"кашель" meaning in Russian

See кашель in All languages combined, or Wiktionary

Noun

IPA: [ˈkaʂɨlʲ] Audio: Ru-кашель.ogg
Etymology: Inherited from Proto-Slavic *kaš(ь)ľь (“cough”), from Proto-Balto-Slavic *kaʔs(u)lio-, ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *kʷeh₂s- (whence also English whoost). Etymology templates: {{root|ru|ine-pro|*kʷeh₂s-}}, {{glossary|Inherited}} Inherited, {{inh|ru|sla-pro|*kaš(ь)ľь||cough|g=|g2=|g3=|id=|lit=|nocat=|pos=|sc=|sort=|tr=|ts=}} Proto-Slavic *kaš(ь)ľь (“cough”), {{inh+|ru|sla-pro|*kaš(ь)ľь|gloss=cough}} Inherited from Proto-Slavic *kaš(ь)ľь (“cough”), {{inh|ru|ine-bsl-pro|*kaʔs(u)lio-}} Proto-Balto-Slavic *kaʔs(u)lio-, {{der|ru|ine-pro|*kʷeh₂s-}} Proto-Indo-European *kʷeh₂s-, {{m+|en|whoost}} English whoost Head templates: {{ru-noun+|ка́шель|m*}} ка́шель • (kášelʹ) m inan (genitive ка́шля, nominative plural ка́шли, genitive plural ка́шлей) Forms: ка́шель [canonical], kášelʹ [romanization], ка́шля [genitive], ка́шли [nominative, plural], ка́шлей [genitive, plural], no-table-tags [table-tags], ка́шель [nominative, singular], ка́шли [nominative, plural], ка́шля [genitive, singular], ка́шлей [genitive, plural], ка́шлю [dative, singular], ка́шлям [dative, plural], ка́шель [accusative, singular], ка́шли [accusative, plural], ка́шлем [instrumental, singular], ка́шлями [instrumental, plural], ка́шле [prepositional, singular], ка́шлях [plural, prepositional]
  1. cough Related terms: ка́шлять (kášljatʹ) (english: See for more) [imperfective], ка́шлянуть (kášljanutʹ) [perfective], пока́шливание (pokášlivanije) [neuter]
{
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ru",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*kʷeh₂s-"
      },
      "expansion": "",
      "name": "root"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "Inherited"
      },
      "expansion": "Inherited",
      "name": "glossary"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ru",
        "2": "sla-pro",
        "3": "*kaš(ь)ľь",
        "4": "",
        "5": "cough",
        "g": "",
        "g2": "",
        "g3": "",
        "id": "",
        "lit": "",
        "nocat": "",
        "pos": "",
        "sc": "",
        "sort": "",
        "tr": "",
        "ts": ""
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Slavic *kaš(ь)ľь (“cough”)",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ru",
        "2": "sla-pro",
        "3": "*kaš(ь)ľь",
        "gloss": "cough"
      },
      "expansion": "Inherited from Proto-Slavic *kaš(ь)ľь (“cough”)",
      "name": "inh+"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ru",
        "2": "ine-bsl-pro",
        "3": "*kaʔs(u)lio-"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Balto-Slavic *kaʔs(u)lio-",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ru",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*kʷeh₂s-"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *kʷeh₂s-",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "whoost"
      },
      "expansion": "English whoost",
      "name": "m+"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Inherited from Proto-Slavic *kaš(ь)ľь (“cough”), from Proto-Balto-Slavic *kaʔs(u)lio-, ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *kʷeh₂s- (whence also English whoost).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "ка́шель",
      "tags": [
        "canonical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kášelʹ",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ка́шля",
      "tags": [
        "genitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ка́шли",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ка́шлей",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ru-noun-table",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "soft-stem",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "class"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "accent-a",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "class"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ка́шель",
      "roman": "kášelʹ",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ка́шли",
      "roman": "kášli",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ка́шля",
      "roman": "kášlja",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ка́шлей",
      "roman": "kášlej",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ка́шлю",
      "roman": "kášlju",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ка́шлям",
      "roman": "kášljam",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ка́шель",
      "roman": "kášelʹ",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ка́шли",
      "roman": "kášli",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ка́шлем",
      "roman": "kášlem",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ка́шлями",
      "roman": "kášljami",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ка́шле",
      "roman": "kášle",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "prepositional",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ка́шлях",
      "roman": "kášljax",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "prepositional"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ка́шель",
        "2": "m*"
      },
      "expansion": "ка́шель • (kášelʹ) m inan (genitive ка́шля, nominative plural ка́шли, genitive plural ка́шлей)",
      "name": "ru-noun+"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Russian",
  "lang_code": "ru",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with 2 entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Russian entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Russian links with redundant alt parameters",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Russian links with redundant wikilinks",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Russian nouns with accent pattern a",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Russian nouns with reducible stem",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "langcode": "ru",
          "name": "Medical signs and symptoms",
          "orig": "ru:Medical signs and symptoms",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        }
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "bold_english_offsets": [
            [
              107,
              115
            ]
          ],
          "bold_text_offsets": [
            [
              27,
              33
            ],
            [
              98,
              104
            ]
          ],
          "english": "He sat without speaking or moving, and coughed with circumspection, as though afraid that the sound of his coughing might make his presence more noticeable.",
          "ref": "1887, Антон Чехов [Anton Chekhov], Письмо; English translation from Constance Garnett, transl., The Letter, 1919:",
          "roman": "On molčál, ne dvígalsja i kášljal s takóju ostoróžnostʹju, kak búdto bojálsja, štóby ot zvúkov kášlja jevó prisútstvije ne stálo zamétneje.",
          "text": "Он молча́л, не дви́гался и ка́шлял с тако́ю осторо́жностью, как бу́дто боя́лся, что́бы от зву́ков ка́шля его́ прису́тствие не ста́ло заме́тнее.",
          "type": "quote"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "cough"
      ],
      "id": "en-кашель-ru-noun-hmqzO4Rj",
      "links": [
        [
          "cough",
          "cough"
        ]
      ],
      "related": [
        {
          "english": "See for more",
          "roman": "kášljatʹ",
          "tags": [
            "imperfective"
          ],
          "word": "ка́шлять"
        },
        {
          "roman": "kášljanutʹ",
          "tags": [
            "perfective"
          ],
          "word": "ка́шлянуть"
        },
        {
          "roman": "pokášlivanije",
          "tags": [
            "neuter"
          ],
          "word": "пока́шливание"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "[ˈkaʂɨlʲ]"
    },
    {
      "audio": "Ru-кашель.ogg",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/5/51/Ru-%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%88%D0%B5%D0%BB%D1%8C.ogg/Ru-%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%88%D0%B5%D0%BB%D1%8C.ogg.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/51/Ru-%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%88%D0%B5%D0%BB%D1%8C.ogg"
    }
  ],
  "word": "кашель"
}
{
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ru",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*kʷeh₂s-"
      },
      "expansion": "",
      "name": "root"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "Inherited"
      },
      "expansion": "Inherited",
      "name": "glossary"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ru",
        "2": "sla-pro",
        "3": "*kaš(ь)ľь",
        "4": "",
        "5": "cough",
        "g": "",
        "g2": "",
        "g3": "",
        "id": "",
        "lit": "",
        "nocat": "",
        "pos": "",
        "sc": "",
        "sort": "",
        "tr": "",
        "ts": ""
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Slavic *kaš(ь)ľь (“cough”)",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ru",
        "2": "sla-pro",
        "3": "*kaš(ь)ľь",
        "gloss": "cough"
      },
      "expansion": "Inherited from Proto-Slavic *kaš(ь)ľь (“cough”)",
      "name": "inh+"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ru",
        "2": "ine-bsl-pro",
        "3": "*kaʔs(u)lio-"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Balto-Slavic *kaʔs(u)lio-",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ru",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*kʷeh₂s-"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *kʷeh₂s-",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "whoost"
      },
      "expansion": "English whoost",
      "name": "m+"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Inherited from Proto-Slavic *kaš(ь)ľь (“cough”), from Proto-Balto-Slavic *kaʔs(u)lio-, ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *kʷeh₂s- (whence also English whoost).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "ка́шель",
      "tags": [
        "canonical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kášelʹ",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ка́шля",
      "tags": [
        "genitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ка́шли",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ка́шлей",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ru-noun-table",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "soft-stem",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "class"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "accent-a",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "class"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ка́шель",
      "roman": "kášelʹ",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ка́шли",
      "roman": "kášli",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ка́шля",
      "roman": "kášlja",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ка́шлей",
      "roman": "kášlej",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ка́шлю",
      "roman": "kášlju",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ка́шлям",
      "roman": "kášljam",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ка́шель",
      "roman": "kášelʹ",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ка́шли",
      "roman": "kášli",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ка́шлем",
      "roman": "kášlem",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ка́шлями",
      "roman": "kášljami",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ка́шле",
      "roman": "kášle",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "prepositional",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ка́шлях",
      "roman": "kášljax",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "prepositional"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ка́шель",
        "2": "m*"
      },
      "expansion": "ка́шель • (kášelʹ) m inan (genitive ка́шля, nominative plural ка́шли, genitive plural ка́шлей)",
      "name": "ru-noun+"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Russian",
  "lang_code": "ru",
  "pos": "noun",
  "related": [
    {
      "english": "See for more",
      "roman": "kášljatʹ",
      "tags": [
        "imperfective"
      ],
      "word": "ка́шлять"
    },
    {
      "roman": "kášljanutʹ",
      "tags": [
        "perfective"
      ],
      "word": "ка́шлянуть"
    },
    {
      "roman": "pokášlivanije",
      "tags": [
        "neuter"
      ],
      "word": "пока́шливание"
    }
  ],
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "Pages with 2 entries",
        "Pages with entries",
        "Russian 2-syllable words",
        "Russian entries with incorrect language header",
        "Russian inanimate nouns",
        "Russian lemmas",
        "Russian links with redundant alt parameters",
        "Russian links with redundant wikilinks",
        "Russian masculine nouns",
        "Russian nouns",
        "Russian nouns with accent pattern a",
        "Russian nouns with reducible stem",
        "Russian soft-stem masculine-form accent-a nouns",
        "Russian soft-stem masculine-form nouns",
        "Russian terms derived from Proto-Balto-Slavic",
        "Russian terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
        "Russian terms derived from Proto-Slavic",
        "Russian terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *kʷeh₂s-",
        "Russian terms inherited from Proto-Balto-Slavic",
        "Russian terms inherited from Proto-Slavic",
        "Russian terms with IPA pronunciation",
        "Russian terms with quotations",
        "ru:Medical signs and symptoms"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "bold_english_offsets": [
            [
              107,
              115
            ]
          ],
          "bold_text_offsets": [
            [
              27,
              33
            ],
            [
              98,
              104
            ]
          ],
          "english": "He sat without speaking or moving, and coughed with circumspection, as though afraid that the sound of his coughing might make his presence more noticeable.",
          "ref": "1887, Антон Чехов [Anton Chekhov], Письмо; English translation from Constance Garnett, transl., The Letter, 1919:",
          "roman": "On molčál, ne dvígalsja i kášljal s takóju ostoróžnostʹju, kak búdto bojálsja, štóby ot zvúkov kášlja jevó prisútstvije ne stálo zamétneje.",
          "text": "Он молча́л, не дви́гался и ка́шлял с тако́ю осторо́жностью, как бу́дто боя́лся, что́бы от зву́ков ка́шля его́ прису́тствие не ста́ло заме́тнее.",
          "type": "quote"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "cough"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "cough",
          "cough"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "[ˈkaʂɨlʲ]"
    },
    {
      "audio": "Ru-кашель.ogg",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/5/51/Ru-%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%88%D0%B5%D0%BB%D1%8C.ogg/Ru-%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%88%D0%B5%D0%BB%D1%8C.ogg.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/51/Ru-%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%88%D0%B5%D0%BB%D1%8C.ogg"
    }
  ],
  "word": "кашель"
}

Download raw JSONL data for кашель meaning in Russian (5.7kB)


This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Russian dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-07-20 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-07-01 using wiktextract (45c4a21 and f1c2b61). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.