See москаль in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "moskalóta",
"word": "москало́та"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "moskálʹka",
"word": "моска́лька"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "moskalják",
"word": "москаля́к"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ro",
"2": "muscal",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Romanian: muscal",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Romanian: muscal"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ru",
"2": "zle-ort",
"3": "москаль"
},
"expansion": "Old Ruthenian москаль (moskalʹ)",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Perhaps derived from Old Ruthenian москаль (moskalʹ), from Московия (Moskovija), referring to the Grand Duchy of Moscow from the 12th century. Its recent negative association originated from referring to soldiers from the Imperial Russian Army, and later applied to the Soviet Army and Russians in general.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "моска́ль",
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "moskálʹ",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "москаля́",
"tags": [
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "москали́",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "москале́й",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "моска́льский",
"tags": [
"adjective",
"relational"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "ru-noun-table",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "soft-stem",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "accent-b",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "моска́ль",
"roman": "moskálʹ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "москали́",
"roman": "moskalí",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "москаля́",
"roman": "moskaljá",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "москале́й",
"roman": "moskaléj",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "москалю́",
"roman": "moskaljú",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "москаля́м",
"roman": "moskaljám",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "москаля́",
"roman": "moskaljá",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "москале́й",
"roman": "moskaléj",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "москалём",
"roman": "moskaljóm",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "москаля́ми",
"roman": "moskaljámi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "москале́",
"roman": "moskalé",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"prepositional",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "москаля́х",
"roman": "moskaljáx",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"prepositional"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "b",
"2": "",
"3": "m",
"a": "an",
"adj": "моска́льский"
},
"expansion": "моска́ль • (moskálʹ) m anim (genitive москаля́, nominative plural москали́, genitive plural москале́й, relational adjective моска́льский)",
"name": "ru-noun+"
}
],
"lang": "Russian",
"lang_code": "ru",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Belarusian Russian",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Russian ethnic slurs",
"parents": [
"Ethnic slurs",
"Offensive terms",
"Terms by usage"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Southern Russian",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Ukrainian Russian",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "28 15 21 4 1 27 4 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 3 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "25 23 18 7 0 24 3 0",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "59 41",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Russian entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "53 47",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Russian ethnic slurs",
"parents": [
"Ethnic slurs",
"Offensive terms",
"Terms by usage"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "58 42",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Russian links with redundant wikilinks",
"parents": [
"Links with redundant wikilinks",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "100 0",
"kind": "place",
"langcode": "ru",
"name": "Russia",
"orig": "ru:Russia",
"parents": [
"Asia",
"Europe",
"Earth",
"Eurasia",
"Nature",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"a Muscovite, someone from Moscow or the surrounding region"
],
"id": "en-москаль-ru-noun-ublMr0kl",
"links": [
[
"ethnic",
"ethnic"
],
[
"slur",
"slur"
],
[
"Muscovite",
"Muscovite"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(Ukraine, Southern Russia, Belarus, ethnic slur) a Muscovite, someone from Moscow or the surrounding region"
],
"tags": [
"Russia",
"Southern",
"Ukraine",
"ethnic",
"slur"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Belarusian Russian",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Russian ethnic slurs",
"parents": [
"Ethnic slurs",
"Offensive terms",
"Terms by usage"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Ukrainian Russian",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "53 47",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Russian ethnic slurs",
"parents": [
"Ethnic slurs",
"Offensive terms",
"Terms by usage"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "25 75",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Russian nouns with accent pattern b",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"any Russian person, Russki"
],
"id": "en-москаль-ru-noun-FRtHRSyt",
"links": [
[
"ethnic",
"ethnic"
],
[
"slur",
"slur"
],
[
"Russian",
"Russian"
],
[
"Russki",
"Russki"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(by extension, Ukraine, Belarus, ethnic slur) any Russian person, Russki"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "каца́п"
}
],
"tags": [
"Ukraine",
"broadly",
"ethnic",
"slur"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[mɐˈskalʲ]"
}
],
"word": "москаль"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 3 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Russian 2-syllable words",
"Russian animate nouns",
"Russian entries with incorrect language header",
"Russian ethnic slurs",
"Russian lemmas",
"Russian links with redundant wikilinks",
"Russian masculine nouns",
"Russian nouns",
"Russian nouns with accent pattern b",
"Russian soft-stem masculine-form accent-b nouns",
"Russian soft-stem masculine-form nouns",
"Russian terms derived from Old Ruthenian",
"Russian terms with IPA pronunciation",
"ru:Russia",
"uk:Russia"
],
"derived": [
{
"roman": "moskalóta",
"word": "москало́та"
},
{
"roman": "moskálʹka",
"word": "моска́лька"
},
{
"roman": "moskalják",
"word": "москаля́к"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ro",
"2": "muscal",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Romanian: muscal",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Romanian: muscal"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ru",
"2": "zle-ort",
"3": "москаль"
},
"expansion": "Old Ruthenian москаль (moskalʹ)",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Perhaps derived from Old Ruthenian москаль (moskalʹ), from Московия (Moskovija), referring to the Grand Duchy of Moscow from the 12th century. Its recent negative association originated from referring to soldiers from the Imperial Russian Army, and later applied to the Soviet Army and Russians in general.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "моска́ль",
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "moskálʹ",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "москаля́",
"tags": [
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "москали́",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "москале́й",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "моска́льский",
"tags": [
"adjective",
"relational"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "ru-noun-table",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "soft-stem",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "accent-b",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "моска́ль",
"roman": "moskálʹ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "москали́",
"roman": "moskalí",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "москаля́",
"roman": "moskaljá",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "москале́й",
"roman": "moskaléj",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "москалю́",
"roman": "moskaljú",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "москаля́м",
"roman": "moskaljám",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "москаля́",
"roman": "moskaljá",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "москале́й",
"roman": "moskaléj",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "москалём",
"roman": "moskaljóm",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "москаля́ми",
"roman": "moskaljámi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "москале́",
"roman": "moskalé",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"prepositional",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "москаля́х",
"roman": "moskaljáx",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"prepositional"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "b",
"2": "",
"3": "m",
"a": "an",
"adj": "моска́льский"
},
"expansion": "моска́ль • (moskálʹ) m anim (genitive москаля́, nominative plural москали́, genitive plural москале́й, relational adjective моска́льский)",
"name": "ru-noun+"
}
],
"lang": "Russian",
"lang_code": "ru",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Belarusian Russian",
"Russian ethnic slurs",
"Southern Russian",
"Ukrainian Russian"
],
"glosses": [
"a Muscovite, someone from Moscow or the surrounding region"
],
"links": [
[
"ethnic",
"ethnic"
],
[
"slur",
"slur"
],
[
"Muscovite",
"Muscovite"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(Ukraine, Southern Russia, Belarus, ethnic slur) a Muscovite, someone from Moscow or the surrounding region"
],
"tags": [
"Russia",
"Southern",
"Ukraine",
"ethnic",
"slur"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Belarusian Russian",
"Russian ethnic slurs",
"Ukrainian Russian"
],
"glosses": [
"any Russian person, Russki"
],
"links": [
[
"ethnic",
"ethnic"
],
[
"slur",
"slur"
],
[
"Russian",
"Russian"
],
[
"Russki",
"Russki"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(by extension, Ukraine, Belarus, ethnic slur) any Russian person, Russki"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "каца́п"
}
],
"tags": [
"Ukraine",
"broadly",
"ethnic",
"slur"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[mɐˈskalʲ]"
}
],
"word": "москаль"
}
Download raw JSONL data for москаль meaning in Russian (4.6kB)
{
"called_from": "form_descriptions/1831",
"msg": "unrecognized sense qualifier: Ukraine, Southern Russia, Belarus, ethnic slur",
"path": [
"москаль"
],
"section": "Russian",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "москаль",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "form_descriptions/1831",
"msg": "unrecognized sense qualifier: Ukraine, Southern Russia, Belarus, ethnic slur",
"path": [
"москаль"
],
"section": "Russian",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "москаль",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "form_descriptions/1831",
"msg": "unrecognized sense qualifier: by extension, Ukraine, Belarus, ethnic slur",
"path": [
"москаль"
],
"section": "Russian",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "москаль",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "form_descriptions/1831",
"msg": "unrecognized sense qualifier: by extension, Ukraine, Belarus, ethnic slur",
"path": [
"москаль"
],
"section": "Russian",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "москаль",
"trace": ""
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Russian dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-01-25 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-01-20 using wiktextract (c15a5ce and 5c11237). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.