See ciao in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "0 0",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Romanian entries with etymology texts",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "0 0",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Romanian entries with etymology trees",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "0 0",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Romanian entries with etymon",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "0 0",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Romanian entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "0 0",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Romanian farewells",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"etymology_links": [
[
"*ḱlewH-",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/ḱlewH-"
],
[
"*-ǫta",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/-ǫta"
],
[
"*Slov-",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/Slovǫta"
],
[
"*-ēnas",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Balto-Slavic/-ēnas#Proto-Balto-Slavic:_noun-forming_suffix"
],
[
"*-nós",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/-nós#Proto-Indo-European:_verbal_adjectives"
],
[
"*-iHnos",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/-iHnos#Proto-Indo-European:_adjectives_of_materials"
],
[
"*-inъ",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/-inъ#Proto-Slavic:_suffix"
],
[
"*-ěninъ",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/-ěninъ"
],
[
"*slověninъ",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/slověninъ"
],
[
"Σκλαβηνός",
"Σκλαβηνός#Ancient_Greek"
],
[
"Σκλᾰ́βος",
"Σκλάβος#Ancient_Greek"
],
[
"Sclavus",
"Sclavus#Latin"
],
[
"sclavus",
"sclavus#Latin"
],
[
"s-ciao, sciavo",
"sciavo#Venetan"
],
[
"ciao",
"ciao#Italian"
],
[
"ciao",
"ciao#Italian"
]
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ro",
"2": ":bor",
"3": "it:ciao",
"text": "1",
"tree": "1"
},
"expansion": "Etymology tree\nsubstrateder.?\nProto-Indo-European *ḱlewH-der.?\nProto-Slavic *slov-\nProto-Slavic *-ǫta\nProto-Slavic *Slov-?\nProto-Balto-Slavic *-ēnas\nProto-Indo-European *-nós\nProto-Indo-European *-iHnos\nProto-Slavic *-inъ\nProto-Slavic *-ěninъ\nProto-Slavic *slověninъder.\nAncient Greek Σκλαβηνός (Sklabēnós)der.\nMedieval Greek Σκλᾰ́βος (Sklắbos)bor.\nLate Latin Sclavus\nMedieval Latin sclavus\nVenetan s-ciao, sciavobor.\nItalian ciaobor.\nRomanian ciao\n[Appendix:Glossary#loanword|Borrowed]] from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"bor.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Borrowed from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"alt\" : \"s-ciao, sciavo\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"bor.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Borrowed from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"der.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Derived from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"der.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Derived from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"alt\" : \"*Slov-\", \"is_uncertain\" : true, \"gloss\" : \"Dnieper\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"alt\" : \"*slov-\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Slavic\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"der.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Derived from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"is_uncertain\" : true, \"lang_name\" : \"substrate\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"children\" : [ ], \"lang\" : \"qfa-sub\" }, { \"is_uncertain\" : true, \"children\" : [ ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*ḱlewH-\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"derived\" } ], \"lang\" : \"sla-pro\" }, { \"children\" : [ ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Slavic\", \"term\" : \"*-ǫta\", \"status\" : \"missing\", \"lang\" : \"sla-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Slavic\", \"term\" : \"*Slovǫta\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"sla-pro\" }, { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"noun-forming suffix\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Balto-Slavic\", \"term\" : \"*-ēnas\", \"lang\" : \"ine-bsl-pro\" }, { \"id\" : \"suffix\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"adjectives of materials\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"verbal adjectives\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-nós\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"keyword\" : \"from\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-iHnos\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Slavic\", \"term\" : \"*-inъ\", \"lang\" : \"sla-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Slavic\", \"term\" : \"*-ěninъ\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"sla-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Slavic\", \"term\" : \"*slověninъ\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"sla-pro\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"derived\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Ancient Greek\", \"term\" : \"Σκλαβηνός\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"grc\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"derived\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Medieval Greek\", \"term\" : \"Σκλᾰ́βος\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"gkm\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"bor\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Late Latin\", \"term\" : \"Sclavus\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"la-lat\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"keyword\" : \"from\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Medieval Latin\", \"term\" : \"sclavus\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"la-med\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Venetan\", \"term\" : \"sciavo\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"lang\" : \"vec\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"bor\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Italian\", \"term\" : \"ciao\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"it\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"bor\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Romanian\", \"term\" : \"ciao\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"ro\" }\" data-lang=\"ro\" data-title=\"ciao\">\nBorrowed from Italian ciao.",
"name": "etymon"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ro",
"2": ":bor",
"3": "it:ciao",
"text": "1",
"tree": "1"
},
"expansion": "Etymology tree\nsubstrateder.?\nProto-Indo-European *ḱlewH-der.?\nProto-Slavic *slov-\nProto-Slavic *-ǫta\nProto-Slavic *Slov-?\nProto-Balto-Slavic *-ēnas\nProto-Indo-European *-nós\nProto-Indo-European *-iHnos\nProto-Slavic *-inъ\nProto-Slavic *-ěninъ\nProto-Slavic *slověninъder.\nAncient Greek Σκλαβηνός (Sklabēnós)der.\nMedieval Greek Σκλᾰ́βος (Sklắbos)bor.\nLate Latin Sclavus\nMedieval Latin sclavus\nVenetan s-ciao, sciavobor.\nItalian ciaobor.\nRomanian ciao\nBorrowed from Italian ciao.",
"name": "etymon"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Etymology tree\nsubstrateder.?\nProto-Indo-European *ḱlewH-der.?\nProto-Slavic *slov-\nProto-Slavic *-ǫta\nProto-Slavic *Slov-?\nProto-Balto-Slavic *-ēnas\nProto-Indo-European *-nós\nProto-Indo-European *-iHnos\nProto-Slavic *-inъ\nProto-Slavic *-ěninъ\nProto-Slavic *slověninъder.\nAncient Greek Σκλαβηνός (Sklabēnós)der.\nMedieval Greek Σκλᾰ́βος (Sklắbos)bor.\nLate Latin Sclavus\nMedieval Latin sclavus\nVenetan s-ciao, sciavobor.\nItalian ciaobor.\nRomanian ciao\nBorrowed from Italian ciao.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "ciao!",
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ro",
"2": "interjection",
"head": "ciao!"
},
"expansion": "ciao!",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Romanian",
"lang_code": "ro",
"pos": "intj",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "95 5",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Romanian greetings",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Hello!"
],
"id": "en-ciao-ro-intj-M00Bb3Vc",
"links": [
[
"Hello",
"hello"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"Goodbye!"
],
"id": "en-ciao-ro-intj-HLeyIbet",
"links": [
[
"Goodbye",
"goodbye"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈt͡ʃau/"
}
],
"word": "ciao"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages using etymon with no ID",
"Pages with 10 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Pages with etymology trees",
"Pages with etymon",
"Romanian entries with etymology texts",
"Romanian entries with etymology trees",
"Romanian entries with etymon",
"Romanian entries with incorrect language header",
"Romanian farewells",
"Romanian greetings",
"Romanian interjections",
"Romanian lemmas",
"Romanian terms borrowed from Italian",
"Romanian terms derived from Ancient Greek",
"Romanian terms derived from Italian",
"Romanian terms derived from Late Latin",
"Romanian terms derived from Medieval Greek",
"Romanian terms derived from Medieval Latin",
"Romanian terms derived from Proto-Balto-Slavic",
"Romanian terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Romanian terms derived from Proto-Slavic",
"Romanian terms derived from Venetan",
"Romanian terms derived from substrate languages",
"Romanian terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *ḱlewH-"
],
"etymology_links": [
[
"*ḱlewH-",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/ḱlewH-"
],
[
"*-ǫta",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/-ǫta"
],
[
"*Slov-",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/Slovǫta"
],
[
"*-ēnas",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Balto-Slavic/-ēnas#Proto-Balto-Slavic:_noun-forming_suffix"
],
[
"*-nós",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/-nós#Proto-Indo-European:_verbal_adjectives"
],
[
"*-iHnos",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/-iHnos#Proto-Indo-European:_adjectives_of_materials"
],
[
"*-inъ",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/-inъ#Proto-Slavic:_suffix"
],
[
"*-ěninъ",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/-ěninъ"
],
[
"*slověninъ",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/slověninъ"
],
[
"Σκλαβηνός",
"Σκλαβηνός#Ancient_Greek"
],
[
"Σκλᾰ́βος",
"Σκλάβος#Ancient_Greek"
],
[
"Sclavus",
"Sclavus#Latin"
],
[
"sclavus",
"sclavus#Latin"
],
[
"s-ciao, sciavo",
"sciavo#Venetan"
],
[
"ciao",
"ciao#Italian"
],
[
"ciao",
"ciao#Italian"
]
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ro",
"2": ":bor",
"3": "it:ciao",
"text": "1",
"tree": "1"
},
"expansion": "Etymology tree\nsubstrateder.?\nProto-Indo-European *ḱlewH-der.?\nProto-Slavic *slov-\nProto-Slavic *-ǫta\nProto-Slavic *Slov-?\nProto-Balto-Slavic *-ēnas\nProto-Indo-European *-nós\nProto-Indo-European *-iHnos\nProto-Slavic *-inъ\nProto-Slavic *-ěninъ\nProto-Slavic *slověninъder.\nAncient Greek Σκλαβηνός (Sklabēnós)der.\nMedieval Greek Σκλᾰ́βος (Sklắbos)bor.\nLate Latin Sclavus\nMedieval Latin sclavus\nVenetan s-ciao, sciavobor.\nItalian ciaobor.\nRomanian ciao\n[Appendix:Glossary#loanword|Borrowed]] from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"bor.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Borrowed from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"alt\" : \"s-ciao, sciavo\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"bor.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Borrowed from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"der.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Derived from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"der.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Derived from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"alt\" : \"*Slov-\", \"is_uncertain\" : true, \"gloss\" : \"Dnieper\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"alt\" : \"*slov-\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Slavic\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"der.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Derived from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"is_uncertain\" : true, \"lang_name\" : \"substrate\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"children\" : [ ], \"lang\" : \"qfa-sub\" }, { \"is_uncertain\" : true, \"children\" : [ ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*ḱlewH-\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"derived\" } ], \"lang\" : \"sla-pro\" }, { \"children\" : [ ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Slavic\", \"term\" : \"*-ǫta\", \"status\" : \"missing\", \"lang\" : \"sla-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Slavic\", \"term\" : \"*Slovǫta\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"sla-pro\" }, { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"noun-forming suffix\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Balto-Slavic\", \"term\" : \"*-ēnas\", \"lang\" : \"ine-bsl-pro\" }, { \"id\" : \"suffix\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"adjectives of materials\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"verbal adjectives\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-nós\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"keyword\" : \"from\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-iHnos\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Slavic\", \"term\" : \"*-inъ\", \"lang\" : \"sla-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Slavic\", \"term\" : \"*-ěninъ\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"sla-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Slavic\", \"term\" : \"*slověninъ\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"sla-pro\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"derived\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Ancient Greek\", \"term\" : \"Σκλαβηνός\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"grc\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"derived\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Medieval Greek\", \"term\" : \"Σκλᾰ́βος\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"gkm\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"bor\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Late Latin\", \"term\" : \"Sclavus\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"la-lat\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"keyword\" : \"from\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Medieval Latin\", \"term\" : \"sclavus\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"la-med\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Venetan\", \"term\" : \"sciavo\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"lang\" : \"vec\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"bor\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Italian\", \"term\" : \"ciao\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"it\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"bor\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Romanian\", \"term\" : \"ciao\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"ro\" }\" data-lang=\"ro\" data-title=\"ciao\">\nBorrowed from Italian ciao.",
"name": "etymon"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ro",
"2": ":bor",
"3": "it:ciao",
"text": "1",
"tree": "1"
},
"expansion": "Etymology tree\nsubstrateder.?\nProto-Indo-European *ḱlewH-der.?\nProto-Slavic *slov-\nProto-Slavic *-ǫta\nProto-Slavic *Slov-?\nProto-Balto-Slavic *-ēnas\nProto-Indo-European *-nós\nProto-Indo-European *-iHnos\nProto-Slavic *-inъ\nProto-Slavic *-ěninъ\nProto-Slavic *slověninъder.\nAncient Greek Σκλαβηνός (Sklabēnós)der.\nMedieval Greek Σκλᾰ́βος (Sklắbos)bor.\nLate Latin Sclavus\nMedieval Latin sclavus\nVenetan s-ciao, sciavobor.\nItalian ciaobor.\nRomanian ciao\nBorrowed from Italian ciao.",
"name": "etymon"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Etymology tree\nsubstrateder.?\nProto-Indo-European *ḱlewH-der.?\nProto-Slavic *slov-\nProto-Slavic *-ǫta\nProto-Slavic *Slov-?\nProto-Balto-Slavic *-ēnas\nProto-Indo-European *-nós\nProto-Indo-European *-iHnos\nProto-Slavic *-inъ\nProto-Slavic *-ěninъ\nProto-Slavic *slověninъder.\nAncient Greek Σκλαβηνός (Sklabēnós)der.\nMedieval Greek Σκλᾰ́βος (Sklắbos)bor.\nLate Latin Sclavus\nMedieval Latin sclavus\nVenetan s-ciao, sciavobor.\nItalian ciaobor.\nRomanian ciao\nBorrowed from Italian ciao.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "ciao!",
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ro",
"2": "interjection",
"head": "ciao!"
},
"expansion": "ciao!",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Romanian",
"lang_code": "ro",
"pos": "intj",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"Hello!"
],
"links": [
[
"Hello",
"hello"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"Goodbye!"
],
"links": [
[
"Goodbye",
"goodbye"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈt͡ʃau/"
}
],
"word": "ciao"
}
Download raw JSONL data for ciao meaning in Romanian (7.8kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Romanian dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2026-10-30 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2026-10-01 using wiktextract (19f9a30 and 6f96ddf). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.