See кефир in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
Download JSON data for кефир meaning in Russian (5.7kB)
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "xmf",
"2": "ქიფური"
},
"expansion": "Mingrelian ქიფური (kipuri)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "os",
"2": "къӕпы"
},
"expansion": "Ossetian къӕпы (k’æpy)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "krc",
"2": "гыпы"
},
"expansion": "Karachay-Balkar гыпы (gıpı)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ru",
"title": "unknown"
},
"expansion": "unknown",
"name": "unk"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ar",
"2": "كِفِير"
},
"expansion": "Arabic كِفِير (kifīr)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "tr",
"2": "köpürmek"
},
"expansion": "Turkish köpürmek",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "tt",
"2": "küp-"
},
"expansion": "Tatar küp-",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cv",
"2": "кӑпӑк"
},
"expansion": "Chuvash кӑпӑк (kăp̬ăk)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed into Russian from a language of the Caucausus; compare Mingrelian ქიფური (kipuri), Ossetian къӕпы (k’æpy), Karachay-Balkar гыпы (gıpı). The ultimate origin is unknown. The fact the word has an f instead of a p indicates possible transmission to Russian through Arabic كِفِير (kifīr), which would have served as a lingua franca in the Muslim parts of the Caucasus. Relation with a potential Kipchak substrate *köp-ür- is unknown; if that is the case, cognate with Turkish köpürmek (\"to foam\"), Tatar küp- (\"to swell\") and Chuvash кӑпӑк (kăp̬ăk) (\"foam\").",
"forms": [
{
"form": "кефи́р",
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "kefír",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "кефи́ра",
"tags": [
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "кефи́ры",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "кефи́ров",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "кефи́рный",
"tags": [
"adjective",
"relational"
]
},
{
"form": "кефи́рчик",
"tags": [
"diminutive"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "ru-noun-table",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "hard-stem",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "accent-a",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "кефи́р",
"roman": "kefír",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "кефи́ры",
"roman": "kefíry",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "кефи́ра",
"roman": "kefíra",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "кефи́ров",
"roman": "kefírov",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "кефи́ру",
"roman": "kefíru",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "кефи́рам",
"roman": "kefíram",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "кефи́р",
"roman": "kefír",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "кефи́ры",
"roman": "kefíry",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "кефи́ром",
"roman": "kefírom",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "кефи́рами",
"roman": "kefírami",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "кефи́ре",
"roman": "kefíre",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"prepositional",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "кефи́рах",
"roman": "kefírax",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"prepositional"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "кефи́р",
"adj": "кефи́рный",
"dim": "кефи́рчик"
},
"expansion": "кефи́р • (kefír) m inan (genitive кефи́ра, nominative plural кефи́ры, genitive plural кефи́ров, relational adjective кефи́рный, diminutive кефи́рчик)",
"name": "ru-noun+"
}
],
"lang": "Russian",
"lang_code": "ru",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Russian entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Russian links with redundant wikilinks",
"parents": [
"Links with redundant wikilinks",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Russian nouns with accent pattern a",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "ru",
"name": "Beverages",
"orig": "ru:Beverages",
"parents": [
"Drinking",
"Food and drink",
"Liquids",
"Human behaviour",
"All topics",
"Matter",
"Human",
"Fundamental",
"Chemistry",
"Nature",
"Sciences"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "ru",
"name": "Dairy products",
"orig": "ru:Dairy products",
"parents": [
"Food and drink",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "I just love kefir, but, on the other hand, I hate milk!",
"roman": "Ja prósto obožáju kefír, no zató terpétʹ ne mogú molokó!",
"text": "Я про́сто обожа́ю кефи́р, но зато́ терпе́ть не могу́ молоко́!",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"kefir (a yogurt-like beverage made from fermented cows' milk)"
],
"id": "en-кефир-ru-noun--IEsmZSK",
"links": [
[
"kefir",
"kefir"
],
[
"yogurt",
"yogurt"
],
[
"beverage",
"beverage"
],
[
"fermented",
"fermented"
],
[
"cows'",
"cow"
],
[
"milk",
"milk"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"roman": "kefír",
"word": "кефи́ръ — Pre-reform orthography (1918)"
},
{
"roman": "kafír",
"tags": [
"obsolete"
],
"word": "кафи́р"
}
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[kʲɪˈfʲir]"
},
{
"audio": "Ru-кефир.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/0/01/Ru-%D0%BA%D0%B5%D1%84%D0%B8%D1%80.ogg/Ru-%D0%BA%D0%B5%D1%84%D0%B8%D1%80.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/0/01/Ru-%D0%BA%D0%B5%D1%84%D0%B8%D1%80.ogg"
}
],
"word": "кефир"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "xmf",
"2": "ქიფური"
},
"expansion": "Mingrelian ქიფური (kipuri)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "os",
"2": "къӕпы"
},
"expansion": "Ossetian къӕпы (k’æpy)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "krc",
"2": "гыпы"
},
"expansion": "Karachay-Balkar гыпы (gıpı)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ru",
"title": "unknown"
},
"expansion": "unknown",
"name": "unk"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ar",
"2": "كِفِير"
},
"expansion": "Arabic كِفِير (kifīr)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "tr",
"2": "köpürmek"
},
"expansion": "Turkish köpürmek",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "tt",
"2": "küp-"
},
"expansion": "Tatar küp-",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cv",
"2": "кӑпӑк"
},
"expansion": "Chuvash кӑпӑк (kăp̬ăk)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed into Russian from a language of the Caucausus; compare Mingrelian ქიფური (kipuri), Ossetian къӕпы (k’æpy), Karachay-Balkar гыпы (gıpı). The ultimate origin is unknown. The fact the word has an f instead of a p indicates possible transmission to Russian through Arabic كِفِير (kifīr), which would have served as a lingua franca in the Muslim parts of the Caucasus. Relation with a potential Kipchak substrate *köp-ür- is unknown; if that is the case, cognate with Turkish köpürmek (\"to foam\"), Tatar küp- (\"to swell\") and Chuvash кӑпӑк (kăp̬ăk) (\"foam\").",
"forms": [
{
"form": "кефи́р",
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "kefír",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "кефи́ра",
"tags": [
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "кефи́ры",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "кефи́ров",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "кефи́рный",
"tags": [
"adjective",
"relational"
]
},
{
"form": "кефи́рчик",
"tags": [
"diminutive"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "ru-noun-table",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "hard-stem",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "accent-a",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "кефи́р",
"roman": "kefír",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "кефи́ры",
"roman": "kefíry",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "кефи́ра",
"roman": "kefíra",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "кефи́ров",
"roman": "kefírov",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "кефи́ру",
"roman": "kefíru",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "кефи́рам",
"roman": "kefíram",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "кефи́р",
"roman": "kefír",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "кефи́ры",
"roman": "kefíry",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "кефи́ром",
"roman": "kefírom",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "кефи́рами",
"roman": "kefírami",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "кефи́ре",
"roman": "kefíre",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"prepositional",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "кефи́рах",
"roman": "kefírax",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"prepositional"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "кефи́р",
"adj": "кефи́рный",
"dim": "кефи́рчик"
},
"expansion": "кефи́р • (kefír) m inan (genitive кефи́ра, nominative plural кефи́ры, genitive plural кефи́ров, relational adjective кефи́рный, diminutive кефи́рчик)",
"name": "ru-noun+"
}
],
"lang": "Russian",
"lang_code": "ru",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Russian 2-syllable words",
"Russian entries with incorrect language header",
"Russian hard-stem masculine-form accent-a nouns",
"Russian hard-stem masculine-form nouns",
"Russian inanimate nouns",
"Russian lemmas",
"Russian links with redundant wikilinks",
"Russian masculine nouns",
"Russian nouns",
"Russian nouns with accent pattern a",
"Russian terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Russian terms with audio links",
"Russian terms with unknown etymologies",
"Russian terms with usage examples",
"ru:Beverages",
"ru:Dairy products"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "I just love kefir, but, on the other hand, I hate milk!",
"roman": "Ja prósto obožáju kefír, no zató terpétʹ ne mogú molokó!",
"text": "Я про́сто обожа́ю кефи́р, но зато́ терпе́ть не могу́ молоко́!",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"kefir (a yogurt-like beverage made from fermented cows' milk)"
],
"links": [
[
"kefir",
"kefir"
],
[
"yogurt",
"yogurt"
],
[
"beverage",
"beverage"
],
[
"fermented",
"fermented"
],
[
"cows'",
"cow"
],
[
"milk",
"milk"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[kʲɪˈfʲir]"
},
{
"audio": "Ru-кефир.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/0/01/Ru-%D0%BA%D0%B5%D1%84%D0%B8%D1%80.ogg/Ru-%D0%BA%D0%B5%D1%84%D0%B8%D1%80.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/0/01/Ru-%D0%BA%D0%B5%D1%84%D0%B8%D1%80.ogg"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"roman": "kefír",
"word": "кефи́ръ — Pre-reform orthography (1918)"
},
{
"roman": "kafír",
"tags": [
"obsolete"
],
"word": "кафи́р"
}
],
"word": "кефир"
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Russian dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-06-23 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-06-20 using wiktextract (1b9bfc5 and 0136956). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.