"кошмар" meaning in Russian

See кошмар in All languages combined, or Wiktionary

Interjection

IPA: [kɐʂˈmar] Audio: Ru-кошмар.ogg Forms: кошма́р [canonical], košmár [romanization]
Rhymes: -ar Etymology: Connected to French cauchemar, from Middle French cauchemare, from Old French cauquemare. First element from Latin calcare (“I trample, tread on”); second element from Middle Dutch mare (“phantom, spirit, nightmare”), from Proto-Germanic *marǭ (“nightmare, incubus”), from Proto-Indo-European *mer- (“to die”). See cauchemar. Etymology templates: {{root|ru|ine-pro|*mer-|id=die}}, {{bor|ru|fr|cauchemar}} French cauchemar, {{der|ru|frm|cauchemare}} Middle French cauchemare, {{der|ru|fro|cauquemare}} Old French cauquemare, {{der|ru|la|calcare||I trample, tread on}} Latin calcare (“I trample, tread on”), {{der|ru|dum|mare||phantom, spirit, nightmare}} Middle Dutch mare (“phantom, spirit, nightmare”), {{der|ru|gem-pro|*marǭ||nightmare, incubus}} Proto-Germanic *marǭ (“nightmare, incubus”), {{der|ru|ine-pro|*mer-||to die}} Proto-Indo-European *mer- (“to die”) Head templates: {{head|ru|interjection|head=кошма́р}} кошма́р • (košmár)
  1. it's terrible! Synonyms: у́жас
    Sense id: en-кошмар-ru-intj-JZE17hTS
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Synonyms: кошма́ръ — Pre-reform orthography (1918) (košmár)

Noun

IPA: [kɐʂˈmar] Audio: Ru-кошмар.ogg
Rhymes: -ar Etymology: Connected to French cauchemar, from Middle French cauchemare, from Old French cauquemare. First element from Latin calcare (“I trample, tread on”); second element from Middle Dutch mare (“phantom, spirit, nightmare”), from Proto-Germanic *marǭ (“nightmare, incubus”), from Proto-Indo-European *mer- (“to die”). See cauchemar. Etymology templates: {{root|ru|ine-pro|*mer-|id=die}}, {{bor|ru|fr|cauchemar}} French cauchemar, {{der|ru|frm|cauchemare}} Middle French cauchemare, {{der|ru|fro|cauquemare}} Old French cauquemare, {{der|ru|la|calcare||I trample, tread on}} Latin calcare (“I trample, tread on”), {{der|ru|dum|mare||phantom, spirit, nightmare}} Middle Dutch mare (“phantom, spirit, nightmare”), {{der|ru|gem-pro|*marǭ||nightmare, incubus}} Proto-Germanic *marǭ (“nightmare, incubus”), {{der|ru|ine-pro|*mer-||to die}} Proto-Indo-European *mer- (“to die”) Head templates: {{ru-noun+|кошма́р|adj=кошма́рный}} кошма́р • (košmár) m inan (genitive кошма́ра, nominative plural кошма́ры, genitive plural кошма́ров, relational adjective кошма́рный) Forms: кошма́р [canonical], košmár [romanization], кошма́ра [genitive], кошма́ры [nominative, plural], кошма́ров [genitive, plural], кошма́рный [adjective, relational], no-table-tags [table-tags], кошма́р [nominative, singular], кошма́ры [nominative, plural], кошма́ра [genitive, singular], кошма́ров [genitive, plural], кошма́ру [dative, singular], кошма́рам [dative, plural], кошма́р [accusative, singular], кошма́ры [accusative, plural], кошма́ром [instrumental, singular], кошма́рами [instrumental, plural], кошма́ре [prepositional, singular], кошма́рах [plural, prepositional]
  1. nightmare Categories (topical): Fear
    Sense id: en-кошмар-ru-noun-bfpe2Zdh Disambiguation of Fear: 30 65 5 Categories (other): Russian entries with incorrect language header, Russian links with redundant wikilinks, Russian nouns with accent pattern a Disambiguation of Russian entries with incorrect language header: 21 68 11 Disambiguation of Russian links with redundant wikilinks: 5 92 3 Disambiguation of Russian nouns with accent pattern a: 26 53 20
  2. (figuratively) disaster, horror (something extremely unpleasant) Tags: figuratively Synonyms: у́жас, пизде́ц, абза́ц
    Sense id: en-кошмар-ru-noun-gaXPWIjx
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Synonyms: кошма́ръ — Pre-reform orthography (1918) (košmár) Derived forms: кошма́рный (košmárnyj)
{
  "derived": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "roman": "košmárnyj",
      "word": "кошма́рный"
    }
  ],
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "be",
            "2": "кашмар",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Belarusian: кашмар (kašmar)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Belarusian: кашмар (kašmar)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ka",
            "2": "კოშმარი",
            "alts": "1",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Georgian: კოშმარი (ḳošmari)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Georgian: კოშმარი (ḳošmari)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "kk",
            "2": "кошмар",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Kazakh: кошмар (koşmar)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Kazakh: кошмар (koşmar)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "pl",
            "2": "koszmar",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Polish: koszmar",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Polish: koszmar"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ru",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*mer-",
        "id": "die"
      },
      "expansion": "",
      "name": "root"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ru",
        "2": "fr",
        "3": "cauchemar"
      },
      "expansion": "French cauchemar",
      "name": "bor"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ru",
        "2": "frm",
        "3": "cauchemare"
      },
      "expansion": "Middle French cauchemare",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ru",
        "2": "fro",
        "3": "cauquemare"
      },
      "expansion": "Old French cauquemare",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ru",
        "2": "la",
        "3": "calcare",
        "4": "",
        "5": "I trample, tread on"
      },
      "expansion": "Latin calcare (“I trample, tread on”)",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ru",
        "2": "dum",
        "3": "mare",
        "4": "",
        "5": "phantom, spirit, nightmare"
      },
      "expansion": "Middle Dutch mare (“phantom, spirit, nightmare”)",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ru",
        "2": "gem-pro",
        "3": "*marǭ",
        "4": "",
        "5": "nightmare, incubus"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Germanic *marǭ (“nightmare, incubus”)",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ru",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*mer-",
        "4": "",
        "5": "to die"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *mer- (“to die”)",
      "name": "der"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Connected to French cauchemar, from Middle French cauchemare, from Old French cauquemare. First element from Latin calcare (“I trample, tread on”); second element from Middle Dutch mare (“phantom, spirit, nightmare”), from Proto-Germanic *marǭ (“nightmare, incubus”), from Proto-Indo-European *mer- (“to die”). See cauchemar.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "кошма́р",
      "tags": [
        "canonical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "košmár",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "кошма́ра",
      "tags": [
        "genitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "кошма́ры",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "кошма́ров",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "кошма́рный",
      "tags": [
        "adjective",
        "relational"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ru-noun-table",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hard-stem",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "class"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "accent-a",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "class"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "кошма́р",
      "roman": "košmár",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "кошма́ры",
      "roman": "košmáry",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "кошма́ра",
      "roman": "košmára",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "кошма́ров",
      "roman": "košmárov",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "кошма́ру",
      "roman": "košmáru",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "кошма́рам",
      "roman": "košmáram",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "кошма́р",
      "roman": "košmár",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "кошма́ры",
      "roman": "košmáry",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "кошма́ром",
      "roman": "košmárom",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "кошма́рами",
      "roman": "košmárami",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "кошма́ре",
      "roman": "košmáre",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "prepositional",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "кошма́рах",
      "roman": "košmárax",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "prepositional"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "кошма́р",
        "adj": "кошма́рный"
      },
      "expansion": "кошма́р • (košmár) m inan (genitive кошма́ра, nominative plural кошма́ры, genitive plural кошма́ров, relational adjective кошма́рный)",
      "name": "ru-noun+"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Russian",
  "lang_code": "ru",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "21 68 11",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Russian entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "5 92 3",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Russian links with redundant wikilinks",
          "parents": [
            "Links with redundant wikilinks",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "26 53 20",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Russian nouns with accent pattern a",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "30 65 5",
          "kind": "topical",
          "langcode": "ru",
          "name": "Fear",
          "orig": "ru:Fear",
          "parents": [
            "Emotions",
            "Mind",
            "Human",
            "All topics",
            "Fundamental"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "nightmare"
      ],
      "id": "en-кошмар-ru-noun-bfpe2Zdh",
      "links": [
        [
          "nightmare",
          "nightmare"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "disaster, horror (something extremely unpleasant)"
      ],
      "id": "en-кошмар-ru-noun-gaXPWIjx",
      "links": [
        [
          "disaster",
          "disaster"
        ],
        [
          "horror",
          "horror"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(figuratively) disaster, horror (something extremely unpleasant)"
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "у́жас"
        },
        {
          "word": "пизде́ц"
        },
        {
          "word": "абза́ц"
        }
      ],
      "tags": [
        "figuratively"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "[kɐʂˈmar]"
    },
    {
      "audio": "Ru-кошмар.ogg",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/5/58/Ru-%D0%BA%D0%BE%D1%88%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%80.ogg/Ru-%D0%BA%D0%BE%D1%88%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%80.ogg.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/58/Ru-%D0%BA%D0%BE%D1%88%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%80.ogg"
    },
    {
      "rhymes": "-ar"
    }
  ],
  "synonyms": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "roman": "košmár",
      "word": "кошма́ръ — Pre-reform orthography (1918)"
    }
  ],
  "word": "кошмар"
}

{
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ru",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*mer-",
        "id": "die"
      },
      "expansion": "",
      "name": "root"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ru",
        "2": "fr",
        "3": "cauchemar"
      },
      "expansion": "French cauchemar",
      "name": "bor"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ru",
        "2": "frm",
        "3": "cauchemare"
      },
      "expansion": "Middle French cauchemare",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ru",
        "2": "fro",
        "3": "cauquemare"
      },
      "expansion": "Old French cauquemare",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ru",
        "2": "la",
        "3": "calcare",
        "4": "",
        "5": "I trample, tread on"
      },
      "expansion": "Latin calcare (“I trample, tread on”)",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ru",
        "2": "dum",
        "3": "mare",
        "4": "",
        "5": "phantom, spirit, nightmare"
      },
      "expansion": "Middle Dutch mare (“phantom, spirit, nightmare”)",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ru",
        "2": "gem-pro",
        "3": "*marǭ",
        "4": "",
        "5": "nightmare, incubus"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Germanic *marǭ (“nightmare, incubus”)",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ru",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*mer-",
        "4": "",
        "5": "to die"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *mer- (“to die”)",
      "name": "der"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Connected to French cauchemar, from Middle French cauchemare, from Old French cauquemare. First element from Latin calcare (“I trample, tread on”); second element from Middle Dutch mare (“phantom, spirit, nightmare”), from Proto-Germanic *marǭ (“nightmare, incubus”), from Proto-Indo-European *mer- (“to die”). See cauchemar.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "кошма́р",
      "tags": [
        "canonical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "košmár",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ru",
        "2": "interjection",
        "head": "кошма́р"
      },
      "expansion": "кошма́р • (košmár)",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Russian",
  "lang_code": "ru",
  "pos": "intj",
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "it's terrible!"
      ],
      "id": "en-кошмар-ru-intj-JZE17hTS",
      "links": [
        [
          "terrible",
          "terrible"
        ]
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "у́жас"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "[kɐʂˈmar]"
    },
    {
      "audio": "Ru-кошмар.ogg",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/5/58/Ru-%D0%BA%D0%BE%D1%88%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%80.ogg/Ru-%D0%BA%D0%BE%D1%88%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%80.ogg.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/58/Ru-%D0%BA%D0%BE%D1%88%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%80.ogg"
    },
    {
      "rhymes": "-ar"
    }
  ],
  "synonyms": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "roman": "košmár",
      "word": "кошма́ръ — Pre-reform orthography (1918)"
    }
  ],
  "word": "кошмар"
}
{
  "categories": [
    "Pages with 5 entries",
    "Pages with entries",
    "Rhymes:Russian/ar",
    "Rhymes:Russian/ar/2 syllables",
    "Russian 2-syllable words",
    "Russian entries with incorrect language header",
    "Russian hard-stem masculine-form accent-a nouns",
    "Russian hard-stem masculine-form nouns",
    "Russian inanimate nouns",
    "Russian interjections",
    "Russian lemmas",
    "Russian links with redundant wikilinks",
    "Russian masculine nouns",
    "Russian nouns",
    "Russian nouns with accent pattern a",
    "Russian terms borrowed from French",
    "Russian terms derived from French",
    "Russian terms derived from Latin",
    "Russian terms derived from Middle Dutch",
    "Russian terms derived from Middle French",
    "Russian terms derived from Old French",
    "Russian terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
    "Russian terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
    "Russian terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *mer- (die)",
    "Russian terms with IPA pronunciation",
    "ru:Fear"
  ],
  "derived": [
    {
      "roman": "košmárnyj",
      "word": "кошма́рный"
    }
  ],
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "be",
            "2": "кашмар",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Belarusian: кашмар (kašmar)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Belarusian: кашмар (kašmar)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ka",
            "2": "კოშმარი",
            "alts": "1",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Georgian: კოშმარი (ḳošmari)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Georgian: კოშმარი (ḳošmari)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "kk",
            "2": "кошмар",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Kazakh: кошмар (koşmar)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Kazakh: кошмар (koşmar)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "pl",
            "2": "koszmar",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Polish: koszmar",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Polish: koszmar"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ru",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*mer-",
        "id": "die"
      },
      "expansion": "",
      "name": "root"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ru",
        "2": "fr",
        "3": "cauchemar"
      },
      "expansion": "French cauchemar",
      "name": "bor"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ru",
        "2": "frm",
        "3": "cauchemare"
      },
      "expansion": "Middle French cauchemare",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ru",
        "2": "fro",
        "3": "cauquemare"
      },
      "expansion": "Old French cauquemare",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ru",
        "2": "la",
        "3": "calcare",
        "4": "",
        "5": "I trample, tread on"
      },
      "expansion": "Latin calcare (“I trample, tread on”)",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ru",
        "2": "dum",
        "3": "mare",
        "4": "",
        "5": "phantom, spirit, nightmare"
      },
      "expansion": "Middle Dutch mare (“phantom, spirit, nightmare”)",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ru",
        "2": "gem-pro",
        "3": "*marǭ",
        "4": "",
        "5": "nightmare, incubus"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Germanic *marǭ (“nightmare, incubus”)",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ru",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*mer-",
        "4": "",
        "5": "to die"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *mer- (“to die”)",
      "name": "der"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Connected to French cauchemar, from Middle French cauchemare, from Old French cauquemare. First element from Latin calcare (“I trample, tread on”); second element from Middle Dutch mare (“phantom, spirit, nightmare”), from Proto-Germanic *marǭ (“nightmare, incubus”), from Proto-Indo-European *mer- (“to die”). See cauchemar.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "кошма́р",
      "tags": [
        "canonical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "košmár",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "кошма́ра",
      "tags": [
        "genitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "кошма́ры",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "кошма́ров",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "кошма́рный",
      "tags": [
        "adjective",
        "relational"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ru-noun-table",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hard-stem",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "class"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "accent-a",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "class"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "кошма́р",
      "roman": "košmár",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "кошма́ры",
      "roman": "košmáry",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "кошма́ра",
      "roman": "košmára",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "кошма́ров",
      "roman": "košmárov",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "кошма́ру",
      "roman": "košmáru",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "кошма́рам",
      "roman": "košmáram",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "кошма́р",
      "roman": "košmár",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "кошма́ры",
      "roman": "košmáry",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "кошма́ром",
      "roman": "košmárom",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "кошма́рами",
      "roman": "košmárami",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "кошма́ре",
      "roman": "košmáre",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "prepositional",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "кошма́рах",
      "roman": "košmárax",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "prepositional"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "кошма́р",
        "adj": "кошма́рный"
      },
      "expansion": "кошма́р • (košmár) m inan (genitive кошма́ра, nominative plural кошма́ры, genitive plural кошма́ров, relational adjective кошма́рный)",
      "name": "ru-noun+"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Russian",
  "lang_code": "ru",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "nightmare"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "nightmare",
          "nightmare"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "disaster, horror (something extremely unpleasant)"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "disaster",
          "disaster"
        ],
        [
          "horror",
          "horror"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(figuratively) disaster, horror (something extremely unpleasant)"
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "у́жас"
        },
        {
          "word": "пизде́ц"
        },
        {
          "word": "абза́ц"
        }
      ],
      "tags": [
        "figuratively"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "[kɐʂˈmar]"
    },
    {
      "audio": "Ru-кошмар.ogg",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/5/58/Ru-%D0%BA%D0%BE%D1%88%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%80.ogg/Ru-%D0%BA%D0%BE%D1%88%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%80.ogg.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/58/Ru-%D0%BA%D0%BE%D1%88%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%80.ogg"
    },
    {
      "rhymes": "-ar"
    }
  ],
  "synonyms": [
    {
      "roman": "košmár",
      "word": "кошма́ръ — Pre-reform orthography (1918)"
    }
  ],
  "word": "кошмар"
}

{
  "categories": [
    "Pages with 5 entries",
    "Pages with entries",
    "Rhymes:Russian/ar",
    "Rhymes:Russian/ar/2 syllables",
    "Russian 2-syllable words",
    "Russian entries with incorrect language header",
    "Russian hard-stem masculine-form accent-a nouns",
    "Russian hard-stem masculine-form nouns",
    "Russian inanimate nouns",
    "Russian interjections",
    "Russian lemmas",
    "Russian links with redundant wikilinks",
    "Russian masculine nouns",
    "Russian nouns",
    "Russian nouns with accent pattern a",
    "Russian terms borrowed from French",
    "Russian terms derived from French",
    "Russian terms derived from Latin",
    "Russian terms derived from Middle Dutch",
    "Russian terms derived from Middle French",
    "Russian terms derived from Old French",
    "Russian terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
    "Russian terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
    "Russian terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *mer- (die)",
    "Russian terms with IPA pronunciation",
    "ru:Fear"
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ru",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*mer-",
        "id": "die"
      },
      "expansion": "",
      "name": "root"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ru",
        "2": "fr",
        "3": "cauchemar"
      },
      "expansion": "French cauchemar",
      "name": "bor"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ru",
        "2": "frm",
        "3": "cauchemare"
      },
      "expansion": "Middle French cauchemare",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ru",
        "2": "fro",
        "3": "cauquemare"
      },
      "expansion": "Old French cauquemare",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ru",
        "2": "la",
        "3": "calcare",
        "4": "",
        "5": "I trample, tread on"
      },
      "expansion": "Latin calcare (“I trample, tread on”)",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ru",
        "2": "dum",
        "3": "mare",
        "4": "",
        "5": "phantom, spirit, nightmare"
      },
      "expansion": "Middle Dutch mare (“phantom, spirit, nightmare”)",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ru",
        "2": "gem-pro",
        "3": "*marǭ",
        "4": "",
        "5": "nightmare, incubus"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Germanic *marǭ (“nightmare, incubus”)",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ru",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*mer-",
        "4": "",
        "5": "to die"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *mer- (“to die”)",
      "name": "der"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Connected to French cauchemar, from Middle French cauchemare, from Old French cauquemare. First element from Latin calcare (“I trample, tread on”); second element from Middle Dutch mare (“phantom, spirit, nightmare”), from Proto-Germanic *marǭ (“nightmare, incubus”), from Proto-Indo-European *mer- (“to die”). See cauchemar.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "кошма́р",
      "tags": [
        "canonical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "košmár",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ru",
        "2": "interjection",
        "head": "кошма́р"
      },
      "expansion": "кошма́р • (košmár)",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Russian",
  "lang_code": "ru",
  "pos": "intj",
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "it's terrible!"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "terrible",
          "terrible"
        ]
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "у́жас"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "[kɐʂˈmar]"
    },
    {
      "audio": "Ru-кошмар.ogg",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/5/58/Ru-%D0%BA%D0%BE%D1%88%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%80.ogg/Ru-%D0%BA%D0%BE%D1%88%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%80.ogg.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/58/Ru-%D0%BA%D0%BE%D1%88%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%80.ogg"
    },
    {
      "rhymes": "-ar"
    }
  ],
  "synonyms": [
    {
      "roman": "košmár",
      "word": "кошма́ръ — Pre-reform orthography (1918)"
    }
  ],
  "word": "кошмар"
}

Download raw JSONL data for кошмар meaning in Russian (9.6kB)


This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Russian dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-11-06 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-10-02 using wiktextract (fbeafe8 and 7f03c9b). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.