See abia in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "abia aștepta"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "de-abia"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-tsx",
"2": "abja",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Transylvanian Saxon: abja",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Transylvanian Saxon: abja"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ro",
"2": "from",
"3": "abi>barely_old",
"id": "barely",
"tree": "1"
},
"expansion": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *h₂éd\nProto-Italic *ad\nLatin ad\nProto-Italic *wiks\nLatin vix\nVulgar Latin *ad vix\nRomanian abi\nRomanian abia",
"name": "etymon"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "Inherited"
},
"expansion": "Inherited",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ro",
"2": "VL.",
"3": "*ad vix",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Vulgar Latin *ad vix",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ro",
"2": "VL.",
"3": "*ad vix"
},
"expansion": "Inherited from Vulgar Latin *ad vix",
"name": "inh+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "ad",
"3": "vix",
"nocat": "1"
},
"expansion": "ad + vix",
"name": "com"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ro",
"2": "abi"
},
"expansion": "abi",
"name": "from"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "rup",
"2": "ayia"
},
"expansion": "Aromanian ayia",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "es",
"2": "abés"
},
"expansion": "Spanish abés",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *h₂éd\nProto-Italic *ad\nLatin ad\nProto-Italic *wiks\nLatin vix\nVulgar Latin *ad vix\nRomanian abi\nRomanian abia\nInherited from Vulgar Latin *ad vix, from ad + vix. The original form was abi, a variant found in some dialects; the final -a was added by analogy with adverbs like aci(a), aiure(a), acole(a).\nThis suffixation coincided with diphthongisation, turning the stressed -i into a glide. In Banat, however, an alternate suffixed form developed also, in which the stressed syllable remained the same; these forms coexisted, occupying different nuances (see usage notes).\nCompare Aromanian ayia, archaic Spanish abés.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ro",
"2": "adverb",
"head": ""
},
"expansion": "abia",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "abia",
"name": "ro-adv"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"a‧bia"
],
"lang": "Romanian",
"lang_code": "ro",
"pos": "adv",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Translingual terms with non-redundant manual script codes",
"parents": [
"Terms with non-redundant manual script codes",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "58 1 16 14 11",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Romanian entries with etymology trees",
"parents": [
"Entries with etymology trees",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "59 1 15 14 11",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Romanian entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "And if the righteous scarcely be saved, where shall the ungodly and the sinner appear? (1 Peter 4:18)",
"ref": "c. 15th C., Voroneț Codex, folio 81ʳ, lines 11–13; edited in Mariana Costinescu, editor, Codicele Voronețean, Bucharest: Minerva, 1981, page 389:",
"roman": "Se dereptul abia se spăsăște, e necuratul și păcătosul iuo se voru ivi?",
"text": "седерепᲄᲂуⷧ҇а҆бїасеспⷭ҇ъще. е҆некᲂураᲄᲂуⷧ҇шипъкъᲅосᲂуⷧ҇. ю҆ѡ҆̀севорꙋиви.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"english": "And with these sayings scarce restrained they the people, that they had not done sacrifice unto him. (Acts 14:18)",
"ref": "1648, New Testament of Bălgrad, folio 154ʳ (рн҃д):",
"roman": "Și aceastea zicând, abiia opriră pre mulțime să nu facă lui jrătvă^([sic]).",
"text": "Шѝ а҆̀чѣс̾тѣ зикъ́нд̾, а҆биѧ̀ ѡ҆прн́рѫ премꙋлци́ме съ нꙋ фа́кѫ лꙋи жръ́твѫ.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"english": "I could hardly extend my hand to ring.",
"ref": "1848 July, Costache Negruzzi, “Scrisoarea XXIV (Un vis.) [Letter 24 (A dream.)]”, in Păcatele tinerețelor [The sins of youth], Iași, published 1857, page 334:",
"roman": "Letter 24 (A dream.)",
"text": "Абі̆а аm пᲈtᲈt tіndе mъnа ка sъ sᲈn.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"english": "Iorgu could hardly contain his laughter anymore.",
"ref": "1923, Ioan Slavici, chapter 4, in Cel din urmă armaș, Bucharest: Cultura Națională, page 153:",
"text": "Iorgu abia-și mai putù stăpâni rîsul.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"english": "On a boundary stone you see a bug.\nOn its many legs it can hardly stand.",
"ref": "1987 February 12, Marin Sorescu, “Descoperiri prea mari [Discoveries too great]”, in Tribuna, year 31, number 7, Cluj-Napoca, page 5; collected in Ecuatorul și polii [The Equator and the poles], Timișoara: Facla, 1989, →ISBN, page 84:",
"text": "Pe-o piatră de hotar vezi un gîndac.\nPe multele-i picioare-abia se ține.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"english": "You scarcely have any room inside it to turn, you can scarcely see anything in the streaks of light coming though the upper windows, and you can scarcely breathe the thick smoke, smelling of frankincense and wax, which fills the void between the bare stone walls.",
"ref": "2022, Mircea Cărtărescu, Theodoros, Bucharest: Humanitas, →ISBN, page 590:",
"text": "Abia ai loc să te-ntorci înăuntrul ei, abia poți zări ceva în dârele de lumină de pe ferestrele de sus, și abia poți respira fumul gros, mirosind a tămâie și ceară, ce umple golul dintre pereții de piatră brută.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"hardly, barely (with difficulty)"
],
"id": "en-abia-ro-adv-3SdEzM6T",
"links": [
[
"hardly",
"hardly"
],
[
"barely",
"barely"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "anevoie"
},
{
"word": "de-abia"
},
{
"word": "greu"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"english": "Sparse and yellow of hair, he only scarcely had some gray mixed in.",
"ref": "1682–1686, Dosoftei, Вꙗ́ца шѝ петрѧ́черѧ свн҃цилѡрь [Viața și petreacerea svinților, Lives and deaths of the saints], volume 2, folio 265ʳ:",
"roman": "Viața și petreacerea svinților",
"text": "Ра́рь шѝ Га́лбън҅ ла пъ́рь · а҆бьѧ̀ месᲅека̀ кърꙋн҅ᲅѧ́це ·",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"english": "The youths were hardly swaying in their dance, and the hora was rotating very slowly.",
"ref": "1882, Ion Creangă, Amintiri din copilărie [Childhood Memories], part 3; published serially in Convorbiri Literare, year 15, number 12, Iași, 1882 March 1, page 457:",
"text": "Flĕcăii abia se legănau in joc, și hora se invĕrtea foarte incet.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"english": "Star, who below the Great Dipper barely shines\nindistinct among seven lights, whose star are you?",
"ref": "1932 January, Lucian Blaga, “Întrebări către o stea [Questions to a star]”, in Gândirea, year 12, number 1, Bucharest, page 28:",
"text": "Stea, care subt carul cel mare abia licărești\nnedumerită ’ntre șapte lumini, a cui stea ești?",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"english": "[…] because who was I? A barely known literary critic, an editor-in-chief of a provincial journal.",
"ref": "1980, Marin Preda, Cel mai iubit dintre pământeni [The Earth’s most beloved son], volume 2, Bucharest: Cartea Românească, page 254:",
"text": "[…]fiindcă cine eram eu? Un critic literar abia cunoscut, un redactor-șef al unei reviste din provincie.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"english": "Socialist virtues have no currency, given that here the language of virtue is exclusively ecclesiastic and barely has any moral substance […], let alone a political one.",
"ref": "2019, Horia-Roman Patapievici, Anii urii [The years of hatred], Bucharest: Humanitas, →ISBN, page 38:",
"text": "Virtuțile socialiste nu au trecere, pentru că la noi limbajul virtuții este exclusiv bisericesc și abia dacă are conținut moral[…], darămite unul politic.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"hardly, barely, scarcely (in a very small measure)"
],
"id": "en-abia-ro-adv-bo9dlbcV",
"links": [
[
"hardly",
"hardly"
],
[
"barely",
"barely"
],
[
"scarcely",
"scarcely"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "de-abia"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"english": "He was a merchant’s son: among crowned heads you’ll find no more than one in a thousand like him.",
"ref": "1866, Ion Heliade Rădulescu, speech; published in Nică Barbu Locusteanu, editor, Scrisori din exil [Letters from exile], Bucharest, 1891, page 666:",
"text": "Acela era fiiŭ de negustor: vețĭ găsi abia unul la miiă asemenea luĭ dintre ceĭ încoronațĭ.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"english": "Only a few old, scrawny peasants were bustling and swarming […]",
"ref": "1912, Liviu Rebreanu, “Proștii [The fools]”, in Frământări [Worries], Orăștie, page 199:",
"text": "Abia vreo câțiva țărani bătrâni și slăbănogi mai forfoteau și se înghesuiau[…]",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"english": "How could such an oversight exist only two generations after Basarab?",
"ref": "2007, Neagu Djuvara, Thocomerius-Negru Vodă, Bucharest: Humanitas, →ISBN, page 111:",
"text": "Cum a putut exista o asemenea confuzie la abia a doua generație după Basarab?",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"only, just (no more than)"
],
"id": "en-abia-ro-adv-7ddKJQ9J",
"links": [
[
"only",
"only"
],
[
"just",
"just"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(chiefly with count words) only, just (no more than)"
],
"raw_tags": [
"with count words"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "de-abia"
},
{
"word": "doar"
},
{
"word": "numai"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"english": "And it came to pass, as soon as Isaac had made an end of blessing Jacob, and Jacob was yet scarce gone out from the presence of Isaac his father, that Esau his brother came in from his hunting. (Genesis 27:30)",
"ref": "1581–1582, Palia de la Orăștie; edited in Viorica Pamfil, editor, Palia de la Orăștie. 1581–1582. Text—Facsimile—Indice, Bucharest: Academy of the Socialist Republic of Romania, 1968, →OCLC, page 91:",
"roman": "Când amu Isac era sfârșit bl[a]g[oslo]veniia lui Iacov, și Iacov abiia era ieșit afară dinaintea lui Isac tătâni-său, vine Isav acelui frate de la vânat.",
"text": "Къндь а҆мꙋ И҆са́кь е҆ра̀ с́фръшить бл҄҃гве́нїꙗ лꙋи І҆а҆кѡ́вь · шѝ І҆а҆кѡ́вь а҆бїꙗ е҆ра̀ е҆ши́ть а҆фа́рѫ динаи҆́нтѣ лꙋи И҆́са́кь тътѫнисъꙋ · ви́не І҆са́вь а҆челꙋи фра́те де́ ла въна́ть",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"english": "A fox young of years, but great of wit,\nAnd which had only just begun its profession […]",
"ref": "1838 March 5, Grigore Alexandrescu, “Вᲈлпѣ, Калᲈл ші Лᲈпᲈл [Vulpea, Calul și Lupul, The Fox, the Horse and the Wolf]”, in Florian Aaron, editor, Романіа [Romania], Bucharest, page 220:",
"roman": "Vulpea, Calul și Lupul",
"text": "О вᲈлпе де ані̆ мікъ,ꙟнсъ де мінте маре,\nШі каре месеріа абіа ш’о ꙟнчепᲈсе[…]",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"english": "But where are their masters? At this hour they languish in their beds. Some are just waking up, others are just going to bed.",
"ref": "1889 December 31, Ion Luca Caragiale (unsigned), “Sfintele serbători [The holy feasts]”, in Era Nouă [The New Age], year 1, number 13, Iași, page 4:",
"text": "Dar stăpănii unde sunt? La ceasul acesta ei stau a lene in paturile lor. Unii abia se trezesc, alții abia sĕ^([sic]) culcă.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"english": "Anca Vogel frowned at him and irritably extinguished the only just lit cigarette.",
"ref": "1963, Mircea Eliade, chapter 8, in Pe strada Mântuleasa… [On Mântuleasa Street…], Paris: Caietele Inorogului:",
"text": "Anca Vogel îl privi încruntată și stinse nervos țigara abia începută.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"english": "They were harming themselves, additionally harming both us and the hope only just arisen.",
"ref": "2013, Ana Blandiana, Fals tratat de manipulare [False manipulation treatise], Bucharest: Humanitas, →ISBN, page 313:",
"text": "Își făceau rău, făcându-ne rău și nouă, și abia născutei speranțe.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"just, only just, scarce (not long ago)"
],
"id": "en-abia-ro-adv-UQgq6ahF",
"links": [
[
"just",
"just"
],
[
"only just",
"only just"
],
[
"scarce",
"scarce"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "de-abia"
},
{
"word": "numai"
},
{
"word": "tocmai"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"english": "Hurrying all day, with despondent soul,\nOnly right towards evening did he enter another land.",
"ref": "1837, Anton Pann, transl., Noul Erotocrit, volume 3, Sibiu, translation of Νέος Ερωτόκριτος [Néos Erotókritos] by Dionisie Fotino, page 140:",
"roman": "Néos Erotókritos",
"text": "Гръбіндꙋсе тоатъ зіоа, кꙋ сꙋфлетꙋл не’м пъкат,\nАбі̆а токма кътре сѣръ ꙟнтр’алт цінꙋт а ꙟнтрат.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"english": "Perhaps it’s long extinguished on its way\nIn blue remoteness,\nAnd only now did its ray\nShine to our sight.",
"ref": "1886 December 1, Mihai Eminescu, “La steaua”, in Iacob Negruzzi, editor, Convorbiri Literare, volume 20, number 9, Bucharest, page 798:",
"text": "Poate de mult s’au stins in drum\nIn departări albastre,\nEar raza ei abia acum\nLucì vederii noastre.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"english": "Only when I turned around did I see her.",
"ref": "1933, Camil Petrescu, Patul lui Procust [The Procustean bed], Bucharest: Național-Ciornei, page 129:",
"text": "Abia când m’am întors am văzut-o.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"english": "Florence has noticed, my dear, she noticed immediately. Not Ioniță, though, and poor Șerbănică will only get it next week.",
"ref": "1975, Rodica Ojog-Brașoveanu, chapter 8, in Bună seara, Melania! [Good evening, Melania!], Cluj: Dacia, page 148:",
"text": "„Florence a sesizat, draga mea, a sesizat imediat. Nu și Ioniță, iar bietul Șerbănică se va dumiri abia săptămîna viitoare.“",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"english": "If someone tries to push our buttons, I’ll have you know that first I’ll blow your brains out and only then I’ll figure out what the matter is.",
"ref": "1990, Mircea Nedelciu, Adriana Babeți, Mircea Mihăieș, Femeia în roșu [The woman in red], Timișoara: Cartea Românească, →ISBN, page 250:",
"text": "Dacă încearcă cineva să ne calce pe bătătură, să știi că prima dată îți zbor creierii și abia dup-aia o să văd care-i treaba.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"no sooner than; only"
],
"id": "en-abia-ro-adv-sIVNiOJQ",
"links": [
[
"no sooner",
"no sooner"
],
[
"only",
"only"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "de-abia"
},
{
"word": "doar"
},
{
"word": "numai"
},
{
"word": "taman"
}
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/aˈbja/"
},
{
"ipa": "/a.biˈa/",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/aˈbi.a/",
"note": "Banat, certain senses, see usage notes"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q7913 (ron)-Biolongvistul-abia.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/0/03/LL-Q7913_%28ron%29-Biolongvistul-abia.wav/LL-Q7913_%28ron%29-Biolongvistul-abia.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/0/03/LL-Q7913_%28ron%29-Biolongvistul-abia.wav/LL-Q7913_%28ron%29-Biolongvistul-abia.wav.ogg"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q7913 (ron)-Andreea Teodoraa-abia.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/c/c4/LL-Q7913_%28ron%29-Andreea_Teodoraa-abia.wav/LL-Q7913_%28ron%29-Andreea_Teodoraa-abia.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/c/c4/LL-Q7913_%28ron%29-Andreea_Teodoraa-abia.wav/LL-Q7913_%28ron%29-Andreea_Teodoraa-abia.wav.ogg"
},
{
"rhymes": "-a"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "abii"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "abiia"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "abi"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "abie"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "abe"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"archaic"
],
"word": "abea"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "regional"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"english": "post-1930s Cyrillic spelling",
"roman": "abia",
"word": "абя"
}
],
"word": "abia"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 7 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Rhymes:Romanian/a",
"Rhymes:Romanian/a/2 syllables",
"Romanian adverbs",
"Romanian aspect adverbs",
"Romanian entries with etymology trees",
"Romanian entries with incorrect language header",
"Romanian lemmas",
"Romanian terms derived from Latin",
"Romanian terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Romanian terms derived from Proto-Italic",
"Romanian terms derived from Vulgar Latin",
"Romanian terms inherited from Latin",
"Romanian terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European",
"Romanian terms inherited from Proto-Italic",
"Romanian terms inherited from Vulgar Latin"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "abia aștepta"
},
{
"word": "de-abia"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-tsx",
"2": "abja",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Transylvanian Saxon: abja",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Transylvanian Saxon: abja"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ro",
"2": "from",
"3": "abi>barely_old",
"id": "barely",
"tree": "1"
},
"expansion": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *h₂éd\nProto-Italic *ad\nLatin ad\nProto-Italic *wiks\nLatin vix\nVulgar Latin *ad vix\nRomanian abi\nRomanian abia",
"name": "etymon"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "Inherited"
},
"expansion": "Inherited",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ro",
"2": "VL.",
"3": "*ad vix",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Vulgar Latin *ad vix",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ro",
"2": "VL.",
"3": "*ad vix"
},
"expansion": "Inherited from Vulgar Latin *ad vix",
"name": "inh+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "ad",
"3": "vix",
"nocat": "1"
},
"expansion": "ad + vix",
"name": "com"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ro",
"2": "abi"
},
"expansion": "abi",
"name": "from"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "rup",
"2": "ayia"
},
"expansion": "Aromanian ayia",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "es",
"2": "abés"
},
"expansion": "Spanish abés",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *h₂éd\nProto-Italic *ad\nLatin ad\nProto-Italic *wiks\nLatin vix\nVulgar Latin *ad vix\nRomanian abi\nRomanian abia\nInherited from Vulgar Latin *ad vix, from ad + vix. The original form was abi, a variant found in some dialects; the final -a was added by analogy with adverbs like aci(a), aiure(a), acole(a).\nThis suffixation coincided with diphthongisation, turning the stressed -i into a glide. In Banat, however, an alternate suffixed form developed also, in which the stressed syllable remained the same; these forms coexisted, occupying different nuances (see usage notes).\nCompare Aromanian ayia, archaic Spanish abés.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ro",
"2": "adverb",
"head": ""
},
"expansion": "abia",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "abia",
"name": "ro-adv"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"a‧bia"
],
"lang": "Romanian",
"lang_code": "ro",
"pos": "adv",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Romanian terms with quotations",
"Translingual terms with non-redundant manual script codes"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "And if the righteous scarcely be saved, where shall the ungodly and the sinner appear? (1 Peter 4:18)",
"ref": "c. 15th C., Voroneț Codex, folio 81ʳ, lines 11–13; edited in Mariana Costinescu, editor, Codicele Voronețean, Bucharest: Minerva, 1981, page 389:",
"roman": "Se dereptul abia se spăsăște, e necuratul și păcătosul iuo se voru ivi?",
"text": "седерепᲄᲂуⷧ҇а҆бїасеспⷭ҇ъще. е҆некᲂураᲄᲂуⷧ҇шипъкъᲅосᲂуⷧ҇. ю҆ѡ҆̀севорꙋиви.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"english": "And with these sayings scarce restrained they the people, that they had not done sacrifice unto him. (Acts 14:18)",
"ref": "1648, New Testament of Bălgrad, folio 154ʳ (рн҃д):",
"roman": "Și aceastea zicând, abiia opriră pre mulțime să nu facă lui jrătvă^([sic]).",
"text": "Шѝ а҆̀чѣс̾тѣ зикъ́нд̾, а҆биѧ̀ ѡ҆прн́рѫ премꙋлци́ме съ нꙋ фа́кѫ лꙋи жръ́твѫ.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"english": "I could hardly extend my hand to ring.",
"ref": "1848 July, Costache Negruzzi, “Scrisoarea XXIV (Un vis.) [Letter 24 (A dream.)]”, in Păcatele tinerețelor [The sins of youth], Iași, published 1857, page 334:",
"roman": "Letter 24 (A dream.)",
"text": "Абі̆а аm пᲈtᲈt tіndе mъnа ка sъ sᲈn.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"english": "Iorgu could hardly contain his laughter anymore.",
"ref": "1923, Ioan Slavici, chapter 4, in Cel din urmă armaș, Bucharest: Cultura Națională, page 153:",
"text": "Iorgu abia-și mai putù stăpâni rîsul.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"english": "On a boundary stone you see a bug.\nOn its many legs it can hardly stand.",
"ref": "1987 February 12, Marin Sorescu, “Descoperiri prea mari [Discoveries too great]”, in Tribuna, year 31, number 7, Cluj-Napoca, page 5; collected in Ecuatorul și polii [The Equator and the poles], Timișoara: Facla, 1989, →ISBN, page 84:",
"text": "Pe-o piatră de hotar vezi un gîndac.\nPe multele-i picioare-abia se ține.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"english": "You scarcely have any room inside it to turn, you can scarcely see anything in the streaks of light coming though the upper windows, and you can scarcely breathe the thick smoke, smelling of frankincense and wax, which fills the void between the bare stone walls.",
"ref": "2022, Mircea Cărtărescu, Theodoros, Bucharest: Humanitas, →ISBN, page 590:",
"text": "Abia ai loc să te-ntorci înăuntrul ei, abia poți zări ceva în dârele de lumină de pe ferestrele de sus, și abia poți respira fumul gros, mirosind a tămâie și ceară, ce umple golul dintre pereții de piatră brută.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"hardly, barely (with difficulty)"
],
"links": [
[
"hardly",
"hardly"
],
[
"barely",
"barely"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "anevoie"
},
{
"word": "de-abia"
},
{
"word": "greu"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Romanian terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "Sparse and yellow of hair, he only scarcely had some gray mixed in.",
"ref": "1682–1686, Dosoftei, Вꙗ́ца шѝ петрѧ́черѧ свн҃цилѡрь [Viața și petreacerea svinților, Lives and deaths of the saints], volume 2, folio 265ʳ:",
"roman": "Viața și petreacerea svinților",
"text": "Ра́рь шѝ Га́лбън҅ ла пъ́рь · а҆бьѧ̀ месᲅека̀ кърꙋн҅ᲅѧ́це ·",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"english": "The youths were hardly swaying in their dance, and the hora was rotating very slowly.",
"ref": "1882, Ion Creangă, Amintiri din copilărie [Childhood Memories], part 3; published serially in Convorbiri Literare, year 15, number 12, Iași, 1882 March 1, page 457:",
"text": "Flĕcăii abia se legănau in joc, și hora se invĕrtea foarte incet.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"english": "Star, who below the Great Dipper barely shines\nindistinct among seven lights, whose star are you?",
"ref": "1932 January, Lucian Blaga, “Întrebări către o stea [Questions to a star]”, in Gândirea, year 12, number 1, Bucharest, page 28:",
"text": "Stea, care subt carul cel mare abia licărești\nnedumerită ’ntre șapte lumini, a cui stea ești?",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"english": "[…] because who was I? A barely known literary critic, an editor-in-chief of a provincial journal.",
"ref": "1980, Marin Preda, Cel mai iubit dintre pământeni [The Earth’s most beloved son], volume 2, Bucharest: Cartea Românească, page 254:",
"text": "[…]fiindcă cine eram eu? Un critic literar abia cunoscut, un redactor-șef al unei reviste din provincie.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"english": "Socialist virtues have no currency, given that here the language of virtue is exclusively ecclesiastic and barely has any moral substance […], let alone a political one.",
"ref": "2019, Horia-Roman Patapievici, Anii urii [The years of hatred], Bucharest: Humanitas, →ISBN, page 38:",
"text": "Virtuțile socialiste nu au trecere, pentru că la noi limbajul virtuții este exclusiv bisericesc și abia dacă are conținut moral[…], darămite unul politic.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"hardly, barely, scarcely (in a very small measure)"
],
"links": [
[
"hardly",
"hardly"
],
[
"barely",
"barely"
],
[
"scarcely",
"scarcely"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "de-abia"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Romanian terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "He was a merchant’s son: among crowned heads you’ll find no more than one in a thousand like him.",
"ref": "1866, Ion Heliade Rădulescu, speech; published in Nică Barbu Locusteanu, editor, Scrisori din exil [Letters from exile], Bucharest, 1891, page 666:",
"text": "Acela era fiiŭ de negustor: vețĭ găsi abia unul la miiă asemenea luĭ dintre ceĭ încoronațĭ.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"english": "Only a few old, scrawny peasants were bustling and swarming […]",
"ref": "1912, Liviu Rebreanu, “Proștii [The fools]”, in Frământări [Worries], Orăștie, page 199:",
"text": "Abia vreo câțiva țărani bătrâni și slăbănogi mai forfoteau și se înghesuiau[…]",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"english": "How could such an oversight exist only two generations after Basarab?",
"ref": "2007, Neagu Djuvara, Thocomerius-Negru Vodă, Bucharest: Humanitas, →ISBN, page 111:",
"text": "Cum a putut exista o asemenea confuzie la abia a doua generație după Basarab?",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"only, just (no more than)"
],
"links": [
[
"only",
"only"
],
[
"just",
"just"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(chiefly with count words) only, just (no more than)"
],
"raw_tags": [
"with count words"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "de-abia"
},
{
"word": "doar"
},
{
"word": "numai"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Romanian terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "And it came to pass, as soon as Isaac had made an end of blessing Jacob, and Jacob was yet scarce gone out from the presence of Isaac his father, that Esau his brother came in from his hunting. (Genesis 27:30)",
"ref": "1581–1582, Palia de la Orăștie; edited in Viorica Pamfil, editor, Palia de la Orăștie. 1581–1582. Text—Facsimile—Indice, Bucharest: Academy of the Socialist Republic of Romania, 1968, →OCLC, page 91:",
"roman": "Când amu Isac era sfârșit bl[a]g[oslo]veniia lui Iacov, și Iacov abiia era ieșit afară dinaintea lui Isac tătâni-său, vine Isav acelui frate de la vânat.",
"text": "Къндь а҆мꙋ И҆са́кь е҆ра̀ с́фръшить бл҄҃гве́нїꙗ лꙋи І҆а҆кѡ́вь · шѝ І҆а҆кѡ́вь а҆бїꙗ е҆ра̀ е҆ши́ть а҆фа́рѫ динаи҆́нтѣ лꙋи И҆́са́кь тътѫнисъꙋ · ви́не І҆са́вь а҆челꙋи фра́те де́ ла въна́ть",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"english": "A fox young of years, but great of wit,\nAnd which had only just begun its profession […]",
"ref": "1838 March 5, Grigore Alexandrescu, “Вᲈлпѣ, Калᲈл ші Лᲈпᲈл [Vulpea, Calul și Lupul, The Fox, the Horse and the Wolf]”, in Florian Aaron, editor, Романіа [Romania], Bucharest, page 220:",
"roman": "Vulpea, Calul și Lupul",
"text": "О вᲈлпе де ані̆ мікъ,ꙟнсъ де мінте маре,\nШі каре месеріа абіа ш’о ꙟнчепᲈсе[…]",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"english": "But where are their masters? At this hour they languish in their beds. Some are just waking up, others are just going to bed.",
"ref": "1889 December 31, Ion Luca Caragiale (unsigned), “Sfintele serbători [The holy feasts]”, in Era Nouă [The New Age], year 1, number 13, Iași, page 4:",
"text": "Dar stăpănii unde sunt? La ceasul acesta ei stau a lene in paturile lor. Unii abia se trezesc, alții abia sĕ^([sic]) culcă.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"english": "Anca Vogel frowned at him and irritably extinguished the only just lit cigarette.",
"ref": "1963, Mircea Eliade, chapter 8, in Pe strada Mântuleasa… [On Mântuleasa Street…], Paris: Caietele Inorogului:",
"text": "Anca Vogel îl privi încruntată și stinse nervos țigara abia începută.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"english": "They were harming themselves, additionally harming both us and the hope only just arisen.",
"ref": "2013, Ana Blandiana, Fals tratat de manipulare [False manipulation treatise], Bucharest: Humanitas, →ISBN, page 313:",
"text": "Își făceau rău, făcându-ne rău și nouă, și abia născutei speranțe.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"just, only just, scarce (not long ago)"
],
"links": [
[
"just",
"just"
],
[
"only just",
"only just"
],
[
"scarce",
"scarce"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "de-abia"
},
{
"word": "numai"
},
{
"word": "tocmai"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Romanian terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "Hurrying all day, with despondent soul,\nOnly right towards evening did he enter another land.",
"ref": "1837, Anton Pann, transl., Noul Erotocrit, volume 3, Sibiu, translation of Νέος Ερωτόκριτος [Néos Erotókritos] by Dionisie Fotino, page 140:",
"roman": "Néos Erotókritos",
"text": "Гръбіндꙋсе тоатъ зіоа, кꙋ сꙋфлетꙋл не’м пъкат,\nАбі̆а токма кътре сѣръ ꙟнтр’алт цінꙋт а ꙟнтрат.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"english": "Perhaps it’s long extinguished on its way\nIn blue remoteness,\nAnd only now did its ray\nShine to our sight.",
"ref": "1886 December 1, Mihai Eminescu, “La steaua”, in Iacob Negruzzi, editor, Convorbiri Literare, volume 20, number 9, Bucharest, page 798:",
"text": "Poate de mult s’au stins in drum\nIn departări albastre,\nEar raza ei abia acum\nLucì vederii noastre.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"english": "Only when I turned around did I see her.",
"ref": "1933, Camil Petrescu, Patul lui Procust [The Procustean bed], Bucharest: Național-Ciornei, page 129:",
"text": "Abia când m’am întors am văzut-o.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"english": "Florence has noticed, my dear, she noticed immediately. Not Ioniță, though, and poor Șerbănică will only get it next week.",
"ref": "1975, Rodica Ojog-Brașoveanu, chapter 8, in Bună seara, Melania! [Good evening, Melania!], Cluj: Dacia, page 148:",
"text": "„Florence a sesizat, draga mea, a sesizat imediat. Nu și Ioniță, iar bietul Șerbănică se va dumiri abia săptămîna viitoare.“",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"english": "If someone tries to push our buttons, I’ll have you know that first I’ll blow your brains out and only then I’ll figure out what the matter is.",
"ref": "1990, Mircea Nedelciu, Adriana Babeți, Mircea Mihăieș, Femeia în roșu [The woman in red], Timișoara: Cartea Românească, →ISBN, page 250:",
"text": "Dacă încearcă cineva să ne calce pe bătătură, să știi că prima dată îți zbor creierii și abia dup-aia o să văd care-i treaba.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"no sooner than; only"
],
"links": [
[
"no sooner",
"no sooner"
],
[
"only",
"only"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "de-abia"
},
{
"word": "doar"
},
{
"word": "numai"
},
{
"word": "taman"
}
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/aˈbja/"
},
{
"ipa": "/a.biˈa/",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/aˈbi.a/",
"note": "Banat, certain senses, see usage notes"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q7913 (ron)-Biolongvistul-abia.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/0/03/LL-Q7913_%28ron%29-Biolongvistul-abia.wav/LL-Q7913_%28ron%29-Biolongvistul-abia.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/0/03/LL-Q7913_%28ron%29-Biolongvistul-abia.wav/LL-Q7913_%28ron%29-Biolongvistul-abia.wav.ogg"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q7913 (ron)-Andreea Teodoraa-abia.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/c/c4/LL-Q7913_%28ron%29-Andreea_Teodoraa-abia.wav/LL-Q7913_%28ron%29-Andreea_Teodoraa-abia.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/c/c4/LL-Q7913_%28ron%29-Andreea_Teodoraa-abia.wav/LL-Q7913_%28ron%29-Andreea_Teodoraa-abia.wav.ogg"
},
{
"rhymes": "-a"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "abii"
},
{
"word": "abiia"
},
{
"word": "abi"
},
{
"word": "abie"
},
{
"word": "abe"
},
{
"tags": [
"archaic"
],
"word": "abea"
},
{
"word": "regional"
},
{
"english": "post-1930s Cyrillic spelling",
"roman": "abia",
"word": "абя"
}
],
"word": "abia"
}
Download raw JSONL data for abia meaning in Romanian (15.7kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Romanian dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-01-03 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-01-01 using wiktextract (eaedd02 and 8fbd9e8). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.