See волна in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "Inherited"
},
"expansion": "Inherited",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ru",
"2": "orv",
"3": "вълна",
"4": "",
"5": "wave",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Old East Slavic вълна (vŭlna, “wave”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ru",
"2": "orv",
"3": "вълна",
"4": "",
"5": "wave"
},
"expansion": "Inherited from Old East Slavic вълна (vŭlna, “wave”)",
"name": "inh+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ru",
"2": "sla-pro",
"3": "*vьlna",
"4": "",
"5": "wave"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Slavic *vьlna (“wave”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cu",
"2": "вльна"
},
"expansion": "Old Church Slavonic вльна (vlĭna)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "bg",
"2": "вълна"
},
"expansion": "Bulgarian вълна (vǎlna)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cs",
"2": "vlna"
},
"expansion": "Czech vlna",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sk",
"2": "vlna"
},
"expansion": "Slovak vlna",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lt",
"2": "vilnìs",
"3": "",
"4": "wave"
},
"expansion": "Lithuanian vilnìs (“wave”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lv",
"2": "vilnis",
"3": "",
"4": "wave"
},
"expansion": "Latvian vilnis (“wave”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "ऊर्मि",
"3": "",
"4": "wave",
"tr": "ūrmí"
},
"expansion": "Sanskrit ऊर्मि (ūrmí, “wave”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ae",
"2": "𐬬𐬀𐬭𐬆𐬨𐬌"
},
"expansion": "Avestan 𐬬𐬀𐬭𐬆𐬨𐬌 (var^əmi)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "bal",
"2": "گورم",
"tr": "gwarm"
},
"expansion": "Baluchi گورم (gwarm)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "goh",
"2": "wella"
},
"expansion": "Old High German wella",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "Welle"
},
"expansion": "German Welle",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sq",
"2": "valë",
"3": "",
"4": "wave"
},
"expansion": "Albanian valë (“wave”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cu",
"2": "вьлати",
"3": "",
"4": "undulate"
},
"expansion": "Old Church Slavonic вьлати (vĭlati, “undulate”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "wallen",
"3": "",
"4": "undulate"
},
"expansion": "German wallen (“undulate”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ru",
"2": "вали́ть"
},
"expansion": "Russian вали́ть (valítʹ)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Old East Slavic вълна (vŭlna, “wave”), from Proto-Slavic *vьlna (“wave”). Cognate with Old Church Slavonic вльна (vlĭna), Bulgarian вълна (vǎlna), Czech vlna, Slovak vlna. Cognate with Lithuanian vilnìs (“wave”), Latvian vilnis (“wave”), Sanskrit ऊर्मि (ūrmí, “wave”), Avestan 𐬬𐬀𐬭𐬆𐬨𐬌 (var^əmi), Baluchi گورم (gwarm), Old High German wella, German Welle, Albanian valë (“wave”), and further with Old Church Slavonic вьлати (vĭlati, “undulate”), German wallen (“undulate”), and Russian вали́ть (valítʹ), вал (val).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "волна́",
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "volná",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "волны́",
"tags": [
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "во́лны",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "волн",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "волново́й",
"tags": [
"adjective",
"relational"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "ru-noun-table",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "hard-stem",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "accent-d",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "волна́",
"roman": "volná",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "во́лны",
"roman": "vólny",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "волны́",
"roman": "volný",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "во́лн",
"roman": "vóln",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "волне́",
"roman": "volné",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "во́лнам",
"roman": "vólnam",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "волна́м",
"roman": "volnám",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "волну́",
"roman": "volnú",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "во́лны",
"roman": "vólny",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "волно́й",
"roman": "volnój",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "волно́ю",
"roman": "volnóju",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "во́лнами",
"roman": "vólnami",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "волна́ми",
"roman": "volnámi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "волне́",
"roman": "volné",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"prepositional",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "во́лнах",
"roman": "vólnax",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"prepositional"
]
},
{
"form": "волна́х",
"roman": "volnáx",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"prepositional"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "ru-noun-table",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "hard-stem",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "accent-d",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "волна́",
"roman": "volná",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dated",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "во́лны",
"roman": "vólny",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dated",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "волны́",
"roman": "volný",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dated",
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "во́лнъ",
"roman": "vóln",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dated",
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "волнѣ́",
"roman": "volně́",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dated",
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "во́лнамъ",
"roman": "vólnam",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dated",
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "волна́мъ",
"roman": "volnám",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dated",
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "волну́",
"roman": "volnú",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dated",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "во́лны",
"roman": "vólny",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dated",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "волно́й",
"roman": "volnój",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dated",
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "волно́ю",
"roman": "volnóju",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dated",
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "во́лнами",
"roman": "vólnami",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dated",
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "волна́ми",
"roman": "volnámi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dated",
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "волнѣ́",
"roman": "volně́",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dated",
"prepositional",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "во́лнахъ",
"roman": "vólnax",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dated",
"plural",
"prepositional"
]
},
{
"form": "волна́хъ",
"roman": "volnáx",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dated",
"plural",
"prepositional"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "d,f",
"2": "волна́",
"adj": "волново́й"
},
"expansion": "волна́ • (volná) f inan (genitive волны́, nominative plural во́лны, genitive plural волн, relational adjective волново́й)",
"name": "ru-noun+"
}
],
"lang": "Russian",
"lang_code": "ru",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "volnénije",
"word": "волне́ние"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "volnístyj",
"word": "волни́стый"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "volnovátʹsja",
"word": "волнова́ться"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "prilívnaja volná",
"word": "прили́вная волна́"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "46 54",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Russian nouns with accent pattern f",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "26 33 41",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Russian nouns with multiple accent patterns",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "26 33 41",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Russian nouns with multiple argument sets",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"wave"
],
"id": "en-волна-ru-noun-SxJeyZp0",
"links": [
[
"wave",
"wave"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "9 64 27",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Russian entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "3 88 9",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Russian links with redundant wikilinks",
"parents": [
"Links with redundant wikilinks",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "46 54",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Russian nouns with accent pattern f",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "26 33 41",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Russian nouns with multiple accent patterns",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "26 33 41",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Russian nouns with multiple argument sets",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "21 48 31",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Russian nouns with multiple declensions",
"parents": [
"Nouns with multiple declensions",
"Nouns by inflection type",
"Nouns",
"Lemmas"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"wavelength"
],
"id": "en-волна-ru-noun-y~czUJQb",
"links": [
[
"wavelength",
"wavelength"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[vɐɫˈna]"
},
{
"audio": "Ru-волна.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/d/da/Ru-%D0%B2%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BD%D0%B0.ogg/Ru-%D0%B2%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BD%D0%B0.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/da/Ru-%D0%B2%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BD%D0%B0.ogg"
}
],
"word": "волна"
}
{
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ru",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*h₂welh₁-",
"id": "wool"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "Inherited"
},
"expansion": "Inherited",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ru",
"2": "sla-pro",
"3": "*vьlna",
"4": "",
"5": "wool",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Proto-Slavic *vьlna (“wool”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ru",
"2": "sla-pro",
"3": "*vьlna",
"4": "",
"5": "wool"
},
"expansion": "Inherited from Proto-Slavic *vьlna (“wool”)",
"name": "inh+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ru",
"2": "ine-bsl-pro",
"3": "*wílˀnāˀ"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Balto-Slavic *wílˀnāˀ",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ru",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*h₂wĺ̥h₁neh₂",
"4": "",
"5": "wool"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *h₂wĺ̥h₁neh₂ (“wool”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cu",
"2": "вльна"
},
"expansion": "Old Church Slavonic вльна (vlĭna)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "bg",
"2": "въ́лна"
},
"expansion": "Bulgarian въ́лна (vǎ́lna)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sh",
"2": "вуна",
"3": "ву̏на/vȕna"
},
"expansion": "Serbo-Croatian ву̏на/vȕna",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cs",
"2": "vlna"
},
"expansion": "Czech vlna",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sk",
"2": "vlna"
},
"expansion": "Slovak vlna",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "wełna"
},
"expansion": "Polish wełna",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Proto-Slavic *vьlna (“wool”), from Proto-Balto-Slavic *wílˀnāˀ, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂wĺ̥h₁neh₂ (“wool”). Cognate with Old Church Slavonic вльна (vlĭna), Bulgarian въ́лна (vǎ́lna), Serbo-Croatian ву̏на/vȕna, Czech vlna, Slovak vlna and Polish wełna.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "волна́",
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "во́лна",
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "volná",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "vólna",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "волны́",
"tags": [
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "во́лны",
"tags": [
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "ru-noun-table",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "hard-stem",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "accent-d",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "волна́",
"roman": "volná",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "во́лна",
"roman": "vólna",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "волны́",
"roman": "volný",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "во́лны",
"roman": "vólny",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "волне́",
"roman": "volné",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "во́лне",
"roman": "vólne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "волну́",
"roman": "volnú",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "во́лну",
"roman": "vólnu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "волно́й",
"roman": "volnój",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "волно́ю",
"roman": "volnóju",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "во́лной",
"roman": "vólnoj",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "во́лною",
"roman": "vólnoju",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "волне́",
"roman": "volné",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"prepositional",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "во́лне",
"roman": "vólne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"prepositional",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "ru-noun-table",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "hard-stem",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "accent-d",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "волна́",
"roman": "volná",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dated",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "во́лна",
"roman": "vólna",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dated",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "волны́",
"roman": "volný",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dated",
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "во́лны",
"roman": "vólny",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dated",
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "волнѣ́",
"roman": "volně́",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dated",
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "во́лнѣ",
"roman": "vólně",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dated",
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "волну́",
"roman": "volnú",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dated",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "во́лну",
"roman": "vólnu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dated",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "волно́й",
"roman": "volnój",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dated",
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "волно́ю",
"roman": "volnóju",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dated",
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "во́лной",
"roman": "vólnoj",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dated",
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "во́лною",
"roman": "vólnoju",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dated",
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "волнѣ́",
"roman": "volně́",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dated",
"prepositional",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "во́лнѣ",
"roman": "vólně",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dated",
"prepositional",
"singular"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "d",
"2": "волна́",
"3": "or",
"4": "a",
"5": "во́лна",
"n": "sg"
},
"expansion": "волна́ or во́лна • (volná or vólna) f inan (genitive волны́ or во́лны, uncountable)",
"name": "ru-noun+"
}
],
"lang": "Russian",
"lang_code": "ru",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "27 32 41",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Russian nouns with accent pattern a",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "27 32 41",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Russian nouns with accent pattern d",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "26 33 41",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Russian nouns with multiple accent patterns",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "26 33 41",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Russian nouns with multiple argument sets",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"wool of sheep or goats"
],
"id": "en-волна-ru-noun-pm2nq2EU",
"links": [
[
"wool",
"wool"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(dialectal) wool of sheep or goats"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "шерсть"
}
],
"tags": [
"dialectal",
"uncountable"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[ˈvoɫnə]"
},
{
"ipa": "[vɐɫˈna]"
},
{
"audio": "Ru-волна.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/d/da/Ru-%D0%B2%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BD%D0%B0.ogg/Ru-%D0%B2%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BD%D0%B0.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/da/Ru-%D0%B2%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BD%D0%B0.ogg"
}
],
"word": "волна"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 2 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Russian 2-syllable words",
"Russian entries with incorrect language header",
"Russian feminine nouns",
"Russian hard-stem feminine-form accent-a nouns",
"Russian hard-stem feminine-form accent-d nouns",
"Russian hard-stem feminine-form accent-f nouns",
"Russian hard-stem feminine-form nouns",
"Russian inanimate nouns",
"Russian lemmas",
"Russian links with redundant wikilinks",
"Russian nouns",
"Russian nouns with accent pattern a",
"Russian nouns with accent pattern d",
"Russian nouns with accent pattern f",
"Russian nouns with multiple accent patterns",
"Russian nouns with multiple argument sets",
"Russian nouns with multiple declensions",
"Russian terms derived from Old East Slavic",
"Russian terms derived from Proto-Balto-Slavic",
"Russian terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Russian terms derived from Proto-Slavic",
"Russian terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *h₂welh₁- (wool)",
"Russian terms inherited from Old East Slavic",
"Russian terms inherited from Proto-Balto-Slavic",
"Russian terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European",
"Russian terms inherited from Proto-Slavic",
"Russian terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Russian uncountable nouns"
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "Inherited"
},
"expansion": "Inherited",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ru",
"2": "orv",
"3": "вълна",
"4": "",
"5": "wave",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Old East Slavic вълна (vŭlna, “wave”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ru",
"2": "orv",
"3": "вълна",
"4": "",
"5": "wave"
},
"expansion": "Inherited from Old East Slavic вълна (vŭlna, “wave”)",
"name": "inh+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ru",
"2": "sla-pro",
"3": "*vьlna",
"4": "",
"5": "wave"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Slavic *vьlna (“wave”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cu",
"2": "вльна"
},
"expansion": "Old Church Slavonic вльна (vlĭna)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "bg",
"2": "вълна"
},
"expansion": "Bulgarian вълна (vǎlna)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cs",
"2": "vlna"
},
"expansion": "Czech vlna",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sk",
"2": "vlna"
},
"expansion": "Slovak vlna",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lt",
"2": "vilnìs",
"3": "",
"4": "wave"
},
"expansion": "Lithuanian vilnìs (“wave”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lv",
"2": "vilnis",
"3": "",
"4": "wave"
},
"expansion": "Latvian vilnis (“wave”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "ऊर्मि",
"3": "",
"4": "wave",
"tr": "ūrmí"
},
"expansion": "Sanskrit ऊर्मि (ūrmí, “wave”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ae",
"2": "𐬬𐬀𐬭𐬆𐬨𐬌"
},
"expansion": "Avestan 𐬬𐬀𐬭𐬆𐬨𐬌 (var^əmi)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "bal",
"2": "گورم",
"tr": "gwarm"
},
"expansion": "Baluchi گورم (gwarm)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "goh",
"2": "wella"
},
"expansion": "Old High German wella",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "Welle"
},
"expansion": "German Welle",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sq",
"2": "valë",
"3": "",
"4": "wave"
},
"expansion": "Albanian valë (“wave”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cu",
"2": "вьлати",
"3": "",
"4": "undulate"
},
"expansion": "Old Church Slavonic вьлати (vĭlati, “undulate”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "wallen",
"3": "",
"4": "undulate"
},
"expansion": "German wallen (“undulate”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ru",
"2": "вали́ть"
},
"expansion": "Russian вали́ть (valítʹ)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Old East Slavic вълна (vŭlna, “wave”), from Proto-Slavic *vьlna (“wave”). Cognate with Old Church Slavonic вльна (vlĭna), Bulgarian вълна (vǎlna), Czech vlna, Slovak vlna. Cognate with Lithuanian vilnìs (“wave”), Latvian vilnis (“wave”), Sanskrit ऊर्मि (ūrmí, “wave”), Avestan 𐬬𐬀𐬭𐬆𐬨𐬌 (var^əmi), Baluchi گورم (gwarm), Old High German wella, German Welle, Albanian valë (“wave”), and further with Old Church Slavonic вьлати (vĭlati, “undulate”), German wallen (“undulate”), and Russian вали́ть (valítʹ), вал (val).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "волна́",
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "volná",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "волны́",
"tags": [
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "во́лны",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "волн",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "волново́й",
"tags": [
"adjective",
"relational"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "ru-noun-table",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "hard-stem",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "accent-d",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "волна́",
"roman": "volná",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "во́лны",
"roman": "vólny",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "волны́",
"roman": "volný",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "во́лн",
"roman": "vóln",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "волне́",
"roman": "volné",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "во́лнам",
"roman": "vólnam",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "волна́м",
"roman": "volnám",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "волну́",
"roman": "volnú",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "во́лны",
"roman": "vólny",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "волно́й",
"roman": "volnój",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "волно́ю",
"roman": "volnóju",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "во́лнами",
"roman": "vólnami",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "волна́ми",
"roman": "volnámi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "волне́",
"roman": "volné",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"prepositional",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "во́лнах",
"roman": "vólnax",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"prepositional"
]
},
{
"form": "волна́х",
"roman": "volnáx",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"prepositional"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "ru-noun-table",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "hard-stem",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "accent-d",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "волна́",
"roman": "volná",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dated",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "во́лны",
"roman": "vólny",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dated",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "волны́",
"roman": "volný",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dated",
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "во́лнъ",
"roman": "vóln",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dated",
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "волнѣ́",
"roman": "volně́",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dated",
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "во́лнамъ",
"roman": "vólnam",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dated",
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "волна́мъ",
"roman": "volnám",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dated",
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "волну́",
"roman": "volnú",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dated",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "во́лны",
"roman": "vólny",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dated",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "волно́й",
"roman": "volnój",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dated",
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "волно́ю",
"roman": "volnóju",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dated",
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "во́лнами",
"roman": "vólnami",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dated",
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "волна́ми",
"roman": "volnámi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dated",
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "волнѣ́",
"roman": "volně́",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dated",
"prepositional",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "во́лнахъ",
"roman": "vólnax",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dated",
"plural",
"prepositional"
]
},
{
"form": "волна́хъ",
"roman": "volnáx",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dated",
"plural",
"prepositional"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "d,f",
"2": "волна́",
"adj": "волново́й"
},
"expansion": "волна́ • (volná) f inan (genitive волны́, nominative plural во́лны, genitive plural волн, relational adjective волново́й)",
"name": "ru-noun+"
}
],
"lang": "Russian",
"lang_code": "ru",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"roman": "volnénije",
"word": "волне́ние"
},
{
"roman": "volnístyj",
"word": "волни́стый"
},
{
"roman": "volnovátʹsja",
"word": "волнова́ться"
},
{
"roman": "prilívnaja volná",
"word": "прили́вная волна́"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"wave"
],
"links": [
[
"wave",
"wave"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"wavelength"
],
"links": [
[
"wavelength",
"wavelength"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[vɐɫˈna]"
},
{
"audio": "Ru-волна.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/d/da/Ru-%D0%B2%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BD%D0%B0.ogg/Ru-%D0%B2%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BD%D0%B0.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/da/Ru-%D0%B2%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BD%D0%B0.ogg"
}
],
"word": "волна"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 2 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Russian 2-syllable words",
"Russian entries with incorrect language header",
"Russian feminine nouns",
"Russian hard-stem feminine-form accent-a nouns",
"Russian hard-stem feminine-form accent-d nouns",
"Russian hard-stem feminine-form nouns",
"Russian inanimate nouns",
"Russian lemmas",
"Russian links with redundant wikilinks",
"Russian nouns",
"Russian nouns with accent pattern a",
"Russian nouns with accent pattern d",
"Russian nouns with multiple accent patterns",
"Russian nouns with multiple argument sets",
"Russian nouns with multiple declensions",
"Russian terms derived from Proto-Balto-Slavic",
"Russian terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Russian terms derived from Proto-Slavic",
"Russian terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *h₂welh₁- (wool)",
"Russian terms inherited from Proto-Balto-Slavic",
"Russian terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European",
"Russian terms inherited from Proto-Slavic",
"Russian terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Russian uncountable nouns"
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ru",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*h₂welh₁-",
"id": "wool"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "Inherited"
},
"expansion": "Inherited",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ru",
"2": "sla-pro",
"3": "*vьlna",
"4": "",
"5": "wool",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Proto-Slavic *vьlna (“wool”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ru",
"2": "sla-pro",
"3": "*vьlna",
"4": "",
"5": "wool"
},
"expansion": "Inherited from Proto-Slavic *vьlna (“wool”)",
"name": "inh+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ru",
"2": "ine-bsl-pro",
"3": "*wílˀnāˀ"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Balto-Slavic *wílˀnāˀ",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ru",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*h₂wĺ̥h₁neh₂",
"4": "",
"5": "wool"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *h₂wĺ̥h₁neh₂ (“wool”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cu",
"2": "вльна"
},
"expansion": "Old Church Slavonic вльна (vlĭna)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "bg",
"2": "въ́лна"
},
"expansion": "Bulgarian въ́лна (vǎ́lna)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sh",
"2": "вуна",
"3": "ву̏на/vȕna"
},
"expansion": "Serbo-Croatian ву̏на/vȕna",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cs",
"2": "vlna"
},
"expansion": "Czech vlna",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sk",
"2": "vlna"
},
"expansion": "Slovak vlna",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "wełna"
},
"expansion": "Polish wełna",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Proto-Slavic *vьlna (“wool”), from Proto-Balto-Slavic *wílˀnāˀ, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂wĺ̥h₁neh₂ (“wool”). Cognate with Old Church Slavonic вльна (vlĭna), Bulgarian въ́лна (vǎ́lna), Serbo-Croatian ву̏на/vȕna, Czech vlna, Slovak vlna and Polish wełna.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "волна́",
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "во́лна",
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "volná",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "vólna",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "волны́",
"tags": [
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "во́лны",
"tags": [
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "ru-noun-table",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "hard-stem",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "accent-d",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "волна́",
"roman": "volná",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "во́лна",
"roman": "vólna",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "волны́",
"roman": "volný",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "во́лны",
"roman": "vólny",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "волне́",
"roman": "volné",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "во́лне",
"roman": "vólne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "волну́",
"roman": "volnú",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "во́лну",
"roman": "vólnu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "волно́й",
"roman": "volnój",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "волно́ю",
"roman": "volnóju",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "во́лной",
"roman": "vólnoj",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "во́лною",
"roman": "vólnoju",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "волне́",
"roman": "volné",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"prepositional",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "во́лне",
"roman": "vólne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"prepositional",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "ru-noun-table",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "hard-stem",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "accent-d",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "волна́",
"roman": "volná",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dated",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "во́лна",
"roman": "vólna",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dated",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "волны́",
"roman": "volný",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dated",
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "во́лны",
"roman": "vólny",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dated",
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "волнѣ́",
"roman": "volně́",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dated",
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "во́лнѣ",
"roman": "vólně",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dated",
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "волну́",
"roman": "volnú",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dated",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "во́лну",
"roman": "vólnu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dated",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "волно́й",
"roman": "volnój",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dated",
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "волно́ю",
"roman": "volnóju",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dated",
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "во́лной",
"roman": "vólnoj",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dated",
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "во́лною",
"roman": "vólnoju",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dated",
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "волнѣ́",
"roman": "volně́",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dated",
"prepositional",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "во́лнѣ",
"roman": "vólně",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dated",
"prepositional",
"singular"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "d",
"2": "волна́",
"3": "or",
"4": "a",
"5": "во́лна",
"n": "sg"
},
"expansion": "волна́ or во́лна • (volná or vólna) f inan (genitive волны́ or во́лны, uncountable)",
"name": "ru-noun+"
}
],
"lang": "Russian",
"lang_code": "ru",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Russian dialectal terms"
],
"glosses": [
"wool of sheep or goats"
],
"links": [
[
"wool",
"wool"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(dialectal) wool of sheep or goats"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "шерсть"
}
],
"tags": [
"dialectal",
"uncountable"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[ˈvoɫnə]"
},
{
"ipa": "[vɐɫˈna]"
},
{
"audio": "Ru-волна.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/d/da/Ru-%D0%B2%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BD%D0%B0.ogg/Ru-%D0%B2%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BD%D0%B0.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/da/Ru-%D0%B2%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BD%D0%B0.ogg"
}
],
"word": "волна"
}
Download raw JSONL data for волна meaning in Russian (17.3kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Russian dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-01-31 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-01-20 using wiktextract (bcd5c38 and 9dbd323). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.