"împărat" meaning in Romanian

See împărat in All languages combined, or Wiktionary

Noun

IPA: /ɨm.pəˈrat/ Audio: LL-Q7913 (ron)-Filosoful-împărat.wav
Rhymes: -at Etymology: Inherited from Latin imperātor, possibly through a Vulgar Latin root *imperātus. Compare Megleno-Romanian ạmpirat, and also Albanian mbret. Doublet of imperator. Etymology templates: {{glossary|Inherited}} Inherited, {{inh|ro|la|imperātor|||g=|g2=|g3=|id=|lit=|nocat=|pos=|sc=|sort=|tr=|ts=}} Latin imperātor, {{inh+|ro|la|imperātor}} Inherited from Latin imperātor, {{inh|ro|VL.|-}} Vulgar Latin, {{cog|ruq|ạmpirat}} Megleno-Romanian ạmpirat, {{cog|sq|mbret}} Albanian mbret, {{doublet|ro|imperator}} Doublet of imperator Head templates: {{ro-noun|m|împărați|f=împărăteasă}} împărat m (plural împărați, feminine equivalent împărăteasă) Inflection templates: {{ro-decl-noun|g=m|gpd=împăraților|gpi=împărați|gsd=împăratului|gsi=împărat|n=|npd=împărații|npi=împărați|nsd=împăratul|nsi=împărat|vp=împăraților|vs=împăratule|vs2=}} Forms: împărați [plural], equivalent împărăteasă [feminine], no-table-tags [table-tags], împărat [accusative, indefinite, nominative, singular], împăratul [accusative, definite, nominative, singular], împărați [accusative, indefinite, nominative, plural], împărații [accusative, definite, nominative, plural], împărat [error-unrecognized-form, indefinite, singular], împăratului [definite, error-unrecognized-form, singular], împărați [error-unrecognized-form, indefinite, plural], împăraților [definite, error-unrecognized-form, plural], împăratule [singular, vocative], împăraților [plural, vocative]
  1. emperor (ruler of an empire) Tags: masculine Categories (topical): Monarchy Related terms: imperiu, imperial, imperialism, împărăteasă, împărătesc, împărătește, împărătiță, împărăți, împărăție, rege
    Sense id: en-împărat-ro-noun-vbHW455y Disambiguation of Monarchy: 58 42
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Synonyms: ымпэрат (împărat) (english: post-1930s Cyrillic spelling)
Etymology number: 1

Verb

IPA: /ɨm.pəˈrat/ Audio: LL-Q7913 (ron)-Filosoful-împărat.wav Forms: of împăra [participle, past]
Rhymes: -at Etymology: From the verb împăra. Head templates: {{head|ro|past participle|past participle of|împăra|cat2=verb forms|cat3=entries using Template:ro-past}} împărat (past participle of împăra), {{ro-past|împăra}} împărat (past participle of împăra)
  1. past participle of împăra (“impaled”) Tags: form-of, participle, past Form of: împăra (extra: impaled) Categories (topical): Heads of state
    Sense id: en-împărat-ro-verb-tnkys60D Disambiguation of Heads of state: 26 74 Categories (other): Pages with 1 entry, Pages with entries, Romanian entries using Template:ro-past, Romanian entries with incorrect language header Disambiguation of Pages with 1 entry: 30 70 Disambiguation of Pages with entries: 16 84 Disambiguation of Romanian entries using Template:ro-past: 16 84 Disambiguation of Romanian entries with incorrect language header: 14 86
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Synonyms: ымпэрат (împărat) (english: post-1930s Cyrillic spelling)
Etymology number: 2

Inflected forms

{
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "rom",
            "2": "ampëràto",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Romani: ampëràto",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Romani: ampëràto"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_number": 1,
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "Inherited"
      },
      "expansion": "Inherited",
      "name": "glossary"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ro",
        "2": "la",
        "3": "imperātor",
        "4": "",
        "5": "",
        "g": "",
        "g2": "",
        "g3": "",
        "id": "",
        "lit": "",
        "nocat": "",
        "pos": "",
        "sc": "",
        "sort": "",
        "tr": "",
        "ts": ""
      },
      "expansion": "Latin imperātor",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ro",
        "2": "la",
        "3": "imperātor"
      },
      "expansion": "Inherited from Latin imperātor",
      "name": "inh+"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ro",
        "2": "VL.",
        "3": "-"
      },
      "expansion": "Vulgar Latin",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ruq",
        "2": "ạmpirat"
      },
      "expansion": "Megleno-Romanian ạmpirat",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sq",
        "2": "mbret"
      },
      "expansion": "Albanian mbret",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ro",
        "2": "imperator"
      },
      "expansion": "Doublet of imperator",
      "name": "doublet"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Inherited from Latin imperātor, possibly through a Vulgar Latin root *imperātus. Compare Megleno-Romanian ạmpirat, and also Albanian mbret. Doublet of imperator.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "împărați",
      "tags": [
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "equivalent împărăteasă",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ro-noun-m",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "împărat",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "indefinite",
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "împăratul",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "definite",
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "împărați",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "indefinite",
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "împărații",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "definite",
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "împărat",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form",
        "indefinite",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "împăratului",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "definite",
        "error-unrecognized-form",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "împărați",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form",
        "indefinite",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "împăraților",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "definite",
        "error-unrecognized-form",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "împăratule",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "singular",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "împăraților",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "vocative"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "m",
        "2": "împărați",
        "f": "împărăteasă"
      },
      "expansion": "împărat m (plural împărați, feminine equivalent împărăteasă)",
      "name": "ro-noun"
    }
  ],
  "hyphenation": [
    "îm‧pă‧rat"
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "g": "m",
        "gpd": "împăraților",
        "gpi": "împărați",
        "gsd": "împăratului",
        "gsi": "împărat",
        "n": "",
        "npd": "împărații",
        "npi": "împărați",
        "nsd": "împăratul",
        "nsi": "împărat",
        "vp": "împăraților",
        "vs": "împăratule",
        "vs2": ""
      },
      "name": "ro-decl-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Romanian",
  "lang_code": "ro",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "58 42",
          "kind": "topical",
          "langcode": "ro",
          "name": "Monarchy",
          "orig": "ro:Monarchy",
          "parents": [
            "Forms of government",
            "High society",
            "Government",
            "Society",
            "Politics",
            "All topics",
            "Fundamental"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "emperor (ruler of an empire)"
      ],
      "id": "en-împărat-ro-noun-vbHW455y",
      "links": [
        [
          "emperor",
          "emperor"
        ]
      ],
      "related": [
        {
          "word": "imperiu"
        },
        {
          "word": "imperial"
        },
        {
          "word": "imperialism"
        },
        {
          "word": "împărăteasă"
        },
        {
          "word": "împărătesc"
        },
        {
          "word": "împărătește"
        },
        {
          "word": "împărătiță"
        },
        {
          "word": "împărăți"
        },
        {
          "word": "împărăție"
        },
        {
          "word": "rege"
        }
      ],
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ɨm.pəˈrat/"
    },
    {
      "audio": "LL-Q7913 (ron)-Filosoful-împărat.wav",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/8/8c/LL-Q7913_%28ron%29-Filosoful-%C3%AEmp%C4%83rat.wav/LL-Q7913_%28ron%29-Filosoful-%C3%AEmp%C4%83rat.wav.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/8/8c/LL-Q7913_%28ron%29-Filosoful-%C3%AEmp%C4%83rat.wav/LL-Q7913_%28ron%29-Filosoful-%C3%AEmp%C4%83rat.wav.ogg"
    },
    {
      "rhymes": "-at"
    }
  ],
  "synonyms": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "english": "post-1930s Cyrillic spelling",
      "roman": "împărat",
      "word": "ымпэрат"
    }
  ],
  "word": "împărat"
}

{
  "etymology_number": 2,
  "etymology_text": "From the verb împăra.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "of împăra",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "past"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ro",
        "2": "past participle",
        "3": "past participle of",
        "4": "împăra",
        "cat2": "verb forms",
        "cat3": "entries using Template:ro-past"
      },
      "expansion": "împărat (past participle of împăra)",
      "name": "head"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "împăra"
      },
      "expansion": "împărat (past participle of împăra)",
      "name": "ro-past"
    }
  ],
  "hyphenation": [
    "îm‧pă‧rat"
  ],
  "lang": "Romanian",
  "lang_code": "ro",
  "pos": "verb",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "30 70",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with 1 entry",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "16 84",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "16 84",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Romanian entries using Template:ro-past",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "14 86",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Romanian entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "26 74",
          "kind": "topical",
          "langcode": "ro",
          "name": "Heads of state",
          "orig": "ro:Heads of state",
          "parents": [
            "Government",
            "Positions of authority",
            "Politics",
            "Society",
            "Leaders",
            "Occupations",
            "All topics",
            "People",
            "Work",
            "Fundamental",
            "Human",
            "Human activity",
            "Human behaviour"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "form_of": [
        {
          "extra": "impaled",
          "word": "împăra"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "past participle of împăra (“impaled”)"
      ],
      "id": "en-împărat-ro-verb-tnkys60D",
      "links": [
        [
          "împăra",
          "împăra#Romanian"
        ],
        [
          "impaled",
          "impaled"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "form-of",
        "participle",
        "past"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ɨm.pəˈrat/"
    },
    {
      "audio": "LL-Q7913 (ron)-Filosoful-împărat.wav",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/8/8c/LL-Q7913_%28ron%29-Filosoful-%C3%AEmp%C4%83rat.wav/LL-Q7913_%28ron%29-Filosoful-%C3%AEmp%C4%83rat.wav.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/8/8c/LL-Q7913_%28ron%29-Filosoful-%C3%AEmp%C4%83rat.wav/LL-Q7913_%28ron%29-Filosoful-%C3%AEmp%C4%83rat.wav.ogg"
    },
    {
      "rhymes": "-at"
    }
  ],
  "synonyms": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "english": "post-1930s Cyrillic spelling",
      "roman": "împărat",
      "word": "ымпэрат"
    }
  ],
  "word": "împărat"
}

{
  "categories": [
    "Pages with 1 entry",
    "Pages with entries",
    "Rhymes:Romanian/at",
    "Rhymes:Romanian/at/3 syllables",
    "Romanian countable nouns",
    "Romanian doublets",
    "Romanian entries using Template:ro-past",
    "Romanian entries with incorrect language header",
    "Romanian lemmas",
    "Romanian masculine nouns",
    "Romanian non-lemma forms",
    "Romanian nouns",
    "Romanian nouns with red links in their headword lines",
    "Romanian past participles",
    "Romanian terms derived from Latin",
    "Romanian terms derived from Vulgar Latin",
    "Romanian terms inherited from Latin",
    "Romanian terms inherited from Vulgar Latin",
    "Romanian verb forms",
    "ro:Heads of state",
    "ro:Monarchy"
  ],
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "rom",
            "2": "ampëràto",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Romani: ampëràto",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Romani: ampëràto"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_number": 1,
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "Inherited"
      },
      "expansion": "Inherited",
      "name": "glossary"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ro",
        "2": "la",
        "3": "imperātor",
        "4": "",
        "5": "",
        "g": "",
        "g2": "",
        "g3": "",
        "id": "",
        "lit": "",
        "nocat": "",
        "pos": "",
        "sc": "",
        "sort": "",
        "tr": "",
        "ts": ""
      },
      "expansion": "Latin imperātor",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ro",
        "2": "la",
        "3": "imperātor"
      },
      "expansion": "Inherited from Latin imperātor",
      "name": "inh+"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ro",
        "2": "VL.",
        "3": "-"
      },
      "expansion": "Vulgar Latin",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ruq",
        "2": "ạmpirat"
      },
      "expansion": "Megleno-Romanian ạmpirat",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sq",
        "2": "mbret"
      },
      "expansion": "Albanian mbret",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ro",
        "2": "imperator"
      },
      "expansion": "Doublet of imperator",
      "name": "doublet"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Inherited from Latin imperātor, possibly through a Vulgar Latin root *imperātus. Compare Megleno-Romanian ạmpirat, and also Albanian mbret. Doublet of imperator.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "împărați",
      "tags": [
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "equivalent împărăteasă",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ro-noun-m",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "împărat",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "indefinite",
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "împăratul",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "definite",
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "împărați",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "indefinite",
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "împărații",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "definite",
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "împărat",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form",
        "indefinite",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "împăratului",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "definite",
        "error-unrecognized-form",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "împărați",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form",
        "indefinite",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "împăraților",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "definite",
        "error-unrecognized-form",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "împăratule",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "singular",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "împăraților",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "vocative"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "m",
        "2": "împărați",
        "f": "împărăteasă"
      },
      "expansion": "împărat m (plural împărați, feminine equivalent împărăteasă)",
      "name": "ro-noun"
    }
  ],
  "hyphenation": [
    "îm‧pă‧rat"
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "g": "m",
        "gpd": "împăraților",
        "gpi": "împărați",
        "gsd": "împăratului",
        "gsi": "împărat",
        "n": "",
        "npd": "împărații",
        "npi": "împărați",
        "nsd": "împăratul",
        "nsi": "împărat",
        "vp": "împăraților",
        "vs": "împăratule",
        "vs2": ""
      },
      "name": "ro-decl-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Romanian",
  "lang_code": "ro",
  "pos": "noun",
  "related": [
    {
      "word": "imperiu"
    },
    {
      "word": "imperial"
    },
    {
      "word": "imperialism"
    },
    {
      "word": "împărăteasă"
    },
    {
      "word": "împărătesc"
    },
    {
      "word": "împărătește"
    },
    {
      "word": "împărătiță"
    },
    {
      "word": "împărăți"
    },
    {
      "word": "împărăție"
    },
    {
      "word": "rege"
    }
  ],
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "emperor (ruler of an empire)"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "emperor",
          "emperor"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ɨm.pəˈrat/"
    },
    {
      "audio": "LL-Q7913 (ron)-Filosoful-împărat.wav",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/8/8c/LL-Q7913_%28ron%29-Filosoful-%C3%AEmp%C4%83rat.wav/LL-Q7913_%28ron%29-Filosoful-%C3%AEmp%C4%83rat.wav.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/8/8c/LL-Q7913_%28ron%29-Filosoful-%C3%AEmp%C4%83rat.wav/LL-Q7913_%28ron%29-Filosoful-%C3%AEmp%C4%83rat.wav.ogg"
    },
    {
      "rhymes": "-at"
    }
  ],
  "synonyms": [
    {
      "english": "post-1930s Cyrillic spelling",
      "roman": "împărat",
      "word": "ымпэрат"
    }
  ],
  "word": "împărat"
}

{
  "categories": [
    "Pages with 1 entry",
    "Pages with entries",
    "Rhymes:Romanian/at",
    "Rhymes:Romanian/at/3 syllables",
    "Romanian entries using Template:ro-past",
    "Romanian entries with incorrect language header",
    "Romanian non-lemma forms",
    "Romanian past participles",
    "Romanian verb forms",
    "ro:Heads of state",
    "ro:Monarchy"
  ],
  "etymology_number": 2,
  "etymology_text": "From the verb împăra.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "of împăra",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "past"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ro",
        "2": "past participle",
        "3": "past participle of",
        "4": "împăra",
        "cat2": "verb forms",
        "cat3": "entries using Template:ro-past"
      },
      "expansion": "împărat (past participle of împăra)",
      "name": "head"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "împăra"
      },
      "expansion": "împărat (past participle of împăra)",
      "name": "ro-past"
    }
  ],
  "hyphenation": [
    "îm‧pă‧rat"
  ],
  "lang": "Romanian",
  "lang_code": "ro",
  "pos": "verb",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "Romanian past participles"
      ],
      "form_of": [
        {
          "extra": "impaled",
          "word": "împăra"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "past participle of împăra (“impaled”)"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "împăra",
          "împăra#Romanian"
        ],
        [
          "impaled",
          "impaled"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "form-of",
        "participle",
        "past"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ɨm.pəˈrat/"
    },
    {
      "audio": "LL-Q7913 (ron)-Filosoful-împărat.wav",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/8/8c/LL-Q7913_%28ron%29-Filosoful-%C3%AEmp%C4%83rat.wav/LL-Q7913_%28ron%29-Filosoful-%C3%AEmp%C4%83rat.wav.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/8/8c/LL-Q7913_%28ron%29-Filosoful-%C3%AEmp%C4%83rat.wav/LL-Q7913_%28ron%29-Filosoful-%C3%AEmp%C4%83rat.wav.ogg"
    },
    {
      "rhymes": "-at"
    }
  ],
  "synonyms": [
    {
      "english": "post-1930s Cyrillic spelling",
      "roman": "împărat",
      "word": "ымпэрат"
    }
  ],
  "word": "împărat"
}

Download raw JSONL data for împărat meaning in Romanian (6.4kB)

{
  "called_from": "inflection/735",
  "msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: 'genitive-dative'",
  "path": [
    "împărat"
  ],
  "section": "Romanian",
  "subsection": "noun",
  "title": "împărat",
  "trace": ""
}

This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Romanian dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-12-21 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-12-04 using wiktextract (d8cb2f3 and 4e554ae). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.