"бы" meaning in Russian

{
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "sjd",
            "2": "пэ",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Kildin Sami: пэ (pe)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Kildin Sami: пэ (pe)"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "Inherited"
      },
      "expansion": "Inherited",
      "name": "glossary"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ru",
        "2": "orv",
        "3": "бꙑ",
        "4": "",
        "5": "",
        "g": "",
        "g2": "",
        "g3": "",
        "id": "",
        "lit": "",
        "nocat": "",
        "pos": "",
        "sc": "",
        "sort": "",
        "tr": "",
        "ts": ""
      },
      "expansion": "Old East Slavic бꙑ (by)",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ru",
        "2": "orv",
        "3": "бꙑ"
      },
      "expansion": "Inherited from Old East Slavic бꙑ (by)",
      "name": "inh+"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ru",
        "2": "sla-pro",
        "3": "*by"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Slavic *by",
      "name": "inh"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Inherited from Old East Slavic бꙑ (by), from Proto-Slavic *by.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "by",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ru",
        "2": "particle",
        "head": "бы"
      },
      "expansion": "бы • (by)",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Russian",
  "lang_code": "ru",
  "pos": "particle",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with 2 entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Russian entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Russian particles",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        }
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "text": "Я говори́л(а). ― Ja govoríl(a). ― I spoke.",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "text": "Я бы говори́л(a). ― Ja by govoríl(a). ― I would (should) have spoken.; I would speak.; I might speak.",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "english": "“I’d add a word or two of my own, but even the walls have ears,” said Gavrila Afanasevich, frowning.",
          "ref": "c. 1827 - 1828, Alexander Pushkin, chapter 4, in Арап Петра Великого [Arap Petra Velikovo, The Moor of Peter the Great], published 1837:",
          "roman": "Arap Petra Velikovo",
          "text": "— Сказал бы словечко, да волк недалечко, — сказал, нахмурясь, Гаврила Афанасьевич.",
          "type": "quote"
        },
        {
          "english": "Our concern is simple;\nour concern is this:\nThat our dear country would live,\nand there are no other concerns!",
          "ref": "1958, “Песня о тревожной молодости (Song of the Restless Youth)”, Lev Oshanin (lyrics), Aleksandra Pakhmutova (music):",
          "roman": "Zabota u nas prostaja,\nZabota naša takaja:\nŽila by strana rodnaja,\nI netu drugix zabot!",
          "text": "Забота у нас простая,\nЗабота наша такая:\nЖила бы страна родная,\nИ нету других забот!",
          "type": "quote"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "A verbal particle used to render conditional and subjunctive mood"
      ],
      "id": "en-бы-ru-particle-nGGvfdTT",
      "links": [
        [
          "conditional",
          "conditional#English"
        ],
        [
          "subjunctive",
          "subjunctive#English"
        ]
      ],
      "related": [
        {
          "roman": "jésli by tólʹko",
          "word": "е́сли бы то́лько"
        },
        {
          "roman": "kák by ne",
          "word": "ка́к бы не"
        },
        {
          "roman": "slóvno by",
          "word": "сло́вно бы"
        },
        {
          "roman": "štóby",
          "word": "что́бы"
        }
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "roman": "b",
          "tags": [
            "abbreviation"
          ],
          "word": "б"
        },
        {
          "word": "especially after vowels"
        },
        {
          "roman": "kabý",
          "tags": [
            "colloquial"
          ],
          "word": "кабы́"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "[bɨ]"
    },
    {
      "audio": "Ru-бы.ogg",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/1/15/Ru-%D0%B1%D1%8B.ogg/Ru-%D0%B1%D1%8B.ogg.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/15/Ru-%D0%B1%D1%8B.ogg"
    }
  ],
  "word": "бы"
}

{
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "sjd",
            "2": "пэ",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Kildin Sami: пэ (pe)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Kildin Sami: пэ (pe)"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "Inherited"
      },
      "expansion": "Inherited",
      "name": "glossary"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ru",
        "2": "orv",
        "3": "бꙑ",
        "4": "",
        "5": "",
        "g": "",
        "g2": "",
        "g3": "",
        "id": "",
        "lit": "",
        "nocat": "",
        "pos": "",
        "sc": "",
        "sort": "",
        "tr": "",
        "ts": ""
      },
      "expansion": "Old East Slavic бꙑ (by)",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ru",
        "2": "orv",
        "3": "бꙑ"
      },
      "expansion": "Inherited from Old East Slavic бꙑ (by)",
      "name": "inh+"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ru",
        "2": "sla-pro",
        "3": "*by"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Slavic *by",
      "name": "inh"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Inherited from Old East Slavic бꙑ (by), from Proto-Slavic *by.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "by",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ru",
        "2": "particle",
        "head": "бы"
      },
      "expansion": "бы • (by)",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Russian",
  "lang_code": "ru",
  "pos": "particle",
  "related": [
    {
      "roman": "jésli by tólʹko",
      "word": "е́сли бы то́лько"
    },
    {
      "roman": "kák by ne",
      "word": "ка́к бы не"
    },
    {
      "roman": "slóvno by",
      "word": "сло́вно бы"
    },
    {
      "roman": "štóby",
      "word": "что́бы"
    }
  ],
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "Pages with 2 entries",
        "Pages with entries",
        "Russian 1-syllable words",
        "Russian entries with incorrect language header",
        "Russian lemmas",
        "Russian particles",
        "Russian terms derived from Old East Slavic",
        "Russian terms derived from Proto-Slavic",
        "Russian terms inherited from Old East Slavic",
        "Russian terms inherited from Proto-Slavic",
        "Russian terms with IPA pronunciation",
        "Russian terms with quotations",
        "Russian terms with redundant head parameter",
        "Russian terms with usage examples"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "text": "Я говори́л(а). ― Ja govoríl(a). ― I spoke.",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "text": "Я бы говори́л(a). ― Ja by govoríl(a). ― I would (should) have spoken.; I would speak.; I might speak.",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "english": "“I’d add a word or two of my own, but even the walls have ears,” said Gavrila Afanasevich, frowning.",
          "ref": "c. 1827 - 1828, Alexander Pushkin, chapter 4, in Арап Петра Великого [Arap Petra Velikovo, The Moor of Peter the Great], published 1837:",
          "roman": "Arap Petra Velikovo",
          "text": "— Сказал бы словечко, да волк недалечко, — сказал, нахмурясь, Гаврила Афанасьевич.",
          "type": "quote"
        },
        {
          "english": "Our concern is simple;\nour concern is this:\nThat our dear country would live,\nand there are no other concerns!",
          "ref": "1958, “Песня о тревожной молодости (Song of the Restless Youth)”, Lev Oshanin (lyrics), Aleksandra Pakhmutova (music):",
          "roman": "Zabota u nas prostaja,\nZabota naša takaja:\nŽila by strana rodnaja,\nI netu drugix zabot!",
          "text": "Забота у нас простая,\nЗабота наша такая:\nЖила бы страна родная,\nИ нету других забот!",
          "type": "quote"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "A verbal particle used to render conditional and subjunctive mood"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "conditional",
          "conditional#English"
        ],
        [
          "subjunctive",
          "subjunctive#English"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "[bɨ]"
    },
    {
      "audio": "Ru-бы.ogg",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/1/15/Ru-%D0%B1%D1%8B.ogg/Ru-%D0%B1%D1%8B.ogg.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/15/Ru-%D0%B1%D1%8B.ogg"
    }
  ],
  "synonyms": [
    {
      "roman": "b",
      "tags": [
        "abbreviation"
      ],
      "word": "б"
    },
    {
      "word": "especially after vowels"
    },
    {
      "roman": "kabý",
      "tags": [
        "colloquial"
      ],
      "word": "кабы́"
    }
  ],
  "word": "бы"
}