See товарищ on Wiktionary
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "po-továriščeski",
"word": "по-това́рищески"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "sotovárišč",
"tags": [
"animate",
"masculine"
],
"word": "сотова́рищ"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "továriščeskij",
"word": "това́рищеский"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "továriščestvo",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "това́рищество"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "továrka",
"tags": [
"animate",
"feminine"
],
"word": "това́рка"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "gusʹ svinʹjé ne továrišč",
"word": "гусь свинье́ не това́рищ"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "tvárišč",
"tags": [
"humorous",
"slang"
],
"word": "тва́рищ"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zh",
"2": "-",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Chinese:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Chinese:"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cmn",
"2": "-"
},
"expansion": "Mandarin:",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "達瓦里希"
},
"expansion": "達瓦里希 (dáwǎlǐxī)",
"name": "zh-l"
}
],
"text": "Mandarin: 達瓦里希 (dáwǎlǐxī)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "tovarish",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ English: tovarish",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ English: tovarish"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fi",
"2": "toveri",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Finnish: toveri",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Finnish: toveri"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "izh",
"2": "tovarišša",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Ingrian: tovarišša",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Ingrian: tovarišša"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sah",
"2": "табаарыс",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Yakut: табаарыс (tabaarıs)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Yakut: табаарыс (tabaarıs)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fa",
"2": "تاواریش",
"bor": "1",
"tr": "tâvâriš"
},
"expansion": "→ Persian: تاواریش (tâvâriš)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Persian: تاواریش (tâvâriš)"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ru",
"2": "trk",
"3": "trk-pro"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "dercat"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "Inherited"
},
"expansion": "Inherited",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ru",
"2": "orv",
"3": "товарищь",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Old East Slavic товарищь (tovariščĭ)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ru",
"2": "orv",
"3": "товарищь"
},
"expansion": "Inherited from Old East Slavic товарищь (tovariščĭ)",
"name": "inh+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ru",
"2": "sla-pro",
"3": "*tovariščь"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Slavic *tovariščь",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "*tovarъ",
"3": "*-iščь",
"nocat": "1"
},
"expansion": "*tovarъ + *-iščь",
"name": "af"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Old East Slavic товарищь (tovariščĭ), from Proto-Slavic *tovariščь, from *tovarъ + *-iščь.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "това́рищ",
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "továrišč",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "това́рища",
"tags": [
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "това́рищи",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "това́рищей",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "това́рка",
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
},
{
"form": "това́рищеский",
"tags": [
"adjective",
"relational"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "ru-noun-table",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "sibilant-stem",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "accent-a",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "това́рищ",
"roman": "továrišč",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "това́рищи",
"roman": "továrišči",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "това́рища",
"roman": "továrišča",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "това́рищей",
"roman": "továriščej",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "това́рищу",
"roman": "továrišču",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "това́рищам",
"roman": "továriščam",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "това́рища",
"roman": "továrišča",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "това́рищей",
"roman": "továriščej",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "това́рищем",
"roman": "továriščem",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "това́рищами",
"roman": "továriščami",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "това́рище",
"roman": "továrišče",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"prepositional",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "това́рищах",
"roman": "továriščax",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"prepositional"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "това́рищ",
"a": "an",
"adj": "това́рищеский",
"f": "това́рка"
},
"expansion": "това́рищ • (továrišč) m anim (genitive това́рища, nominative plural това́рищи, genitive plural това́рищей, feminine това́рка, relational adjective това́рищеский)",
"name": "ru-noun+"
}
],
"lang": "Russian",
"lang_code": "ru",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "továr",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "това́р"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"comrade, friend (male or female)"
],
"id": "en-товарищ-ru-noun-kKK3i3st",
"links": [
[
"comrade",
"comrade"
],
[
"friend",
"friend"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "4 23 28 27 18",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "ru",
"name": "People",
"orig": "ru:People",
"parents": [
"Human",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"mate, companion, pal (male or female)"
],
"id": "en-товарищ-ru-noun-Cno2laaf",
"links": [
[
"mate",
"mate"
],
[
"companion",
"companion"
],
[
"pal",
"pal"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "4 23 28 27 18",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "ru",
"name": "People",
"orig": "ru:People",
"parents": [
"Human",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"colleague, assistant (male or female)"
],
"id": "en-товарищ-ru-noun-xlwxVgcO",
"links": [
[
"colleague",
"colleague"
],
[
"assistant",
"assistant"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "4 23 28 27 18",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "ru",
"name": "People",
"orig": "ru:People",
"parents": [
"Human",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"classmate, fellow student (male or female)"
],
"id": "en-товарищ-ru-noun-PS3Z15gJ",
"links": [
[
"classmate",
"classmate"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "9 23 11 6 51",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "5 33 8 4 50",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "4 32 16 4 44",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Russian entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "4 22 17 4 53",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Russian links with redundant wikilinks",
"parents": [
"Links with redundant wikilinks",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "18 17 18 15 32",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Russian nouns with accent pattern a",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "4 18 9 4 65",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Russian terms of address",
"parents": [
"Terms of address",
"Terms by usage"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "21 14 6 7 52",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "ru",
"name": "Communism",
"orig": "ru:Communism",
"parents": [
"Ideologies",
"Leftism",
"Socialism",
"Politics",
"Society",
"Economics",
"All topics",
"Social sciences",
"Fundamental",
"Sciences"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "4 23 28 27 18",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "ru",
"name": "People",
"orig": "ru:People",
"parents": [
"Human",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "3 22 20 18 37",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "ru",
"name": "Titles",
"orig": "ru:Titles",
"parents": [
"People",
"Human",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "8 7 7 8 70",
"kind": "place",
"langcode": "ru",
"name": "Soviet Union",
"orig": "ru:Soviet Union",
"parents": [
"Asia",
"Europe",
"Earth",
"Eurasia",
"Nature",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"a word used to address compatriots, fellow citizens (male or female) in the Soviet era"
],
"id": "en-товарищ-ru-noun-gdGBrDr~",
"links": [
[
"Soviet",
"Soviet#English"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[tɐˈvarʲɪɕː]"
},
{
"audio": "Ru-товарищ.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/2/2e/Ru-%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%89.ogg/Ru-%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%89.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/2e/Ru-%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%89.ogg"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "továrišč",
"word": "това́рищъ — Pre-reform orthography (1918)"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "tov.",
"tags": [
"abbreviation"
],
"word": "тов."
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "t.",
"tags": [
"abbreviation"
],
"word": "т."
}
],
"word": "товарищ"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Russian 3-syllable words",
"Russian animate nouns",
"Russian entries with incorrect language header",
"Russian lemmas",
"Russian links with redundant wikilinks",
"Russian masculine nouns",
"Russian nouns",
"Russian nouns with accent pattern a",
"Russian sibilant-stem masculine-form accent-a nouns",
"Russian sibilant-stem masculine-form nouns",
"Russian terms derived from Old East Slavic",
"Russian terms derived from Proto-Slavic",
"Russian terms derived from Proto-Turkic",
"Russian terms derived from Turkic languages",
"Russian terms inherited from Old East Slavic",
"Russian terms inherited from Proto-Slavic",
"Russian terms of address",
"Russian terms with IPA pronunciation",
"ru:Communism",
"ru:People",
"ru:Soviet Union",
"ru:Titles"
],
"derived": [
{
"roman": "po-továriščeski",
"word": "по-това́рищески"
},
{
"roman": "sotovárišč",
"tags": [
"animate",
"masculine"
],
"word": "сотова́рищ"
},
{
"roman": "továriščeskij",
"word": "това́рищеский"
},
{
"roman": "továriščestvo",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "това́рищество"
},
{
"roman": "továrka",
"tags": [
"animate",
"feminine"
],
"word": "това́рка"
},
{
"roman": "gusʹ svinʹjé ne továrišč",
"word": "гусь свинье́ не това́рищ"
},
{
"roman": "tvárišč",
"tags": [
"humorous",
"slang"
],
"word": "тва́рищ"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zh",
"2": "-",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Chinese:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Chinese:"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cmn",
"2": "-"
},
"expansion": "Mandarin:",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "達瓦里希"
},
"expansion": "達瓦里希 (dáwǎlǐxī)",
"name": "zh-l"
}
],
"text": "Mandarin: 達瓦里希 (dáwǎlǐxī)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "tovarish",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ English: tovarish",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ English: tovarish"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fi",
"2": "toveri",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Finnish: toveri",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Finnish: toveri"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "izh",
"2": "tovarišša",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Ingrian: tovarišša",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Ingrian: tovarišša"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sah",
"2": "табаарыс",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Yakut: табаарыс (tabaarıs)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Yakut: табаарыс (tabaarıs)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fa",
"2": "تاواریش",
"bor": "1",
"tr": "tâvâriš"
},
"expansion": "→ Persian: تاواریش (tâvâriš)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Persian: تاواریش (tâvâriš)"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ru",
"2": "trk",
"3": "trk-pro"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "dercat"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "Inherited"
},
"expansion": "Inherited",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ru",
"2": "orv",
"3": "товарищь",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Old East Slavic товарищь (tovariščĭ)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ru",
"2": "orv",
"3": "товарищь"
},
"expansion": "Inherited from Old East Slavic товарищь (tovariščĭ)",
"name": "inh+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ru",
"2": "sla-pro",
"3": "*tovariščь"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Slavic *tovariščь",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "*tovarъ",
"3": "*-iščь",
"nocat": "1"
},
"expansion": "*tovarъ + *-iščь",
"name": "af"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Old East Slavic товарищь (tovariščĭ), from Proto-Slavic *tovariščь, from *tovarъ + *-iščь.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "това́рищ",
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "továrišč",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "това́рища",
"tags": [
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "това́рищи",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "това́рищей",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "това́рка",
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
},
{
"form": "това́рищеский",
"tags": [
"adjective",
"relational"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "ru-noun-table",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "sibilant-stem",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "accent-a",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "това́рищ",
"roman": "továrišč",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "това́рищи",
"roman": "továrišči",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "това́рища",
"roman": "továrišča",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "това́рищей",
"roman": "továriščej",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "това́рищу",
"roman": "továrišču",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "това́рищам",
"roman": "továriščam",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "това́рища",
"roman": "továrišča",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "това́рищей",
"roman": "továriščej",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "това́рищем",
"roman": "továriščem",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "това́рищами",
"roman": "továriščami",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "това́рище",
"roman": "továrišče",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"prepositional",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "това́рищах",
"roman": "továriščax",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"prepositional"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "това́рищ",
"a": "an",
"adj": "това́рищеский",
"f": "това́рка"
},
"expansion": "това́рищ • (továrišč) m anim (genitive това́рища, nominative plural това́рищи, genitive plural това́рищей, feminine това́рка, relational adjective това́рищеский)",
"name": "ru-noun+"
}
],
"lang": "Russian",
"lang_code": "ru",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"roman": "továr",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "това́р"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"comrade, friend (male or female)"
],
"links": [
[
"comrade",
"comrade"
],
[
"friend",
"friend"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"mate, companion, pal (male or female)"
],
"links": [
[
"mate",
"mate"
],
[
"companion",
"companion"
],
[
"pal",
"pal"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"colleague, assistant (male or female)"
],
"links": [
[
"colleague",
"colleague"
],
[
"assistant",
"assistant"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"classmate, fellow student (male or female)"
],
"links": [
[
"classmate",
"classmate"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"a word used to address compatriots, fellow citizens (male or female) in the Soviet era"
],
"links": [
[
"Soviet",
"Soviet#English"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[tɐˈvarʲɪɕː]"
},
{
"audio": "Ru-товарищ.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/2/2e/Ru-%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%89.ogg/Ru-%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%89.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/2e/Ru-%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%89.ogg"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"roman": "továrišč",
"word": "това́рищъ — Pre-reform orthography (1918)"
},
{
"roman": "tov.",
"tags": [
"abbreviation"
],
"word": "тов."
},
{
"roman": "t.",
"tags": [
"abbreviation"
],
"word": "т."
}
],
"word": "товарищ"
}
Download raw JSONL data for товарищ meaning in All languages combined (7.5kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-01-18 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-01-01 using wiktextract (e4a2c88 and 4230888). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.