"познавать" meaning in Russian

See познавать in All languages combined, or Wiktionary

Verb

IPA: [pəznɐˈvatʲ] Audio: LL-Q7737 (rus)-Rominf-познавать.wav
Etymology: позна́ть (poznátʹ) + -ва́ть (-vátʹ) Etymology templates: {{af|ru|позна́ть|-ва́ть}} позна́ть (poznátʹ) + -ва́ть (-vátʹ) Head templates: {{ru-verb|познава́ть|impf|pf=позна́ть}} познава́ть • (poznavátʹ) impf (perfective позна́ть) Inflection templates: {{ru-conj|impf|13b|познава́ть}} Forms: познава́ть [canonical], poznavátʹ [romanization], позна́ть [perfective], imperfective transitive [table-tags], познава́ть [imperfective, infinitive], познаю́щий [active, participle, present], познава́вший [active, participle, past], познава́емый [participle, passive, present], - [participle, passive, past], познава́я [adverbial, participle, present], познава́в [adverbial, participle, past], познава́вши [adverbial, participle, past], познаю́ [first-person, present, singular], бу́ду познава́ть [first-person, future, singular], познаёшь [present, second-person, singular], бу́дешь познава́ть [future, second-person, singular], познаёт [present, singular, third-person], бу́дет познава́ть [future, singular, third-person], познаём [first-person, plural, present], бу́дем познава́ть [first-person, future, plural], познаёте [plural, present, second-person], бу́дете познава́ть [future, plural, second-person], познаю́т [plural, present, third-person], бу́дут познава́ть [future, plural, third-person], познава́й [imperative, singular], познава́йте [imperative, plural], познава́л [masculine, past, singular], познава́ли [masculine, past, plural], познава́ла [feminine, past, singular], познава́ли [feminine, past, plural], познава́ло [neuter, past, singular], познава́ли [neuter, past, plural]
  1. (philosophy) to cognize
    Sense id: en-познавать-ru-verb-0jhJEhlm Categories (other): Philosophy, Pages with 1 entry, Pages with entries, Russian entries with incorrect language header, Russian terms suffixed with -вать, Thinking Disambiguation of Pages with 1 entry: 24 41 36 Disambiguation of Pages with entries: 33 34 33 Disambiguation of Russian entries with incorrect language header: 37 32 32 Disambiguation of Russian terms suffixed with -вать: 32 34 33 Disambiguation of Thinking: 23 41 36 Topics: human-sciences, philosophy, sciences
  2. to get to know, to learn
    Sense id: en-познавать-ru-verb-E3mdH321 Categories (other): Pages with 1 entry, Pages with entries, Russian entries with incorrect language header, Russian terms suffixed with -вать, Thinking Disambiguation of Pages with 1 entry: 24 41 36 Disambiguation of Pages with entries: 33 34 33 Disambiguation of Russian entries with incorrect language header: 37 32 32 Disambiguation of Russian terms suffixed with -вать: 32 34 33 Disambiguation of Thinking: 23 41 36
  3. to experience, to get to know
    Sense id: en-познавать-ru-verb-yipQyCUg Categories (other): Pages with 1 entry, Pages with entries, Russian entries with incorrect language header, Russian terms suffixed with -вать, Thinking Disambiguation of Pages with 1 entry: 24 41 36 Disambiguation of Pages with entries: 33 34 33 Disambiguation of Russian entries with incorrect language header: 37 32 32 Disambiguation of Russian terms suffixed with -вать: 32 34 33 Disambiguation of Thinking: 23 41 36
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Related terms: позна́ние (poznánije), познава́тельный (poznavátelʹnyj)
{
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ru",
        "2": "позна́ть",
        "3": "-ва́ть"
      },
      "expansion": "позна́ть (poznátʹ) + -ва́ть (-vátʹ)",
      "name": "af"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "позна́ть (poznátʹ) + -ва́ть (-vátʹ)",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "познава́ть",
      "tags": [
        "canonical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "poznavátʹ",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "позна́ть",
      "tags": [
        "perfective"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "imperfective transitive",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ru-conj",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "13b imperfective transitive",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "class"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "познава́ть",
      "roman": "poznavátʹ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfective",
        "infinitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "познаю́щий",
      "roman": "poznajúščij",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "participle",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "познава́вший",
      "roman": "poznavávšij",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "participle",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "познава́емый",
      "roman": "poznavájemyj",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "passive",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "passive",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "познава́я",
      "roman": "poznavája",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "adverbial",
        "participle",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "познава́в",
      "roman": "poznaváv",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "adverbial",
        "participle",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "познава́вши",
      "roman": "poznavávši",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "adverbial",
        "participle",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "познаю́",
      "roman": "poznajú",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "present",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "бу́ду познава́ть",
      "roman": "búdu poznavátʹ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "future",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "познаёшь",
      "roman": "poznajóšʹ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "бу́дешь познава́ть",
      "roman": "búdešʹ poznavátʹ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "познаёт",
      "roman": "poznajót",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "бу́дет познава́ть",
      "roman": "búdet poznavátʹ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "познаём",
      "roman": "poznajóm",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "plural",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "бу́дем познава́ть",
      "roman": "búdem poznavátʹ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "future",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "познаёте",
      "roman": "poznajóte",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "present",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "бу́дете познава́ть",
      "roman": "búdete poznavátʹ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "познаю́т",
      "roman": "poznajút",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "present",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "бу́дут познава́ть",
      "roman": "búdut poznavátʹ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "познава́й",
      "roman": "poznaváj",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "познава́йте",
      "roman": "poznavájte",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "познава́л",
      "roman": "poznavál",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "past",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "познава́ли",
      "roman": "poznaváli",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "past",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "познава́ла",
      "roman": "poznavála",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "past",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "познава́ли",
      "roman": "poznaváli",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "past",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "познава́ло",
      "roman": "poznaválo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "neuter",
        "past",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "познава́ли",
      "roman": "poznaváli",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "neuter",
        "past",
        "plural"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "познава́ть",
        "2": "impf",
        "pf": "позна́ть"
      },
      "expansion": "познава́ть • (poznavátʹ) impf (perfective позна́ть)",
      "name": "ru-verb"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "impf",
        "2": "13b",
        "3": "познава́ть"
      },
      "name": "ru-conj"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Russian",
  "lang_code": "ru",
  "pos": "verb",
  "related": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "roman": "poznánije",
      "word": "позна́ние"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "roman": "poznavátelʹnyj",
      "word": "познава́тельный"
    }
  ],
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "langcode": "ru",
          "name": "Philosophy",
          "orig": "ru:Philosophy",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "24 41 36",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with 1 entry",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "33 34 33",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "37 32 32",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Russian entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "32 34 33",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Russian terms suffixed with -вать",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "23 41 36",
          "kind": "other",
          "langcode": "ru",
          "name": "Thinking",
          "orig": "ru:Thinking",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "to cognize"
      ],
      "id": "en-познавать-ru-verb-0jhJEhlm",
      "links": [
        [
          "philosophy",
          "philosophy"
        ],
        [
          "cognize",
          "cognize"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(philosophy) to cognize"
      ],
      "topics": [
        "human-sciences",
        "philosophy",
        "sciences"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "24 41 36",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with 1 entry",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "33 34 33",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "37 32 32",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Russian entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "32 34 33",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Russian terms suffixed with -вать",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "23 41 36",
          "kind": "other",
          "langcode": "ru",
          "name": "Thinking",
          "orig": "ru:Thinking",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "to get to know, to learn"
      ],
      "id": "en-познавать-ru-verb-E3mdH321",
      "links": [
        [
          "get",
          "get"
        ],
        [
          "to",
          "to"
        ],
        [
          "know",
          "know"
        ],
        [
          "learn",
          "learn"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "24 41 36",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with 1 entry",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "33 34 33",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "37 32 32",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Russian entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "32 34 33",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Russian terms suffixed with -вать",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "23 41 36",
          "kind": "other",
          "langcode": "ru",
          "name": "Thinking",
          "orig": "ru:Thinking",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "to experience, to get to know"
      ],
      "id": "en-познавать-ru-verb-yipQyCUg",
      "links": [
        [
          "experience",
          "experience"
        ],
        [
          "get",
          "get"
        ],
        [
          "to",
          "to"
        ],
        [
          "know",
          "know"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "[pəznɐˈvatʲ]"
    },
    {
      "audio": "LL-Q7737 (rus)-Rominf-познавать.wav",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/6/63/LL-Q7737_%28rus%29-Rominf-%D0%BF%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%8C.wav/LL-Q7737_%28rus%29-Rominf-%D0%BF%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%8C.wav.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/6/63/LL-Q7737_%28rus%29-Rominf-%D0%BF%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%8C.wav/LL-Q7737_%28rus%29-Rominf-%D0%BF%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%8C.wav.ogg"
    }
  ],
  "word": "познавать"
}
{
  "categories": [
    "Pages with 1 entry",
    "Pages with entries",
    "Russian 3-syllable words",
    "Russian class 13 verbs",
    "Russian class 13b verbs",
    "Russian entries with incorrect language header",
    "Russian imperfective verbs",
    "Russian lemmas",
    "Russian terms suffixed with -вать",
    "Russian terms with IPA pronunciation",
    "Russian transitive verbs",
    "Russian verbs",
    "ru:Thinking"
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ru",
        "2": "позна́ть",
        "3": "-ва́ть"
      },
      "expansion": "позна́ть (poznátʹ) + -ва́ть (-vátʹ)",
      "name": "af"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "позна́ть (poznátʹ) + -ва́ть (-vátʹ)",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "познава́ть",
      "tags": [
        "canonical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "poznavátʹ",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "позна́ть",
      "tags": [
        "perfective"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "imperfective transitive",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ru-conj",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "13b imperfective transitive",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "class"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "познава́ть",
      "roman": "poznavátʹ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfective",
        "infinitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "познаю́щий",
      "roman": "poznajúščij",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "participle",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "познава́вший",
      "roman": "poznavávšij",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "participle",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "познава́емый",
      "roman": "poznavájemyj",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "passive",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "passive",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "познава́я",
      "roman": "poznavája",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "adverbial",
        "participle",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "познава́в",
      "roman": "poznaváv",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "adverbial",
        "participle",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "познава́вши",
      "roman": "poznavávši",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "adverbial",
        "participle",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "познаю́",
      "roman": "poznajú",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "present",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "бу́ду познава́ть",
      "roman": "búdu poznavátʹ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "future",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "познаёшь",
      "roman": "poznajóšʹ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "бу́дешь познава́ть",
      "roman": "búdešʹ poznavátʹ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "познаёт",
      "roman": "poznajót",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "бу́дет познава́ть",
      "roman": "búdet poznavátʹ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "познаём",
      "roman": "poznajóm",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "plural",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "бу́дем познава́ть",
      "roman": "búdem poznavátʹ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "future",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "познаёте",
      "roman": "poznajóte",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "present",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "бу́дете познава́ть",
      "roman": "búdete poznavátʹ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "познаю́т",
      "roman": "poznajút",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "present",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "бу́дут познава́ть",
      "roman": "búdut poznavátʹ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "познава́й",
      "roman": "poznaváj",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "познава́йте",
      "roman": "poznavájte",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "познава́л",
      "roman": "poznavál",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "past",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "познава́ли",
      "roman": "poznaváli",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "past",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "познава́ла",
      "roman": "poznavála",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "past",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "познава́ли",
      "roman": "poznaváli",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "past",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "познава́ло",
      "roman": "poznaválo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "neuter",
        "past",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "познава́ли",
      "roman": "poznaváli",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "neuter",
        "past",
        "plural"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "познава́ть",
        "2": "impf",
        "pf": "позна́ть"
      },
      "expansion": "познава́ть • (poznavátʹ) impf (perfective позна́ть)",
      "name": "ru-verb"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "impf",
        "2": "13b",
        "3": "познава́ть"
      },
      "name": "ru-conj"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Russian",
  "lang_code": "ru",
  "pos": "verb",
  "related": [
    {
      "roman": "poznánije",
      "word": "позна́ние"
    },
    {
      "roman": "poznavátelʹnyj",
      "word": "познава́тельный"
    }
  ],
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "ru:Philosophy"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "to cognize"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "philosophy",
          "philosophy"
        ],
        [
          "cognize",
          "cognize"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(philosophy) to cognize"
      ],
      "topics": [
        "human-sciences",
        "philosophy",
        "sciences"
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "to get to know, to learn"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "get",
          "get"
        ],
        [
          "to",
          "to"
        ],
        [
          "know",
          "know"
        ],
        [
          "learn",
          "learn"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "to experience, to get to know"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "experience",
          "experience"
        ],
        [
          "get",
          "get"
        ],
        [
          "to",
          "to"
        ],
        [
          "know",
          "know"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "[pəznɐˈvatʲ]"
    },
    {
      "audio": "LL-Q7737 (rus)-Rominf-познавать.wav",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/6/63/LL-Q7737_%28rus%29-Rominf-%D0%BF%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%8C.wav/LL-Q7737_%28rus%29-Rominf-%D0%BF%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%8C.wav.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/6/63/LL-Q7737_%28rus%29-Rominf-%D0%BF%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%8C.wav/LL-Q7737_%28rus%29-Rominf-%D0%BF%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%8C.wav.ogg"
    }
  ],
  "word": "познавать"
}

Download raw JSONL data for познавать meaning in Russian (6.2kB)


This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Russian dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-08-01 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-07-20 using wiktextract (ed078bd and 3c020d2). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.