"кукуруза" meaning in Russian

{
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "hy",
            "2": "կուկուռուզ",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Armenian: կուկուռուզ (kukuṙuz)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Armenian: կուկուռուզ (kukuṙuz)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "sjd",
            "2": "кукуруза",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Kildin Sami: кукуруза (kukuruza)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Kildin Sami: кукуруза (kukuruza)"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ru"
      },
      "expansion": "Uncertain",
      "name": "unc"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "uk",
        "2": "кукурудз",
        "3": "кукуру́(д)з"
      },
      "expansion": "Ukrainian кукуру́(д)з (kukurú(d)z)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "bg",
        "2": "кукуру́з"
      },
      "expansion": "Bulgarian кукуру́з (kukurúz)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sh",
        "2": "куку̀руз"
      },
      "expansion": "Serbo-Croatian куку̀руз",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sl",
        "2": "kukuruza"
      },
      "expansion": "Slovene kukuruza",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "pl",
        "2": "kukurudza"
      },
      "expansion": "Polish kukurudza",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "de",
        "2": "Kukuruz"
      },
      "expansion": "German Kukuruz",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sh",
        "2": "kukurek",
        "3": "",
        "4": "hellebore"
      },
      "expansion": "Serbo-Croatian kukurek (“hellebore”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "bg",
        "2": "кукуря́к",
        "3": "",
        "4": "hellebore"
      },
      "expansion": "Bulgarian кукуря́к (kukurják, “hellebore”)",
      "name": "m+"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sl",
        "2": "kukurjav"
      },
      "expansion": "Slovene kukurjav",
      "name": "m+"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "bg",
        "2": "момору́з"
      },
      "expansion": "Bulgarian момору́з (momorúz)",
      "name": "m+"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ro",
        "2": "cucuruz"
      },
      "expansion": "Romanian cucuruz",
      "name": "noncog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ota",
        "2": "قوقوروز",
        "sc": "ota-Arab",
        "tr": "kokoroz"
      },
      "expansion": "Ottoman Turkish قوقوروز (kokoroz)",
      "name": "noncog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sq",
        "2": "",
        "3": "*kokërrëz"
      },
      "expansion": "Albanian *kokërrëz",
      "name": "noncog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Uncertain. Cognate with Ukrainian кукуру́(д)з (kukurú(d)z), кукуру́(д)за (kukurú(d)za), Bulgarian кукуру́з (kukurúz), кукума́ра (kukumára), кукура́тка (kukurátka), Serbo-Croatian куку̀руз, Slovene kukuruza, kukorica, koruza, Polish kukurudza, kukurydza. German Kukuruz was borrowed from Serbo-Croatian, but the West Slavic terms have in turn been considered borrowings from German.\nThe suggestion of a Slavic origin and a relationship to Serbo-Croatian kukurek (“hellebore”) and Bulgarian кукуря́к (kukurják, “hellebore”), Slovene kukurjav, kukurjast (“curled”) does not explain the word-form difficulties (-z-). Compare Bulgarian момору́з (momorúz), моморо́з (momoróz, “corn, maize”), мамалига (mamaliga, “hominy”).\nIf the source were Romanian cucuruz, it should have originally had the meaning of \"pine cones\".\nA noteworthy hypothesis for the source of \"kukuru\" is a word used for calling poultry for their feeding (with corn/maize).\nThe explanation that the term is a loanword from Ottoman Turkish قوقوروز (kokoroz), ultimately from Albanian *kokërrëz, from kokërr, remains frequently cited, but derivation from Turkic kokoros (“corn, maize”) was refuted by F. Miklošič and F. E. Korsch.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "кукуру́за",
      "tags": [
        "canonical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kukurúza",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "кукуру́зы",
      "tags": [
        "genitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "кукуру́зы",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "кукуру́з",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "кукуру́зный",
      "tags": [
        "adjective",
        "relational"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ru-noun-table",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hard-stem",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "class"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "accent-a",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "class"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "кукуру́за",
      "roman": "kukurúza",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "кукуру́зы",
      "roman": "kukurúzy",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "кукуру́зы",
      "roman": "kukurúzy",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "кукуру́з",
      "roman": "kukurúz",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "кукуру́зе",
      "roman": "kukurúze",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "кукуру́зам",
      "roman": "kukurúzam",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "кукуру́зу",
      "roman": "kukurúzu",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "кукуру́зы",
      "roman": "kukurúzy",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "кукуру́зой",
      "roman": "kukurúzoj",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "кукуру́зою",
      "roman": "kukurúzoju",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "кукуру́зами",
      "roman": "kukurúzami",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "кукуру́зе",
      "roman": "kukurúze",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "prepositional",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "кукуру́зах",
      "roman": "kukurúzax",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "prepositional"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "кукуру́за",
        "adj": "кукуру́зный"
      },
      "expansion": "кукуру́за • (kukurúza) f inan (genitive кукуру́зы, nominative plural кукуру́зы, genitive plural кукуру́з, relational adjective кукуру́зный)",
      "name": "ru-noun+"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Russian",
  "lang_code": "ru",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with 3 entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Russian entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Russian links with redundant wikilinks",
          "parents": [
            "Links with redundant wikilinks",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Russian nouns with accent pattern a",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "lifeform",
          "langcode": "ru",
          "name": "Grains",
          "orig": "ru:Grains",
          "parents": [
            "Foods",
            "Grasses",
            "Eating",
            "Food and drink",
            "Commelinids",
            "Human behaviour",
            "All topics",
            "Plants",
            "Human",
            "Fundamental",
            "Lifeforms",
            "Life",
            "Nature"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "lifeform",
          "langcode": "ru",
          "name": "Maize (plant)",
          "orig": "ru:Maize (plant)",
          "parents": [
            "Andropogoneae tribe grasses",
            "Grains",
            "Grasses",
            "Foods",
            "Commelinids",
            "Eating",
            "Food and drink",
            "Plants",
            "Human behaviour",
            "All topics",
            "Lifeforms",
            "Human",
            "Fundamental",
            "Life",
            "Nature"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "lifeform",
          "langcode": "ru",
          "name": "Vegetables",
          "orig": "ru:Vegetables",
          "parents": [
            "Foods",
            "Plants",
            "Eating",
            "Food and drink",
            "Lifeforms",
            "Human behaviour",
            "All topics",
            "Life",
            "Human",
            "Fundamental",
            "Nature"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        }
      ],
      "derived": [
        {
          "english": "dent corn",
          "roman": "zubovídnaja kukurúza",
          "word": "зубови́дная кукуру́за"
        },
        {
          "english": "flint corn",
          "roman": "kremnístaja kukurúza",
          "word": "кремни́стая кукуру́за"
        },
        {
          "english": "popcorn corn",
          "roman": "lópajuščajasja kukurúza",
          "word": "ло́пающаяся кукуру́за"
        },
        {
          "english": "pod corn",
          "roman": "plénčataja kukurúza",
          "word": "пле́нчатая кукуру́за"
        },
        {
          "english": "sweet corn",
          "roman": "sáxarnaja kukurúza",
          "word": "са́харная кукуру́за"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "corn, maize, Indian corn"
      ],
      "id": "en-кукуруза-ru-noun-gCLoczZF",
      "links": [
        [
          "corn",
          "corn"
        ],
        [
          "maize",
          "maize"
        ],
        [
          "Indian corn",
          "Indian corn"
        ]
      ],
      "related": [
        {
          "roman": "kukurúznik",
          "word": "кукуру́зник"
        },
        {
          "roman": "nikstamalizácija",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "никстамализа́ция"
        }
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "маи́с"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "[kʊkʊˈruzə]"
    },
    {
      "audio": "LL-Q7737 (rus)-Rominf-кукуруза.wav",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/0/05/LL-Q7737_%28rus%29-Rominf-%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BA%D1%83%D1%80%D1%83%D0%B7%D0%B0.wav/LL-Q7737_%28rus%29-Rominf-%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BA%D1%83%D1%80%D1%83%D0%B7%D0%B0.wav.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/0/05/LL-Q7737_%28rus%29-Rominf-%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BA%D1%83%D1%80%D1%83%D0%B7%D0%B0.wav/LL-Q7737_%28rus%29-Rominf-%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BA%D1%83%D1%80%D1%83%D0%B7%D0%B0.wav.ogg"
    }
  ],
  "word": "кукуруза"
}

{
  "derived": [
    {
      "english": "dent corn",
      "roman": "zubovídnaja kukurúza",
      "word": "зубови́дная кукуру́за"
    },
    {
      "english": "flint corn",
      "roman": "kremnístaja kukurúza",
      "word": "кремни́стая кукуру́за"
    },
    {
      "english": "popcorn corn",
      "roman": "lópajuščajasja kukurúza",
      "word": "ло́пающаяся кукуру́за"
    },
    {
      "english": "pod corn",
      "roman": "plénčataja kukurúza",
      "word": "пле́нчатая кукуру́за"
    },
    {
      "english": "sweet corn",
      "roman": "sáxarnaja kukurúza",
      "word": "са́харная кукуру́за"
    }
  ],
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "hy",
            "2": "կուկուռուզ",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Armenian: կուկուռուզ (kukuṙuz)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Armenian: կուկուռուզ (kukuṙuz)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "sjd",
            "2": "кукуруза",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Kildin Sami: кукуруза (kukuruza)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Kildin Sami: кукуруза (kukuruza)"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ru"
      },
      "expansion": "Uncertain",
      "name": "unc"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "uk",
        "2": "кукурудз",
        "3": "кукуру́(д)з"
      },
      "expansion": "Ukrainian кукуру́(д)з (kukurú(d)z)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "bg",
        "2": "кукуру́з"
      },
      "expansion": "Bulgarian кукуру́з (kukurúz)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sh",
        "2": "куку̀руз"
      },
      "expansion": "Serbo-Croatian куку̀руз",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sl",
        "2": "kukuruza"
      },
      "expansion": "Slovene kukuruza",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "pl",
        "2": "kukurudza"
      },
      "expansion": "Polish kukurudza",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "de",
        "2": "Kukuruz"
      },
      "expansion": "German Kukuruz",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sh",
        "2": "kukurek",
        "3": "",
        "4": "hellebore"
      },
      "expansion": "Serbo-Croatian kukurek (“hellebore”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "bg",
        "2": "кукуря́к",
        "3": "",
        "4": "hellebore"
      },
      "expansion": "Bulgarian кукуря́к (kukurják, “hellebore”)",
      "name": "m+"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sl",
        "2": "kukurjav"
      },
      "expansion": "Slovene kukurjav",
      "name": "m+"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "bg",
        "2": "момору́з"
      },
      "expansion": "Bulgarian момору́з (momorúz)",
      "name": "m+"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ro",
        "2": "cucuruz"
      },
      "expansion": "Romanian cucuruz",
      "name": "noncog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ota",
        "2": "قوقوروز",
        "sc": "ota-Arab",
        "tr": "kokoroz"
      },
      "expansion": "Ottoman Turkish قوقوروز (kokoroz)",
      "name": "noncog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sq",
        "2": "",
        "3": "*kokërrëz"
      },
      "expansion": "Albanian *kokërrëz",
      "name": "noncog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Uncertain. Cognate with Ukrainian кукуру́(д)з (kukurú(d)z), кукуру́(д)за (kukurú(d)za), Bulgarian кукуру́з (kukurúz), кукума́ра (kukumára), кукура́тка (kukurátka), Serbo-Croatian куку̀руз, Slovene kukuruza, kukorica, koruza, Polish kukurudza, kukurydza. German Kukuruz was borrowed from Serbo-Croatian, but the West Slavic terms have in turn been considered borrowings from German.\nThe suggestion of a Slavic origin and a relationship to Serbo-Croatian kukurek (“hellebore”) and Bulgarian кукуря́к (kukurják, “hellebore”), Slovene kukurjav, kukurjast (“curled”) does not explain the word-form difficulties (-z-). Compare Bulgarian момору́з (momorúz), моморо́з (momoróz, “corn, maize”), мамалига (mamaliga, “hominy”).\nIf the source were Romanian cucuruz, it should have originally had the meaning of \"pine cones\".\nA noteworthy hypothesis for the source of \"kukuru\" is a word used for calling poultry for their feeding (with corn/maize).\nThe explanation that the term is a loanword from Ottoman Turkish قوقوروز (kokoroz), ultimately from Albanian *kokërrëz, from kokërr, remains frequently cited, but derivation from Turkic kokoros (“corn, maize”) was refuted by F. Miklošič and F. E. Korsch.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "кукуру́за",
      "tags": [
        "canonical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kukurúza",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "кукуру́зы",
      "tags": [
        "genitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "кукуру́зы",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "кукуру́з",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "кукуру́зный",
      "tags": [
        "adjective",
        "relational"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ru-noun-table",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hard-stem",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "class"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "accent-a",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "class"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "кукуру́за",
      "roman": "kukurúza",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "кукуру́зы",
      "roman": "kukurúzy",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "кукуру́зы",
      "roman": "kukurúzy",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "кукуру́з",
      "roman": "kukurúz",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "кукуру́зе",
      "roman": "kukurúze",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "кукуру́зам",
      "roman": "kukurúzam",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "кукуру́зу",
      "roman": "kukurúzu",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "кукуру́зы",
      "roman": "kukurúzy",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "кукуру́зой",
      "roman": "kukurúzoj",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "кукуру́зою",
      "roman": "kukurúzoju",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "кукуру́зами",
      "roman": "kukurúzami",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "кукуру́зе",
      "roman": "kukurúze",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "prepositional",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "кукуру́зах",
      "roman": "kukurúzax",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "prepositional"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "кукуру́за",
        "adj": "кукуру́зный"
      },
      "expansion": "кукуру́за • (kukurúza) f inan (genitive кукуру́зы, nominative plural кукуру́зы, genitive plural кукуру́з, relational adjective кукуру́зный)",
      "name": "ru-noun+"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Russian",
  "lang_code": "ru",
  "pos": "noun",
  "related": [
    {
      "roman": "kukurúznik",
      "word": "кукуру́зник"
    },
    {
      "roman": "nikstamalizácija",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "никстамализа́ция"
    }
  ],
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "Pages with 3 entries",
        "Pages with entries",
        "Russian 4-syllable words",
        "Russian entries with incorrect language header",
        "Russian feminine nouns",
        "Russian hard-stem feminine-form accent-a nouns",
        "Russian hard-stem feminine-form nouns",
        "Russian inanimate nouns",
        "Russian lemmas",
        "Russian links with redundant wikilinks",
        "Russian nouns",
        "Russian nouns with accent pattern a",
        "Russian terms with IPA pronunciation",
        "Russian terms with unknown etymologies",
        "ru:Grains",
        "ru:Maize (plant)",
        "ru:Vegetables"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "corn, maize, Indian corn"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "corn",
          "corn"
        ],
        [
          "maize",
          "maize"
        ],
        [
          "Indian corn",
          "Indian corn"
        ]
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "маи́с"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "[kʊkʊˈruzə]"
    },
    {
      "audio": "LL-Q7737 (rus)-Rominf-кукуруза.wav",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/0/05/LL-Q7737_%28rus%29-Rominf-%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BA%D1%83%D1%80%D1%83%D0%B7%D0%B0.wav/LL-Q7737_%28rus%29-Rominf-%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BA%D1%83%D1%80%D1%83%D0%B7%D0%B0.wav.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/0/05/LL-Q7737_%28rus%29-Rominf-%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BA%D1%83%D1%80%D1%83%D0%B7%D0%B0.wav/LL-Q7737_%28rus%29-Rominf-%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BA%D1%83%D1%80%D1%83%D0%B7%D0%B0.wav.ogg"
    }
  ],
  "word": "кукуруза"
}