundant alt parameters",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "39 13 32 15",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Russian links with redundant wikilinks",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "32 19 26 22",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Russian nouns with accent pattern c",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"brake, brakes"
],
"id": "en-тормоз-ru-noun-8ORnVYVT",
"links": [
[
"brake",
"brake"
],
[
"brakes",
"brakes"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "40 13 33 15",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Russian links with redundant alt parameters",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "39 13 32 15",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Russian links with redundant wikilinks",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "32 19 26 22",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Russian nouns with accent pattern c",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"drag"
],
"id": "en-тормоз-ru-noun-SsUki3Cs",
"links": [
[
"drag",
"drag"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(figuratively) drag"
],
"tags": [
"figuratively"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "28 8 54 9",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Russian entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "40 13 33 15",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Russian links with redundant alt parameters",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "39 13 32 15",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Russian links with redundant wikilinks",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "29 11 47 13",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Russian nouns ending in a consonant with plural -а",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "32 19 26 22",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Russian nouns with accent pattern c",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "18 11 59 12",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Russian nouns with irregular nominative plural",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"slow-witted person, retard"
],
"id": "en-тормоз-ru-noun-mHK2JA3U",
"links": [
[
"slow-witted",
"slow-witted"
],
[
"retard",
"retard"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(figuratively) slow-witted person, retard"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "тугоду́м"
}
],
"tags": [
"figuratively"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "40 13 33 15",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Russian links with redundant alt parameters",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "39 13 32 15",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Russian links with redundant wikilinks",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "32 19 26 22",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Russian nouns with accent pattern c",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"slowpoke"
],
"id": "en-тормоз-ru-noun-7pCxDAPf",
"links": [
[
"slowpoke",
"slowpoke"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(figuratively) slowpoke"
],
"tags": [
"figuratively"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[ˈtorməs]"
},
{
"audio": "Ru-тормоз.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/7/72/Ru-%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%B7.ogg/Ru-%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%B7.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/72/Ru-%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%B7.ogg"
}
],
"word": "тормоз"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 2 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Russian 2-syllable words",
"Russian entries with incorrect language header",
"Russian hard-stem masculine-form accent-c nouns",
"Russian hard-stem masculine-form nouns",
"Russian inanimate nouns",
"Russian irregular nouns",
"Russian lemmas",
"Russian links with redundant alt parameters",
"Russian links with redundant wikilinks",
"Russian masculine nouns",
"Russian nouns",
"Russian nouns ending in a consonant with plural -а",
"Russian nouns with accent pattern c",
"Russian nouns with irregular nominative plural",
"Russian terms derived from Ancient Greek",
"Russian terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Russian terms with IPA pronunciation"
],
"derived": [
{
"roman": "tormozítʹ",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "тормози́ть"
},
{
"roman": "tormoznája žídkostʹ",
"sense": "тормозно́й (tormoznój)",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "тормозна́я жи́дкость"
},
{
"roman": "tormozúxa",
"sense": "тормозно́й (tormoznój)",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"inanimate"
],
"word": "тормозу́ха"
},
{
"roman": "tormoznój putʹ",
"sense": "тормозно́й (tormoznój)",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "тормозно́й путь"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "hy",
"2": "տորմուզ",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Armenian: տորմուզ (tormuz)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Armenian: տորմուզ (tormuz)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "az",
"2": "tormoz",
"3": "tormuz",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Azerbaijani: tormoz, tormuz",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Azerbaijani: tormoz, tormuz"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "kk",
"2": "тормез",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Kazakh: тормез (tormez)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Kazakh: тормез (tormez)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ky",
"2": "тормоз",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Kyrgyz: тормоз (tormoz)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Kyrgyz: тормоз (tormoz)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "mn",
"2": "тоормос",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Mongolian: тоормос (toormos)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Mongolian: тоормос (toormos)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fa",
"2": "ترمز",
"bor": "1",
"tr": "tormoz"
},
"expansion": "→ Persian: ترمز (tormoz)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Persian: ترمز (tormoz)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "tg",
"2": "тормоз",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Tajik: тормоз (tormoz)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Tajik: тормоз (tormoz)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "tk",
"2": "tormoz",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Turkmen: tormoz",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Turkmen: tormoz"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "uz",
"2": "tormoz",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Uzbek: tormoz",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Uzbek: tormoz"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ru",
"2": "grc",
"3": "τόρμος",
"4": "",
"5": "socket into which a pin or peg is inserted"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek τόρμος (tórmos, “socket into which a pin or peg is inserted”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ru",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*tórmos",
"4": "",
"5": "hole"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *tórmos (“hole”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ru",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*terh₁-",
"4": "*ter-",
"5": "to rub, bore, twist"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *ter- (“to rub, bore, twist”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ru",
"2": "тере́ть"
},
"expansion": "Russian тере́ть (terétʹ)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Ancient Greek τόρμος (tórmos, “socket into which a pin or peg is inserted”), from Proto-Indo-European *tórmos (“hole”), from Proto-Indo-European *ter- (“to rub, bore, twist”) (whence also Russian тере́ть (terétʹ)\nSee Russian etymological dictionary—Terence R. Wade, Terence Leslie Brian Wade.\nOleg Trubachev thinks Greek origin is unlikely. Nikolai Dmitriev suggests adoption from Turkic turmaz (\"not stoppable\" or \"pad for the wheel of waggon\"). See «Лексикографический сборник», 3, 1958, p. 45",
"forms": [
{
"form": "то́рмоз",
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "tórmoz",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "то́рмоза",
"tags": [
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "тормоза́",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "тормозо́в",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "тормозно́й",
"tags": [
"adjective",
"relational"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "ru-noun-table",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "hard-stem",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "accent-c",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "то́рмоз",
"roman": "tórmoz",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "тормоза́",
"roman": "tormozá",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"irregular",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "то́рмоза",
"roman": "tórmoza",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "тормозо́в",
"roman": "tormozóv",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "то́рмозу",
"roman": "tórmozu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "тормоза́м",
"roman": "tormozám",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "то́рмоз",
"roman": "tórmoz",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "тормоза́",
"roman": "tormozá",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"irregular",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "то́рмозом",
"roman": "tórmozom",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "тормоза́ми",
"roman": "tormozámi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "то́рмозе",
"roman": "tórmoze",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"prepositional",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "тормоза́х",
"roman": "tormozáx",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"prepositional"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "c",
"2": "то́рмоз",
"3": "(1)",
"adj": "тормозно́й"
},
"expansion": "то́рмоз • (tórmoz) m inan (genitive то́рмоза, nominative plural тормоза́, genitive plural тормозо́в, relational adjective тормозно́й)",
"name": "ru-noun+"
}
],
"lang": "Russian",
"lang_code": "ru",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"brake, brakes"
],
"links": [
[
"brake",
"brake"
],
[
"brakes",
"brakes"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"drag"
],
"links": [
[
"drag",
"drag"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(figuratively) drag"
],
"tags": [
"figuratively"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"slow-witted person, retard"
],
"links": [
[
"slow-witted",
"slow-witted"
],
[
"retard",
"retard"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(figuratively) slow-witted person, retard"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "тугоду́м"
}
],
"tags": [
"figuratively"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"slowpoke"
],
"links": [
[
"slowpoke",
"slowpoke"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(figuratively) slowpoke"
],
"tags": [
"figuratively"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[ˈtorməs]"
},
{
"audio": "Ru-тормоз.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/7/72/Ru-%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%B7.ogg/Ru-%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%B7.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/72/Ru-%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%B7.ogg"
}
],
"word": "тормоз"
}
Download raw JSONL data for тормоз meaning in Russian (7.5kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Russian dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-06-01 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-05-20 using wiktextract (3dadd05 and f1c2b61). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.