See лес in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"roman": "bezlésʹje",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "безле́сье"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"roman": "lesá",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"plural"
],
"word": "леса́"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"roman": "lesník",
"tags": [
"animate",
"masculine"
],
"word": "лесни́к"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"roman": "lesníčij",
"word": "лесни́чий"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"roman": "lesníčestvo",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "лесни́чество"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"roman": "lesnína",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "лесни́на"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"roman": "lesnój",
"word": "лесно́й"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"roman": "lesovój",
"word": "лесово́й"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"roman": "lesístyj",
"word": "леси́стый"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"roman": "lesók",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "лесо́к"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"roman": "lésom",
"word": "ле́сом"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"roman": "léšij",
"tags": [
"animate",
"masculine"
],
"word": "ле́ший"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"roman": "podlésok",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "подле́сок"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"roman": "lesovód",
"word": "лесово́д"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"roman": "lesovódčeskij",
"word": "лесово́дческий"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"roman": "lesovódstvo",
"word": "лесово́дство"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"roman": "lesovódstvennyj",
"word": "лесово́дственный"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"roman": "lesovóz",
"word": "лесово́з"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"roman": "lesovozvraščénije",
"word": "лесовозвраще́ние"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"roman": "lesovozobnovlénije",
"word": "лесовозобновле́ние"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"roman": "lesozavód",
"word": "лесозаво́д"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"roman": "lesozagotóvka",
"word": "лесозагото́вка"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"roman": "lesozagotovítelʹnyj",
"word": "лесозаготови́тельный"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"roman": "lesozaščíta",
"word": "лесозащи́та"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"roman": "lesozaščítnyj",
"word": "лесозащи́тный"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"roman": "lesoinženérnyj",
"word": "лесоинжене́рный"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"roman": "lesokátka",
"word": "лесока́тка"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"roman": "lesomateriál",
"word": "лесоматериа́л"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"roman": "lesomeliorácija",
"word": "лесомелиора́ция"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"roman": "lesomelioratívnyj",
"word": "лесомелиорати́вный"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"roman": "lesonasaždénije",
"word": "лесонасажде́ние"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"roman": "lesoobrabátyvajuščij",
"word": "лесообраба́тывающий"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"roman": "lesooxranénije",
"word": "лесоохране́ние"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"roman": "lesopárk",
"word": "лесопа́рк"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"roman": "lesopílka",
"word": "лесопи́лка"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"roman": "lesopílʹnja",
"word": "лесопи́льня"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"roman": "lesopílʹnyj",
"word": "лесопи́льный"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"roman": "lesopitómnik",
"word": "лесопито́мник"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"roman": "lesopolosá",
"word": "лесополоса́"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"roman": "lesoposádki",
"word": "лесопоса́дки"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"roman": "lesoposádočnyj",
"word": "лесопоса́дочный"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"roman": "lesopromýšlennik",
"word": "лесопромы́шленник"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"roman": "lesorazrabótka",
"word": "лесоразрабо́тка"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"roman": "lesorúb",
"word": "лесору́б"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"roman": "lesoséka",
"word": "лесосе́ка"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"roman": "lesospláv",
"word": "лесоспла́в"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"roman": "lesospúsk",
"word": "лесоспу́ск"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"roman": "lesostépʹ",
"word": "лесосте́пь"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"roman": "lesostepnój",
"word": "лесостепно́й"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"roman": "lesosušílka",
"word": "лесосуши́лка"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"roman": "lesotáska",
"word": "лесота́ска"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"roman": "lesotexníčeskij",
"word": "лесотехни́ческий"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"roman": "lesotúndra",
"word": "лесоту́ндра"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"roman": "lesotúndrovyj",
"word": "лесоту́ндровый"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"roman": "lesoustrójstvo",
"word": "лесоустро́йство"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"roman": "lesoxímija",
"word": "лесохи́мия"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"roman": "lesoximíčeskij",
"word": "лесохими́ческий"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"roman": "lesoéksport",
"word": "лесоэ́кспорт"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"roman": "lesxóz",
"word": "лесхо́з"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"roman": "redkolésʹje",
"word": "редколе́сье"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "Inherited"
},
"expansion": "Inherited",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ru",
"2": "orv",
"3": "лѣсъ",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Old East Slavic лѣсъ (lěsŭ)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ru",
"2": "orv",
"3": "лѣсъ"
},
"expansion": "Inherited from Old East Slavic лѣсъ (lěsŭ)",
"name": "inh+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ru",
"2": "sla-pro",
"3": "*lěsъ"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Slavic *lěsъ",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Old East Slavic лѣсъ (lěsŭ), from Proto-Slavic *lěsъ.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "les",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "ле́са",
"tags": [
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "леса́",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "лесо́в",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "лесно́й",
"tags": [
"adjective",
"relational"
]
},
{
"form": "лесово́й",
"tags": [
"adjective",
"relational"
]
},
{
"form": "лесо́к",
"tags": [
"diminutive"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "ru-noun-table",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "hard-stem",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "accent-c",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "ле́с",
"roman": "lés",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "леса́",
"roman": "lesá",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"irregular",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ле́са",
"roman": "lésa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "лесо́в",
"roman": "lesóv",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ле́су",
"roman": "lésu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "леса́м",
"roman": "lesám",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ле́с",
"roman": "lés",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "леса́",
"roman": "lesá",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"irregular",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ле́сом",
"roman": "lésom",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "леса́ми",
"roman": "lesámi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ле́се",
"roman": "lése",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"prepositional",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "леса́х",
"roman": "lesáx",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"prepositional"
]
},
{
"form": "ле́су",
"roman": "lésu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"partitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "лесу́",
"roman": "lesú",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "лѣсъ",
"roman": "lěs",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "c",
"2": "",
"3": "(1)",
"adj": "лесно́й",
"adj2": "лесово́й",
"dim": "лесо́к",
"loc": "+"
},
"expansion": "лес • (les) m inan (genitive ле́са, nominative plural леса́, genitive plural лесо́в, relational adjective лесно́й or лесово́й, diminutive лесо́к)",
"name": "ru-noun+"
}
],
"lang": "Russian",
"lang_code": "ru",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"roman": "dérevo",
"word": "де́рево"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "13 39 40 7",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Russian entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "15 35 34 16",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Russian links with redundant wikilinks",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "27 33 26 14",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Russian nouns ending in a consonant with plural -а",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "28 29 26 17",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Russian nouns with accent pattern c",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "24 27 27 22",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Russian nouns with irregular nominative plural",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "26 28 26 20",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Russian nouns with locative singular",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "26 28 26 20",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Russian nouns with partitive singular",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "49 31 14 5",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "ru",
"name": "Forests",
"orig": "ru:Forests",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "woodland, forests",
"roman": "lesá",
"text": "леса́",
"type": "example"
},
{
"bold_roman_offsets": [
[
12,
15
]
],
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
13,
16
]
],
"english": "virgin forest, primeval forest",
"roman": "dévstvennyj les",
"text": "де́вственный лес",
"type": "example"
},
{
"ref": "запове́дный лес (zapovédnyj les) means",
"text": "запове́дник ― zapovédnik ― protection forest\nта́йный лес, свяще́нный лес, бо́жий лес (poetic) ― tájnyj les, svjaščénnyj les, bóžij les ― sacred forest, a forest that nobody may enter",
"type": "example"
},
{
"bold_roman_offsets": [
[
12,
15
]
],
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
13,
16
]
],
"english": "ship timber",
"roman": "korabélʹnyj les",
"text": "корабе́льный лес",
"type": "example"
},
{
"bold_roman_offsets": [
[
11,
14
]
],
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
12,
15
]
],
"english": "leaf-bearing forest",
"roman": "lístvennyj les",
"text": "ли́ственный лес",
"type": "example"
},
{
"bold_roman_offsets": [
[
10,
13
]
],
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
11,
14
]
],
"english": "mixed forest",
"roman": "sméšannyj les",
"text": "сме́шанный лес",
"type": "example"
},
{
"bold_roman_offsets": [
[
12,
15
]
],
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
13,
16
]
],
"english": "rainforest",
"roman": "tropíčeskij les",
"text": "тропи́ческий лес",
"type": "example"
},
{
"bold_roman_offsets": [
[
8,
11
]
],
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
9,
12
]
],
"english": "coniferous forest",
"roman": "xvójnyj les",
"text": "хво́йный лес",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "thicket, the depths of forest",
"roman": "čášča lesa",
"text": "ча́ща леса",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "murmur of the forest",
"roman": "šum lesa",
"text": "шум леса",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "at sea, lost, disoriented",
"raw_tags": [
"saying"
],
"roman": "kak v lesú",
"text": "как в лесу́",
"type": "example"
},
{
"bold_roman_offsets": [
[
6,
9
]
],
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
6,
9
]
],
"english": "(to be) at sixes and sevens",
"literal_meaning": "some go to the forest, some go for firewood",
"raw_tags": [
"proverb"
],
"roman": "kto v les, kto po drová",
"text": "кто в лес, кто по дрова́",
"type": "example"
},
{
"bold_roman_offsets": [
[
0,
3
]
],
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
0,
3
]
],
"english": "you can’t make an omelette without breaking eggs",
"literal_meaning": "when cutting trees, chips fly",
"raw_tags": [
"proverb"
],
"roman": "les rúbjat — ščépki letját",
"text": "лес ру́бят — ще́пки летя́т",
"type": "example"
},
{
"bold_roman_offsets": [
[
24,
27
]
],
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
24,
27
]
],
"english": "it is all Greek (to him), (he is) completely in the dark about it",
"literal_meaning": "this is the dark forest for him",
"raw_tags": [
"saying, figuratively"
],
"roman": "(dlja nevó) éto tjómnyj les",
"text": "(для него́) э́то тёмный лес",
"type": "example"
},
{
"bold_roman_offsets": [
[
25,
28
]
],
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
27,
30
]
],
"english": "it is all Greek (to him), (he is) completely in the dark about it",
"literal_meaning": "this is the dark forest for him",
"raw_tags": [
"saying, figuratively"
],
"roman": "(dlja nevó) éto dremúčij les",
"text": "(для него́) э́то дрему́чий лес",
"type": "example"
},
{
"literal_meaning": "in the forest people become wild, and become people among people",
"raw_tags": [
"proverb"
],
"roman": "v lesú ljúdi lesejut, a v ljúdjax ljudejut",
"text": "в лесу́ лю́ди лесеют, а в лю́дях людеют",
"type": "example"
},
{
"bold_roman_offsets": [
[
4,
7
]
],
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
4,
7
]
],
"literal_meaning": "the man who owns a forest, also owns a stump",
"raw_tags": [
"proverb"
],
"roman": "čej les, tovó i penʹ",
"text": "чей лес, того́ и пень",
"type": "example"
},
{
"bold_roman_offsets": [
[
6,
10
]
],
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
6,
11
]
],
"english": "people are not equal",
"literal_meaning": "God doesn’t even make the forest equal",
"raw_tags": [
"saying"
],
"roman": "Box i lésu ne sravnjál",
"text": "Бог и ле́су не сравня́л",
"type": "example"
},
{
"bold_english_offsets": [
[
149,
155
]
],
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
152,
158
]
],
"english": "Tatarsky could sense that his thoughts were filled with such power that each one was a stratum of reality, just as important in every respect as the forest he was walking through this evening.",
"ref": "1999, Виктор Пелевин [Victor Pelevin], “Три загадки Иштар”, in Generation «П», Вагриус; English translation from Andrew Bromfield, transl., Homo Zapiens, London: Penguin Books, 2000:",
"roman": "Tatárskij čúvstvoval, što jevó mýsli polný takój síly, što káždaja iz nix — éto plast reálʹnosti, ravnoprávnyj vo vsex otnošénijax s večérnim lésom, po kotóromu on idjót.",
"text": "Тата́рский чу́вствовал, что его́ мы́сли полны́ тако́й си́лы, что ка́ждая из них — э́то пласт реа́льности, равнопра́вный во всех отноше́ниях с вече́рним ле́сом, по кото́рому он идёт.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"forest, woods"
],
"hyponyms": [
{
"_dis1": "71 29 0 0",
"roman": "bereznják",
"sense": "forest",
"word": "березня́к"
},
{
"_dis1": "71 29 0 0",
"roman": "bor",
"sense": "forest",
"word": "бор"
},
{
"_dis1": "71 29 0 0",
"roman": "dubráva",
"sense": "forest",
"word": "дубра́ва"
},
{
"_dis1": "71 29 0 0",
"roman": "jélʹnik",
"sense": "forest",
"word": "е́льник"
},
{
"_dis1": "71 29 0 0",
"roman": "osínnik",
"sense": "forest",
"word": "оси́нник"
},
{
"_dis1": "71 29 0 0",
"roman": "púšča",
"sense": "forest",
"word": "пу́ща"
},
{
"_dis1": "71 29 0 0",
"roman": "róšča",
"sense": "forest",
"word": "ро́ща"
},
{
"_dis1": "71 29 0 0",
"roman": "tajgá",
"sense": "forest",
"word": "тайга́"
},
{
"_dis1": "71 29 0 0",
"roman": "čášča",
"sense": "forest",
"word": "ча́ща"
}
],
"id": "en-лес-ru-noun-ru:forest",
"links": [
[
"forest",
"forest"
],
[
"woods",
"woods"
]
],
"meronyms": [
{
"_dis1": "71 29 0 0",
"roman": "opúška",
"sense": "forest",
"word": "опу́шка"
},
{
"_dis1": "71 29 0 0",
"roman": "poljána",
"sense": "forest",
"word": "поля́на"
},
{
"_dis1": "71 29 0 0",
"roman": "próseka",
"sense": "forest",
"word": "про́сека"
}
],
"senseid": [
"ru:forest"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "13 39 40 7",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Russian entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "13 41 32 15",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Russian links with redundant alt parameters",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "15 35 34 16",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Russian links with redundant wikilinks",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "27 33 26 14",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Russian nouns ending in a consonant with plural -а",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "28 29 26 17",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Russian nouns with accent pattern c",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "24 27 27 22",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Russian nouns with irregular nominative plural",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "26 28 26 20",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Russian nouns with locative singular",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "26 28 26 20",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Russian nouns with partitive singular",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_roman_offsets": [
[
0,
3
]
],
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
0,
4
]
],
"english": "timber float",
"roman": "lés v plotáx",
"text": "ле́с в плота́х",
"type": "example"
},
{
"bold_roman_offsets": [
[
0,
3
]
],
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
0,
4
]
],
"english": "standing timber",
"roman": "lés na kornjú",
"text": "ле́с на корню́",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"lumber, timber"
],
"id": "en-лес-ru-noun-3--cb4jj",
"links": [
[
"lumber",
"lumber"
],
[
"timber",
"timber"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(only singular) lumber, timber"
],
"tags": [
"singular"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "13 39 40 7",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Russian entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "15 35 34 16",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Russian links with redundant wikilinks",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "27 33 26 14",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Russian nouns ending in a consonant with plural -а",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "28 29 26 17",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Russian nouns with accent pattern c",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "24 27 27 22",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Russian nouns with irregular nominative plural",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "26 28 26 20",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Russian nouns with locative singular",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "26 28 26 20",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Russian nouns with partitive singular",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "scaffolding, scaffold trestle",
"roman": "lesá",
"text": "леса́",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"леса́ scaffolding, scaffold trestle, falsework"
],
"id": "en-лес-ru-noun-WJDzjTyn",
"links": [
[
"scaffolding",
"scaffolding"
],
[
"scaffold",
"scaffold"
],
[
"trestle",
"trestle"
],
[
"falsework",
"falsework"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(only plural) леса́ scaffolding, scaffold trestle, falsework"
],
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "15 35 34 16",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Russian links with redundant wikilinks",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "27 33 26 14",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Russian nouns ending in a consonant with plural -а",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "28 29 26 17",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Russian nouns with accent pattern c",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "24 27 27 22",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Russian nouns with irregular nominative plural",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "26 28 26 20",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Russian nouns with locative singular",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "26 28 26 20",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Russian nouns with partitive singular",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_roman_offsets": [
[
0,
3
]
],
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
0,
3
]
],
"english": "a forest of hands (in school if nobody wants to answer the teacher’s question, it's used sarcastically, when nobody actually raises a hand, there is no \"forest of hands\", not a single \"tree\", i.e. hand)",
"roman": "les ruk",
"text": "лес рук",
"type": "example"
},
{
"bold_roman_offsets": [
[
0,
3
]
],
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
0,
3
]
],
"english": "a large number of ships",
"roman": "les mačt",
"text": "лес мачт",
"type": "example"
},
{
"bold_roman_offsets": [
[
0,
3
]
],
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
0,
3
]
],
"english": "forest of bayonets",
"roman": "les štykóv",
"text": "лес штыко́в",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"much, many, a lot of something (especially high, eminent)"
],
"id": "en-лес-ru-noun-JSOpx92c",
"links": [
[
"much",
"much"
],
[
"many",
"many"
],
[
"a lot of",
"a lot of"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(figuratively) much, many, a lot of something (especially high, eminent)"
],
"tags": [
"figuratively"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[lʲes]"
},
{
"audio": "Ru-лес.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/9/9c/Ru-%D0%BB%D0%B5%D1%81.ogg/Ru-%D0%BB%D0%B5%D1%81.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/9c/Ru-%D0%BB%D0%B5%D1%81.ogg"
},
{
"rhymes": "-es"
}
],
"word": "лес"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 4 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Rhymes:Russian/es",
"Rhymes:Russian/es/1 syllable",
"Russian 1-syllable words",
"Russian entries with incorrect language header",
"Russian hard-stem masculine-form accent-c nouns",
"Russian hard-stem masculine-form nouns",
"Russian inanimate nouns",
"Russian irregular nouns",
"Russian lemmas",
"Russian links with redundant alt parameters",
"Russian links with redundant wikilinks",
"Russian masculine nouns",
"Russian nouns",
"Russian nouns ending in a consonant with plural -а",
"Russian nouns with accent pattern c",
"Russian nouns with irregular nominative plural",
"Russian nouns with locative singular",
"Russian nouns with partitive singular",
"Russian terms derived from Old East Slavic",
"Russian terms derived from Proto-Slavic",
"Russian terms inherited from Old East Slavic",
"Russian terms inherited from Proto-Slavic",
"Russian terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Russian terms with redundant head parameter",
"ru:Forests",
"sh:Building materials",
"sh:Burial",
"sh:Forests"
],
"derived": [
{
"roman": "bezlésʹje",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "безле́сье"
},
{
"roman": "lesá",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"plural"
],
"word": "леса́"
},
{
"roman": "lesník",
"tags": [
"animate",
"masculine"
],
"word": "лесни́к"
},
{
"roman": "lesníčij",
"word": "лесни́чий"
},
{
"roman": "lesníčestvo",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "лесни́чество"
},
{
"roman": "lesnína",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "лесни́на"
},
{
"roman": "lesnój",
"word": "лесно́й"
},
{
"roman": "lesovój",
"word": "лесово́й"
},
{
"roman": "lesístyj",
"word": "леси́стый"
},
{
"roman": "lesók",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "лесо́к"
},
{
"roman": "lésom",
"word": "ле́сом"
},
{
"roman": "léšij",
"tags": [
"animate",
"masculine"
],
"word": "ле́ший"
},
{
"roman": "podlésok",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "подле́сок"
},
{
"roman": "lesovód",
"word": "лесово́д"
},
{
"roman": "lesovódčeskij",
"word": "лесово́дческий"
},
{
"roman": "lesovódstvo",
"word": "лесово́дство"
},
{
"roman": "lesovódstvennyj",
"word": "лесово́дственный"
},
{
"roman": "lesovóz",
"word": "лесово́з"
},
{
"roman": "lesovozvraščénije",
"word": "лесовозвраще́ние"
},
{
"roman": "lesovozobnovlénije",
"word": "лесовозобновле́ние"
},
{
"roman": "lesozavód",
"word": "лесозаво́д"
},
{
"roman": "lesozagotóvka",
"word": "лесозагото́вка"
},
{
"roman": "lesozagotovítelʹnyj",
"word": "лесозаготови́тельный"
},
{
"roman": "lesozaščíta",
"word": "лесозащи́та"
},
{
"roman": "lesozaščítnyj",
"word": "лесозащи́тный"
},
{
"roman": "lesoinženérnyj",
"word": "лесоинжене́рный"
},
{
"roman": "lesokátka",
"word": "лесока́тка"
},
{
"roman": "lesomateriál",
"word": "лесоматериа́л"
},
{
"roman": "lesomeliorácija",
"word": "лесомелиора́ция"
},
{
"roman": "lesomelioratívnyj",
"word": "лесомелиорати́вный"
},
{
"roman": "lesonasaždénije",
"word": "лесонасажде́ние"
},
{
"roman": "lesoobrabátyvajuščij",
"word": "лесообраба́тывающий"
},
{
"roman": "lesooxranénije",
"word": "лесоохране́ние"
},
{
"roman": "lesopárk",
"word": "лесопа́рк"
},
{
"roman": "lesopílka",
"word": "лесопи́лка"
},
{
"roman": "lesopílʹnja",
"word": "лесопи́льня"
},
{
"roman": "lesopílʹnyj",
"word": "лесопи́льный"
},
{
"roman": "lesopitómnik",
"word": "лесопито́мник"
},
{
"roman": "lesopolosá",
"word": "лесополоса́"
},
{
"roman": "lesoposádki",
"word": "лесопоса́дки"
},
{
"roman": "lesoposádočnyj",
"word": "лесопоса́дочный"
},
{
"roman": "lesopromýšlennik",
"word": "лесопромы́шленник"
},
{
"roman": "lesorazrabótka",
"word": "лесоразрабо́тка"
},
{
"roman": "lesorúb",
"word": "лесору́б"
},
{
"roman": "lesoséka",
"word": "лесосе́ка"
},
{
"roman": "lesospláv",
"word": "лесоспла́в"
},
{
"roman": "lesospúsk",
"word": "лесоспу́ск"
},
{
"roman": "lesostépʹ",
"word": "лесосте́пь"
},
{
"roman": "lesostepnój",
"word": "лесостепно́й"
},
{
"roman": "lesosušílka",
"word": "лесосуши́лка"
},
{
"roman": "lesotáska",
"word": "лесота́ска"
},
{
"roman": "lesotexníčeskij",
"word": "лесотехни́ческий"
},
{
"roman": "lesotúndra",
"word": "лесоту́ндра"
},
{
"roman": "lesotúndrovyj",
"word": "лесоту́ндровый"
},
{
"roman": "lesoustrójstvo",
"word": "лесоустро́йство"
},
{
"roman": "lesoxímija",
"word": "лесохи́мия"
},
{
"roman": "lesoximíčeskij",
"word": "лесохими́ческий"
},
{
"roman": "lesoéksport",
"word": "лесоэ́кспорт"
},
{
"roman": "lesxóz",
"word": "лесхо́з"
},
{
"roman": "redkolésʹje",
"word": "редколе́сье"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "Inherited"
},
"expansion": "Inherited",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ru",
"2": "orv",
"3": "лѣсъ",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Old East Slavic лѣсъ (lěsŭ)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ru",
"2": "orv",
"3": "лѣсъ"
},
"expansion": "Inherited from Old East Slavic лѣсъ (lěsŭ)",
"name": "inh+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ru",
"2": "sla-pro",
"3": "*lěsъ"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Slavic *lěsъ",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Old East Slavic лѣсъ (lěsŭ), from Proto-Slavic *lěsъ.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "les",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "ле́са",
"tags": [
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "леса́",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "лесо́в",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "лесно́й",
"tags": [
"adjective",
"relational"
]
},
{
"form": "лесово́й",
"tags": [
"adjective",
"relational"
]
},
{
"form": "лесо́к",
"tags": [
"diminutive"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "ru-noun-table",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "hard-stem",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "accent-c",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "ле́с",
"roman": "lés",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "леса́",
"roman": "lesá",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"irregular",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ле́са",
"roman": "lésa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "лесо́в",
"roman": "lesóv",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ле́су",
"roman": "lésu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "леса́м",
"roman": "lesám",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ле́с",
"roman": "lés",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "леса́",
"roman": "lesá",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"irregular",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ле́сом",
"roman": "lésom",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "леса́ми",
"roman": "lesámi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ле́се",
"roman": "lése",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"prepositional",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "леса́х",
"roman": "lesáx",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"prepositional"
]
},
{
"form": "ле́су",
"roman": "lésu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"partitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "лесу́",
"roman": "lesú",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "лѣсъ",
"roman": "lěs",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "c",
"2": "",
"3": "(1)",
"adj": "лесно́й",
"adj2": "лесово́й",
"dim": "лесо́к",
"loc": "+"
},
"expansion": "лес • (les) m inan (genitive ле́са, nominative plural леса́, genitive plural лесо́в, relational adjective лесно́й or лесово́й, diminutive лесо́к)",
"name": "ru-noun+"
}
],
"hyponyms": [
{
"roman": "bereznják",
"sense": "forest",
"word": "березня́к"
},
{
"roman": "bor",
"sense": "forest",
"word": "бор"
},
{
"roman": "dubráva",
"sense": "forest",
"word": "дубра́ва"
},
{
"roman": "jélʹnik",
"sense": "forest",
"word": "е́льник"
},
{
"roman": "osínnik",
"sense": "forest",
"word": "оси́нник"
},
{
"roman": "púšča",
"sense": "forest",
"word": "пу́ща"
},
{
"roman": "róšča",
"sense": "forest",
"word": "ро́ща"
},
{
"roman": "tajgá",
"sense": "forest",
"word": "тайга́"
},
{
"roman": "čášča",
"sense": "forest",
"word": "ча́ща"
}
],
"lang": "Russian",
"lang_code": "ru",
"meronyms": [
{
"roman": "opúška",
"sense": "forest",
"word": "опу́шка"
},
{
"roman": "poljána",
"sense": "forest",
"word": "поля́на"
},
{
"roman": "próseka",
"sense": "forest",
"word": "про́сека"
}
],
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"roman": "dérevo",
"word": "де́рево"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Requests for translations of Russian usage examples",
"Russian terms with quotations",
"Russian terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "woodland, forests",
"roman": "lesá",
"text": "леса́",
"type": "example"
},
{
"bold_roman_offsets": [
[
12,
15
]
],
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
13,
16
]
],
"english": "virgin forest, primeval forest",
"roman": "dévstvennyj les",
"text": "де́вственный лес",
"type": "example"
},
{
"ref": "запове́дный лес (zapovédnyj les) means",
"text": "запове́дник ― zapovédnik ― protection forest\nта́йный лес, свяще́нный лес, бо́жий лес (poetic) ― tájnyj les, svjaščénnyj les, bóžij les ― sacred forest, a forest that nobody may enter",
"type": "example"
},
{
"bold_roman_offsets": [
[
12,
15
]
],
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
13,
16
]
],
"english": "ship timber",
"roman": "korabélʹnyj les",
"text": "корабе́льный лес",
"type": "example"
},
{
"bold_roman_offsets": [
[
11,
14
]
],
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
12,
15
]
],
"english": "leaf-bearing forest",
"roman": "lístvennyj les",
"text": "ли́ственный лес",
"type": "example"
},
{
"bold_roman_offsets": [
[
10,
13
]
],
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
11,
14
]
],
"english": "mixed forest",
"roman": "sméšannyj les",
"text": "сме́шанный лес",
"type": "example"
},
{
"bold_roman_offsets": [
[
12,
15
]
],
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
13,
16
]
],
"english": "rainforest",
"roman": "tropíčeskij les",
"text": "тропи́ческий лес",
"type": "example"
},
{
"bold_roman_offsets": [
[
8,
11
]
],
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
9,
12
]
],
"english": "coniferous forest",
"roman": "xvójnyj les",
"text": "хво́йный лес",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "thicket, the depths of forest",
"roman": "čášča lesa",
"text": "ча́ща леса",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "murmur of the forest",
"roman": "šum lesa",
"text": "шум леса",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "at sea, lost, disoriented",
"raw_tags": [
"saying"
],
"roman": "kak v lesú",
"text": "как в лесу́",
"type": "example"
},
{
"bold_roman_offsets": [
[
6,
9
]
],
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
6,
9
]
],
"english": "(to be) at sixes and sevens",
"literal_meaning": "some go to the forest, some go for firewood",
"raw_tags": [
"proverb"
],
"roman": "kto v les, kto po drová",
"text": "кто в лес, кто по дрова́",
"type": "example"
},
{
"bold_roman_offsets": [
[
0,
3
]
],
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
0,
3
]
],
"english": "you can’t make an omelette without breaking eggs",
"literal_meaning": "when cutting trees, chips fly",
"raw_tags": [
"proverb"
],
"roman": "les rúbjat — ščépki letját",
"text": "лес ру́бят — ще́пки летя́т",
"type": "example"
},
{
"bold_roman_offsets": [
[
24,
27
]
],
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
24,
27
]
],
"english": "it is all Greek (to him), (he is) completely in the dark about it",
"literal_meaning": "this is the dark forest for him",
"raw_tags": [
"saying, figuratively"
],
"roman": "(dlja nevó) éto tjómnyj les",
"text": "(для него́) э́то тёмный лес",
"type": "example"
},
{
"bold_roman_offsets": [
[
25,
28
]
],
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
27,
30
]
],
"english": "it is all Greek (to him), (he is) completely in the dark about it",
"literal_meaning": "this is the dark forest for him",
"raw_tags": [
"saying, figuratively"
],
"roman": "(dlja nevó) éto dremúčij les",
"text": "(для него́) э́то дрему́чий лес",
"type": "example"
},
{
"literal_meaning": "in the forest people become wild, and become people among people",
"raw_tags": [
"proverb"
],
"roman": "v lesú ljúdi lesejut, a v ljúdjax ljudejut",
"text": "в лесу́ лю́ди лесеют, а в лю́дях людеют",
"type": "example"
},
{
"bold_roman_offsets": [
[
4,
7
]
],
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
4,
7
]
],
"literal_meaning": "the man who owns a forest, also owns a stump",
"raw_tags": [
"proverb"
],
"roman": "čej les, tovó i penʹ",
"text": "чей лес, того́ и пень",
"type": "example"
},
{
"bold_roman_offsets": [
[
6,
10
]
],
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
6,
11
]
],
"english": "people are not equal",
"literal_meaning": "God doesn’t even make the forest equal",
"raw_tags": [
"saying"
],
"roman": "Box i lésu ne sravnjál",
"text": "Бог и ле́су не сравня́л",
"type": "example"
},
{
"bold_english_offsets": [
[
149,
155
]
],
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
152,
158
]
],
"english": "Tatarsky could sense that his thoughts were filled with such power that each one was a stratum of reality, just as important in every respect as the forest he was walking through this evening.",
"ref": "1999, Виктор Пелевин [Victor Pelevin], “Три загадки Иштар”, in Generation «П», Вагриус; English translation from Andrew Bromfield, transl., Homo Zapiens, London: Penguin Books, 2000:",
"roman": "Tatárskij čúvstvoval, što jevó mýsli polný takój síly, što káždaja iz nix — éto plast reálʹnosti, ravnoprávnyj vo vsex otnošénijax s večérnim lésom, po kotóromu on idjót.",
"text": "Тата́рский чу́вствовал, что его́ мы́сли полны́ тако́й си́лы, что ка́ждая из них — э́то пласт реа́льности, равнопра́вный во всех отноше́ниях с вече́рним ле́сом, по кото́рому он идёт.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"forest, woods"
],
"links": [
[
"forest",
"forest"
],
[
"woods",
"woods"
]
],
"senseid": [
"ru:forest"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Russian terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_roman_offsets": [
[
0,
3
]
],
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
0,
4
]
],
"english": "timber float",
"roman": "lés v plotáx",
"text": "ле́с в плота́х",
"type": "example"
},
{
"bold_roman_offsets": [
[
0,
3
]
],
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
0,
4
]
],
"english": "standing timber",
"roman": "lés na kornjú",
"text": "ле́с на корню́",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"lumber, timber"
],
"links": [
[
"lumber",
"lumber"
],
[
"timber",
"timber"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(only singular) lumber, timber"
],
"tags": [
"singular"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Russian terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "scaffolding, scaffold trestle",
"roman": "lesá",
"text": "леса́",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"леса́ scaffolding, scaffold trestle, falsework"
],
"links": [
[
"scaffolding",
"scaffolding"
],
[
"scaffold",
"scaffold"
],
[
"trestle",
"trestle"
],
[
"falsework",
"falsework"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(only plural) леса́ scaffolding, scaffold trestle, falsework"
],
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Russian terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_roman_offsets": [
[
0,
3
]
],
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
0,
3
]
],
"english": "a forest of hands (in school if nobody wants to answer the teacher’s question, it's used sarcastically, when nobody actually raises a hand, there is no \"forest of hands\", not a single \"tree\", i.e. hand)",
"roman": "les ruk",
"text": "лес рук",
"type": "example"
},
{
"bold_roman_offsets": [
[
0,
3
]
],
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
0,
3
]
],
"english": "a large number of ships",
"roman": "les mačt",
"text": "лес мачт",
"type": "example"
},
{
"bold_roman_offsets": [
[
0,
3
]
],
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
0,
3
]
],
"english": "forest of bayonets",
"roman": "les štykóv",
"text": "лес штыко́в",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"much, many, a lot of something (especially high, eminent)"
],
"links": [
[
"much",
"much"
],
[
"many",
"many"
],
[
"a lot of",
"a lot of"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(figuratively) much, many, a lot of something (especially high, eminent)"
],
"tags": [
"figuratively"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[lʲes]"
},
{
"audio": "Ru-лес.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/9/9c/Ru-%D0%BB%D0%B5%D1%81.ogg/Ru-%D0%BB%D0%B5%D1%81.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/9c/Ru-%D0%BB%D0%B5%D1%81.ogg"
},
{
"rhymes": "-es"
}
],
"word": "лес"
}
Download raw JSONL data for лес meaning in Russian (16.7kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Russian dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-05-21 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-05-01 using wiktextract (89ebc88 and e74c913). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.