See товарищ in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "po-továriščeski",
"word": "по-това́рищески"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "sotovárišč",
"tags": [
"animate",
"masculine"
],
"word": "сотова́рищ"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "továriščeskij",
"word": "това́рищеский"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "továriščestvo",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "това́рищество"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "továrka",
"tags": [
"animate",
"feminine"
],
"word": "това́рка"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "gusʹ svinʹjé ne továrišč",
"word": "гусь свинье́ не това́рищ"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "tvárišč",
"tags": [
"humorous",
"slang"
],
"word": "тва́рищ"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zh",
"2": "-",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Chinese:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Chinese:"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cmn",
"2": "-"
},
"expansion": "Mandarin:",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "達瓦里希"
},
"expansion": "達瓦里希 (dáwǎlǐxī)",
"name": "zh-l"
}
],
"text": "Mandarin: 達瓦里希 (dáwǎlǐxī)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "tovarish",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ English: tovarish",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ English: tovarish"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fi",
"2": "toveri",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Finnish: toveri",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Finnish: toveri"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "izh",
"2": "tovarišša",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Ingrian: tovarišša",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Ingrian: tovarišša"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sah",
"2": "табаарыс",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Yakut: табаарыс (tabaarıs)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Yakut: табаарыс (tabaarıs)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fa",
"2": "تاواریش",
"bor": "1",
"tr": "tâvâriš"
},
"expansion": "→ Persian: تاواریش (tâvâriš)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Persian: تاواریش (tâvâriš)"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ru",
"2": "trk",
"3": "trk-pro"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "dercat"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "Inherited"
},
"expansion": "Inherited",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ru",
"2": "orv",
"3": "товарищь",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Old East Slavic товарищь (tovariščĭ)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ru",
"2": "orv",
"3": "товарищь"
},
"expansion": "Inherited from Old East Slavic товарищь (tovariščĭ)",
"name": "inh+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ru",
"2": "sla-pro",
"3": "*tovariščь"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Slavic *tovariščь",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "*tovarъ",
"3": "*-iščь",
"nocat": "1"
},
"expansion": "*tovarъ + *-iščь",
"name": "af"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Old East Slavic товарищь (tovariščĭ), from Proto-Slavic *tovariščь, from *tovarъ + *-iščь.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "това́рищ",
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "továrišč",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "това́рища",
"tags": [
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "това́рищи",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "това́рищей",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "това́рка",
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
},
{
"form": "това́рищеский",
"tags": [
"adjective",
"relational"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "ru-noun-table",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "sibilant-stem",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "accent-a",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "това́рищ",
"roman": "továrišč",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "това́рищи",
"roman": "továrišči",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "това́рища",
"roman": "továrišča",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "това́рищей",
"roman": "továriščej",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "това́рищу",
"roman": "továrišču",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "това́рищам",
"roman": "továriščam",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "това́рища",
"roman": "továrišča",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "това́рищей",
"roman": "továriščej",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "това́рищем",
"roman": "továriščem",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "това́рищами",
"roman": "továriščami",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "това́рище",
"roman": "továrišče",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"prepositional",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "това́рищах",
"roman": "továriščax",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"prepositional"
]
},
{
"form": "това́рищъ",
"roman": "továrišč",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "тов.",
"roman": "tov.",
"tags": [
"alternative",
"abbreviation"
]
},
{
"form": "т.",
"roman": "t.",
"tags": [
"alternative",
"abbreviation"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "това́рищ",
"a": "an",
"adj": "това́рищеский",
"f": "това́рка"
},
"expansion": "това́рищ • (továrišč) m anim (genitive това́рища, nominative plural това́рищи, genitive plural това́рищей, feminine това́рка, relational adjective това́рищеский)",
"name": "ru-noun+"
}
],
"lang": "Russian",
"lang_code": "ru",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "továr",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "това́р"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "64 9 10 9 9",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "ru",
"name": "Communism",
"orig": "ru:Communism",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"comrade, friend (male or female)"
],
"id": "en-товарищ-ru-noun-kKK3i3st",
"links": [
[
"comrade",
"comrade"
],
[
"friend",
"friend"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"mate, companion, pal (male or female)"
],
"id": "en-товарищ-ru-noun-Cno2laaf",
"links": [
[
"mate",
"mate"
],
[
"companion",
"companion"
],
[
"pal",
"pal"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"colleague, assistant (male or female)"
],
"id": "en-товарищ-ru-noun-xlwxVgcO",
"links": [
[
"colleague",
"colleague"
],
[
"assistant",
"assistant"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"classmate, fellow student (male or female)"
],
"id": "en-товарищ-ru-noun-PS3Z15gJ",
"links": [
[
"classmate",
"classmate"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "9 18 10 3 60",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "6 33 6 2 52",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "7 29 9 3 52",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Russian entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "9 26 16 3 46",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Russian links with redundant alt parameters",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "8 20 12 3 57",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Russian links with redundant wikilinks",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "19 18 19 12 33",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Russian nouns with accent pattern a",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "6 15 7 4 69",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Russian terms of address",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "0 0 0 0 100",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "ru",
"name": "People",
"orig": "ru:People",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "19 6 7 3 64",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "ru",
"name": "Soviet Union",
"orig": "ru:Soviet Union",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "6 15 5 5 69",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "ru",
"name": "Titles",
"orig": "ru:Titles",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"a word used to address compatriots, fellow citizens (male or female) in the Soviet era"
],
"id": "en-товарищ-ru-noun-gdGBrDr~",
"links": [
[
"Soviet",
"Soviet#English"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[tɐˈvarʲɪɕː]"
},
{
"audio": "Ru-товарищ.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/2/2e/Ru-%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%89.ogg/Ru-%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%89.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/2e/Ru-%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%89.ogg"
}
],
"word": "товарищ"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Russian 3-syllable words",
"Russian animate nouns",
"Russian entries with incorrect language header",
"Russian lemmas",
"Russian links with redundant alt parameters",
"Russian links with redundant wikilinks",
"Russian masculine nouns",
"Russian nouns",
"Russian nouns with accent pattern a",
"Russian sibilant-stem masculine-form accent-a nouns",
"Russian sibilant-stem masculine-form nouns",
"Russian terms derived from Old East Slavic",
"Russian terms derived from Proto-Slavic",
"Russian terms derived from Proto-Turkic",
"Russian terms derived from Turkic languages",
"Russian terms inherited from Old East Slavic",
"Russian terms inherited from Proto-Slavic",
"Russian terms of address",
"Russian terms with IPA pronunciation",
"ru:Communism",
"ru:People",
"ru:Soviet Union",
"ru:Titles"
],
"derived": [
{
"roman": "po-továriščeski",
"word": "по-това́рищески"
},
{
"roman": "sotovárišč",
"tags": [
"animate",
"masculine"
],
"word": "сотова́рищ"
},
{
"roman": "továriščeskij",
"word": "това́рищеский"
},
{
"roman": "továriščestvo",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "това́рищество"
},
{
"roman": "továrka",
"tags": [
"animate",
"feminine"
],
"word": "това́рка"
},
{
"roman": "gusʹ svinʹjé ne továrišč",
"word": "гусь свинье́ не това́рищ"
},
{
"roman": "tvárišč",
"tags": [
"humorous",
"slang"
],
"word": "тва́рищ"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zh",
"2": "-",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Chinese:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Chinese:"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cmn",
"2": "-"
},
"expansion": "Mandarin:",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "達瓦里希"
},
"expansion": "達瓦里希 (dáwǎlǐxī)",
"name": "zh-l"
}
],
"text": "Mandarin: 達瓦里希 (dáwǎlǐxī)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "tovarish",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ English: tovarish",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ English: tovarish"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fi",
"2": "toveri",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Finnish: toveri",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Finnish: toveri"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "izh",
"2": "tovarišša",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Ingrian: tovarišša",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Ingrian: tovarišša"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sah",
"2": "табаарыс",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Yakut: табаарыс (tabaarıs)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Yakut: табаарыс (tabaarıs)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fa",
"2": "تاواریش",
"bor": "1",
"tr": "tâvâriš"
},
"expansion": "→ Persian: تاواریش (tâvâriš)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Persian: تاواریش (tâvâriš)"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ru",
"2": "trk",
"3": "trk-pro"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "dercat"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "Inherited"
},
"expansion": "Inherited",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ru",
"2": "orv",
"3": "товарищь",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Old East Slavic товарищь (tovariščĭ)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ru",
"2": "orv",
"3": "товарищь"
},
"expansion": "Inherited from Old East Slavic товарищь (tovariščĭ)",
"name": "inh+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ru",
"2": "sla-pro",
"3": "*tovariščь"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Slavic *tovariščь",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "*tovarъ",
"3": "*-iščь",
"nocat": "1"
},
"expansion": "*tovarъ + *-iščь",
"name": "af"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Old East Slavic товарищь (tovariščĭ), from Proto-Slavic *tovariščь, from *tovarъ + *-iščь.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "това́рищ",
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "továrišč",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "това́рища",
"tags": [
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "това́рищи",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "това́рищей",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "това́рка",
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
},
{
"form": "това́рищеский",
"tags": [
"adjective",
"relational"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "ru-noun-table",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "sibilant-stem",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "accent-a",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "това́рищ",
"roman": "továrišč",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "това́рищи",
"roman": "továrišči",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "това́рища",
"roman": "továrišča",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "това́рищей",
"roman": "továriščej",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "това́рищу",
"roman": "továrišču",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "това́рищам",
"roman": "továriščam",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "това́рища",
"roman": "továrišča",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "това́рищей",
"roman": "továriščej",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "това́рищем",
"roman": "továriščem",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "това́рищами",
"roman": "továriščami",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "това́рище",
"roman": "továrišče",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"prepositional",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "това́рищах",
"roman": "továriščax",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"prepositional"
]
},
{
"form": "това́рищъ",
"roman": "továrišč",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "тов.",
"roman": "tov.",
"tags": [
"alternative",
"abbreviation"
]
},
{
"form": "т.",
"roman": "t.",
"tags": [
"alternative",
"abbreviation"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "това́рищ",
"a": "an",
"adj": "това́рищеский",
"f": "това́рка"
},
"expansion": "това́рищ • (továrišč) m anim (genitive това́рища, nominative plural това́рищи, genitive plural това́рищей, feminine това́рка, relational adjective това́рищеский)",
"name": "ru-noun+"
}
],
"lang": "Russian",
"lang_code": "ru",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"roman": "továr",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "това́р"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"comrade, friend (male or female)"
],
"links": [
[
"comrade",
"comrade"
],
[
"friend",
"friend"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"mate, companion, pal (male or female)"
],
"links": [
[
"mate",
"mate"
],
[
"companion",
"companion"
],
[
"pal",
"pal"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"colleague, assistant (male or female)"
],
"links": [
[
"colleague",
"colleague"
],
[
"assistant",
"assistant"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"classmate, fellow student (male or female)"
],
"links": [
[
"classmate",
"classmate"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"a word used to address compatriots, fellow citizens (male or female) in the Soviet era"
],
"links": [
[
"Soviet",
"Soviet#English"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[tɐˈvarʲɪɕː]"
},
{
"audio": "Ru-товарищ.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/2/2e/Ru-%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%89.ogg/Ru-%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%89.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/2e/Ru-%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%89.ogg"
}
],
"word": "товарищ"
}
Download raw JSONL data for товарищ meaning in Russian (7.6kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Russian dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-06-05 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-06-01 using wiktextract (5ee713e and f1c2b61). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.